KR100888460B1 - Pulse Period Modulator and Method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a pulse period modulation device and method. The present invention provides a code generator for outputting N (2 < N) T period digital signals whose period is increased or decreased in accordance with input data, a controller for instructing pulse generation in synchronization with the digital signal, and according to the instructions. And a pulse generator for generating a pulse, the pulse generator outputting the pulse period modulated signal.

The present invention is not only high modulation rate and transmission speed but also easy to mix with other modulation schemes in a relatively simple configuration, and easy to demodulate, and thus is widely used in UWB communication, high-speed transmission and reception, or distance measurement system.

Description

Apparatus for Pulse Duration Modulation and Method

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pulse period modulation device and a method, and more particularly to a UWB communication method, a high speed transmission / reception method, or a distance by outputting a pulse period modulated signal by increasing or decreasing the period in a predetermined manner according to a value of data to be transmitted. A pulse period modulation device and method that can be used in a measurement system.

In general, baseband digital signals are modulated and transmitted for long distance transmission, large amounts of information transmission, information security, antenna miniaturization, interference prevention, and noise prevention. Large modulation is analog modulation that synthesizes a voice signal into a carrier wave and converts it into a frequency group favorable for transmission, digital modulation that outputs a signal of a predetermined type to a baseband digital signal 0 or 1, and discontinuous digital by dividing an analog signal into pulses. There is pulse modulation to convert the waveform.

Analog modulation includes Amplitude Modulation (AM) to change the amplitude of the signal, Frequency Modulation (FM) to change the frequency of the signal, and Phase Modulation (PM) to change the phase of the signal.

Digital modulation includes amplitude shift keying (ASK) for outputting signals with different amplitudes according to digital signals, frequency shift keying (FSK) for outputting signals with different frequencies, and signals with different phases. Phase Shift Keying (PSK) to output, and Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) to output signals with different amplitudes and phases.

In addition, pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) that changes the amplitude of the carrier pulse in proportion to the amplitude of the analog signal wave, and pulses that change the width of the pulse wave that is the carrier wave in proportion to the amplitude of the analog signal wave. Pulse Width Modulation (PWM), Pulse Position Modulation (PPM) that changes the position of the pulse wave as a carrier wave in proportion to the amplitude of the analog signal wave, and digitally samples the amplitude of the analog data signal There is pulse code modulation (PCM) to convert.

The above-described modulation scheme according to the prior art has a problem that it is difficult to mix other modulation schemes in addition to the fixed one scheme, and to mix them, the modulation and demodulation algorithm and / or apparatus are complicated.

The present invention applies a pulse period modulation that outputs two or more pulses whose period increases or decreases in a predetermined manner according to the value of data to be transmitted, and thus has a high modulation rate and transmission speed, and easy to mix with other modulation schemes. It is an object of the present invention to provide a periodic modulation device and method.

In order to achieve the above object, a pulse period modulation device according to the present invention comprises a code generator for outputting N (2? N) T period digital signals whose period increases or decreases in accordance with input data, and in synchronization with the digital signals. And a pulse generator for generating a pulse according to the instruction, and outputting the pulse period modulated signal.

Here, the input data is digital data of 0 or 1, and the code generator outputs a digital signal in which a pulse period increases in a predetermined unit in a range of T or more and NT or less when the input data is 0, and the input data is If it is 1, it outputs a digital signal whose pulse period decreases by a fixed unit in the T or less range.

Alternatively, the input data is digital data of 0 or 1, and when the input data is 0, the code generator outputs a digital signal in which a pulse period decreases in a predetermined unit in a range of T or less than NT, and the pulse period is T It can also be set to output a digital signal which increases in a predetermined unit in the range of NT or less.

The T may be equal to or greater than the reciprocal of the maximum frequency of transmission and reception, and the controller may include a synchronizer configured to detect a rising edge or a falling edge of the digital signal; A control unit instructing an operation of the pulse generator in synchronization with the rising edge or the falling edge

It consists of.

