KR100634218B1 - Column Mobile Machine Tools with Shielded Workspace - Google Patents

Abstract

After the left and right moving distances of the main shaft 1 are maintained at the same size as in the related art, the left and right widths of the bed 1 are reduced, and the width of the upper part of the apparatus is reduced. The front and rear guide rails 2 are installed on the bed 1, and the transfer rails 3 are installed to be moved back and forth through the guide rails 2, and the column 6 is placed on the transfer rails 3. And a first cover plate (25) on each of the left and right sides of the shanghai route of the spindle (10) as a machine tool in which the main shaft (10) is movable in the column (6). In addition to the fixing, the side cover plate 26 is extended to be installed at the outer end edge of the first cover plate 25 so as to bend backward, and the first cover plate 25 and the side cover plate 26 are also provided. ) Is installed on the front side of the second cover plate 32, the second cover plate 32, which is located on the front side of the column and covers the front surface of the moving range of the column 6, in a fuselage form with the feed table 3, A shielding work space SK is formed.

Description

COLUMN MOVING TYPE MACHINE TOOL WITH SHIELD MACHINING SPACE

The present invention relates to a column moving machine tool with a shielded work space.

As a machining center which forms a kind of a column type machine tool, what exists as shown in FIG. 13 exists.

1 is a bed, the upper surface 1a of this is enlarged, and the column support surface 1b is formed in a part of upper surface 1a. 2 and 2 are forward and backward guide rails fixed to the column support surface 1b.

3 is a conveyance table slidably coupled to the front-rear direction guide rails 2 and 2, and is operated by the motor 4 in the front-rear direction f1.

The left and right guide rails 5 and 5 are fixed to the transfer table 3, and the column 6 is coupled to the guide rails 5 and 5 so as to be slidably displaceable, so that the left and right directions are provided by the motor 7. f2).

The spindle 6 is provided in the column 6 in the front-rear direction, and the motor 9 is made to operate | move a fixed orbital image up and down.

At this time, the spindle device 8 rotates the main shaft 10 in the front and rear direction, the front end of which is the cutting tool mounting end, the bearing cylinder 11 supporting the main shaft 10, and the main shaft 10. It consists of a motor 12 to make.

The front surface of the column 6 is provided with a standing cover wall 13 in a left and right direction in a shape without gaps against scattering of cutting powder or coolant, and the cover wall 13 is formed on the left and right sides of the main shaft 10. It consists of the left and right stretch cover walls 14 and 14 fixed to each side, and the longitudinal stretch cover wall 15 provided on the vertical movement path of the main shaft 10. As shown in FIG.

At this time, the left and right stretching wall 14 is formed by overlapping the plurality of plate-like body 14a formed by bending the upper and lower ends of the metal plate in the shape of a claw so as to be slidably displaceable in the left and right directions, and also in the vertical direction. 15 consists of overlapping the some metal plate 15a so that sliding displacement of the up-down direction was possible.

16 is a box-shaped casing provided to cover the column 6 on the upper surface 1a of the bed 1, and the space which becomes the front of the standing cover wall 13 inside the casing 16 is a shielding work space SK. The jig | tool support 17 for fixing a jig is provided in the front inner side of this shielding work space SK.

18 is a front and rear stretchable cover device mounted on the front surface of the transfer table 3 so as to cover the guide rail 2, and is formed by overlapping a plurality of mountain-shaped metal plates 18a so as to be slidably displaced in the front and rear directions f1. Thus, the state in which the guide rails 2 and 2 are covered is maintained without regard to the forward and backward movement of the column 6.

In addition, an automatic tool changer (ATC) is installed in a suitable place such as above the box-shaped casing 16, for example.

When the workpiece is machined by the machining center, the workpiece is fixed at a specific location on the jig support 17, for example, after inputting predetermined information into a control apparatus not shown, the operation is started. As a result, the necessary motors 4, 7, 9 are operated so that the main shaft 10 is operated in the front, rear, left and right directions, or in the vertical direction, and under this condition, the tool mounted on the tip of the main shaft 10 is combined with the main shaft 10. The motor 12 is rotated to automatically cut the work piece.

During this machining, the rotation of the tool and the spindle are scattered around the workpiece, and in the case of the coolant processing in which the coolant is supplied during the machining, the coolant is scattered, and the coolant thus scattered is Runt acts to disperse cutting chips.

