KR100775877B1 - 공기 분리를 위한 극저온 증류 장치 - Google Patents
공기 분리를 위한 극저온 증류 장치 Download PDFInfo
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- KR100775877B1 KR100775877B1 KR1020000028001A KR20000028001A KR100775877B1 KR 100775877 B1 KR100775877 B1 KR 100775877B1 KR 1020000028001 A KR1020000028001 A KR 1020000028001A KR 20000028001 A KR20000028001 A KR 20000028001A KR 100775877 B1 KR100775877 B1 KR 100775877B1
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- argon
- column
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- stream
- low pressure
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- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04436—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using at least a triple pressure main column system
- F25J3/04454—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using at least a triple pressure main column system a main column system not otherwise provided, e.g. serially coupling of columns or more than three pressure levels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
- F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
- F25J3/0409—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of oxygen
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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- F25J3/04351—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of nitrogen
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- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
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- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04642—Recovering noble gases from air
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- F25J3/04654—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column
- F25J3/04709—Producing crude argon in a crude argon column as an auxiliary column system in at least a dual pressure main column system
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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- F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
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- F25J2240/10—Expansion of a process fluid in a work-extracting turbine (i.e. isentropic expansion), e.g. of the feed stream the fluid being air
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- F25J2240/28—Expansion of a process fluid in a work-extracting turbine (i.e. isentropic expansion), e.g. of the feed stream the fluid being argon or crude argon
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- F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
- F25J2240/40—Expansion without extracting work, i.e. isenthalpic throttling, e.g. JT valve, regulating valve or venturi, or isentropic nozzle, e.g. Laval
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S62/00—Refrigeration
- Y10S62/923—Inert gas
- Y10S62/924—Argon
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
흐름 | 1 | 31 | 33 | 36 | 72 | 85 | 80 |
유량 | 1000 | 70 | 145 | 138 | 365 | 420 | 7 |
압력(bar abs) | 15.1 | 5.02 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 4.69 | 2.78 | 1.24 |