In addition, the pulse is generated in consideration of the number, frequency, amplitude, and waveform allocated to each digital signal, and the pulse generator modulates the pulse by pulse period modulation and pulse amplitude modulation, or pulse period modulation and phase modulation. The pulse can be modulated in a manner.

Alternatively, the pulse generator may modulate the pulse by pulse period modulation and frequency modulation, or may modulate the pulse by pulse period modulation and CDMA modulation.

In addition, the pulse period modulated signal is used in a communication method including a high-speed data transmission and reception, UWB, Ranging system, the pulse period modulated signal is demodulated in a method including a coherent method, a semi-coherent method, a non-coherent method do.

According to another aspect of the invention, (a) outputting N (2 ≤ N) T period digital signal whose period is increased or decreased in accordance with the input data, and (b) a rising edge of the digital signal Or detecting a falling edge, and (c) generating a pulse period modulated pulse in synchronization with the rising edge or the falling edge. This is provided.

Here, in step (a), T is equal to or greater than the reciprocal of the maximum frequency of transmission / reception and the frequency of the minimum frequency of transmission / reception. Outputs a digital signal increasing in a predetermined unit, and outputs a digital signal in which the pulse period decreases in a predetermined unit in a range of NT or less T when the input data is 1, or when the input data is 0, a pulse period is NT or less T A digital signal that decreases by a predetermined unit in an abnormal range is output. When the input data is 1, a digital signal that increases in a constant unit in a pulse period of T or more and NT or less is output.

Step (c) includes (c-1) determining the shape and the mixed modulation scheme of the pulse, and (c-2) synchronizing the shape and the mixed modulation scheme in synchronization with the rising edge or the falling edge. Generating pulses.

In this case, in step (c-1), the shape is determined based on the number, frequency, amplitude, and waveform of the pulses allocated per digital signal, and the mixed modulation scheme is a pure pulse period modulation. , Pulse period and pulse amplitude modulation mixed type and pulse period and phase modulation mixed type, pulse period and frequency modulation mixed type, pulse period and CDMA modulation mixed type.

On the other hand, the pulse period modulated signal transmitted and received after step (c) is preferably demodulated in a manner including a coherent, semi-coherent, non-coherent scheme.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a pulse period modulation device and method for outputting two or more pulses whose period increases or decreases in a predetermined manner according to a value of data to be transmitted.

The present invention is not only high modulation rate and transmission speed but also easy to mix with other modulation schemes in a relatively simple configuration, and easy to demodulate, and thus is widely used in UWB communication, high-speed transmission and reception, or distance measurement system.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following embodiments are provided to those skilled in the art to fully understand the present invention, can be modified in various forms, the scope of the present invention is limited to the embodiments described below no.

1 is a block diagram showing a pulse period modulation device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, a pulse period modulation device includes a code generator 110 for outputting N (2 ≦ N) T period digital signals whose period increases or decreases according to input data, and synchronizes the digital signals. And a pulse generator 130 for generating pulses according to the instructions.

The code generator 110 outputs N (2? N) T period digital signals whose period increases or decreases according to the input data.

In this case, the input data of the code generator 110 is digital data of 0 or 1, and if the input data is 0, the digital signal outputs a digital signal in which the pulse period increases in a predetermined unit in the range of T or more and NT or less, and the input data is 1 In this case, a digital signal is output in which the pulse period decreases by a fixed unit in the T or more range below NT.

In contrast to the above description, the code generator 110 outputs a digital signal in which the pulse period decreases in a predetermined unit in the range of NT or less than T when the input data is 0. It is also possible to output a digital signal which increases in a certain unit in the range.

Here, the period T of the digital signal is equal to or greater than the inverse of the maximum frequency for transmission and reception.

For example, assuming that N is 3 and the transmit / receive frequency is 0.5 GHz to 1 GHz, as shown in FIG. 1, the code generator 110 is uniformly constant from T to T, 2T, and 3T when the input data is 0. Three digital signals with increasing periods are output, and when the input data is 1, three digital signals with decreasing periods are continuously output from 3T, which is 3T, 2T, and T, in regular units.