The above-mentioned cutting powder falls on the stretchable cover device 18 or the like, but is not directly deposited on the guide rails 2 and 5, and the cutting powder toward the column 6 is a standing cover wall 13 in the left-right direction. ), The column 6 does not penetrate from the front of the column 6 to the rear, so that the column 6 smoothly moves back and forth, and the main shaft 10 also operates up and down without any problems.

In the above-described conventional machining center, since the stretchable cover walls 14 and 14 in the left and right directions overlap the plurality of plate-like bodies 14a so as to be slidably displaceable in the left and right directions, the stretchable cover walls 14 and 14 are provided. Even when the) is shortened to the shortest state, a relatively large left and right space for them to exist is required, which causes the machine tool to have a relatively long left and right length relative to the left and right displacement amount of the column 6, resulting in a compact device. Contrary to the spirit of anger, in relation to this, the width of the shielding work space SK increases, thereby increasing the labor of cleaning the cutting powder and the like. Since 18a is formed so that sliding displacement of the front-back direction f1 is possible so that it may be formed over a long period of time, the cutting powder may be divided into It will occur happen to slamming the riding portion interfering with the smooth sliding displacement of the mountain-shaped plate body (18a).

An object of the present invention is to provide a column moving machine tool with a shielding work space by eliminating such a situation.

In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, a pair of left and right front and rear guide rails are provided on the upper surface of the bed, and the feed rails can be moved back and forth through the guide rails, and the column is moved left and right on the feed rails. The machine tool is installed so that the main shaft in the front and rear direction can be moved to the front of this column, and the first cover plate is fixed to the left and right sides of the shank east path of the main shaft from the front of the column, At the outer edge of the plate, the side cover plate is successively installed to bend backward by the guide action of the guide means formed between this and the transfer table, and is also located in front of the first cover plate and the side cover plate, The second cover plate, which covers the front surface of the column's moving range in the state where the main shaft is allowed to move up and down and to the left and right, is installed in the fuselage shape with the transfer table. To, and is in the first configuration the shield Peacock space in front of the second cover plate is formed.

According to this, since the side cover plate operates to bend in the front-rear direction with respect to the first cover plate by the guiding action of the guide means when the column is moved in the left and right directions, the first cover plate and the side cover plate are about the left and right width of the conveying table. The size is limited to within the range of to represent the cutting function of the cut off of the front range of the column required for these. As a result, the left and right widths of the shielding work space end up close to those of the conveyance table.

In addition, the first cover plate and the side cover plate reliably prevent the cutting powder generated in the shielding work space from being scattered to the rear side of the column front side by being associated with the second cover plate.

The invention is embodied as follows.

That is, the 2nd cover plate is made to cover the front surface of a conveyance base, and it is set as the structure which made the lower edge close to the bed upper surface.

According to this, the cutting cover thrown off by the rotation of the tool mounted on the main shaft effectively blocks the cutting powder from the front side of the carriage, so that the cutting powder is more effectively prevented from flying backward than the front surface of the carriage. do.

In addition, a tool changer is provided at an upper column position at a position higher than the ceiling wall portion surrounding the upper surface of the shielding work space, wherein the ceiling wall portion is a fixed ceiling wall portion which is in the shape of a bed and a fuselage, And a movable ceiling wall portion arranged in a polymerized shape and fixed to the column and the fuselage, and the movable ceiling wall portion forms an opening and closing port at a position associated with the tool changer, thereby providing the fixed ceiling wall portion and the movable portion. The ceiling wall portion is relatively displaced so as to change their polymerization amount in association with the forward and backward movement of the column, and the opening and closing port is configured to be opened and closed when the tool mounted on the main shaft is replaced.

According to this, since the shielding work space is formed by the ceiling wall portion whose upper surface is lower than that of the tool changer, the range which is soiled by scattering of cutting powder becomes narrower than when the ceiling wall portion is higher than the tool changer, and the opening The work by the spindle head is carried out under the closed state, so that the scattering of cutting chips reaching the tool changer is avoided.

Further, a longitudinal opening is formed in the front wall which surrounds the front surface of the shielding work space, the upper edge being higher than the movable ceiling wall portion, and the vertical opening in the jig support upper portion of the fixed ceiling wall portion, Forming a working opening consisting of the formed horizontal opening, and having a standing door surface portion for covering the longitudinal opening and a rear protruding door surface portion for covering the horizontal opening, It is set as the structure mounted so that opening and closing of the direction is possible.