온도(℃) | 45 | -164.3 | -164.6 | -180.5 | 40.1 | 40.1 | -183.9 |
몰분율 | |||||||
질소 | 0.7811 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.9982 | 0.9928 | 0.0000 |
아르곤 | 0.0093 | 0.0049 | 0.0516 | 0.0047 | 0.0008 | 0.0028 | 0.9771 |
산소 | 0.2096 | 0.9951 | 0.9484 | 0.9953 | 0.0010 | 0.0049 | 0.0229 |
Claims (46)
- 극저온 증류에 의해 공기를 분리하는 방법으로서,상부에서는 제1 질소 농후 흐름으로 저부에서는 제1 산소 농후 흐름으로 분리하는 고압 증류탑(101)에 압축, 냉각 및 정제된 공기를 공급하는 단계와,상기 제1 산소 농후 흐름의 적어도 일부를 중압 증류탑(102)에 공급하여 그 상부에서는 제2 질소 농후 흐름을 저부에서는 제2 산소 농후 흐름을 생성하고, 상기 제2 질소 농후 흐름 중 적어도 일부를 저압 증류탑(103) 및 아르곤 증류탑(104)의 탑정 응축기(27) 중 어느 하나 또는 양자 모두에 이송하고, 제2 산소 농후 흐름 중 적어도 일부를 저압 증류탑에 이송하는 단계와,저압 증류탑의 저부에서는 제3 산소 농후 흐름으로 상부에서는 제3 질소 농후 흐름으로 분리하는 단계와,저압 증류탑의 저부 리보일러(8)에 상기 저부 리보일러(8)를 가열하는데 사용되는 가열 기체를 이송하는 단계와,상기 제3 산소 농후 흐름(31)의 적어도 일부를 인출하는 단계와,저압 증류탑으로부터 3 내지 20 mol%의 아르곤을 함유하는 제1 또는 제2 아르곤 농후 흐름(33, 41)을 인출하는 단계와,탑정 응축기를 구비하는 아르곤 증류탑에 상기 제1 또는 제2 아르곤 농후 흐름(33, 41)을 이송하고, 아르곤 증류탑의 상부에서 상기 제1 또는 제2 아르곤 농후 흐름(33, 41)보다 아르곤이 풍부한 천연 아르곤 흐름(80)을 회수하며, 아르곤 증류탑의 저부에서 산소 농후 생성물 흐름으로서 제4 산소 농후 흐름(36)의 적어도 일부를 인출하는 단계를 포함하며,상기 아르곤 증류탑은 저압 증류탑의 압력보다 0.5 bar 이상 낮은 압력에서 작동하며,상기 제3 산소 농후 흐름(31) 및 제4 산소 농후 흐름(36)이 동일한 순도를 가지며, 제3 산소 농후 흐름(31)을 아르곤 증류탑의 저부로 이송하는 단계와, 제3 산소 농후 흐름과 제4 산소 농후 흐름을 혼합하는 단계와, 이 흐름들을 증발압으로 함께 펌핑하는 단계를 포함하는 것인 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 제2 질소 농후 액체 흐름(25)의 적어도 일부를 저압 증류탑(103)으로 이송하는 단계와, 중압 증류탑(102)의 탑정 응축기(13)에서 제2 산소 농후 액체 흐름(20)의 일부를 적어도 부분적으로 증발시키는 단계와, 적어도 부분적으로 증발된 제2 산소 농후 흐름의 적어도 일부분과 제2 산소 농후 액체의 일부분을 저압 증류탑(103)으로 이송하는 단계를 포함하는 것인 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 아르곤 증류탑은 기체 흐름에 의해 가열되는 저부 리보일러(23)를 구비하는 것인 방법.
- 제3항에 있어서, 상기 기체 흐름은 95 mol% 이상의 질소를 함유하는 것인 방법.
- 제4항에 있어서, 상기 아르곤 증류탑의 저부 리보일러를 가열하는 기체 흐름은 제1 질소 농후 흐름과, 제2 질소 농후 흐름과, 그리고 제3 질소 농후 흐름 중 하나의 적어도 일부인 것인 방법.
- 제5항에 있어서, 제3 질소 농후 흐름 중 적어도 일부를 압축하여, 이것을 가열 기체로서 아르곤 증류탑의 저부 리보일러(23)로 이송하는 단계를 포함하는 것인 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 제1 또는 제2 아르곤 농후 흐름(33, 41)을 저압 증류탑으로부터 액체 형태로 인출하는 단계를 포함하는 것인 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 제2 아르곤 농후 흐름(41)을 저압 증류탑의 저부에서 인출하는 단계를 포함하는 것인 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 생성물로서 천연 아르곤 흐름(80) 및 제3 산소 농후 흐름(31)중 어느 하나 또는 양자 모두를 인출하는 단계를 포함하는 것인 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 제3 산소 농후 흐름은 95 mol% 이상의 산소를 함유하며, 천연 아르곤 흐름은 95 mol% 이상의 아르곤을 함유하는 것인 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 저압 증류탑의 저부 위의 최대 5개의 이론상 트레이에서 제1 또는 아르곤 농후 흐름(33, 41)을 인출하는 단계를 포함하는 것인 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 제4 산소 농후 흐름은 95 mol% 이상의 산소를 함유하는 것인 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 저압 증류탑의 상부로부터 아르곤 증류탑의 탑정 응축기(27)로 질소 농후 액체를 이송하는 단계를 포함하는 것인 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 고압 증류탑의 상부로부터 아르곤 증류탑의 탑정 응축기(27)로 질소 농후 액체를 이송하는 단계를 포함하는 것인 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 저압 증류탑(103)의 저부 리보일러(8)용 가열 기체는 고압 증류탑으로부터의 질소 농후 기체 또는 공기인 것인 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 저압 증류탑은 3 내지 7 bar에서 작동하는 것인 방법.
- 삭제
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 중압 증류탑(102)은 저부 리보일러(11)를 구비하는 것인 방법.
