KR100319438B1 - 유리용융로로부터의독성물방출량을감소시키기위한물증강된황산염정련방법 - Google Patents
유리용융로로부터의독성물방출량을감소시키기위한물증강된황산염정련방법 Download PDFInfo
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- KR100319438B1 KR100319438B1 KR1019970023970A KR19970023970A KR100319438B1 KR 100319438 B1 KR100319438 B1 KR 100319438B1 KR 1019970023970 A KR1019970023970 A KR 1019970023970A KR 19970023970 A KR19970023970 A KR 19970023970A KR 100319438 B1 KR100319438 B1 KR 100319438B1
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- amount
- refining
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- melt
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims description 17
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 title claims description 8
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000000156 glass melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005816 glass manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005329 float glass Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007496 glass forming Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- IKWTVSLWAPBBKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N a1010_sial Chemical compound O=[As]O[As]=O IKWTVSLWAPBBKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000410 antimony oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000413 arsenic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960002594 arsenic trioxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoantimony Chemical compound [Sb]=O VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005368 silicate glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 sulfate compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006060 molten glass Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009841 combustion method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 56
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000006066 glass batch Substances 0.000 description 8
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 5
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000006063 cullet Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 241000920471 Lucilia caesar Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011132 calcium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910008556 Li2O—Al2O3—SiO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001175 calcium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005094 computer simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012717 electrostatic precipitator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005308 flint glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013178 mathematical model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940110728 nitrogen / oxygen Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005361 soda-lime glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/235—Heating the glass
- C03B5/2353—Heating the glass by combustion with pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air, e.g. using oxy-fuel burners or oxygen lances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/225—Refining
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/18—Stirring devices; Homogenisation
- C03B5/187—Stirring devices; Homogenisation with moving elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/18—Stirring devices; Homogenisation
- C03B5/193—Stirring devices; Homogenisation using gas, e.g. bubblers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/235—Heating the glass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/235—Heating the glass
- C03B5/2356—Submerged heating, e.g. by using heat pipes, hot gas or submerged combustion burners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C1/00—Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels
- C03C1/004—Refining agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C13/00—Fibre or filament compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/083—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound
- C03C3/085—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal
- C03C3/087—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal containing calcium oxide, e.g. common sheet or container glass
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
- Y02P40/57—Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
SiO2 | 72.3 중량% |
Na2O | 14.0 중량% |
CaO | 10.5 중량% |
MgO | 1.4 중량% |
Al2O3 | 1.5 중량% |
SO3 | 0.3 내지 0.6 중량% (가변) |
K2O | 0.2 중량% |
Fe2O3 | 0.03 중량% |
시험 | 배치중의 SO3(유리중의 중량%) | 대기중의 H2O(용적%) |
A. | 0.63 | 1-2 |
B. | 0.55 | 20 |
C. | 0.37 | 60 |
시험 | 유리중의 SO3(중량%) | SO3방출(중량%**) | 유리중의 H2O(ppm) |
A. | 0.40 | 0.23 | 155 |
B. | 0.38 | 0.17 | 338 |
C. | 0.29 | 0.08 | 617 |
**차에 의해 계산됨(즉, 배치에 첨가되는 SO3- 유리중의 SO3) |
시험 | 기포 | 결 | 이랑 |
A. | 4.4+/-1.3 | 5.0+/-1.2 | 5.7+/-1.1 |
B. | 3.1+/-1.2 | 2.6+/-0.8 | 5.0+/-0.8 |
C. | 2.6+/-1.3 | 1.7+/-0.8 | 5.7+/-2.9 |
스코어 1= 가장 우수한 품질, 7 = 가장 불량한 품질 |
SO3농도(중량%) | ||||
0.20 | 0.25 | 0.30 | 0.4 | |
물의 함량(몰/㎥) | ||||
50 | 기포 용해 | 37000 | 12857 | 6660 |
70 | 90000 | 12758 | 8185 | 4940 |
80 | ----- | 9461 | 6517 | 4181 |
90 | 11650 | 7025 | 5157 | 3500 |
100 | 7833 | ----- | ----- | ----- |
온도 (℃) | |||
1450 | 1475 | 1500 | |
물의 함량 (mole/㎥) | |||
50 | 기포 용해 | 12857 | 5109 |
70 | 21500 | 8185 | 3850 |
80 | 17000 | 6517 | 3290 |
90 | 11790 | 4076 | 2770 |
중량%의 SO3/[H2O] (mol/㎥) | |||
0.3/50 | 0.3/70 | 0.3/90 | |
시간 (초) | |||
0 | 200 | 200 | 200 |
100 | 265 | 282 | 310 |
500 | 317 | 354 | 422 |
1000 | 343 | 403 | 517 |
2000 | 374 | 474 | 678 |
5000 | 432 | 661 | 1210 |
7000 | 470 | 805 | 1777 |
10000 | 536 | 1096 | 이탈 |
12000 | 591 | 1392 | 이탈 |
15000 | 693 | 이탈 | 이탈 |
중량%의 SO3/[H2O] (mol/㎥) | |||
0.2/50 | 0.2/70 | 0.2/90 | |
시간 (초) | |||
0 | 200 | 200 | 200 |
100 | 284 | 300 | 334 |
500 | 343 | 394 | 489 |
1000 | 377 | 462 | 630 |
2000 | 420 | 574 | 897 |
4000 | 495 | 807 | 1595 |
5000 | 535 | 948 | 이탈 |
7000 | 631 | 1341 | 이탈 |
10000 | 767 | 이탈 | 이탈 |
12000 | 1045 | 이탈 | 이탈 |
15000 | 이탈 | 이탈 | 이탈 |
Claims (10)
- 유리 제조로(glassmaking furnace)로부터 독성물 방출량을 감소시키면서 유리를 제조하는 방법으로서,a) 유리 형성 재료의 한 배치(batch)로부터 형성된 유리 용융물(4)로부터 용해되지 않은 기체를 제거하는데 효과적인 제 1 첨가량의 정련제를 첨가하는 단계;b) 보다 적은 제 2 첨가량의 정련제를 유리 형성 재료 배치에 첨가하는 단계;c) 배치를 가열하여 유리 용융물(4)을 형성시키는 단계;d) 유리 용융물을 정련하여 모든 또는 거의 모든 용해되지 않은 기체를 제거하는 단계;e) 정련하기 전에 또는 정련 동안에, 제 2 첨가량의 정련제와 혼합되는 경우에 유리 용융물(4)로부터 모든 또는 사실상 모든 용해되지 않은 기체를 제거하기에 효과적인 양으로 용해된 물을 첨가하는 단계; 및f) 유리 용융물을 냉각시키는 단계를 포함하며,정련제가 산화비소, 산화안티몬 및 염화나트륨으로 구성된 군으로부터 선택됨을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 정련제를 부분 대체하는 용해된 물의 양이 정련 온도가 50℃까지 감소되기에 충분한 양임을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 정련제가 하나 이상의 황산염 화합물 또는 황 함유 물질이고, 부분 대체가 mol/㎥ SO3:mol/㎥ H2O로 계산하는 경우 0.25:1 내지 10:1의 몰비로 일어남을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 정련제가 산화비소, 산화안티몬 및 염화나트륨으로 구성된 군으로부터 선택되고, 부분 대체가 mol/㎥ 정련제:mol/㎥ H2O로 계산하는 경우 0.2:1 내지 10:1의 몰비로 일어남을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 용해된 물의 공급원이a) 유리 형성 재료의 배치에 첨가된 하나 이상의 금속 수산화물로부터 공급되는 히드록실 그룹;b) 유리 형성 재료 배치로부터 형성된 유리 용융물(4)과 H2및 O2에 의한 액중 연소물; 및c) 30 내지 100% O2를 함유하는 산소 부화 공기와 탄화수소에 의한 유리 형성 재료 배치로부터 형성된 유리 용융물(4)의 연소물이고,노가 배치 용융 영역(5), 정련 영역, 및 버블러(6)위의 영역 또는 액중 전극(7)위의 영역을 포함하고, 연소가 하나 이상의 상기 영역에서 일어남을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제 1항에 있어서, 유리 제조로(1)가 산소-연료 발화로 또는 공기 발화로임을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- SiO2, Na2O, K2O, CaO, MgO, Al2O3, SO3및 H2O로 구성되며, SO3의 양이 0.05% 내지 0.2%이고 H2O의 양이 0.04% 내지 0.1%인 산화 소다-석회 규산염 유리 조성물.
- 제 7항에 있어서, 유리가 71 내지 74 중량%의 SiO2, 12 내지 15 중량%의 Na2O + K2O, 12 내지 14 중량%의 CaO + MgO, 0.05 내지 6.0 중량%의 Al2O3, 0.05 내지 0.2 중량%의 SO3및 0.04 내지 0.1 중량%의 H2O의 조성으로 구성된 플로트 유리이거나, 71 내지 74 중량%의 SiO2, 12 내지 15 중량%의 Na2O + K2O, 10 내지 14 중량%의 CaO + MgO, 0.7 내지 3 중량%의 Al2O3, 0.05 내지 0.2 중량%의 SO3및 0.04 내지 0.1 중량%의 H2O의 조성으로 구성된 플린트병 또는 판유리임을 특징으로 하는 조성물.
