KR100583440B1 - Groundwater and porous media purification device and groundwater and porous media purification method using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

In the apparatus for purifying ground water and porous media and the method for purifying the same, the apparatus for purifying ground water and porous media includes injection means and extraction means. The injection means is arranged upstream of the groundwater surface on the outline surrounding the contaminants disposed in the porous medium to inject the purifying material. The extracting means includes a plurality of extraction wells disposed at portions having a head lower than the upstream side along the outline to extract contaminants, and prevent the contaminants from flowing out of the outline. Thus, the contaminant is surrounded to prevent the spread of the contaminant.

Description

Groundwater and porous media purification device and method for purifying groundwater and porous media {APPARATUS AND METHOD OF PURIFYING GROUNDWATER AND POROUS MEDIA}

1 is a plan view showing a groundwater and porous medium purification apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II ′ of FIG. 1.

3 is a cross-sectional view showing a method of purifying contaminants using the groundwater and porous medium purifier shown in FIG.

4 is a flowchart illustrating a method for purifying groundwater and a porous medium according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a plan view showing a groundwater and porous medium purification apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

12: dry season groundwater surface 14: rainfall groundwater surface

40: drying zone 42: groundwater level fluctuation range

44: saturated zone 50: pollutant

101: injection well 103: injection pump

103a: purifying material injection unit 105: injection means

110a, 110b, 110c, 110d: extraction well 112: extraction unit

115: extraction means 120: barrier wall

The present invention relates to an apparatus for purifying ground water and a porous medium, and a method for purifying ground water and a porous medium using the same, and more particularly, an apparatus for purifying ground water and a porous medium that surrounds contaminants to prevent contamination. The present invention relates to a method for purifying groundwater and porous media using a purification apparatus for porous media.

With industrial development, there are various kinds of pollutants, and their amount is gradually increasing. Types of environmental pollution include water pollution, soil pollution, and air pollution, and the types and characteristics of pollutants change according to each type.

Water pollution and soil pollution are slower than air pollution, the pollution status persists, and pollutants are difficult to clean. In particular, the purification of soil pollution takes a long time and costly, compared to the air pollution and water pollution is less difficult to purify the purification effect is less.

In Korea, according to Article 15, Paragraph 3, Article 15 of the Revised Soil Environment Conservation Act, which was implemented on January 1, 2002, the Governor's Governor exceeded the standards of concern as a result of the permanently specific soil pollution survey or soil inspection. In certain cases, the Presidential Decree requires the contaminated soil to be cleaned or ordered to the cause of pollution.

Therefore, various techniques for removing soil pollution have been developed, and techniques for removing pollutants dissolved or suspended in groundwater using groundwater flow have been developed.

In particular, by installing a well in a contaminated area, a method of removing contaminants pumped with groundwater by injecting or pumping groundwater or the like is widely used.

However, if there are buildings or roads on the contaminated area, or underground underground works are installed in the ground, it is impossible to excavate in the contaminated area and the wells cannot be installed.

In addition, when pollutants form a plume in the groundwater and act as a continuous pollutant, it is difficult to remove the pollutants through the installation of the well because the position of the pollutant is fluid. Contaminants forming the plume include Dense Non-aqueous Phase Liquid (PCDNAPL) such as trichloroethylene (TCE) and tetrachloroethylene (PCE).

In addition, when a large area is contaminated through the groundwater layer, the number of wells is excessively increased, thereby increasing the purification cost.

In addition, when the headwater slope of the groundwater layer in the contaminated area is urgent, the contaminants rapidly diffuse downstream and are difficult to purify.

In addition, when the pollutant is disposed in an unsaturated zone in which obstacles such as underground burials exist, there is a problem that it is impossible to purify by the existing technology or costs a lot.

A first object of the present invention for solving the above problems is to provide an apparatus for purifying groundwater and porous media to prevent the spread of contamination to contain contaminants.

