KR100300493B1 - 촉매재생에의해올레핀을연속적으로이성화시키는방법 - Google Patents
촉매재생에의해올레핀을연속적으로이성화시키는방법 Download PDFInfo
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- KR100300493B1 KR100300493B1 KR1019940002380A KR19940002380A KR100300493B1 KR 100300493 B1 KR100300493 B1 KR 100300493B1 KR 1019940002380 A KR1019940002380 A KR 1019940002380A KR 19940002380 A KR19940002380 A KR 19940002380A KR 100300493 B1 KR100300493 B1 KR 100300493B1
- Authority
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- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- reactor
- conduit
- steam
- reaction zone
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000006317 isomerization reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 title description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 147
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011437 continuous method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical compound CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- YHQXBTXEYZIYOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylbut-1-ene Chemical compound CC(C)C=C YHQXBTXEYZIYOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical compound CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- HVZJRWJGKQPSFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-Amyl methyl ether Chemical compound CCC(C)(C)OC HVZJRWJGKQPSFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- BKOOMYPCSUNDGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbut-2-ene Chemical group CC=C(C)C BKOOMYPCSUNDGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008642 heat stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BBJSDUUHGVDNKL-UHFFFAOYSA-J oxalate;titanium(4+) Chemical class [Ti+4].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O BBJSDUUHGVDNKL-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 125000004817 pentamethylene group Chemical class [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010517 secondary reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004230 steam cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-ONEGZZNKSA-N trans-but-2-ene Chemical group C\C=C\C IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-ONEGZZNKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003754 zirconium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J38/00—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts, in general
- B01J38/04—Gas or vapour treating; Treating by using liquids vaporisable upon contacting spent catalyst
- B01J38/06—Gas or vapour treating; Treating by using liquids vaporisable upon contacting spent catalyst using steam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/20—Regeneration or reactivation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms
- C07C5/22—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by isomerisation
- C07C5/27—Rearrangement of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon skeleton
- C07C5/2767—Changing the number of side-chains
- C07C5/277—Catalytic processes
- C07C5/2772—Catalytic processes with metal oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2521/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C07C2521/02—Boron or aluminium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- C07C2521/04—Alumina
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2521/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C07C2521/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/584—Recycling of catalysts
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (15)
- (2회 정정) 300-600℃의 온도 및 1-10bar의 압력 및 0.1 내지 10시-1의 장입물의 공간 속도를 갖는 반응 대역내에서 수분 존재하에 n-올레핀 함유의 장입물과 알루미나계 촉매를 접촉하는 단계, 사용한 촉매를 재생시키는 단계, 그 재생된 촉매를 증기로 처리한 뒤 장입물과 재접촉하는 단계를 포함하는 C20이하의 탄소원자를 함유하는 n-올레핀의 골격을 이성화시키는 방법으로서, 이 연속 방법은 알루미나와 0.03 내지 0.6 중량%의 티탄으로 주로 구성된 촉매의 유동(flow)에 의해 실시되며, 그 촉매는 이동 베드 반응 대역을 통과하여 취출된뒤 재생되어 상기 반응 대역과 거의 동등한 온도에서 증기로 처리되고, 반응 대역내에서 및 재생된 후에 증기로 처리할 때의 촉매와 접촉하는 증기의 함량은 촉매의 중량을 기준으로 하여 3 내지 85 중량%이며, 반응 대역내에 투입된 수분 함량은 0.1 내지 3인 수분/올레핀 장입몰의 몰비인 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 촉매가 증기 분위기하에서 유동되는 것인 방법.
- (2회 정정) 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 증기 처리는 110 내지 700℃의 온도, 0.1bar 내지 4bar의 증기 분압, 6분 내지 10시간 동안의 조건하에서 수행되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 350 내지 550℃의 온도 및 1 내지 15bar의 압력하에 산소를 포함하는 기체를 투입시킴으로써 촉매를 재생하는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 대역이 방사형으로 유출되는 이동 베드(들)로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 상기 대역에서 촉매를 주기적으로 취출하는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 회분식(batchwise)으로 재생 단계를 실시하는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 회분식으로 증기 처리단계를 실시하는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 촉매 유동이 연속적인 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- - 촉매를 투입하기 위한 도관(15), 이를 취출하기 위한 도관(2), n-올레핀을 함유하는 장입물을 투입하기 위한 도관(16) 및 처리한 장입물을 추출하기 위한 도관(17)을 구비하며, 이동 베드중에 알루미나계 촉매를 포함하는 이성화 반응기(1),- 사용된 촉매를 투입하기 위한 도관(5) 및 재생된 촉매를 추출하기 위한 도관(7), 재생 기체를 투입하고 생성된 기체를 배출시키기 위한 수단을 구비한 재생기(6),- 모터 가스 공급 도관(9)이 장착되어 있으며 보유/정착용의 둥근형 플라스크(12)내로 통과되는 공기 리프트(10,11)를 포함하는, C20이하의 탄소 원자를 함유하는 n-올레핀을 이성화시키기 위한 장치.
- 제10항에 있어서, 재생기내에 증기를 투입하기 위한 도관이 구비된 것을 특징으로 하는 장치.
- 제10항에 있어서, 이성화 반응기와 보유/정착용의 둥근형 플라스크(12) 사이에 도관(13)을 통해 투입된 재생된 촉매를 증기로 처리하기 위한 반응기(14)가 위치하고, 상기 반응기는 수분을 투입하기 위한 도관(18) 및 이성화 반응기로 처리된 촉매를 전달하기 위한 도관(15)을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 장치.