According to this, by opening the door, the opening is opened to the front and the top of the jig to which the working opening is fixed to the jig support, and the opening is such that the workpiece fixed to the jig in the lower structure of the ceiling wall is fixed to the shielding work space. We contribute in facilitating work to carry in and out.

Further, the fixed ceiling wall portion is formed of a plate member having a high horizontal ceiling surface portion, a standing ceiling surface portion, and a low horizontal ceiling surface portion in order from the front side, and the horizontal opening is formed from the standing ceiling surface portion to the low horizontal ceiling surface portion. The rear projecting ceiling surface portion of the style is formed along the transverse opening.

According to this, the upper surface of the shielding work space is lowered, which leads to a reduction in the volume of the shielding work space, thereby reducing the effort of internal cleaning.

In addition, the rail cover member which covers the range required for the front-back movement of a conveyer of each front-and-rear direction guide rail is firmly installed in the front side of a conveyer in the shape which protrudes on a conveyance body, and a body forward, The rail cover member is constructed so that it is not elastically deformed.

According to this, when the cutting powder produced in the shielding work space falls, a part of those cutting powder reaches the upper surface of the rail cover member. Even if a part of the cutting powder reached here is deposited on the rail cover member, the rail cover member is not stretched and deformed, so that the accumulated cutting powder does not cause damage to the elastic deformation of the rail member.

In addition, a jig support is provided at the front side of the shielding work space, and a jig support cover member having a horizontal surface portion covering the upper surface portion of the support and a rising surface portion covering the rear portion of the support is provided. To the upper surface of the bed and to form a notch in the standing surface portion, the front of the rail cover member is inserted into the lower side of the jig support cover member through this notch so as to be movable back and forth.

According to this, the jig support cover member prevents the cutting powder from scattering on the upper surface of the jig support or below it, and the presence of the jig support cover member does not prevent the rail cover member from moving forward and backward. .

Moreover, it is set as the structure which provided the brush means by scraping off the cutting powder which exists in the upper surface of the said rail member to the upper part of the said notch part. According to this, the situation where the cutting powder which fell on the rail cover member penetrates into the lower part of the jig support cover member through between the notch and the rail cover member is prevented by the brush means.

1 is a perspective view showing a periphery of a vertical cover wall of a column-type machining center according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a perspective view showing the periphery and the like of the bending cover device of the machining center.

3 is a perspective view showing a second cover plate, a fixed ceiling wall portion, and the like of the machining center.

4 is a perspective view showing a state in which the casing and the writing style of the machining center are excluded.

5 is an overall perspective view of the machining center.

6 is a perspective view showing a plate member of a fixed ceiling wall portion of the machining center.

7 is a perspective view illustrating a second cover plate, a moving ceiling wall portion, and the like of the machining center.

8 is a perspective view showing a state in which the casing of the machining center is removed.

9 is a perspective view illustrating the periphery of the rail cover member of the machining center.

10 is a perspective view illustrating a modification of the machining center.

It is a perspective view for demonstrating the state which closed the style body by the said modification.

It is a perspective view for demonstrating the state which opened the style body by the said modification.

Fig. 13 is a perspective view showing a conventional column moving type machining center.

1 to 9 show a column moving type machining center as an embodiment of a machine tool according to the present invention. In the following description, the description will be mainly focused on different points from those in the prior art.

As shown in FIG. 1, 15 A of longitudinal stretch cover walls which transformed the conventional longitudinal stretch cover wall 15 are provided in the left and right width center places of the front part of the column 6. As shown in FIG.

To describe the detailed structure of the longitudinally stretchable cover wall 15A, a pair of guide groove members are provided at the front surface of the column 6 that forms the left and right sides of the bearing cylinder 11 rotatably supporting the main shaft 10. (19a, 19b) is fixed to a standing shape. Between the guide grooves c1 and c1 of the pair of guide groove members 19a and 19b, which is the upper side of the bearing cylinder 11, the upper cover plate 20a is coupled to be displaced vertically so that the lower edge thereof is connected to the bearing cylinder ( 11) is bound to the top half. In addition, two lower cover plates 21a and 21b are disposed between the pair of guide groove members 19a and 19b to be the lower side of the bearing cylinder 11 to guide one pair of the lower cover plates 21a to each other. The upper and lower displacements are coupled between the guide grooves c1 and c1 of the groove members 19a and 19b so that the upper edge thereof is coupled to the lower half of the bearing cylinder 11, and the other lower cover plate 21b is attached. The pair of guide grooves 19a and 19b is coupled to the top and bottom displacement between the guide grooves (c2, c2) formed in parallel to the front side of the guide grooves (c1, c1).

