KR100632154B1 - NRD Guide-Microstrip Line Converter - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an NRD guide and a microstrip line (hereinafter referred to as MSL) converter, wherein an NRD guide dielectric line, a mode sprayer, a dielectric block, a dielectric is provided between a metal upper and lower conductor plate with a half wavelength or less spacing of a use frequency. A feeder inserted into the block, a 3λ / 4 or λ / 4 matching transmission metal block through which the feedline passes, and an MSL substrate patterned with a signal line and a ground line are combined. This is a converter of NRD guide and MSL characterized in that the MMIC element is embedded in the signal line on the upper part of the MSL, and it can be used as a power amplifier and a low noise amplifier.

NRD Guide, Microstrip Line (MSL), Metal Block, Amplifier

Description

NRD guide-microstrip line transition

1 is a perspective view of a transducer of an NRD guide and an MSL

2 is a first plan view showing the converter of the NRD guide and the MSL

3 is a second plan view showing a converter of an NRD guide and an MSL

4 is a perspective view showing the structure of a 3λ / 4 and λ / 4 transmission metal block for MSL impedance matching and grounding

5 is a perspective view showing the structure of the MSL and the coplanar line (CPW)

6: Signal transmission characteristic graph of NRD guide and MSL converter

7 is a perspective view of an NRD guide and an MSL converter

Fig. 8: A perspective view showing the structure of the 3λ / 4 and λ / 4 transmission metal block for MSL impedance matching and grounding

9: Signal transmission characteristic graph of NRD guide and MSL converter

10 is a graph showing transmission characteristics of signal amplification gain of an NRD guide amplifier equipped with a low noise amplification HEMT element.

Fig. 11: Graph showing the transmission characteristics of the signal amplification gain of the NRD guide amplifier equipped with the power amplification HEMT element

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

1: upper conductor plate

2: lower conductor plate

3, 13: NRD Guide Dielectric Line

4, 14: mode sprayer

5, 15: dielectric block (PTFE)

6a, 6b, 16a, 16b: Feeder

7a, 7b: 3λ / 4 and λ / 4 transmission metal blocks for MSL

8: Dielectric substrates for MSL and coplanar (CPW)

9: signal line of MSL

10: ground line (GND)

17: 3λ / 4 and λ / 4 transmission metal blocks for MSL

19: microstrip signal line

At present, due to the development of low-loss optical fibers and development of semiconductor technology in wired communication, optical communication is continuously being used.In the wireless communication, ultra-high frequency for large-capacity communication is under progress due to the development of satellite communication, and sub-millimeter wave or millimeter wave The development of communicators in U.S. has become a very important task.

In wireless communication, as the frequency of use of the high frequency band is shifted to the millimeter wave band, the transmission loss becomes very large in the conventional microstrip line, and thus it is not suitable to implement a wireless communication system.

Non-radial-dielectric waveguides (NRD guides) that can be used in the millimeter wave band and can sufficiently suppress transmission losses generated by existing mitrostrip lines have already been proposed. Is going on.

In general, however, a non-radioactive dielectric line (NRD guide) can realize a very useful wireless communication system when combined with a passive element, but the active element is known to be very difficult to configure a conventional microstrip line. Attempt to construct an active device through signal conversion through the combination of MSL (Microstrip Line) and NRD guide.

Therefore, for signal transmission conversion without transmission loss between MSL and NRD guide line that can be implemented as a conventional active device, impedance matching problem of NRD guide and strip line, ground problem of strip line, and minimizing reflection loss through signal conversion And so on.

In addition, it is generally required to minimize the noise level of the communication system to obtain the best performance in the millimeter wave band wireless communication system using the NRD guide. Therefore, the power amplifier and low noise amplifier is an indispensable element in such a communication system, so its invention must be preceded.

In the present invention, in order to solve the above problems, a converter of the NRD guide and the MSL is configured, and an optimal method for realizing the same is as follows.