It is a second object of the present invention to provide a method for purifying groundwater and porous media using the apparatus for purifying groundwater and porous media.

An apparatus for purifying groundwater and a porous medium according to an embodiment of the present invention for achieving the first object includes an injection means and an extraction means. The injection means is disposed upstream of the groundwater surface on the outline surrounding the contaminants disposed in the porous medium to inject the purifying material. The extraction means includes a plurality of extraction wells disposed in a portion having a head lower than the upstream side along the outline to extract the groundwater, and at the same time to prevent the pollutants from flowing out of the outline through the groundwater. It allows the injecting purge from the top to move quickly through the contaminated area.

In the method for purifying groundwater and porous media according to an embodiment of the present invention for achieving the second object, first, an outline surrounding the contaminants disposed in the porous media is defined. Subsequently, it is disposed upstream of the groundwater surface on the outline to inject the purifying material. Subsequently, extraction is carried out so that the purged material introduced through the plurality of extraction wells disposed in the portion having the head lower than the upstream side reaches the extraction well side at a high speed along the outline. Thereafter, the purified material is contacted with the contaminants of the groundwater and the porous medium through forced and natural diffusion to decompose the contaminants.

The groundwater refers to water that forms gaps in underground strata or rocks. The porous medium includes a soil medium containing soil and weathered rock, rock, and groundwater.

According to the present invention as described above, by surrounding the contaminant using the injection means and the extraction means to prevent the contaminant to flow out by the ground water. In addition, three-dimensional purification is possible even when excavation in the contaminated area is impossible or extensive pollution occurs or there is a discontinuous surface. In addition, even when the contaminant is disposed in an unsaturated zone, it can be easily purified.

In addition, by using a barrier or the like to optimize the head slope in the contaminated area, the contaminants are quickly and uniformly disintegrated over the entire area. In addition, the purifying agent is combined with the porous medium particles throughout the contaminated area, the contaminant decomposition is continuously maintained to achieve the contaminant decomposition.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

1 is a plan view showing a groundwater and porous medium purification apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the line II 'of FIG.

1 and 2, the porous medium is disposed between the saturated zone 44 in which the groundwater is saturated, the drying zone 40 adjacent to the ground surface, and the saturation zone 44 and the drying zone 40. Groundwater level fluctuation region 42 is included. The groundwater level fluctuation area 42 is an area between the low watershed groundwater level 12 and the rainfall groundwater level 14. That is, in the dry season without rain, the groundwater level is disposed on the groundwater level 12 of the dry season, and during the rain, the groundwater level rises to the groundwater surface 14 during the rainfall, which is the lower part of the drying table 40.

In the present embodiment, the contaminant 50 is introduced from the surface of the upper surface of the water surface 12 through the drying zone 40 and the groundwater level fluctuation region 42 (LNAPL; Light Non-aqueous Phase Liquid) Or it is arranged to the bottom (DNAPL; Dense Non-aqueous Phase Liquid) to form a plume (Plume). At this time, the pollutant 50 may be leaked from the underground buried material such as an oil storage tank (not shown), oil pipe (not shown). An outline 70 surrounding the pollutant 50 is defined in the porous medium, and the contaminant 50 flows out of the outline 70 by optimizing the head slope in the outline 70. Is prevented. In the present embodiment, the outline 70 has a circular shape. When the porous medium includes a discontinuous surface such as a monolayer or a joint, the shape of the outline 70 may extend along the discontinuous surface.

The groundwater and porous medium purifying apparatus includes an injection means 105, an extraction means 115, and a barrier wall 120.

The injection means 105 includes an injection well 101, an injection pump 103 and a purification material injection unit 103a. The injection means 105 is disposed upstream of the groundwater surface on the outline 70 to inject the purification material 72. The upstream side refers to a direction in which groundwater flow starts in a direction in which groundwater flows.