And when the bearing cylinder 11 rises from the lowest position, the said one lower cover plate 21a will be upshifted from the lowest position only independently, and the lower edge of this will be in the lowest position as shown in FIG. When the upper edge of the lower cover plate 21b located on the other side is reached, the lower edge of the lower cover plate 21a on one side is caught by the upper edge of the lower cover plate 21b on the other side so that the two lower cover plates are closed. 21a and 21b operate so as to be displaced upwardly on the fuselage, and on the contrary, when the bearing cylinder 11 descends from its highest value, the one lower cover plate 21a covers the other lower cover from its highest value. If the other lower cover plate 21b first reaches its lowest position and the lowering of the lower cover plate 21b is restricted during the down displacement with the plate 21b, the lower edge of the lower cover plate 21a is different. The lower cover plate 21b on the side is separated from the upper edge, and thereafter, only one of the lower cover plates 21a operates so as to be displaced downward. In addition, the upper cover plate (20a) is composed of the vertical displacement in conjunction with the vertical displacement of the bearing cylinder (11).

Here, 22 is a plate member to which the left and right guide groove members 19a and 19b are coupled, and 23 is a coupling piece for fixing each guide groove member 19a and 19b to the column 6.

As shown in FIG. 2, the bent cover devices 24 and 24 according to Japanese Patent No. 3168328 are provided on the left and right sides of the vertical movement path of the main shaft 10, that is, the left and right sides of the longitudinal stretch cover wall 15A. Is formed.

The detailed structure of these cover devices 24 and 24 will be described in the upper and lower portions of the bearing cylinder 11 at approximately the full width of this portion in the front surface portion of the column 6 on the left and right sides of the longitudinally stretchable cover wall 15A. The rectangular first cover plates 25 and 25 are fixed by covering the vertical range in the vertical direction corresponding to the movement range. At the outer side end edges of the first cover plates 25 and 25, side cover plates 26 and 26 are formed between the side cover plates 26 and the conveyer 3 on the left and right sides. It is provided to bend backwards by the guide action of 27).

In detail, the side cover plates 26 and 26 are mounted on the outer end edges of the first cover plates 25 and 25 via hinged joints 28 so as to be able to swing back and forth. The guide means 27 and 27 are formed in correspondence with the side cover plates 26 and 26, and the guide means 27 and 27 are guide mechanisms 27a formed above and below the side cover plate 26. 27b), and a pair of upper and lower guide plates 29 and 29 having a planar hook shape are fixed to the standing support members 30 fixed to the side of the transfer table 3, and formed on each guide plate 29. A roller 31 protruding from the upper and lower edges of the corresponding side cover plate 26 is inserted into the 1/4 arc-shaped guide path 29a. In addition, a spring, not shown, is tightened between the vicinity of the center of curvature of the circumferential path 29a of the 1/4 arc shape and the support shaft of the roller 31, and the side cover plate 26 is opened by the pressing force of the spring. It is tensioned so as to swing backward.

As shown in FIG. 3, in the front side of the vertical stretch cover wall 15A and the left and right curved cover devices 24 and 24, a substantially rectangular planar second cover plate 32 made up of a plurality of flat plates is provided on the transfer table 3. It is fixed to the fuselage with. The second cover plate 32 matches its left and right widths to approximately the entire width of the feed table 3 so that the upper edge is approximately equal to the uppermost value of the bearing cylinder 11, and the lower portion is lower than the feed table 3. To the inner side of the dropping hole d of the planar quadrangular drop hole formed in the bed 1, and also to allow the bearing cylinder 11 to move up and down and to the left and right directions. It consists of having the perforation e of the phase.

And as shown in FIG. 4, the tool changer 33 is arrange | positioned at the upper front side of the said column 6, and is fixed to the column 6 and fuselage shape.

The detailed structure of the tool changer 33 will be described with an apparatus frame portion 34 fixed to the column 6, and a rotary member supported by the frame portion 34 and rotating around the front-rear axis g. While having a tool-supporting rotating part 35, a pair of left and right side cover members 36a and 36b are fixed to the front surface of the apparatus frame part 34, and between the lower ends of these side cover members 36a and 36b. Is a passage h of the bearing cylinder 11.

