KR100277203B1 - 수소와 산소에 의한 직접적 수산화 방향족 화합물의 제조방법 - Google Patents
수소와 산소에 의한 직접적 수산화 방향족 화합물의 제조방법 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR100277203B1 KR100277203B1 KR1019980022415A KR19980022415A KR100277203B1 KR 100277203 B1 KR100277203 B1 KR 100277203B1 KR 1019980022415 A KR1019980022415 A KR 1019980022415A KR 19980022415 A KR19980022415 A KR 19980022415A KR 100277203 B1 KR100277203 B1 KR 100277203B1
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen
- catalyst
- oxygen
- zeolite
- aromatic compound
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- -1 hydroxide aromatic compound Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002638 heterogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 36
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- SJEBAWHUJDUKQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylanthraquinone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(CC)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 SJEBAWHUJDUKQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 71
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 63
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 24
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 23
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 21
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 21
- PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthraquinone Natural products CCC(=O)c1c(O)c2C(=O)C3C(C=CC=C3O)C(=O)c2cc1CC(=O)OC PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 7
- 150000004056 anthraquinones Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002815 homogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 46
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 25
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 23
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 17
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000010718 Oxidation Activity Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005805 hydroxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000001451 organic peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- HSKPJQYAHCKJQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethylanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=CC=C2CC HSKPJQYAHCKJQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ASDLSKCKYGVMAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 ASDLSKCKYGVMAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012028 Fenton's reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cumene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TUJKJAMUKRIRHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyl Chemical group [OH] TUJKJAMUKRIRHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000033444 hydroxylation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002605 large molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000013335 mesoporous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WUOACPNHFRMFPN-SECBINFHSA-N (S)-(-)-alpha-terpineol Chemical compound CC1=CC[C@@H](C(C)(C)O)CC1 WUOACPNHFRMFPN-SECBINFHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVEIKFLZWBDLJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butylanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=CC=C2CCCC BVEIKFLZWBDLJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- INPHIYULSHLAHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-pentylanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=CC=C2CCCCC INPHIYULSHLAHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNKTZDSRQHMHLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si].[Si].[Si].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti] Chemical compound [Si].[Si].[Si].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti] GNKTZDSRQHMHLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- OVKDFILSBMEKLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Terpineol Natural products CC(=C)C1(O)CCC(C)=CC1 OVKDFILSBMEKLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940088601 alpha-terpineol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- VEFXTGTZJOWDOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene;hydrate Chemical compound O.C1=CC=CC=C1 VEFXTGTZJOWDOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011964 heteropoly acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- MGZTXXNFBIUONY-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen peroxide;iron(2+);sulfuric acid Chemical compound [Fe+2].OO.OS(O)(=O)=O MGZTXXNFBIUONY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000000640 hydroxylating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-hexene Natural products CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-KNVOCYPGSA-N norbornene Chemical compound C1[C@@H]2CC[C@H]1C=C2 JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-KNVOCYPGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C39/00—Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C39/02—Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring monocyclic with no unsaturation outside the aromatic ring
- C07C39/04—Phenol
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C37/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C37/58—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring by oxidation reactions introducing directly hydroxy groups on a =CH-group belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring with the aid of molecular oxygen
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (4)
- 방향족 탄화수소 화합물을 산화시켜 수산화 방향족 화합물을 제조하는 방법에 있어서, 상기 산화반응은 Pd금속과 2-에틸 안트라퀴논이 함께 포접된 제올라이트 촉매와 사면체 배위구조를 갖는 Ti금속이 함유된 제올라이트 촉매로 구성된 이원계 불균일 촉매를 사용하고, 상압 및 -10∼60℃ 조건에서 수소와 산소를 유입시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 수소와 산소에 의한 직접적 수산화 방향족 화합물의 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 제올라이트는 Si/Al 비율이 1∼160인 Y형, β형, L형, MCM-41 및 MCM-48 중에서 선택된 것을 특징으로 하는 수소와 산소에 의한 직접적 수산화 방향족 화합물의 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 이원계 불균일 촉매중에는 Pd금속, 2-에틸 안트라퀴논 및 사면체 배위구조를 가지는 Ti금속이 각각 0.5∼5.0중량%, 0.5∼4.0중량% 및 1.0∼4.0중량% 담지된 것을 특징으로 하는 수소와 산소에 의한 직접적 수산화 방향족 화합물의 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 산화반응에 유입되는 산소와 수소의 농도비가 0.2∼10인 것을 특징으로 하는 수소와 산소에 의한 직접적 수산화 방향족 화합물의 제조방법.
