KR100878685B1 - Surge Protector for Data / Signal - Google Patents
Surge Protector for Data / Signal Download PDFInfo
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- KR100878685B1 KR100878685B1 KR1020060029443A KR20060029443A KR100878685B1 KR 100878685 B1 KR100878685 B1 KR 100878685B1 KR 1020060029443 A KR1020060029443 A KR 1020060029443A KR 20060029443 A KR20060029443 A KR 20060029443A KR 100878685 B1 KR100878685 B1 KR 100878685B1
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- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 67
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- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
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- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/20—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for electronic equipment
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Abstract
통신라인에 유입되는 과전압(Transient)과 지속 과전압(Surge)등으로 총칭 서지전압이 유입되었을 때 즉, 과도전압을 차단하여 전기, 전자, 고속화되어 있는 다양한 기기를 보호하기 위한 것이다.It is to protect electric, electronic and high speed devices by cutting off the transient voltage when the generic surge voltage flows due to transient and continuous surge that flows into the communication line.
본 발명은 보호 장비의 사용 전압보다 높고, 빠른 과도전압이 유입되면 적정전압 이하로 방전하는 과도전압스위칭부와, 이를 통해서 유입되는 빠른 펄스의 과도전압을 완만한 펄스로 지연, 제한하는 과도전압지연부와, 과도전압지연부를 통한 잔류 과전압을 차단부에 적절히 분배, 제한하는 잔여전압분배부와, 분배, 제한된 과도전압을 특정전압 이하로 차단하는 과전압차단부와, 유효전압까지 차단하는 특정전압차단부와 차단된 전압은 검출하는 전압검출부와, 메인접지를 통해 유입되는 과도전압을 적정전압이하로 차단하는 역과도전압스위칭부로 구성된다.The present invention is higher than the operating voltage of the protective equipment, the transient voltage switching unit for discharging below the appropriate voltage when the rapid transient voltage flows in, and transient voltage delay for delaying and limiting the transient voltage of the rapid pulse flowing through it to a gentle pulse Residual voltage distribution section that appropriately distributes and limits the residual overvoltage through the transient voltage delay section, the overvoltage cutoff section that cuts the distribution and the limited transient voltage below a specific voltage, and the specific voltage cutoff that cuts the effective voltage. The negative and blocked voltages include a voltage detecting unit for detecting and a reverse transient voltage switching unit for blocking a transient voltage flowing through the main ground below an appropriate voltage.
따라서, 발명은 통신라인에 유입되는 과도전압을 제한, 분배부를 통해서 유효전압까지 차단, 캐패시턴스 값이 낮고, 반응속도가 빠른 소자를 사용하여 신호감쇄효과를 보상 하였고, 메인접지를 통해서 유입 되는 과도전압을 방전하였고, 전압검출부로 차단된 전압을 표시하여 서지보호기의 차단효과와 신뢰성이 개선된 장치에 대한 것이다.Therefore, the present invention limits the transient voltage flowing into the communication line, blocks the effective voltage through the distribution unit, compensates the signal attenuation effect by using a device having a low capacitance value and a fast response speed, and transient voltage flowing through the main ground. It is a device for improving the blocking effect and reliability of the surge protector by discharging and displaying the voltage cut off by the voltage detector.
과도전압, 데이터/신호, TVS, 저항, 정전용량, 전압검출부 Transient Voltage, Data / Signal, TVS, Resistance, Capacitance, Voltage Detector
Description
도 1은 종래의 데이터/신호용 보호회로 구성도,1 is a block diagram of a conventional data / signal protection circuit;
도 2는 본 발명에 따른 데이터/신호용 보호회로 블록도,2 is a block diagram of a protection circuit for data / signal according to the present invention;
도 3은 본 발명에 따른 데이터/신호용 보호회로 구성도,3 is a block diagram of a protection circuit for data / signal according to the present invention;
※ 도면의 주요한 부분에 대한 부호의 설명※ Explanation of code about main part of drawing
I1, I2 : 데이터/신호용 보호기의 입력I1, I2: Input of data / signal protector
O1, O2 : 데이터/신호용 보호기의 출력O1, O2: Output of data / signal protector
PTC1, PTC2 : 히터코일, PTC저항PTC1, PTC2: Heater Coil, PTC Resistance
U1, U2, U3 : 가스 서지 어레스터(gas surge arrestor)U1, U2, U3: gas surge arrestor
R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9 : 저항R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9: Resistance
MOV1, MOV2 : 산화금속 바리스터(Metal Oxide Varistor)MOV1, MOV2: Metal Oxide Varistor
P1, P2, P3, P4 : TVS(Transient Voltage Suppressor), TrnasZorbP1, P2, P3, P4: TVS (Transient Voltage Suppressor), TrnasZorb
BR1 : 브릿지 다이오드BR1: Bridge Diode
LD1 : LED 다이오드LD1: LED Diode
Q1, Q2 : 트랜지스터(TR)Q1, Q2: transistor (TR)
Frame GND, Singnal GND : 메인접지, 통신접지Frame GND, Singnal GND: Main Ground, Communication Ground
본 발명은 낙뢰 혹은 전력계통 서지전압이 통신라인을 통해 유입되었을 때 민감한 전자 통신기기를 과도전압으로 부터 차단하여, 통신기기를 보호하는 서지보호기에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a surge protector that protects a communication device by blocking a sensitive electronic communication device from a transient voltage when a lightning or power system surge voltage is introduced through a communication line.