At this time, the tool support rotating part 35 is formed by forming a plurality of tool holding parts 35a around the front and rear axis g, and holding one tool for each tool holding part 35a.

When the tool 37 mounted on the main shaft 10 is replaced, first, the tool support rotating part 35 rotates around the front and rear axis g so that the tool holding part 35a in the empty state is located at the lowest position. On one side, the main shaft 10 moves to a position corresponding to the tool holding portion 35a in an empty state, and then the relation between the tool supporting rotating portion 35, the tool holding portion 35a, and the main shaft 10 is related. Operating, so that the tool 37 mounted on the main shaft 10 is pulled out and gripped by the tool holder 35a in the empty state, and then the tool support rotating part 35 is circumferentially around the front-rear axis g. Again, the tool holding part 35a holding the tool 37 to be used next is moved to the lowest position, after which the tool supporting rotating part 35, the tool holding part 35a and the main shaft 10 ) Is operated so that the tool 37 gripped by the tool holding part 35a at the lowest position is mounted on the spindle 10. It consists of

As shown in FIG. 5, the shielding work space SK is formed in front of the said 2nd cover plate 32, and the detailed structure is demonstrated next.

A casing 38 having a vertical rectangular cylinder shape is fixed to the outer periphery of the upper surface of the bed 1 by the front, rear, left and right, and the left and right widths of the casing 38 substantially coincide with the left and right widths of the feed table 3. And its height is substantially coincident with the top of the device frame 34 of the tool changer 33. And the ceiling wall part 39 is formed in the specific height position inside the casing 38, This ceiling wall part 39 consists of the fixed ceiling wall part 40 and the movable ceiling wall part 41. As shown in FIG.

At this time, the fixed ceiling wall portion 40 secures the plate member 42 made of a width approximately equal to the left and right widths of the bed 1 on the front upper portion of the casing 38, and as shown in FIG. 42 is a high horizontal ceiling surface portion 42a having a relatively small front and rear length, a standing ceiling surface portion 42b having dimensions related to the height of the longitudinal opening j2 described later, and a low horizontal ceiling surface portion having a relatively large front and rear length. (C) is formed in this order from the front side, and the horizontal opening j1 is formed at the center of the left and right widths in the range from the standing ceiling surface portion 42b to the low horizontal ceiling surface portion 42c. The door guide member 43 is fixed to the rear end edge of the horizontal ceiling surface portion 42c.

And the moving ceiling wall part 41 is fixed to the column 6 and the fuselage shape lower than the tool changer 33, and is arrange | positioned in this and polymerization shape on the upper side of the said fixed ceiling wall part 40, The opening and closing hole 44 is formed at a position associated with the tool changer 33. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, the left and right pairs of rectangular ceiling plates 45a and 45b protrude horizontally forward from the upper edge of the second cover plate 32 and each rectangular ceiling plate ( The outer edge of 45a, 45b is matched with the outer edge corresponding to the 2nd cover plate 32, and it is shown in FIG. 7 at the opening k location formed between right and left rectangular ceiling plates 45a, 45b. Likewise, a pair of left and right rectangular horizontal door plates 47a and 47b are arranged, and the left and right driving units 46a and 46b are formed by forming the rectangular horizontal door plates 47a and 47b on the left and right sides of the front surface of the column 6. Proximity between the left and right directions is installed so that the opening k is closed by the close operation of the rectangular horizontal door plates 47a and 47b, and the opening k is closed by their operation. It consists of an open configuration.

As shown in FIG. 5, the front wall 38a of the casing 38 has a relatively large rectangular longitudinal opening j2 associated with the horizontal opening j1 (FIG. 6) formed in the plate member 42. The longitudinal opening j2 and the horizontal opening j1 are associated with each other to form a working opening. This working opening is made to be opened and closed by the operation of a pair of left and right doors 48a and 48b, and each door 48a and 48b has a standing door portion along the longitudinal opening j2 as shown in FIG. (m1) and the rear projecting door portion (m2) along the lateral opening (j1), and the lower edge of the standing door portion (m1) to the front wall (38a) of the casing (38) or jig support cover ( The left and right directions are displaceably supported by the door guide member 50 supported by 49, and the rear end edge of the rear protruding door surface portion m2 is guided by the door guide member 43 so as to be displaceable in the left and right directions. It is. At this time, the rear protruding door surface portion m2 includes a high horizontal door surface portion m20, a standing door surface portion m21, and a low horizontal door surface portion m22 to follow the shape of the plate member 42. The left and right doors 48a and 48b are linked such that the other door 48a is displaced in a symmetrical manner by displacing one door 48b from side to side.