- 제18항에 있어서, 고압 증류탑으로부터 중압 증류탑의 저부 리보일러(11)로 질소 농후 기체를 이송하는 단계를 포함하는 것인 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 제2 질소 농후 유체의 적어도 일부와 제2 산소 농후 유체의 적어도 일부 중 어느 하나 또는 양자 모두를 저압 증류탑으로 이송하기 전에 적어도 부분적으로 증발시키거나 냉각시키는 단계를 포함하는 것인 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 공기를 중압 증류탑(102)과 저압 증류탑(103) 중 어느 하나 또는 양자 모두로 이송하는 단계를 포함하는 것인 방법.
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 아르곤 증류탑은 최대 2% 기체 상태의 공급을 받는 것인 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 응축 질소 농후 흐름의 적어도 일부를 아르곤 증류탑의 저부 리보일러(23)로부터 아르곤 증류탑의 탑정 응축기(27)로 이송하는 단계를 포함하는 것인 방법.
- 극저온 증류에 의해 공기를 분리하는 장치로서,고압 증류탑(101)과, 중압 증류탑(102)과, 저부 리보일러(8)를 구비하는 저압 증류탑(103), 그리고 탑정 응축기(27)를 구비하는 아르곤 증류탑(104)을 포함하며, 고압 증류탑에 공기를 이송하는 관과, 고압 증류탑으로부터 중압 증류탑으로 제1 산소 농후 액체 중 적어도 일부를 이송하는 관과, 중압 증류탑의 저부로부터 저압 증류탑으로 제2 산소 농후 유체를 이송하는 관과, 중압 증류탑의 상부로부터 저압 증류탑 및 아르곤 증류탑의 탑정 응축기 중 어느 하나 또는 양자 모두로 제2 질소 농후 유체를 이송하는 관과, 저압 증류탑의 저부 리보일러에 상기 저부 리보일러를 가열하는데 사용되는 가열 기체를 이송하는 관과, 저압 증류탑으로부터 제3 산소 농후 유체를 인출하는 관과, 고압 증류탑으로부터 저압 증류탑으로 질소 농후 액체를 이송하는 관과, 저압 증류탑으로부터 아르곤 증류탑으로 제1 또는 제2 아르곤 농후 흐름을 이송하는 관과, 아르곤 증류탑의 상류에서 제1 또는 제2 아르곤 농후 흐름(33, 41)을 팽창하기 위한 팽창 수단과, 아르곤 증류탑으로부터 천연 아르곤 흐름(80)을 인출하는 관, 그리고 아르곤 증류탑으로부터 제4 산소 농후 흐름을 인출하고 생성물 흐름으로서 제4 산소 농후 흐름의 적어도 일부를 인출하는 관을 포함하며,제3 및 제4 산소 농후 흐름을 혼합한 후 증발압으로 펌핑하는 수단과, 제3 산소 농후 흐름(31)을 아르곤 증류탑(104)으로 이송하는 관을 포함하는 것인 장치.
- 제29항에 있어서, 아르곤 증류탑은 저부 리보일러(23)를 구비하는 것인 장치.
- 제30항에 있어서, 저압 증류탑으로부터 아르곤 증류탑(104)의 저부 리보일러(23)로 제3 질소 농후 흐름을 이송하는 관을 포함하는 것인 장치.
- 제31항에 있어서, 제3 질소 농후 흐름을 아르곤 증류탑의 저부 리보일러에 이송하기 전에 압축하는 압축기(81)를 포함하는 것인 장치.
- 제29항 내지 제32항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 저압 증류탑의 탑정으로부터 아르곤 증류탑의 탑정 응축기(27)로 질소 농후 액체를 이송하는 관을 포함하는 것인 장치.
- 제29항 내지 제32항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 제2 아르곤 농후 흐름(41)을 인출하는 관이 저압 증류탑의 저부에 연결되는 것인 장치.
- 삭제
- 제29항 내지 제32항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 제1 아르곤 농후 흐름(33)을 인출하는 관이 저압 증류탑의 중간 높이 지점에 연결되는 것인 장치.