The lower end of the injection well (101) is disposed in the saturation zone 44 of the lower ground water surface 12 to discharge the purification material (72). The purifying substance 72 includes an oxidizing agent, a soil purification microorganism, a nutrient, air, and the like. The microorganisms for soil purification are Bacillus sp., Lactobacillus (Stretococcus Thermophilus), Bacillus subtilis, hydrogen sulfide magnetizing bacteria, ammonia magnetizing bacteria, fungi (Azotobaoter sp.), VA myoorrhizao, Triootheoium sp., Psoudomonas sp. , And the like. At this time, a complex microorganism in which a plurality of kinds of microorganisms are mixed may be used. In addition, a lower end of the injection well 101 is disposed above the ground surface of the dry season 12, and the purification material 72 injected into the saturation zone 44 reaches the saturation layer 44 by gravity. You may.

A plurality of discharge holes (not shown) are formed at the lower end of the injection well 101 to discharge the purifying material 72. In this case, a check valve (not shown) is formed at the lower end of the injection well 101 to selectively block the discharge holes (not shown) according to the height of the groundwater surface.

The purifying material 72 diffuses into the groundwater and the porous medium through the flow of the groundwater and the groundwater level to reach the pollutant 50. The diffused purification material 72 decomposes the pollutant 50 to purify the groundwater and the porous medium.

The upper end of the injection well 101 is projected on the ground surface is connected to the injection pump 103.

The injection pump 103 is connected to the purification material injection unit 103a to inject the purification material 72 into the injection well 101.

The extraction means 115 may include first to third extraction wells 110a, 110b and 110c, first to third counter extraction wells 110a ', 110b' and 110c 'and the extraction wells 110a and And extracting units 112 connected to 110b, 110c, 110a ', 110b', and 110c ', and extract ground water. The first to third extraction wells 110a, 110b and 110c and the first to third opposing extraction wells 110a ′, 110b ′ and 110c ′ are lower than the upstream side along the outline 70. It is placed in the part with chickenpox. In the present embodiment, each of the first to third extraction wells 110a, 110b and 110c is symmetrical with the first to third counter extraction wells 110a ', 110b' and 110c '.

The third extraction well 110c is disposed in a portion having a head lower than the injection well 101 in the outline 70. The second extraction well 110b is disposed in a portion having a head lower than the third extraction well 110c in the outline 70. The first extraction well 110a is disposed in a portion having a head lower than the second extraction well 110b in the outline 70. The first to third extraction wells 110a, 110b and 110c and the first to third counter extraction wells 110a ', 110b' and 110c 'surround the pollutant 50 and the pollutant. Prevent 50 from leaking out of the outline 70.

The distance d1 between the first extraction well 110a and the first opposite extraction well 110a 'is greater than the distance d2 between the second extraction well 110b and the first extraction well 110a. short. The distance d2 between the second extraction well 110b and the first extraction well 110a is shorter than the distance d3 between the third extraction well 110c and the second extraction well 110b. The distance d3 between the third extraction well 110c and the second extraction well 110b is shorter than the distance d4 between the injection well 101 and the third extraction well 110c. That is, the distance between adjacent extraction wells gets closer as the head between the adjacent extraction wells is lower.

The extraction units 112 control the groundwater flow rate so that the purification material 72 reaches the extraction well by pumping the groundwater, and the extracted groundwater is discharged to the outside after separate water treatment.

Since the pollutant 50 flows along the direction (Dflow) through which the groundwater flows, a greater number of extraction wells are disposed downstream of the direction (Dflow) through which the groundwater flows, so that the pollutant (50) is Prevent outflow of the outline 70.