In the above structure, the front wall 38a of the casing 38 and the left and right doors 48a and 48b, and the left and right side walls 38b and 38c on the bed 1 in front of the second cover plate 32, And the space surrounded by the ceiling wall portion 39 constitute the shielding work space SK.

As shown in FIG. 5, the jig | tool support 51 is provided in the front part in the shielding work space SK, and the jig | tool support cover member 49 is firmly provided in connection with this support 51. As shown in FIG. This jig support cover member 49 is provided with the horizontal surface part 49a which covers the upper surface part of the jig support 51, and the standing surface part 49b which covers the back part of this support 51, and also the jig support ( 51, the jig 52 is fixed, and the site | part except the workpiece loading part n of this jig 52 consists of the state covered with the horizontal surface part 49a of the jig support cover member 49. As shown in FIG.

Moreover, as shown in FIG. 9, the rail cover members 54a and 54b are fixed to the front cantilever shape in the front-right direction guide rail by the coupling member 53 and 53 as shown in FIG. It consists of covering (2, 2). Each of the rail cover members 54a and 54b is formed of a single rigid member having a cross-sectional shape, so that the elastic deformation due to sliding of the member as in the prior art does not occur, and each rail cover as shown in FIG. The length of the members 54a and 54b is such that the tip of the rail cover members 54a and 54b is standing up of the jig support cover member 49 while the feed table 3 is located at the rearmost position of the front and rear movement range. It consists of being inserted below the horizontal surface part 49a through the notch p formed in the surface part 49b. At this time, the brush means shown in the figure which scrapes off the cutting powder which exists in the upper surface of the said rail cover member 54a, 54b is provided in the upper part of the said notch p location. As the brush means, a rubber plate, a soft resin plate, or a brush is used.

Next, the operation and the like of the present invention configured as described above will be described.

When the main shaft 10 is moved up and down together with the bearing cylinder 11, the upper cover plate 20a and the lower cover plates 21a and 21b of the vertical cover wall 15A are displaced in the vertical direction and the cutting powder The main shaft 10 or the like is allowed to move while forming a blocking surface for the back. In addition, when the column 6 moves in the left and right directions f2, the left and right side cover plates 26 of the bent cover devices 24 and 24 are operated so as to be bent in the front and rear directions with respect to the left and right first cover plates 25. Thus, the left and right movement of the column 6 is allowed while the blocking surface for cutting powder or the like is formed on the left and right sides of the longitudinal cover wall 15A. Therefore, even if the main shaft 10 moves to an arbitrary position within the constant movement range of the up and down and left and right directions, the longitudinal cover wall 15A and the bent cover device are located behind the through hole e of the second cover plate 32. The shielding surface for the cutting powder by 24 and 24 is always formed.

On the other hand, when the feed table 3 moves in the front-back direction f1, the main shaft 10 is moved in the front-back direction f1 on the fuselage with the column 6 and the 2nd cover plate 32, and at this time, right and left Rail cover members 54a and 54b are also moved back and forth with the column 6 to cover the front and rear guide rails 2 and 2 even when the column 6 is at an arbitrary position in the forward and backward movement range. .

When bringing the workpiece | work w into the shielded work space SK, one of the left and right doors 48a and 48b which consist of the closed state shown in FIG. The styles 48a and 48b are half-displaced and open. Under this open state, substantially all of the work openings j1 and j2 are opened, so that the upper and front sides of the workpiece loading portion n of the jig 52 are greatly opened. It is possible to bring the workpiece (w) onto the workpiece stack (n) without hitting it. In addition, the opening of the work loading part n above facilitates the use of a crane or the like in carrying in the heavy work w.