Conversely, it is possible to control to output a digital signal of T, 2T, or 3T when the input data is 1, and output a digital signal of 3T, 2T, or T when the input data is 0, where the transmission / reception frequency is assumed to be 0.5 GHz to 1 GHz. Therefore, T should be in the range of 1ns or more and 2ns or less.

The controller 120 instructs the pulse generator 130 to generate pulses in synchronization with the digital signal output by the code generator 110.

The controller 120 synchronizes the rising edge or falling edge of the digital signal with the synchronization unit 121 and the pulse generator in synchronization with the rising edge or falling edge. The control unit 122 instructs an operation of the 130.

The pulse generator 130 generates a pulse in synchronization with the digital signal according to the instruction of the controller 120.

At this time, the pulse generator 130 determines the number, frequency, amplitude, and waveforms allocated per digital signal in advance, and generates pulses in the determined method.

2A to 2C are waveform diagrams illustrating a pulse period modulated signal according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2A shows a pulse period modulated signal, FIG. 2B shows a pulse period and pulse magnitude modulated signal, and FIG. 2C shows a pulse period and phase modulated signal.

The pulse-period modulated signal may be demodulated in a coherent method, a semi coherent method, or a non coherent method, according to an embodiment of the present invention in FIGS. 3a to 3c. A block diagram of a pulse period demodulation device is shown. 3A illustrates a coherent demodulation device, FIG. 3B illustrates a semi-coherent demodulation device, and FIG. 3C illustrates a non-coherent demodulation device.

4 is a block diagram illustrating a Ranging system in which a pulse period modulation technique is used according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the Ranging system transmits and receives a signal to and from a slave terminal 300, calculates a difference between a transmission time and a reception time, and measures a distance between the host terminal (Master-PNC) 400 and the host terminal ( It consists of one or more slave-device (300) to transmit its information when the call of 400.

The host terminal 400 includes an RF front end 440, a signal processor 430, a ranging processor 420, and a display 410.

The RF front end 440 is formed into a DA converter (not shown), an up-converter (not shown), an amplifier for amplifying for transmission (not shown), and a band for transmission. LNA (not shown) for low noise amplification in order to improve the SNR of a signal received through the antenna and a transmission block (not shown) configured to transmit to the antenna, a receive filter (not shown) for shaping the signal, and down It consists of a transmission block composed of a converter (not shown) and an AD converter (not shown) for analog-to-digital conversion.

The DA converter (not shown) converts the baseband digital signal transmitted from the signal processor 430 into an analog signal of the intermediate frequency band.

The up-converter (not shown) frequency shifts an analog signal in an IF (Intermediate Frequency) band to an RF (Radio Frequency) band.

A transmission filter (not shown) shapes an analog-converted transmission signal into a transmission frequency band permitted for use.

The amplifier (not shown) amplifies the standardized signal into a signal capable of driving the antenna and transmits the signal to the antenna so that the antenna launches the amplified signal into the air.

Low Noise Amplitude (LNA) (not shown) amplifies low noise to improve the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) of a signal received through an antenna.

A reception filter (not shown) filters and shapes the low noise amplified signal.

The down converter (not shown) frequency shifts the received signal of the RF band to the IF band.

The AD converter (not shown) digitally converts the received signal of the IF band and transmits it to the baseband signal processor 430.

The signal processor 430 attempts to transmit a signal to a terminal for measuring a distance by applying a code for error detection, checking a transmission time point, and modulating the signal to a DA converter (not shown). Through the method of signal detection, demodulation, and error correction, it is possible to recover the transmission signal and to detect the signal reception time from the terminal to measure the distance.

At this time, the detection and synchronization of the signal may be processed in an analog or digital manner.

The Ranging unit 420 determines the configuration of the transmission signal and the transmission period of the signal for distance measurement between the host terminal or the slave terminal, the host terminal and the slave terminal, and calculates the distance from the transmission time and the reception time.