The blocking wall 120 is disposed adjacent to the outline 70 on the downstream side of the flow direction (Dflow) of the groundwater. That is, the barrier wall 120 is disposed at a portion having a head lower than the extraction wells 110a, 110b and 110c and the opposite extraction wells 110a ', 110b' and 110c '. In the present embodiment, the blocking wall 120 is disposed higher than the groundwater surface 14 during the rainfall. The blocking wall 120 controls the vertical movement of the groundwater by using the extraction wells 110a, 110b, 110c, 110a ', 110b', 110c 'and the injected purification material 72 in the contaminated area. After uniformly distributed in the water, the groundwater level is forcibly raised to induce contact between the contaminant 50 and the purification material 72 disposed in the unsaturated layer. By the blocking wall 120, it is possible to control the groundwater level regardless of the presence or absence of rainfall.

The barrier wall 120 has a lower permeability than the porous medium to smooth the head slope in the outline 70. The barrier wall 120 may directly embed a material having low permeability such as clay, or use a sheet pile. In addition, the blocking wall 120 directly prevents the diffusion of the pollutant 50 and raises the groundwater level so that the pollutant 50 and the purifying material 72 present in the porous medium of the unsaturated layer. Is coupled to all regions within the outline 70 to induce relatively fast and uniform. That is, the blocking wall 120 controls the vertical movement of the groundwater and the purification material 72 so that the area where the groundwater is not saturated can be purified. That is, the blocking wall 120 functions as a vertical movement control means. In this case, when it is determined that the groundwater vertical mobility can be secured due to rainfall, the blocking wall 120 may be omitted.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the purification of contaminants by the groundwater and porous medium purifying apparatus illustrated in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a groundwater and porous medium purifying method according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIGS. 1, 2 and 4, first, the outline 70 surrounding the pollutant 50 is defined in the porous medium (S12). The shape of the outline 70 is determined according to the characteristics of the porous medium, the head slope of the groundwater, the presence or absence of the discontinuous surface. The size of the outline 70 increases in proportion to the permeability of the porous medium. In addition, when the head slope of the groundwater is urgent, the outline 70 extends downstream along the direction (Dflow) through which the groundwater flows. In addition, when the porous medium includes a single layer, the outline 70 extends along the single layer.

Subsequently, the injection means 105 is installed on an upstream side of the ground water surface on the outline 70, and the first to third extraction wells are formed at a portion having a head lower than the upstream side along the outline 70. 110a, 110b, and 110c, the first to third counter extraction wells 110a ', 110b' and 110c 'and the extraction units 112 are installed. In addition, the barrier wall 120 is installed at a portion having a head lower than the extraction wells 110a, 110b, 110c, 110a ', 110b', and 110c 'adjacent to the outline 70. Control groundwater level and head slope.

Referring to FIG. 3, the purification material 72 is injected into an upstream side of the groundwater surface on the outline 70 (S14). When the purification material 72 is injected, the head of the groundwater adjacent to the injection well 101 slightly increases due to the pressure increase around the injection well 101. Subsequently, the groundwater is extracted through the extraction wells 110a, 110b, 110c, 110a ', 110b', and 110c 'disposed in a portion having a head lower than the upstream side along the outline 70. Adjust the flow rate and direction (S16). That is, the horizontal movement of the groundwater is controlled by using the extraction wells 110a, 110b, 110c, 110a ', 110b', and 110c 'to control the area where the groundwater is saturated. When the groundwater is extracted, the head of the groundwater adjacent to the extraction wells 110a, 110b, 110c, 110a ', 110b', 110c 'is slightly lowered. Subsequently, the purifying substance 72 is mixed with the pollutant 50 through the natural and forced diffusion of groundwater. The degree of distribution of the purified material is determined using a tracer material such as bromine (Br), or the monitoring method according to the type of purified material such as pH of the groundwater, oxidation conductivity (S18). The purification material 72 reacts with the pollutant 50 to decompose the pollutant 50.