통상, 서지보호기라 함은 자연적인 낙뢰현상이나, 전력 계통, 또는 대형 산업설비등을 통해서 발생되는 이상 과도전압이 전원과 통신, 신호, 선로를 통하여 장비 측으로 유입되어 장비를 손상 시키거나 오동작을 유발하며, 장시간에 걸친 장비의 스트레스로 인하여 수명을 단축시키며, 수시로 내부 소자의 손상, 기능 저하 등을 초래하는 현상을 방지하는 보호기를 말한다. In general, surge protector is a natural lightning phenomenon or abnormal transient voltage generated through power system or large industrial equipment, and flows into the equipment through power, communication, signal, and line to damage the equipment or cause malfunction. It is a protector that shortens the lifespan due to the stress of the equipment for a long time and prevents the phenomenon of damaging the internal device and degrading the function from time to time.
도 1은 종래의 데이터/신호용 보호회로 구성도이다. 1 is a block diagram of a conventional data / signal protection circuit.
종래의 보호회로(도1)는 각 입력라인에 과전압흡수용 어레스터(U1, U2)와 히터코일(PTC1, PTC2), 과전압차단용 산화금속 바리스터(MOV1, MOV2)로 구성되어 있다. The conventional protection circuit (Fig. 1) is composed of overvoltage absorbing arresters U1 and U2, heater coils PTC1 and PTC2, and metal oxide varistors MOV1 and MOV2 for overvoltage interruption.
이와 같이 구성된 종래의 보호기는 통신라인에 과도전압이 유입되는 경우 과전압흡수용 어레스터(U1, U2)를 통해 과도전압을 흡수하여 접지에 방전하고, 방전된 과도전압은 지연용량을 가진 히터코일(PTC1, PTC2), 혹은 저항용량을 가진 소자를 통해 억제되고, 이를 통한 과도전압은 과전압차단용 산화금속 바리스터(MOV)에 차단되어 보호할 수 있다. The conventional protector configured as described above absorbs the transient voltage through the overvoltage absorbing arresters U1 and U2 when the transient voltage is introduced into the communication line, and discharges it to the ground, and the discharged transient voltage is a heater coil having a delay capacity. PTC1, PTC2) or a device having a resistive capacitance is suppressed, and the transient voltage through this can be protected by blocking the overvoltage blocking metal oxide varistor (MOV).
그러나 종래의 기술은 높은 과도전압에 적합한 보호기로 이런 과도전압은 차단은 가능하지만, 낮은 과도전압은 완전히 차단할 수 없고, 접지를 통해 유입되는 역과도전압에 대한 보호회로가 없으며, 정전용량(Capacitance) 높은 소자를 사용하여 회선부하(Line-Load) 영향으로 전자, 고속화 되는 다양한 기기들에 적용이 힘들며, 보호기와 통신라인을 상태를 점검할 수 없는 다양한 문제점이 있다.However, the conventional technology is a protector suitable for high transient voltages, but such transient voltages can be blocked, but low transient voltages cannot be completely blocked, and there is no protection circuit against reverse transients flowing through the ground. It is difficult to apply to various devices that are electronic and high speed due to the effect of line load by using high device, and there are various problems that the state of protector and communication line cannot be checked.
