KR100250830B1 - 자가분해에 의해 폴리하이드록시알킨산으로부터 광학활성을 가진 단량체 하이드록시카르복실산의 제조방법 - Google Patents
자가분해에 의해 폴리하이드록시알킨산으로부터 광학활성을 가진 단량체 하이드록시카르복실산의 제조방법 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR100250830B1 KR100250830B1 KR1019970066842A KR19970066842A KR100250830B1 KR 100250830 B1 KR100250830 B1 KR 100250830B1 KR 1019970066842 A KR1019970066842 A KR 1019970066842A KR 19970066842 A KR19970066842 A KR 19970066842A KR 100250830 B1 KR100250830 B1 KR 100250830B1
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- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- hydroxy
- microorganisms
- producing
- autolysis
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Images
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/40—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a carboxyl group including Peroxycarboxylic acids
- C12P7/42—Hydroxy-carboxylic acids
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S435/00—Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology
- Y10S435/8215—Microorganisms
- Y10S435/822—Microorganisms using bacteria or actinomycetales
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (24)
- 세포내 폴리하이드록시알칸산 분해효소(intracellular polyhydroxyalkanoate depolymerase)의 활성도가 있는 미생물의 비양에 의해 폴리하이드록시알칸산(polyhydroxyalkanoates)을 생산ㆍ축적한 다음, 그 균체를 물, 염 수용액 또는 완충액의 분해용액에 방치하여 폴리하이드록시알칸산을 자가분해시킴으로써, 광학 활성을 갖는 그의 단량체 (D)-하이드록시카르복실산(hydroxycarboxylic acids)의 제조방법.
- 제1항에서 광학활성을 갖는 단량체 (D)-하이드록시카르복실산(hydroxycarboxylic acids)을 제조한 다음, 액체크로마토그래피(LC)나 고속액체크로마토그래피(HPLC)를 이용한 전기 단량체의 분리공정을 추가로 포함하는, (D)-하이드록시카르복실산의 제조방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에서 순수분리된 광학활성을 갖는 단량체 (D)-하이드록시카르복실산을 용매추출에 의한 불순물 제거 및 건조시키는 정제 및 분말 제재화 공정을 추가로 포함하는, (D)-하이드록시카르복실산의 제조방법.
- 제2항에 있어서, LC나 HPLC는 유기산 분리 컬럼을 채용하고, pH 범위가 1~3인 산성 수용액을 유동상으로 사용하는 것을 특징으로 하는 (D)-하이드록시카르복실산의 제조방법.
- 제3항에 있어서, 정제 및 분말 제재화 공정은 순수분리된 (D)-하이드록시카르복실산 함유 용액에 강염기를 첨가하여 pH 9 이상의 염기영역으로 조정한 다음, 유기용매를 사용한 추출에 의해 불순물을 제거하고 건조시키는 공정만으로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 (D)-하이드록시카르복실산의 제조방법.