After fixing the work w to the apparatus loading part n, the left and right doors 48a and 48b are closed by returning the door 48b to the original state, and then, the tool fixed to the main shaft 10 The work w is machined at 37. During the processing of the workpiece w, the cutting powder is blown off by the tool 37 which rotates together with the main shaft 10 in the shielding work space SK and scattered in various directions. (38) Front wall 38a and left and right side walls 38b and 38c, and styles 48a and 48b, ceiling wall portion 39, second cover plate 32, longitudinal cover wall 15A, and bent Impingement on the cover devices 24, 24 and further scattering outward is prevented.

At this time, the second cover plate 32, the vertical cover wall 15A, and the bent cover devices 24 and 24 have the cutting powder behind the front of the column 6 even when the main shaft 10 is located at any position. It will surely prevent it from scattering.

Then, the cutting powder scattered in this way is guided to the jig support cover member 49, the rail cover members 54a and 54b or the upper surface of the bed 1, and then discharged downward through the drop hole d. do. At this time, the jig support cover 49 prevents cutting chips from entering the portion except the workpiece mounting portion n of the jig 52 or the jig support 51, and the rail cover members 54a and 54b Regardless of the forward and backward movement of the column 6, cutting powder is reliably prevented from being deposited on the forward and backward guide rails 2 and 2.

In the case of mist processing or coolant processing, the coolant is scattered like the cutting powder, but in this case, the coolant is scattered to the outside of the shielding work space SK according to the cutting powder. .

When the tool 37 mounted on the main shaft 10 is replaced by the tool changer 33, the rotation of the main shaft 10 is stopped, and then the left and right driving devices 46a and 46b are operated. The rectangular horizontal door plates 47a and 47b are separated to open and close the opening and closing holes 44. After that, the main shaft 10 is raised to move to the tool changing position, whereby the tool 37 is replaced and mounted.

After the replacement mounting is completed, the main shaft 10 is lowered downward than the opening and closing hole 44, and the opening and closing hole 44 is closed. Thereby, the main shaft 10 will be in the state which can process with the tool 37 which was replaced and mounted.

Each side cover plate 26 of the above embodiment may be modified as follows, i.e., consisting of two or three cover element plates, and the side edges of these cover element plates are hinged together. It extends so that it can be bent through it, and it does not interfere with guiding each cover element board by the guide means 27. FIG. In order to eliminate the lump of each cover element plate in this case, it is necessary to make each cover element plate press-contact with the guide surface of the guide means 27 by a press means such as a spring.

Next, a modification of the surrounding style of the embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 to 12.

As shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11, the side door plates 56a and 56b are attached to the outer edges of the doors 48a and 48b via hinged joints 55 so as to be able to swing back and forth. And a pair of upper and lower guide plates 57 and 57 are provided corresponding to each of the side door plates 56a and 56b, and these guide plates 57 and 57 are the front wall 38a and the side surface of the casing 38. It is fixed to the walls 38b and 38c, and the rollers 58 protruding from the upper and lower edges of the corresponding side door plates 56a and 56b are inserted into the arc-shaped guide paths 57a formed on the respective guide plates 57. have. Further, a spring, not shown, is tightened between the vicinity of the center of curvature of the arc-shaped guide path 57a and the support shaft of the roller 58, and the corresponding side door plates 56a and 56b are applied by the pressing force of the spring. Is tensioned so as to swing backward.

The longitudinal opening j20 formed in the front wall 38a of the casing 38 has a size slightly smaller than the left and right widths of the left and right side door plates 56a and 56b plus the left and right widths of the left and right doors 48a and 48b. In addition, the width of the right and left is much larger than the longitudinal opening j2 of the previous embodiment.

Other points consist of having followed the previous Example.

When opening the above-described styles 48a and 48b and the side styles 56a and 56b, as shown in Fig. 10, one of the styles 48b is moved outward to the right in the closed state. The styles 48a and 48b are interlocked with the side styles 56a and 56b so as to be separated in the left and right directions, and the left and right side styles 56a and 56b are guided by the corresponding guides when the amount of this excess exceeds a certain size. Guided to 57a and oscillated backward, and finally, as shown in Fig. 12, the respective side door plates 56a and 56b are turned back and forth, so that the doors 48a and 48b and the side doors 56a and 56b are completely. Open.

On the other hand, when closing the styles 48a and 48b and the side styles 56a and 56b, the reverse order of opening them is performed, whereby the styles 48a and 48b and the side styles 56a and 56b As shown in FIG. 11, it is closed completely.