그러므로 본 발명은 종래의 서지보호기의 취약성을 보안 가능하게 통신선로에 유입되는 높은 과도전압의 차단과 이 후에 통과되는 낮은 과도전압을 완벽하게 차단하고, 전기, 전자, 고속화되는 다양한 기기에 적용 가능한 호환성과, 보호기와 통신선로 상태 점검이 가능한 서지 보호기를 제공함에 있다.Therefore, the present invention completely blocks the high transient voltage flowing into the communication line and the low transient voltage passed thereafter to secure the vulnerability of the conventional surge protector, and is compatible with various devices that are electrically, electronic, and high speed. And a surge protector capable of checking the state of the communication line with the protector.
상기 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명은, 다단계의 보호부를 구성 되며, 통신선로에 유입되는 전압보다 높은 과도전압을 접지로 방전하는 어레스터로 이루어진 과도전압스위칭부와; 어레스터에서 방전하는 높은 과도 전압을 지연 제한하는 저항으로 이루어진 과도전압지연부와; 잔여 과도전압을 차단이 용의 하도록 적절히 분배, 제한하는 낮은 저항으로 구성된 잔여전압분배부와; 분배, 제한된 과도전압을 일정전압까지 차단하는 TVS 양방향 소자로 구성된 과전압차단부와; 특정전압까지 차단된 과도전압은 유효전압까지 차단하는 TVS 양방한 소자로 구성된 특정전압차단부와; 메인 접지를 통해 허용범위 이상으로 유입되는 과전압전압을 방전하는 어레스터로 이루어진 역과도전압스위칭부와; 유효전압까지 차단된 전압을 검출하는 전압검출부로 구성됨을 특징으로 한다.The present invention for achieving the above object is a multi-stage protection unit, transient voltage switching unit consisting of an arrester for discharging the transient voltage higher than the voltage flowing into the communication line to the ground; A transient voltage delay unit comprising a resistor for delay-limiting the high transient voltage discharged from the arrestor; A residual voltage distribution section configured of a low resistance for appropriately distributing and limiting the residual transient voltage to facilitate interruption; An overvoltage cut-off unit configured of a TVS bidirectional device for blocking distribution and limited transient voltages to a predetermined voltage; The transient voltage blocked up to a specific voltage is a specific voltage blocking unit composed of both TVS element for blocking up to the effective voltage; A reverse transient switching unit made of an arrester for discharging the overvoltage voltage introduced into the allowable range through the main ground; It is characterized by consisting of a voltage detector for detecting a voltage blocked up to the effective voltage.
본 발명의 기술은 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 상세히 기술하기로 한다. The technique of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
도면 2은 본 발명에 따른 데이터/신호 보호회로 블록도이고, 도면 3은 도 2상세 회로도이다. 2 is a block diagram of a data / signal protection circuit according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a detailed circuit diagram of FIG.
이 회로의 과도전압기능을 설명하면, 상술한 과전압스위칭부(10)는 가스 서지 어레스터(U1, U2)를 사용하여 라이트닝성 300V ± 20% 이상의 높은 과도전압을 적정 전압까지 방전하며, 비교적 빠른 micro-sec 범위 내에 차단 특성과 수pf정도의 낮은 캐패스턴스로 보통 100MHz이하에서는 낮은 삽입손실을 가지고 있다. Referring to the transient voltage function of this circuit, the above-mentioned
그리고, 어레스터(U1, U2)는 과도전압 방전시에 순간적인 에너지를 흡수하기 때문에 20~40V의 전압 강하가 발생 된다. 즉, 스위칭 소자는 방전시에 라이트닝성 arc에 의해 Bust형태를 가진 빠른 펄스가 형성된다. 때문에 직렬 연결된 저항과 TVS소자를 이용 통신선로의 동작 전압이하로 떨어지지 않도록 사용된다. Since the arresters U1 and U2 absorb instantaneous energy during the transient voltage discharge, a voltage drop of 20 to 40 V is generated. That is, in the switching element, a fast pulse having a burst shape is formed by the lightening arc during discharge. Therefore, it is used not to fall below the operating voltage of communication line by using series connected resistor and TVS element.