NRD guide dielectric line, mode sprayer, dielectric block, feeder inserted into dielectric block, metallic block and signal line through feeder line It is a structure in which the furnace and the ground line are patterned with the MSL substrate. This is for impedance matching between NRD guide and MSL board and external metal conductor boards (1, 2) to solve the reflection loss caused by signal conversion between MSL and NRD guide and grounding problem with external metal conductor board. It is a converter of NRD guide and MSL, which is composed of a metal block for grounding.

In the present invention, in order to implement the converter of the NRD guide and MSL that can be used in the millimeter wave band was configured by the following method.

NRD guide dielectric line, mode sprayer, dielectric block, feeder inserted in dielectric block, metal block and metal block through feeder line It is a structure in which a microstrip line (MSL) and a coplanar line (CPW) substrate in which a furnace and a ground line are patterned are combined.

1 is a perspective view of a first implementation of a converter of an NRD guide and an MSL. According to Fig. 1, the NRD leads the dielectric dielectric line 3 between the metal upper and lower conductor plates 1 and 2 at intervals less than half the wavelength of the use frequency. The mode compressor (4), the dielectric block (5), the feeder (Feeder) 6a, 6b inserted into the dielectric block, the metal blocks (7a, 7b) through which the feeder line passes, the signal line and the ground line The furnace is a structure in which the MSL substrate 8 patterned is combined. The original design on the signal line of the MSL indicates that the MMIC amplification element is mounted.

2 is a first plan view showing a converter of an NRD guide and an MSL. According to Fig. 2, the LSM01 mode signal of the dielectric block 5 is transmitted as a TEM mode signal through the feed line 6a, and the TEM mode signal passes through the internal transmission line of the metal block 7a and then the signal line of the MSL ( The signal is converted to the RF signal of 9).

In addition, the RF signal travels on the opposite MSL signal line, is transmitted to the TEM mode of the feed line 6b through the internal transmission line of the metal block 7b, is excited to the dielectric block 5, and then converted to the LSM mode.

Preferably, optimum insertion loss and reflection for lossless signal coupling depending on the diameter (δ), insertion depth (y) and length (x) of the feed lines 6a and 6b inserted into the NRD guide dielectric block 5 The loss is determined, and the optimum impedance matching between the NRD guide and the feed lines 6a and 6b is determined by the structures of the metal blocks 7a and 7b.

Preferably, in the structure of the MSL for the RF signal transmission at the use frequency, the optimum transmission characteristics are determined according to the width of the signal line 9 and the distance between the ground line 10 and the permittivity of the substrate.

Fig. 3 is a second plan view showing a converter of the NRD guide and the MSL with the feed lines 6a and 6b in the L shape. According to FIG. 3, signal lossless coupling is preferably performed depending on the diameter (δ), insertion depth (y), and length (h, i) of the feed lines 6a and 6b inserted into the NRD guide dielectric block 5. Optimum insertion loss and return loss are determined.

4 is a perspective view showing the structure of the λ / 4 transmission metal blocks 7a and 7b for impedance matching between the NRD guide and the MSL and for grounding the external metal conductor plates 1 and 2. According to FIG. 4, a transmission line having an electric field of λ / 4 is generally an impedance inversion circuit, because when the transmission line is connected to a load, the reactance polarity of the load is inverted as follows. The impedance Zin of the transmission line of FIG. 4 may be represented by the following equation.

-----------------(1)

-----------------(One)

Z _L : Load impedance [Ω], Z _o : Characteristic impedance of transmission line [Ω]

If the electric field is λ / 4, equation (1)

------------------------------(2)

------------------------------(2)

Becomes For example, if a capacitor of capacitance C is connected to the λ / 4 transmission line, the input impedance Zin is

-----------------------(3)

----------------------- (3)

의 코일로 변환되게 된다.Becomes Therefore, the capacitor of capacity C has an inductance

Is converted into a coil of.