The display 410 is composed of an LCD, a FND, a PDP, a monitor, and the like, and displays the distance calculated by the Ranging unit 420 in a form that a user, such as numbers and letters, can see.

The slave terminal 300 includes an RF front end 310, a signal processor 320, and a ranging processor 330.

Since the function of each component of the slave terminal 300 is the same as or similar to that of the host terminal 400, a description of the function will be omitted. At this time, the display 410 may be added to the slave terminal 300, of course.

5 is a block diagram showing the network configuration of a Ranging system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, one host terminal 200_1 is connected to another host terminal 200_2 or one or more slave terminals 300_1 to 300_n, and one slave terminal 300_1 is one or more host terminals 400. Or one or more host terminals 400 and one or more slave terminals 300.

Through the network, the host terminal 400, the slave terminal 300, and the slave terminal 300 and the slave terminal 300 may not only measure distance between the two terminals but also communicate and exchange information.

6 is a structure diagram of a transmission / reception packet of a Ranging system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 6, a transmission / reception packet of a Ranging system is composed of a preamble, a header, a payload, or a preamble, an ID, a header, and a payload.

Here, the packet signal may be in various forms according to packet unit, system type, or network configuration, but one determined form is generally used for one system.

The preamble stores synchronization information, a state of a reception channel, information for synchronization of a frame, and the like.

ID is information for distinguishing a Device ID of the slave terminal 300.

The header includes a MAC header including transmission power, transmission data rate, information for network configuration between the host terminal 400 and the slave terminal 300, and physical layers such as error correction, encoder type, and decoder type of the physical layer. There is a Phy header with relevant information.

The payload is data such as information to be transmitted and a signal for distance measurement.

7 is a diagram illustrating ranging processing between a host terminal 400 and a slave terminal 300 in a ranging system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Here, the PNC is a host terminal 400, the DEVn is a slave terminal 300, and the slave terminal 300 transmits a request according to a request of the host terminal 400, and processing time (difference between transmission and reception times). Can be calculated to find the distance from it.

8 is a flowchart illustrating an operation procedure of a ranging system according to an embodiment of the present invention. A description with reference to FIG. 8 is as follows.

First, the host terminal 400 transmits a packet signal requesting a response to the slave terminal 300 that wants to measure the distance, and detects a transmission time point (S710).

 The slave terminal 300 checks the ID in the transmitted packet and compares it with its ID to check whether the corresponding packet signal is transmitted to the slave terminal (S720).

The slave terminal 300 receives the packet signal transmitted to itself, and transmits a response including its information to the host terminal 400 (S730).

Then, the host terminal 400 receives the response of the slave terminal 300, checks the reception point of the signal and calculates the propagation time between the host terminal 400 and the slave terminal 300 (S740).

9A and 9B are graphs illustrating a method of measuring propagation time according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Here, the propagation time is calculated by performing steps (S710) to (S740) at once as shown in FIG. 9A, or calculating the average time by performing the steps (S710) to (S740) N times as shown in FIG. 9B. Can be.

The latter average time method takes more time to calculate the average time due to the repetition, but has the advantage of improving the accuracy by calculating the average of the propagation delay times.

As such, the propagation time may be calculated by the following equation (1) or (2). Equation 1 calculates a transmission time with one pulse or packet, and Equation 2 calculates a transmission time with N pulses or packets.

는 슬레이브 단말기(300)가 호스트 단말기(400)의 호출신호 수신 후 그에 대한 응답을 보내기까지 소요되는 시간,

는 펄스 지연 시간으로 호스트 단말기(400)에서 슬레이브 단말기(300)로 호출신호를 보내는데 걸리는 시 간,

는 슬레이브 단말기(300)가 호스트 단말기(400)로 응답신호가 도달되는 데 걸리는 시간이다.here,

Is the time required for the slave terminal 300 to send a response after receiving the call signal of the host terminal 400,

Is the time required to send a call signal from the host terminal 400 to the slave terminal 300 with a pulse delay time.