이때, 과도전압스위칭부를 통해 방전된 과도전압은 과도전압지연부(20) 및 잔여전압분배부(21)로 유입되고, micro-sec 이하의 빠른 펄스 특성의 과도전압은 직렬로 연결된 저항(R1~R4)을 통해서 순차적으로 완만한 펄스로 지연된다. At this time, the transient voltage discharged through the transient voltage switching unit flows into the transient
여기서, 직렬로 연결된 복수의 저항(R1~R4)은 방전시 전압강하 현상을 제한하는 특징과, 피크전압을 줄이 과도파형의 기울기를 감소, nano-sec정도로 펄스를 지연시키고, 낮은 저항(R3~R4)은 라이트닝성 과도전압을 차단 가능한 상태로 유지, 분배를 시켜준다. Here, the plurality of resistors R1 to R4 connected in series limit the voltage drop phenomenon during discharge, reduce the slope of the transient waveform by reducing the peak voltage, delay the pulse to about nano-sec, and lower the resistance (R3). ~ R4) maintains and distributes lightening transient voltage in a breakable state.
여기서, 순차적으로 지연된 과도전압은 병렬로 연결된 TVS(P1~P4)를 통해 과전압차단부(30)는 nano-sec의 과전압을 차단하고, 특정전압차단부(31)는 Pico-sec의 빠른 펄스의 과전압을 차단하다. Here, the sequentially delayed transient voltages are over-voltage cut-off
이때, 사용된 TVS(P1~P4)는 통상 TransZorb소자를 사용하고, 과도현상 억제를 위해 특별히 설계된 실리콘 소자로 통합적인 히터싱크를 가지는 넒은 영역의 상하(P-N)을 포함하고, 짧은 주기, 높은 전압 펄스(1m-sec에 1,500Watt, 100nano-sec에 100,000Watt)억제와 nano~pico-sec의 반응속도, 낮은 전압(6V~200V)까지 차단하는 특징을 가지고 있으며, 캐피시턴스(C)는 수pF으로서 매우 낮은 값을 가지고 있어 전기, 전자, 고속화되는 다양한 기기에 적용가능하다. 하지만 단 방향 소자이므로 +, - 전하되는 과도전압을 차단하기 위해 보통 2개의 소자를 사용해야 되고, 최대 흡수능력이 다른소자에 비해 부족하다. 본 서지보호기에 사용된 TVS 문제점을 해결한 양방향, 흡수능력을 개선한 TVS소자를 복수로 사용하여 이러한 문제점을 완전히 해결하였고, 안정 한계 차단 값, 즉 유효전압까지 TVS전압과 직렬로 연결된 저항에 따라 실질적인 과도전압차단을 하는 매우 중요한 특징을 가지고 있다. At this time, the TVS (P1 to P4) used is a silicon device specially designed for suppressing the transient phenomenon using a TransZorb device, and includes the upper and lower portions (PN) of a short region having an integrated heater sink, and have a short period and a high voltage. Pulse (1,500Watt at 1m-sec, 100,000Watt at 100nano-sec) suppression, nano-pico-sec response rate, and low voltage (6V ~ 200V) are cut off. Capacitance (C) It has a very low value as pF, which can be applied to a variety of electrical, electronic, and high speed devices. However, because it is a unidirectional device, two devices are usually used to block the transient voltages that are charged with + and-, and the maximum absorption capacity is insufficient compared to other devices. This problem is completely solved by using a plurality of TVS devices with improved bi-directional and absorbing power that solves the TVS problem used in this surge protector.The stability limit cutoff value, that is, the resistance connected in series with the TVS voltage up to the effective voltage It has a very important characteristic of making a substantial transient break.
그리고 유효전압까지 차단된 과도전압은 전원검출회호(40)를 통해서 출력된다. And the transient voltage cut off to the effective voltage is output through the power supply detection signal (40).
이때, 전원검출회로(40)에 입력(I1,I2)전압은 브릿지 다이오드(BR1)을 통해 에 상관없이 +, - 전압으로 자동 감지되고, 입력전압이 기준치 이상일 경우 저항(R5)를 통하여 TR(Q1)의 베이스에 공급되어 Q1이 동작, 바이어스 저항(R6)의 전위를 TR(Q2)의 동작전압 아래로 내려 Q2를 단선시킴으로서 LED소자가 소등되고, 얻어진 값이 기준치 이하일 경우 저항(R6, R8)을 통해 TR(Q2)의 베이스에 공급 TR(Q2)가 동작하고, Q2의 컬렉터 전위가 0V로 내려가 저항(R7)을 통해 전원이 공급되고 LED소자가 점등된다. 즉, 통신선로의 정격전압 이내 에서는 램프(LED)가 소등 상태로 정상상태를 나타내며, 전압이 하강하여 낮아지면 LED가 점등되어 단선, 소자의 파괴등 이상 발생을 표시하여, 정확한 입력전압의 기준치를 지시하게 되도록 설계되었다. At this time, the input (I1, I2) voltage to the power
마지막으로 역과도전압스위칭부(11)은 메인접지(FG) 통해 유입되는 과도전압을 완전하게 차단한다.