Therefore, matching metal blocks (7a, 7b) have been proposed for impedance matching between feed lines (6a, 6b) inserted into NRD guide dielectric blocks with different impedances and MSL. [Ω] was set.

According to the present invention, two types of metal blocks 7a and 7b are proposed, in which (a) of FIG. 4 is a metal block having a length of λ / 4, and (b) is a metal block having a length of 3λ / 4. And with or without grounding groove, respectively.

The λ / 4 transmission metal blocks 7a and 7b have a transmission line section having an internal diameter φ, and the internal diameter φ is a use frequency in the millimeter wave band, the dielectric constant of the insulator at the center and the center conductor (here, the feed line 6a). 6b)).

Referring to FIG. 4, the metal blocks 7a and 7b have a groove for grounding the MSL substrate, which has a length L, a width t, and a depth g.

According to the present invention, the MSL substrate for the use frequency is composed of MSL (a) in which signal lines and ground lines are patterned on upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric substrate, and coplanar lines (CPW) (b) in which signal lines and ground lines are patterned on the same surface. 5 is shown. 5 (a) and 5 (b), the characteristic impedance varies depending on the width G of the signal line, the distance W between the ground line, and the dielectric constant of the substrate 8 according to the use frequency. A dielectric substrate of 35 GHz and a dielectric constant of epsilon _r of 2.3 was used.

In the present invention, after configuring the NRD guide and the MSL (MicroStrip Line) converter that can be used in the millimeter wave band as shown in FIG. A 3λ / 4 length metal block (7a, 7b) for impedance matching is placed between the MSL (8) designed with a characteristic impedance of 50Ω and the feed lines (6a, 6b), and the length (x) of the feed line is about 6.0 mm, The insertion depth (x) was about 1.0mm, and S11 was about 20dB and S21 was about 2dB at the frequency of 35GHz.

In the present invention, Figure 7 shows a second embodiment in the converter of the NRD guide and MSL. According to Fig. 7, the NRD guide line 13, the mode compressor 14, the dielectric block 15, the feed line 16a, 16b, the integrated 3λ / 4 transmission metal block 17 and the characteristic impedance are 50? The signal line 19 is patterned on the dielectric substrate of (ε _r ) 2.3 and is made of MSL having a ground metal film at the bottom.

The metal block 17 used in the NRD guide and the MSL converter of FIG. 7 is shown in FIG. 8. 8, two types of impedance matching and grounding metal blocks 17 are proposed. (A) of FIG. 8 shows a metal block of length 3λ / 4, and (b) shows a metal block of length λ / 4. Particularly, the ground line of the MSL is located at the bottom of the substrate. As shown in FIGS. 8 (a) and 8 (b), the left and right λ / 4 transmission line metal blocks are proposed as an integrated type.

According to FIG. 8, since the total lengths M1 and M2 of the integrated metal block 17 may vary depending on the length of 50 Ω MSL, the total length M1 and M2 may be 20 mm when the use frequency is 35 GHz.

FIG. 9 shows transmission characteristics of the converter of the NRD guide and the MSL according to FIG. S11 is about 15dB and S21 is about 3dB for 35GHz frequency.

The amplification MMIC device may be mounted on the MSL phase 19, and thus communication devices for the LNA circuit and the PA circuit may be manufactured. 10 and 11 show graphs showing the transmission characteristics of the signal amplification gain of the NRD guide amplifier equipped with the low noise amplification and power amplification HEMT elements.

In the present invention, the NRD guide and MSL (MicroStrip Line) converter that can be used in the millimeter wave band is equipped with a power amplifier (HPA) and a low noise amplifier (LNA) between the transmission and reception for the NRD guide to sufficiently lower the signal noise level and increase the gain. The communication device can be configured.

In addition, the proposed impedance matching metal block has a feature that can transmit the lossless signal power as much as possible between the feed line of the NRD guide and MSL and MSL.