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1019980022415A KR100277203B1 (ko) | 1998-06-15 | 1998-06-15 | 수소와 산소에 의한 직접적 수산화 방향족 화합물의 제조방법 |
IT1999MI001318A ITMI991318A1 (it) | 1998-06-15 | 1999-06-14 | Procedimento per la preparazione di aromatici idrossilati con idrogeno e ossigeno |
US09/332,135 US6191318B1 (en) | 1998-06-15 | 1999-06-14 | Process for preparing hydroxylated aromatics by hydrogen and oxygen |
JP11168969A JP3128650B2 (ja) | 1998-06-15 | 1999-06-15 | 水素と酸素による直接的な水酸化芳香族化合物の製造方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1019980022415A KR100277203B1 (ko) | 1998-06-15 | 1998-06-15 | 수소와 산소에 의한 직접적 수산화 방향족 화합물의 제조방법 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
KR20000001930A KR20000001930A (ko) | 2000-01-15 |
KR100277203B1 true KR100277203B1 (ko) | 2001-02-01 |
Family
ID=19539558
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
KR1019980022415A Expired - Fee Related KR100277203B1 (ko) | 1998-06-15 | 1998-06-15 | 수소와 산소에 의한 직접적 수산화 방향족 화합물의 제조방법 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6191318B1 (ko) |
JP (1) | JP3128650B2 (ko) |
KR (1) | KR100277203B1 (ko) |
IT (1) | ITMI991318A1 (ko) |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19717320A1 (de) * | 1997-04-24 | 1998-10-29 | Basf Ag | Einstufiges Verfahren zur Herstellung von Glykolmonoethern aus Olefinen |
US6906147B2 (en) * | 2002-03-20 | 2005-06-14 | Cyclics Corporation | Catalytic systems |
US7256241B2 (en) * | 2000-01-21 | 2007-08-14 | Cyclics Corporation | Methods for polymerizing macrocyclic polyester oligomers using catalyst promoters |
DE60121602T2 (de) * | 2000-09-01 | 2007-07-05 | Cyclics Corp. | Verfahren zur umsetzung von linearen polyestern zu makrocyclischen oligoesterzusammensetzungen und makrocyclische oligoester |
US7767781B2 (en) | 2000-09-01 | 2010-08-03 | Cyclics Corporation | Preparation of low-acid polyalkylene terephthalate and preparation of macrocyclic polyester oligomer therefrom |
US7750109B2 (en) | 2000-09-01 | 2010-07-06 | Cyclics Corporation | Use of a residual oligomer recyclate in the production of macrocyclic polyester oligomer |
US7304123B2 (en) * | 2001-06-27 | 2007-12-04 | Cyclics Corporation | Processes for shaping macrocyclic oligoesters |
JP2005515965A (ja) * | 2001-06-27 | 2005-06-02 | サイクリクス コーポレイション | 大環状オリゴエステルの単離、処方、および成形 |
US6787632B2 (en) * | 2001-10-09 | 2004-09-07 | Cyclics Corporation | Organo-titanate catalysts for preparing pure macrocyclic oligoesters |
EP2092980A1 (en) * | 2008-02-22 | 2009-08-26 | ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Company | Aromatic hydrogenation catalysts comprising Ti-MCM-41 and platinum group metals and aromatic hydrogenation process |
CN104549414B (zh) * | 2013-10-28 | 2017-02-08 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 用于芳烃化合物直接羟基化的催化剂及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4992600A (en) * | 1989-09-26 | 1991-02-12 | Shell Oil Company | Process for the oxidation of benzene to phenol |
US4982015A (en) * | 1989-09-26 | 1991-01-01 | Shell Oil Company | Process for the oxidation of benzene to phenol |
JP3237203B2 (ja) * | 1992-05-18 | 2001-12-10 | 三菱化学株式会社 | 芳香族ヒドロキシ化合物の製造方法 |
-
1998
- 1998-06-15 KR KR1019980022415A patent/KR100277203B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-06-14 IT IT1999MI001318A patent/ITMI991318A1/it unknown
- 1999-06-14 US US09/332,135 patent/US6191318B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-06-15 JP JP11168969A patent/JP3128650B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2000034246A (ja) | 2000-02-02 |
JP3128650B2 (ja) | 2001-01-29 |
ITMI991318A0 (it) | 1999-06-14 |
ITMI991318A1 (it) | 2000-12-14 |
US6191318B1 (en) | 2001-02-20 |
KR20000001930A (ko) | 2000-01-15 |
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