- 제29항 내지 제32항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 제2 질소 농후 액체 및 제2 산소 농후 액체 중 어느 하나 또는 양자 모두를 저압 증류탑에 이송하기 전에 적어도 부분적으로 증발시키거나 냉각시키는 수단을 포함하는 것인 장치.
- 제29항 내지 제32항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 중압 증류탑은 저부 리보일러(11)를 구비하는 것인 장치.
- 제38항에 있어서, 고압 증류탑으로부터 중압 증류탑의 저부 리보일러(11)로 질소 농후 기체를 이송하는 이송 수단을 포함하는 것인 장치.
- 제29항 내지 제32항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 중압 증류탑이 탑정 응축기(13)를 구비하는 것인 장치.
- 제40항에 있어서, 중압 증류탑의 탑정 응축기에 제2 산소 농후 유체의 적어도 일부를 이송하는 이송 수단을 포함하는 것인 장치.
- 제29항 내지 제32항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 중압 증류탑 및 저압 증류탑 중 어느 하나 또는 양자 모두에 공기를 이송하는 이송 수단을 포함하는 것인 장치.
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 삭제
- 제29항 내지 제32항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 팽창 수단은 밸브인 것인 장치.
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US9/317,959 | 1999-05-25 |
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ATE356326T1 (de) * | 2001-12-04 | 2007-03-15 | Air Prod & Chem | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur kryogenischen luftzerlegung |
US7827794B1 (en) * | 2005-11-04 | 2010-11-09 | Clean Energy Systems, Inc. | Ultra low emissions fast starting power plant |
JP2009516149A (ja) * | 2005-11-17 | 2009-04-16 | レール・リキード−ソシエテ・アノニム・プール・レテュード・エ・レクスプロワタシオン・デ・プロセデ・ジョルジュ・クロード | 深冷蒸留によって空気を分離する方法および装置 |
FR2990019A1 (fr) * | 2012-10-12 | 2013-11-01 | Air Liquide | Procede et appareil de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique |
JP5655104B2 (ja) | 2013-02-26 | 2015-01-14 | 大陽日酸株式会社 | 空気分離方法及び空気分離装置 |
EP3757493A1 (de) * | 2019-06-25 | 2020-12-30 | Linde GmbH | Verfahren und anlage zur gewinnung eines stickstoffreichen und eines sauerstoffreichen luftprodukts unter einsatz einer tieftemperaturzerlegung von luft |
US11512897B2 (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2022-11-29 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Fluid recovery process and apparatus |
CN113154796B (zh) * | 2021-03-23 | 2022-12-09 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | 一种回收氧氮资源的可变多循环氧氮冷能利用装置及方法 |
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- 1999-05-25 US US09/317,959 patent/US6276170B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-05-15 CA CA002308810A patent/CA2308810C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-05-16 ZA ZA200002402A patent/ZA200002402B/xx unknown
- 2000-05-19 ES ES00201781T patent/ES2233278T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-05-19 AT AT00201781T patent/ATE282808T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-05-19 EP EP00201781A patent/EP1055893B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-05-19 DE DE60015849T patent/DE60015849T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-05-23 JP JP2000151596A patent/JP2000346546A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-05-24 KR KR1020000028001A patent/KR100775877B1/ko not_active Expired - Lifetime
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US4883516A (en) * | 1987-04-07 | 1989-11-28 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Air separation |
EP0694745A1 (en) * | 1994-07-25 | 1996-01-31 | The BOC Group plc | Air separation |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6276170B1 (en) | 2001-08-21 |
EP1055893B1 (en) | 2004-11-17 |
ZA200002402B (en) | 2000-11-16 |
DE60015849T2 (de) | 2005-10-27 |
ES2233278T3 (es) | 2005-06-16 |
JP2000346546A (ja) | 2000-12-15 |
DE60015849D1 (de) | 2004-12-23 |
ATE282808T1 (de) | 2004-12-15 |
EP1055893A1 (en) | 2000-11-29 |
KR20010049396A (ko) | 2001-06-15 |
CA2308810C (en) | 2007-07-17 |
CA2308810A1 (en) | 2000-11-25 |
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