- 제10항 내지 제12항 중 어느 하나의 항에 있어서, 반응기(1)와 재생기(6)사이에 촉매를 주기적으로 전달하기 위한 수단을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 장치.
- 제10항에 내지 제12항 중 어느 하나의 항에 있어서, 재생기(6)와 반응기(1)사이에 촉매를 주기적으로 전달하기 위한 수단을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 장치.
- 제10항 내지 제12항 중 어느 하나의 항에 있어서, 반응기(14)와 반응기(1)사이에 촉매를 주기적으로 전달하기 위한 수단을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 장치.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR93-01389 | 1993-02-09 | ||
FR9301389A FR2701258B1 (fr) | 1993-02-09 | 1993-02-09 | Procédé continu pour l'isomérisation des oléfines. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
KR940019656A KR940019656A (ko) | 1994-09-14 |
KR100300493B1 true KR100300493B1 (ko) | 2001-10-22 |
Family
ID=9443858
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
KR1019940002380A KR100300493B1 (ko) | 1993-02-09 | 1994-02-08 | 촉매재생에의해올레핀을연속적으로이성화시키는방법 |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5686648A (ko) |
EP (1) | EP0611185B1 (ko) |
JP (1) | JPH06256230A (ko) |
KR (1) | KR100300493B1 (ko) |
CN (1) | CN1045951C (ko) |
CA (1) | CA2115341A1 (ko) |
DE (1) | DE69400234T2 (ko) |
ES (1) | ES2091098T3 (ko) |
FR (1) | FR2701258B1 (ko) |
MY (1) | MY110135A (ko) |
NO (1) | NO307701B1 (ko) |
TW (1) | TW279159B (ko) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8722557B2 (en) | 2008-12-30 | 2014-05-13 | Lyondell Chemical Technology, L.P. | Catalyst regeneration |
KR101861029B1 (ko) * | 2013-11-20 | 2018-05-24 | 루머스 테크놀로지 인코포레이티드 | 높은 독 내성을 갖는 올레핀 이중 결합 이성질화 촉매 |
DE102013226370A1 (de) * | 2013-12-18 | 2015-06-18 | Evonik Industries Ag | Herstellung von Butadien durch oxidative Dehydrierung von n-Buten nach vorhergehender Isomerisierung |
US9314785B1 (en) | 2014-11-13 | 2016-04-19 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Ketonization process using oxidative catalyst regeneration |
CN109851464B (zh) * | 2017-11-30 | 2021-11-19 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种正丁烯异构化的方法及装置 |
CN109851465B (zh) * | 2017-11-30 | 2021-11-19 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种正丁烯异构化的方法及装置 |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1252364B (de) * | 1966-02-23 | 1967-10-19 | Farbenfabriken Bayer Aktienge Seilschaft, I everkusen | Verfah ren zur Gewinnung des Kallikrem Inakti vators in kristallisierter Form |
US3558733A (en) * | 1969-07-30 | 1971-01-26 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Olefin isomerization process with alumina of controlled water content |
US4225419A (en) * | 1979-04-18 | 1980-09-30 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Alumina isomerization process |
EP0032543A1 (de) * | 1980-01-10 | 1981-07-29 | Chemische Werke Hüls Ag | Verfahren zur Isomerisierung von n-Alkenen |
FR2484400A1 (fr) * | 1980-05-13 | 1981-12-18 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede d'isomerisation d'olefines |
US5182247A (en) * | 1991-02-11 | 1993-01-26 | Texaco Inc. | Sulfated catalyst for skeletal isomerization of olefins |
FR2695636B1 (fr) * | 1992-09-15 | 1994-12-02 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procédé pour l'isomérisation des oléfines. |
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1993
- 1993-02-09 FR FR9301389A patent/FR2701258B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1994
- 1994-01-31 ES ES94400203T patent/ES2091098T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-01-31 EP EP94400203A patent/EP0611185B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-01-31 DE DE69400234T patent/DE69400234T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-02-07 NO NO940391A patent/NO307701B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-02-08 KR KR1019940002380A patent/KR100300493B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-02-08 MY MYPI94000286A patent/MY110135A/en unknown
- 1994-02-09 CA CA002115341A patent/CA2115341A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 1994-02-09 CN CN94101566A patent/CN1045951C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-02-09 JP JP6015571A patent/JPH06256230A/ja active Pending
- 1994-02-17 TW TW083101270A patent/TW279159B/zh active
-
1995
- 1995-06-06 US US08/487,091 patent/US5686648A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH06256230A (ja) | 1994-09-13 |
KR940019656A (ko) | 1994-09-14 |
NO940391L (no) | 1994-08-10 |
TW279159B (ko) | 1996-06-21 |
FR2701258B1 (fr) | 1995-04-28 |
MY110135A (en) | 1998-02-28 |
NO940391D0 (no) | 1994-02-07 |
CN1045951C (zh) | 1999-10-27 |
EP0611185A1 (fr) | 1994-08-17 |
CA2115341A1 (fr) | 1994-08-10 |
DE69400234D1 (de) | 1996-07-18 |
FR2701258A1 (fr) | 1994-08-12 |
NO307701B1 (no) | 2000-05-15 |
CN1098083A (zh) | 1995-02-01 |
ES2091098T3 (es) | 1996-10-16 |
EP0611185B1 (fr) | 1996-06-12 |
US5686648A (en) | 1997-11-11 |
DE69400234T2 (de) | 1996-10-10 |
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