In this way, when the peripheral structures of the writing pieces 48a and 48b are formed, a relatively large longitudinal opening j20 is formed without increasing the left and right widths of the front wall 38a of the casing 38, so that the shielding work space ( SK) will be greatly opened.

Claims (8)

On the upper surface of the bed (1), a pair of left and right guide rails (2) are installed, and the feed rails (3) can be moved back and forth through the guide rails (2). A machine tool in which the column 6 is provided to be movable left and right, and the main shaft 10 in the front-rear direction is provided on the front face of the column 6 so as to be movable. The first cover plate 25 is fixed to the left and right sides of the shanghai-dong path of the main shaft 10 at the front side of the column 6, and at the outer end edge of the first cover plate 25, the side cover plate ( 26 is installed so as to be bent backward by the guiding action of the guide means 27 formed between this and the transfer table 3, and also the front side of the first cover plate 25 and the side cover plate 26 A second cover plate 32 positioned on the feeder 3 to cover the front surface of the moving range of the column 6 on the feeder 3 in a state in which the up and down and left and right movements of the main shaft 10 are permitted. And a shielding work space (SK) formed on the front of the second cover plate (32), and having a shield work space. 2. The shielding work space according to claim 1, wherein the second cover plate 32 covers the front surface of the transfer table 3, and a lower edge thereof is adjacent to the upper surface of the bed 1. Column-type machine tool. A tool changer (33) is provided at an upper portion of a column at a position higher than the ceiling wall portion (39) surrounding the surface of the shielding work space (SK). Is a fixed ceiling wall portion 40 composed of a bed 1 and a fuselage shape, and a movable ceiling wall portion arranged up and down in a polymer shape close to the fixed ceiling wall portion 40 and fixed in a fuselage shape with the column 6 ( 41, and the movable ceiling wall portion 41 forms an opening and closing hole 44 at a position associated with the tool changer 33, and the fixed ceiling wall portion 40 and the movable ceiling wall portion. The shielding work space is characterized in that (41) is related to the forward and backward movement of the column 6, and their polymerization amount is changed, and the opening and closing hole 44 is opened and closed when the tool mounted on the main shaft 10 is replaced. Column-type machine tool. 4. The longitudinal opening (j2) according to claim 3, which is formed in the front wall (38a) of the casing (38) surrounding the shielding work space (SK) and whose upper edge is higher than the moving ceiling wall (41), and A working opening made of a horizontal opening j1 formed in relation to the vertical opening j2 is formed on a jig support 51 upper portion of the fixed ceiling wall portion 40, and the vertical opening is formed at this working opening location. The doors 48a and 48b provided with the standing door surface portion m1 for covering the directional opening j2 and the rear projecting door surface portion m2 for covering the lateral opening j1 are capable of opening and closing in the left and right directions. Column type machine tool with shielded work space, characterized in that the mounting. 5. The plate member 42 according to claim 4, wherein the fixed ceiling wall portion (40) is provided with a high horizontal ceiling portion (42a), a standing ceiling surface portion (42b), and a low horizontal ceiling portion (42c) in order from the front side. In addition, the horizontal opening j1 is applied from the standing ceiling surface portion 42b to the lower horizontal ceiling surface portion 42c, and the rear projecting ceiling surface portion m2 of the doors 48a and 48b is formed. A column-type machine tool with a shielding work space, characterized in that it has a shape along the transverse opening j1. 3. The carriage table (3) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rail cover members (54a, 54b) of the front and rear direction guide rails (2) covering a range required for the forward and backward movement of the carriage table (3) are covered. There is a shielding work space, which is installed on the front side of the feed table 3 and the fuselage shape and the shape of the protrusion forward, and the rail cover members 54a and 54b are not elastically deformed. Column movable machine tool. 7. The jig holder 51 is provided in the front of the shielding work space SK, and the horizontal surface portion 49a covering the upper surface portion of the support 51 and the standing surface portion covering the support 51 are according to claim 6. A jig support cover member 49 having a 49b is provided, and the bottom edge of the standing surface portion 49b is brought close to the upper surface of the bed 1, and a notch p is placed on the standing surface portion 49b. And a front surface of the rail cover members 54a and 54b is inserted into the lower side of the jig support cover member 49 so as to be movable back and forth through the notch p. Machine tools. 8. A shielding work space according to claim 7, wherein a brush means is provided for scraping and dropping the cutting powder existing on the upper surfaces of the rail members 54a and 54b above the notch p. Column movable machine tool.

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