- 제5항에 있어서, 강염기로 수산화나트륨을 사용하여 pH 11로 조정한 다음, 클로로포름을 첨가하여 유기상으로 추출된 불순물을 제거한 후, 수용상을 건조기(drying oven)에서 건조시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 (D)-하이드록시카르복실산의 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 고농도의 폴리하이드록시알칸산을 자가분해하여 그의 단량체를 고농도로 생산하는 것을 특징으로 하는 (D)-하이드록시카르복실산의 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 폴리하이드록시알칸산의 자가분해시 부산물로 생성되는 이량체를 염기성 조건에서 가열 분해함으로써 단량체 생산 수율을 향상시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 (D)-하이드록시카르복실산의 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 미생물은 Achromobacter 속 미생물들, Acidovorax delafieldii, Acidovax facilis, Acinetobacter 속 미생물들, Actinomyces sp., Alcaligenes 속 미생물들, Alteromonas macleodii, Amoebobacter 속 미생물들, Aphanocapa sp., Aphanothece sp., Aquaspirillum autotrophicum, Azorhizobium caulinodans, Azospirillum 속 미생물들, Azotobacter 속 미생물들, Bacillus 속 미생물들, Beggiatoa 속 미생물들, Beijerinckia 속 미생물들, Beneckea 속 미생물들, Bordetella pertussis, Bradyrhizobium japonicum, Caryophamon latum, Caulobacter 속 미생물들, Chloroflexus aurantiacus, Chlorogloea 속 미생물들, Chromatium 속 미생물들, Chromobacterium 속 미생물들, Clostridium 속 미생물들, Comamonas 속 미생물들, Corynebacterium 속 미생물들, Derxia 속 미생물들, Desulfococcus multivorans, Desulfonema 속 미생물들, Desulfosacina variabilis, Desulfovibrio sapovorans, Ectothiorhodospira 속 미생물들, Ferrobacillus ferroxidans, Flavobacterium sp., Haemophilus influenzae, Halobacterium 속 미생물들, Haloferax mediterranei, Hydroclathratus clathratus, Hydrogenomonas facilis, Hydrogenophaga flava, Hydrogenophaga 속 미생물들, Hyphomicrobium 속 미생물들, Ilyobacter delafieldii, Labrys monachus, Lamprocystis reseopersicina, Lampropedia hyalina, Legionella sp., Leptothrix discophorus, Methylobacterium 속 미생물들, Methylococcus thermophilus, methylocystis parvus, Methylomonas methanica, Methylosinus 속 미생물들, Methylovibrio soehngenii, Micrococcus 속 미생물들, Mycobacterium 속 미생물들, Nitrobacter 속 미생물들, Nocardia 속 미생물들, Paracoccus dentrificans, Oscillatoria limosa, Penicillium cyclopium, Photobacterium 속 미생물들, Physarum polycephalum, Pseudomonas 속 미생물들, Ralstonia 속 미생물들, Rhizobium 속 미생물들, Rhodobacillus 속 미생물들, Rhodobacter속 미생물들, Rhodococcus 속 미생물들, Rhodocyclus 속 미생물들, Rhodomicrobium vannielii, Rhodopseudomonas 속 미생물들, Rhodospirillum 속 미생물들, Sphingomonas paucimobilis, Spirillum 속 미생물들, Spirulina 속 미생물들, Staphylococcus 속 미생물들, Stella 속 미생물들, Streptomyces 속 미생물들, Syntrophomonas wolfei, Thiobacillus 속 미생물들, Thiocapsa 속 미생물들, Thiocystis violacea, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Xanthobacter autotrophicus, Xanthomonas maltophilia 및 Zoogloea 속 미생물들로 구성된 그룹으로부터 선택되는 1종인 것을 특징으로 하는 (D)-하이드록시카르복실산의 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 단량체는 3-하이드록시프로피온산(hydroxypropionic acid), 3-하이드록시부탄산(hydroxybutyrate), 3-하이드록시발레르산(hydroxvalerate), 3-하이드록시헥산산(hydroxyhexanoic acid), 3-하이드록시헵탄산(hydroxyheptanoic acid), 3-하이드록시옥탄산(hydroxyoctanoic acid), 3-하이드록시노난산(hydroxynonoic acid), 3-하이드록시데칸산(hydroxydecanoic acid), 3-하이드록시운데칸산(hydroxyundecanoic acid), 3-하이드록시도데칸산(hydroxydodecanoic acid), 3-하이드록시테트라데칸산(hydroxytetradecanoic acid), 3-하이드록시헥사데칸산(hydroxyhexadecanoic acid), 4-하이드록시부탄산(hydroxybutyrate), 4-하이드록시발레르산(hydroxvaleric acid),4-하이드록시헥산산(hydroxyhexanoic acid), 4-하이드록시헵탄산(hydroxyheptanoic acid), 4-하이드록시옥탄산(hydroxyoctanoic acid), 4-하이드록시데칸산(hydroxydecanoic acid), 5-하이드록시발레르산(hydroxvaleric acid), 5-하이드록시헥산산(hydroxyhexanoic acid), 6-하이드록시도데칸산(hydroxydodecanoic acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-4-펜탄산(pentenoic acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-4-trans-헥센산(hexenoic acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-4-cis-헥센산(hexenoic acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-5-헥센산(hexenoic acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-6-trans-옥텐산(octenoic acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-6-cis-옥텐산(octenoic acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-7-옥텐산(octenoic acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-8-노넨산(nonenoic acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-9-데센산(decenoic acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-5-cis-도데센산(dodecenoic acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-6-cis-도데센산(dodecenoic acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-5-cis-테트라데센산(tetradecenoic acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-7-cis-테트라데센산(tetradecenoic acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-5,8-cis-cis-테트라데센산(tetradecenoic acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-4-메틸발레르산(methylvaleric acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-4-메틸헥산산(methylhexanoic acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-5-메틸헥산산(methylhexanoic acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-6-메틸헵산산(methylheptanoic acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-4-메틸옥탄산(methyloctanoic acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-5-메틸옥탄산(methyloctanoic acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-6-메틸옥탄산(methyloctanoic acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-7-메틸옥탄산(methyloctanoic acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-6-메틸노난산(methylnonanoic acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-7-메틸노난산(methylnonanoic acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-8-메틸노난산(methylnonanoic acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-7-메틸데칸산(methyldecanoic acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-9-메틸데칸산(methyldecanoic acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-7-메틸-6-옥텐산(octenoic acid), 말산(malic acid), 3-하이드록시숙신산(hydroxysuccinic acid)-메틸 에스테르, 3-하이드록시아디핀산(hydroxyadipinic acid)-메틸 에스테르, 3-하이드록시스베린산(hydroxysuberic acid)-메틸 에스테르, 3-하이드록시아젤라인산(hydroxyazelaic acid)-메틸 에스테르, 3-하이드록시세바신산(hydroxysebacic acid)-메틸 에스테르, 3-하이드록시스베린산(hydroxysuberic acid)-에틸 에스테르, -하이드록시세바신산(hydroxysebacic acid)-에틸 에스테르, 3-하이드록시피메린산(hydroxypimelic acid)-프로필 에스테르, 3-하이드록시세바신산(hydroxysebacic acid)-벤질 에스테르, 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-8-아세톡시옥탄산(acetoxyoctanoic acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-9-아세톡시노난산(acetoxynonanoic acid), 페녹시(phenoxy)-3-하이드록시부탄산(hydroxybutyric acid), 페녹시(phenoxy)-3-하이드록시발레르산(hydroxyvaleric acid), 페녹시(phenoxy)-3-하이드록시헵탄산(hydroxyheptanoic acid), 페녹시(phenoxy)-3-하이드록시옥탄산(hydroxyoctanoic acid), para-시아노페녹시(cyanophenoxy)-3-하이드록시부탄산(hydroxybutyric acid), para-시아노페녹시(cyanophenoxy)-3-하이드록시발레르산(hydroxyvaleric acid), para-시아노페녹시(cyanophenoxy)-3-하이드록시헥산산(hydroxyhexanoic acid), para-니트로페녹시(nitrophenoxy)-3-하이드록시헥산산(hydroxyhexanoic acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-5-페닐발레르산(phenylvaleric acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-5-시클로헥실부탄산(cyclohexylbutyric acid), 3,12-디하이드록시도데칸산(dihydroxydodecanoic acid), 3,8-디하이드록시(dihydroxy)5-cis-테트라데센산(tetradecenoic acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-4,5-에폭시데칸산(epoxydecanoic acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-6,7-에폭시도데칸산(epoxydodecanoic acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-8,9-에폭시(epoxy)-5,6-cis-테트라데칸산(tetradecanoic acid), 7-시아노(cyano)-3-하이드록시헵탄산(hydroxyheptanoic acid), 9-시아노(cyano)-3-하이드록시노난산(hydroxynonanoic acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-7-플루오로헵탄산(fluoroheptanoic acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-9-플루오로노난산(fluorononanoic acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-6-클로로헥산산(chlorohexanoic acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-8-클로로옥탄산(chlorooctanoic acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-6-브로모헥산산(bromohexanoic acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-8-브로모옥탄산(bromooctanoic acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-11-브로모운데칸산(bromodecanoic acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-2-부텐산(butenoic acid), 6-하이드록시(hydroxy)-3-도데센산(dodecenoic acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-2-메틸부탄산(methylbutyric acid), 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-2-메틸발레르산(methylvaleric acid) 및 3-하이드록시(hydroxy)-2,6-디메틸-5-헵탄산(heptenoic acid)으로 구성된 그룹으로부터 선택되는 1종 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 (D)-하이드록시카르복실산의 제조방법.