Therefore, the use of NRD guide line-strip line for signal transmission conversion without millimeter wave band enables insertion of optimal active and passive elements and excellent LNA, HPA and buffer + HPA in wireless communication equipment. It can be installed to implement a wireless communication system for the millimeter wave band.

Claims (8)

The NRD guide and MSL (MicroStrip Line) transducers have NRD guide dielectric lines (3), mode sprayers (4), and dielectric blocks (5) between metal upper and lower conductor plates (1, 2) at intervals less than half the wavelength of the operating frequency. , Feeder lines (6a, 6b) inserted in the dielectric block, and 3λ / 4 or λ / 4 matching transmission metal blocks (7a, 7b) through which the feed line passes, and are arranged in order of MSL or coplanar line ( NRD guide-microstrip line (MSL) converter, characterized in that the CPW) is composed of impedance matching with the feed lines 6a, 6b around the 3λ / 4 or λ / 4 matching transmission metal blocks 7a, 7b. 2. The feed line (6a, 6b) according to claim 1, wherein the feed lines (6a, 6b) have a "-" shape and a "L" shape; NRD guide-microstrip line (MSL) converter characterized by the insertion depth (y), line length (x) and line length (h, i) of "L" 2. The 3λ / 4 or λ / 4 matching transmission metal blocks 7a and 7b through which the feed lines 6a and 6b pass have an impedance match between the feed lines 6a and 6b and the signal lines of the MSL. Has a transmission line section with an internal diameter Φ for This is a 3λ / 4 or λ / 4 matching transmission characterized by a structure in which the internal diameter (Φ) and the diameter (δ) of the feed lines (6a, 6b) are determined by the frequency of use and the dielectric constant of the insulator filled in the transmission line. Metal block A transmission metal block (7a, 7b) for the 3λ / 4 or λ / 4 matching is filled with air having a dielectric constant of 1 in a transmission line section having an internal diameter of Φ, wherein the center conductor ( 3λ / 4 or λ / 4 matching transmission metal block, characterized in that the diameter δ and the inner diameter Φ of the transmission section are determined in 6a and 6b). The transmission metal block of claim 1, wherein the 3λ / 4 or λ / 4 matching transmission metal block has a groove length L, a width t, and a depth g for attaching a ground line of the MSL with or without a groove. Transmission metal block for 3λ / 4 or λ / 4 matching characterized by being attached to the ground line of MSL The NRD guide and MSL (MicroStrip Line) transducer are inserted into the NRD guide dielectric line 13, the modifier 14, the dielectric block 15, and the dielectric block between the metal upper and lower conductor plates with a half-wavelength spacing of the operating frequency. 3 λ / 4 or λ / 4 matching transmission metal block 17 through which feeder feeders 16a and 16b, feed lines 16a and 16b pass, and MSL is 3λ / 4 or λ / 4 matching transmission NRD guide-microstrip line (MSL) converter characterized in that the impedance is matched with the feed line (16a, 16b) around the metal block (17) The transmission metal block (3) / 4 or (lambda) / 4 matching transmission metal block 17, through which the feed lines 16a and 16b pass, for impedance matching between the feed lines 16a and 16b and the signal line of the MSL. Has a transmission line section with an internal diameter of Φ; This depends on the frequency of use and the dielectric constant of the insulator filled in the transmission line, the internal diameter Φ and the diameter δ of the feed lines 16a and 16b vary; 3λ / 4 or λ / 4 matching transmission metal block is characterized by a structure in which the grounding metal block for attaching the ground plane under the MSL substrate is integrated with the 3λ / 4 or λ / 4 matching transmission metal block 8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the converter of the NRD guide and the MSL has an MMIC mount on the signal lines (9, 19); The device mounted thereto may use an MMIC signal amplification device in addition to the HEMT device; NRD-guided amplifiers that feature low noise amplifier (LNA), power amplifier (HPA) and buffer + HPA circuits

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