The groundwater level in the outline 70 is controlled by using the pre-installed blocking wall 120 (S20). After the purifying material 72 is sufficiently diffused in the horizontal direction by the extracting means 115, the ground water level is raised to diffuse the purifying material 72 in the horizontal direction. In this embodiment, since the rate of diffusion of the purification material 72 in the horizontal direction is faster than the rising speed of the groundwater level, even if the purification material 72 is injected after the blocking wall 120 is installed, Before the groundwater level rises, the purification material 72 may be sufficiently diffused in the horizontal direction. In this case, the blocking wall 120 may be installed after the purification material 72 is injected.

Example 2

5 is a plan view showing a groundwater and porous medium purification apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the remaining components except for the discontinuous surface, the outline, and the extraction means are the same as in the first embodiment, and thus redundant description is omitted.

Referring to FIG. 5, the porous medium includes a discontinuous surface 47, and the contaminant 52 is disposed in an area including the discontinuous surface 47. In the discontinuous surface 47, the flow of the groundwater is rapidly increased to increase the mobility of the pollutant 52 that moves along the groundwater.

In the present embodiment, the outline 77 surrounding the contaminant 52 has a shape extending along the discontinuous surface 47.

The groundwater and porous medium purification device includes an injection means, an extraction means and a barrier wall 120.

The extraction means includes first to fourth extraction wells 110a, 110b, 110c and 110d, first to fourth counter extraction wells 110a ′, 110b ', 110c' and 110d 'and the extraction wells ( 110a, 110b, 110c, 110d, 110a ', 110b', 110c ', 110d') including the extraction unit connected to, and extracts the ground water.

In this embodiment, among the extraction wells between the second and third extraction wells 110b and 110c adjacent to the discontinuous surface 47 and between the second and third opposite extraction wells 110b 'and 110c'. The distance d5 is shorter than the distance d1 between the first extraction well 110a and the first opposite extraction well 110a '.

That is, the distance between adjacent extraction wells gets closer as the quantity of water flowing out between the adjacent extraction wells increases.

According to the present invention as described above, by surrounding the contaminants using the injection means and a plurality of extraction means to prevent the contaminants from leaking to the outside. In addition, three-dimensional purification is possible even when excavation in the contaminated area is impossible or extensive pollution occurs or there is a discontinuous surface.

Also, block walls By optimizing the head slope in the contaminated area, the contaminants are quickly and uniformly decomposed throughout the contaminated area. In addition, even when the contaminant is disposed in an unsaturated zone, it can be easily purified.

In addition, since there is no need to install a separate well in the outline reduces the manufacturing cost of the groundwater and the purification device of the porous medium.

Although described above with reference to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, those skilled in the art will be variously modified and changed within the scope of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention described in the claims below I can understand that you can.

Claims (6)

Injection means disposed on an upstream side of the groundwater surface on an outline surrounding a contaminant disposed in the porous medium to inject a purge material; An extraction means disposed in a portion having a head lower than the upstream side along the outline to extract the pollutant, and extracting means for preventing the pollutant from flowing out of the outline and adjusting the groundwater flow; ; And It is disposed in a portion having a head lower than the extraction means adjacent to the outline, having a lower permeability than the porous medium, Groundwater and porous media purification device including a barrier to control the groundwater level. delete 2. The apparatus for purifying ground water and porous media according to claim 1, wherein the injecting means comprises a purifying substance injection unit for purifying the contaminants by injecting a purifying substance into the porous medium. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the distance between adjacent extraction wells is closer as the head between the adjacent extraction wells is lower. Defining an outline surrounding the contaminant disposed in the porous medium; Injecting a purge material upstream of the water table on the outline; Mixing the purifying material with the contaminant through diffusion to decompose the contaminant; Extracting the decomposed contaminant through a plurality of extraction wells disposed along a portion of the head having a lower head than the upstream side; And Within the outline using a barrier wall disposed at a portion having a head lower than the extraction means adjacent to the outline. A method of purifying groundwater and porous media comprising the step of adjusting the groundwater level. The method of claim 5, wherein the groundwater flow in the outline is controlled. A method of purifying groundwater and porous media, further comprising the step.

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