Is the time taken for the slave terminal 300 to reach the host terminal 400 with the response signal.

Next, the difference between the transmission time and the reception time is calculated (S740), and the distance between the host terminal 400 and the slave terminal 300 is calculated as shown in Equation 3 (S750).

Here, D is the distance between the host terminal 400 and the slave terminal 300, C is the speed of propagation, Δt is the propagation movement time between the host terminal 400 and the slave terminal 300.

Meanwhile, when signals are transmitted at the same period, transmission / reception power between the host terminal 400 and each slave terminal 300 is changed. This is because the transmission period of the transmission / reception signal decreases when the distance between the host terminal 400 and the slave terminal 300 is close, and the transmission period of the transmission / reception signal increases when the distance is far.

은 변화할 수 있다. That is, as shown in FIG. 9A, the signal transmission period Δt between the designated host terminal PNC and the designated slave terminal DEVn may be changed. Signal transmission cycle

Can change.

Accordingly, when the distance between the host terminal 400 and the slave terminal 300 is far, it is preferable to shorten the transmission / reception period and to control the transmission / reception power in the same manner by lengthening the transmission / reception period when the distance is close.

10 is a flowchart illustrating an operation procedure of a pulse period modulation method according to an embodiment of the present invention. A description with reference to FIG. 10 is as follows.

First, N (2? N) T or more NT cycles or less digital signals whose cycles increase or decrease according to the input data are output (S101).

At this time, T is equal to or greater than the reciprocal of the maximum frequency of transmission / reception and the reciprocal of the minimum frequency of transmission / reception.

Subsequently, a rising edge or a falling edge of the synchronous digital signal for generating a pulse is detected (S102).

Next, the shape of the pulse and the mixed modulation method are determined (S103).

Here, the shape is determined by the number, frequency, amplitude, and waveform of the pulses allocated per digital signal, and the mixed modulation method is a non-mixed, pulse period and pulse amplitude modulation mixed type and pulse period, which are pure pulse period modulation, and Phase modulation mixed, pulse period and frequency modulated mixed, pulse period and CDMA modulated mixed.

In operation S104, a pulse having a shape and a mixed modulation method determined in synchronization with the rising edge or the falling edge is generated.

Thereafter, the receiver demodulates the received pulse period modulated signal in a coherent, semi-coherent, and non-coherent manner.

The configuration of the present invention has been described above with reference to the preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings. However, these are only examples and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and equivalent other embodiments are possible therefrom, and the true scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the technical spirit of the appended claims.

1 is a block diagram showing a pulse period modulation device according to the present invention.

2A-2C are waveform diagrams illustrating pulse period modulated signals according to the present invention;

3A to 3C are block diagrams showing a pulse period demodulation device according to the present invention;

4 is a block diagram illustrating a Ranging system in which a pulse period modulation technique is used in accordance with the present invention.

5 is a block diagram showing the network configuration of a Ranging system according to the present invention.

6 is a transmission and reception packet structure diagram of a ranging system according to the present invention;

7 illustrates ranging processing between a host terminal and a slave terminal in a ranging system according to the present invention.

8 is a flowchart illustrating an operation procedure of a ranging system according to the present invention.

9A and 9B are graphs illustrating a method of measuring propagation time according to the present invention.

10 is a flowchart showing the operation procedure of the pulse period modulation method according to the present invention.