- 71 내지 74 중량%의 SiO2, 12 내지 15 중량%의 Na2O + K2O, 10 내지 14 중량%의 CaO + MgO, 1.0 내지 3 중량%의 Al2O3, 0.02 내지 0.1 중량%의 SO3및 0.04 내지 0.1 중량%의 H2O의 조성으로 구성되어 온화하게 산화된 유리.
- 52 내지 56 중량%의 SiO2, 1 중량% 미만의 Na2O + K2O, 21 내지 26 중량%의 CaO + MgO, 13 내지 17 중량%의 Al2O3, 4 내지 8 중량%의 B2O3, 0.01 내지 0.03 중량%의 SO3및 0.06 내지 0.1 중량%의 H2O의 조성으로 구성된 직물 섬유 유리.
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US66283496A | 1996-06-12 | 1996-06-12 | |
US08/662,834 | 1996-06-12 |
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EP (1) | EP0812809A3 (ko) |
JP (1) | JPH10114529A (ko) |
KR (1) | KR100319438B1 (ko) |
CN (1) | CN1169965A (ko) |
BR (1) | BR9703522A (ko) |
CA (1) | CA2207509A1 (ko) |
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US5922097A (en) * | 1996-06-12 | 1999-07-13 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Water enhanced fining process a method to reduce toxic emissions from glass melting furnaces |
FR2789384B1 (fr) * | 1999-02-05 | 2002-02-22 | Saint Gobain Vitrage | Procede de preparation de matieres premieres pour la fabrication de verre |
NZ507427A (en) * | 1999-02-05 | 2005-02-25 | Saint Gobain | Method for preparing alkali metal silicates for glass-making using submerged burners and enriched oxygen |
EG25130A (en) * | 1999-02-05 | 2011-09-18 | Saint Gobain Vitrage | Process and apparatus for preparing batch materials for the manufacture of glass. |
FR2830528B1 (fr) * | 2001-10-08 | 2004-07-02 | Saint Gobain | Procede de preparation de matieres premieres pour la fabrication de verre |
BE1014579A3 (fr) * | 2002-01-17 | 2004-01-13 | Glaverbel | Vitrage a couches transforme thermiquement. |
EP1542935A1 (en) * | 2002-09-27 | 2005-06-22 | PPG Industries Ohio, Inc. | Apparatus and method for producing float glass having reduced defect density |
JP2005041704A (ja) * | 2003-07-22 | 2005-02-17 | Nippon Electric Glass Co Ltd | 無アルカリガラス基板 |
JP4941872B2 (ja) * | 2003-09-02 | 2012-05-30 | 日本電気硝子株式会社 | 液晶ディスプレイ用透明無アルカリガラス基板 |
DE102004022936A1 (de) | 2004-05-10 | 2005-12-08 | Linde Ag | Verfahren zum Läutern von Glas |
FR2899577B1 (fr) * | 2006-04-07 | 2008-05-30 | Saint Gobain | Four de fusion du verre comprenant un barrage de bruleurs immerges aux matieres vitrifiables |
US20080276652A1 (en) * | 2007-05-11 | 2008-11-13 | Jon Frederick Bauer | Submerged combustion for melting high-temperature glass |
DE202009018723U1 (de) * | 2008-02-26 | 2012-11-20 | Corning Inc. | Läutermittel für Silikatgläser |
WO2012018026A1 (ja) * | 2010-08-03 | 2012-02-09 | 旭硝子株式会社 | 近赤外線カットフィルタガラスおよびその製造方法 |
RU2597008C1 (ru) * | 2015-08-24 | 2016-09-10 | Роман Владимирович Лавров | Сырьевой концентрат и шихта для производства силикатного стекла |
JP6638076B2 (ja) * | 2015-10-12 | 2020-01-29 | エーエムペー‐グラース ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | 蒸気含有ガス雰囲気を生成するための装置、およびそのような装置を含むシステム構成要素 |
CN105254176A (zh) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-01-20 | 太仓市双凤镇薄彩工艺品厂 | 一种光洁度高的琉璃 |
CN105541109B (zh) * | 2015-12-22 | 2017-10-17 | 巨石集团成都有限公司 | 一种玻璃生产中提高配合料均匀性及降低废气中氮氧化合物的方法 |
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KR980001880A (ko) | 1998-03-30 |
BR9703522A (pt) | 1999-05-25 |
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