- 미생물 Alcaligenes latus의 배양에 의해 PHB(Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate)를 생산ㆍ축적한 다음, 그 균체를 물, 염 수용액 또는 완충용액의 분해용액(pH 2~11)에서 4~55℃ 온도로 30분~10시간 방치하는 자가분해에 의한 단량체 (D)-하이드록시카르복실산의 제조방법.
- 제11항에 있어서, 미생물 Alcaligenes latus를 pH 2~5의 분해용액에서 37℃ 온도로 반응시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 (D)-하이드록시카르복실산의 제조방법.
- 미생물 Alcaligenes latus의 배양에 의해 공중합체 폴리-3-하이드록시부탄산-co-4-하이드록시부탄산(poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate)을 생산ㆍ축적한 다음, 그 균체를 물, 염 수용액 또는 완충용액의 분해용액(pH 7이하)에서 30~40℃ 온도로 30분~10시간 방치하는 자가분해에 의한 (D)-3-하이드록시부탄산 및 4-하이드록시부탄산의 제조방법.
- 제13항에 있어서, 미생물 Alcaligenes latus를 pH 2~5의 분해용액에서 37℃ 온도로 반응시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 (D)-3-하이드록시부탄산 및 4-하이드록시부탄산의 제조방법.
- 미생물 Alcaligenes eutrophus의 배양에 의해 PHB(poly-3-hydroxybutyrate)를 생산ㆍ축적한 다음, 그 균체를 물, 염 수용액 또는 완충용액의 분해용액(pH 2~12)에서 30~40℃ 온도로 20시간 이상 방치하는 자가분해에 의한 (D)-3-하이드록시부탄산의 제조방법.
- 미생물 Alcaligenes eutrophus의 배양에 의해 공중합체 폴리-3-하이드록시부탄산-co-3-하이드록시발레르산(poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxyvalerate)을 생산ㆍ축적한 다음, 그 균체를 물, 염 수용액 또는 완충용액의 분해용액(pH 2~12)에서 30~40℃ 온도로 20시간 이상 방치하는 자가분해에 의한 (D)-3-하이드록시부탄산 및 (D)-3-하이드록시발레르산의 제조방법.
- 미생물 Corynebacterium sp.의 배양에 의해 PHB(poly-3-hydroxybutyrate)를 생산ㆍ축적한 다음, 그 균체를 물, 염 수용액 또는 완충용액의 분해용액(pH 5~9)에서 30~40℃ 온도로 2~30시간 이상 방치하는 자가분해에 의한 (D)-3-하이드록시부탄산의 제조방법.
- 미생물 Bacillus sp.의 배양에 의해 PHB(poly-3-hydroxybutyrate)를 생산ㆍ축적한 다음, 그 균체를 물, 염 수용액 또는 완충용액의 분해용액(pH 2~12)에서 30~40℃ 온도로 10시간 이상 방치하는 자가분해에 의한 (D)-3-하이드록시부탄산의 제조방법.