이때, 사용된 어레스터(U3)는 과도전압, 즉 직격뢰 혹은 자연적인 주위 환경에 의해 대지임피던스가 상승, 전력 계통의 부하 개폐, 스위칭등에 의해 메인접지(FG)로 과도전압이 유입될 수 있는데, 메인접지(FG)와 신호접지(SG) 사이에 어레스터(U3)를 사용하여 허용범위 이상 유입되는 과도전압을 방전시키고, 방전되는 과도전압은 TVS(P1~P4)소자를 통해서 과전압의 유입을 완전하게 차단한다.Finally, the reverse transient
At this time, the used arrester (U3) is transient voltage, that is, the ground impedance may be increased by direct lightning or natural surroundings, the transient voltage may flow into the main ground (FG) by switching the load of the power system, switching, etc. Using the arrester U3 between the main ground (FG) and the signal ground (SG), the transient voltage flowing over the allowable range is discharged, and the discharged transient voltage flows through the TVS (P1-P4) device. Block completely.
상술한 바와 같이 본 발명은 따른 바람직한 실시 예를 설명하였지만, 본 발명은 청구범위에서 청구하는 요지를 벗어남이 없고, 상기한 실시 예에 한정되지 않으며, 당해 발명이 속하는 분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자라면 누구든지 다양한 변경 실시가 가능하고, 그와 같은 변경은 청구 범위 기재의 범위 내에 있게 된다. As described above, the present invention has been described in accordance with the preferred embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described claims, and is not limited to the above-described embodiment, those skilled in the art to which the invention belongs. Anyone can make various changes, and such changes are within the scope of the claims.
종래의 보호기는 과도전압을 완화 수준의 피해를 경감시키는 수준이고, 본 발명은 과도전압을 방전, 차단시 과도전압의 제한부, 분배부에 의해 차단 효과 높이고, 보호 소자의 부하를 완충 시켰고, 캐패스턴스가 낮은 소자를 사용함으로 데이터/신호 감쇄를 최소화 하였으며, 전원검출을 통한 신호 검출이 가능하고, 접지에 유입되는 과도전압을 차단 함으로써 과도전압을 완벽하게 보호할 수 있다는 효과와 신뢰성이 있다.The conventional protector is a level to reduce the damage of the transient voltage mitigation level, the present invention is to increase the blocking effect by the limiting part, the distribution part of the transient voltage when discharging, interrupting the transient voltage, buffer the load of the protection element, It has the effect and reliability of minimizing data / signal attenuation by using low-passance element, detecting signal through power detection, and completely protecting transient voltage by cutting off transient voltage to ground.
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| KR100906305B1 (en) * | 2008-11-21 | 2009-07-07 | 이준일 | Surge voltage suppressor for bidirectional suppression |
| KR101296142B1 (en) * | 2012-02-27 | 2013-08-19 | 주식회사 티지오 | Surge protecting device |
| KR101456569B1 (en) * | 2014-05-09 | 2014-11-13 | 진화전기통신주식회사 | Surge protector |
| CN118659295A (en) * | 2024-08-21 | 2024-09-17 | 乐清市伊世康贝电气有限公司 | A surge backup protector |
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| KR19980055853A (en) * | 1996-12-28 | 1998-09-25 | 박병재 | Molding method of valve seat |
| KR200355644Y1 (en) | 2004-02-12 | 2004-07-07 | (주)지성시스텍스 | Data/Signal Surge Protector |
| KR20060026673A (en) * | 2004-09-21 | 2006-03-24 | 주식회사 케이티 | Overcurrent and Overvoltage Protection Circuits |
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| KR19980055853A (en) * | 1996-12-28 | 1998-09-25 | 박병재 | Molding method of valve seat |
| KR200355644Y1 (en) | 2004-02-12 | 2004-07-07 | (주)지성시스텍스 | Data/Signal Surge Protector |
| KR20060026673A (en) * | 2004-09-21 | 2006-03-24 | 주식회사 케이티 | Overcurrent and Overvoltage Protection Circuits |
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| KR101058303B1 (en) * | 2009-05-20 | 2011-08-22 | 한국오므론전장주식회사 | Overvoltage Breaker |
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