<Description of main parts of drawing>

110: code generator 120: controller

130: pulse generator

Claims (20)

A code generator for outputting N (2 ≤ N) T period digital signals whose period increases or decreases according to input data; A controller for instructing pulse generation in synchronization with the digital signal; A pulse generator for generating pulses according to the instructions, And outputting the pulse period modulated signal. The method of claim 1, wherein the input data is digital data of 0 or 1, The code generator, If the input data is 0, and outputs a digital signal in which the pulse period increases in a predetermined unit in the range of T or more and NT or less, And a pulse period modulation device outputting a digital signal in which the pulse period decreases in a predetermined unit in a T or more range than NT when the input data is 1. The method of claim 1, wherein the input data is digital data of 0 or 1, The code generator, If the input data is 0, a digital signal is output in which the pulse period is reduced in units of T in a T or more range below NT. If the input data is 1, the pulse period modulation device characterized in that for outputting a digital signal in which the pulse period is increased in a fixed unit. The method of claim 1, wherein T is A pulse period modulation device characterized in that it is equal to or more than the inverse of the maximum frequency of transmission and reception. The method of claim 1, wherein the controller, A synchronizer for detecting a rising edge or a falling edge of the digital signal; A control unit instructing an operation of the pulse generator in synchronization with the rising edge or the falling edge Pulse period modulation device comprising a. The method of claim 1, wherein the pulse, A pulse period modulation device, characterized in that it is generated in consideration of the number, frequency, amplitude, and waveform allocated per digital signal. The method of claim 1, wherein the pulse generator, And a pulse period modulation device characterized by modulating the pulses by a pulse period modulation and a pulse amplitude modulation method. The method of claim 1, wherein the pulse generator, Pulse period modulation device characterized in that for modulating the pulse by pulse period modulation and phase modulation method. The method of claim 1, wherein the pulse generator, Pulse period modulation device characterized in that for modulating the pulse by pulse period modulation and frequency modulation method. The method of claim 1, wherein the pulse generator, Pulse period modulation device characterized in that for modulating the pulse by pulse period modulation and CDMA modulation. The method of claim 1, wherein the pulse period modulated signal, High speed data transmission, UWB, Ranging system Pulse period modulation device, characterized in that used in a communication scheme comprising a. The method of claim 1, wherein the pulse period modulated signal, Coherent, Semi-Coherent, Non-Coherent Demodulation in a manner comprising a pulse period modulation device. (a) outputting N (2 ≦ N) T period digital signals whose period increases or decreases according to the input data; (b) detecting a rising edge or a falling edge of the digital signal; (c) generating a pulse period modulated pulse in synchronization with the rising edge or the falling edge Pulse period modulation scheme comprising a. The method of claim 13, wherein in step (a), T is a reciprocal of the maximum frequency of transmission and reception or less than the reciprocal of the minimum frequency of transmission and reception. The method of claim 13, wherein in step (a), If the input data is 0, and outputs a digital signal in which the pulse period increases in a predetermined unit in the range of T or more and NT or less, If the input data is 1, the pulse period modulation method characterized in that for outputting a digital signal in which the pulse period is reduced in a predetermined unit in the T or more than NT range. The method of claim 13, wherein in step (a), If the input data is 0, the digital signal outputs a pulse period in which the pulse period decreases in a predetermined unit in the T or less range. If the input data is 1, the pulse period modulation method characterized in that for outputting a digital signal in which the pulse period increases in a predetermined unit in the range of T or more and NT or less. The method of claim 13, wherein step (c) comprises: (c-1) determining the shape of the pulse and the mixed modulation method; (c-2) generating pulses of the shape and the mixed modulation scheme in synchronization with the rising edge or the falling edge; Pulse period modulation scheme comprising a. The method of claim 17, wherein in the step (c-1) the shape is, Number, frequency, amplitude and waveform of the pulses allocated per digital signal Pulse period modulation scheme, characterized in that determined based on. The method of claim 17, wherein the mixed modulation scheme in the step (c-1), Unmixed, purely pulsed-period modulation, mixed-mixed pulse-period and pulse-amplitude modulation, mixed-mixed pulse-period and phase modulation, mixed-mixed pulse-period and frequency modulation, mixed-mixed pulse-period and CDMA modulation Pulse period modulation method, characterized in that any one of. The method of claim 13, wherein after step (c), The pulse period modulated signal sent and received is, Coherent, Anti-Coherent, Non-Coherent Pulse period modulation scheme characterized in that the demodulation in a manner comprising.

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