- 혐기성 메탄 자화균 Methylosinus trichosporium의 배양에 의해 PHB(poly-3-hydroxybutyrate)를 생산ㆍ축적한 다음, 그 균체를 물, 염 수용액 또는 완충용액의 분해용액(pH 2~12)에서 30~40℃ 온도로 10시간 이상 방치하는 자가분해에 의한 (D)-3-하이드록시부탄산의 제조방법.
- 혐기성 광합성 세균 Rhodospirillum rubrum의 배양에 의해 PHB(poly-3-hydroxybutyrate)를 생산ㆍ축적한 다음, 그 균체를 물, 염 수용액 또는 완충용액의 분해용액(pH 2~12)에서 30~40℃ 온도로 10시간 이상 방치하는 자가분해에 의한 (D)-3-하이드록시부탄산의 제조방법.
- 과당 이용 균주 Alcaligenes eutrophus H16의 배양에 의해 PHB(poly-3-hydroxybutyrate)를 생산ㆍ축적한 다음, 그 균체를 물, 염 수용액 또는 완충용액의 분해용액(pH 2~12)에서 30~40℃ 온도로 20시간 이상 방치하는 자가분해에 의한 (D)-3-하이드록시부탄산의 제조방법.
- 미생물 Pseudomonas oleovorans 또는 Pseudomonas aeruginosa의 배양에 의해 PHA(polyhydroxyalkanoates)를 생산ㆍ축적한 다음, 그 균체를 물, 염 수용액 또는 완충용액의 분해용액(pH 2~12)에서 30~40℃ 온도로 10시간 이상 방치하는 자가분해에 의한 탄소수 6~14의 (D)-하이드록시카르복실산의 제조방법.
- PHA(polyhydroxyalkanoates) 합성 유전자를 가진 재조합 균주의 배양에 의해 PHA를 생산ㆍ축적한 다음, 그 균체를 물, 염 수용액 또는 완충용액의 분해용액(pH 2~12)에서 30~40℃ 온도로 20시간 이상 방치하는 자가분해에 의한 (D)-하이드록시카르복실산의 제조방법.
- 제23항에 있어서, 재조합 균주는 Alcaligenes eutrophus의 PHA 합성 유전자를 가진 재조합 Alcaligenes eutrophus인 것을 특징으로 하는 (D)-3-하이드록시부탄산의 제조방법.
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KR1019970066842A KR100250830B1 (ko) | 1997-12-09 | 1997-12-09 | 자가분해에 의해 폴리하이드록시알킨산으로부터 광학활성을 가진 단량체 하이드록시카르복실산의 제조방법 |
PCT/KR1998/000395 WO1999029889A1 (en) | 1997-12-09 | 1998-12-02 | A method for producing hydroxycarboxylic acids by auto-degradation of polyhydroxyalkanoates |
EP98959248A EP1036190B1 (en) | 1997-12-09 | 1998-12-02 | A method for producing hydroxycarboxylic acids by auto-degradation of polyhydroxyalkanoates |
JP2000524460A JP3579352B2 (ja) | 1997-12-09 | 1998-12-02 | 自家分解によるポリヒドロキシアルカノエートからの光学活性をもつ単量体のヒドロキシカルボン酸の製法 |
CNB988117495A CN1194098C (zh) | 1997-12-09 | 1998-12-02 | 一种通过聚羟基链烷酸酯的自降解生产羟基羧酸的方法 |
DE69830193T DE69830193T2 (de) | 1997-12-09 | 1998-12-02 | Eine methode zur herstellung von hydroxycarboxylsäuren durch selbstdegradation von polyhydroxyalkanoaten |
US09/554,948 US6472188B1 (en) | 1997-12-09 | 1998-12-02 | Method for producing hydroxycarboxylic acids by auto-degradation of polyhydroxyalkanoates |
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US (1) | US6472188B1 (ko) |
EP (1) | EP1036190B1 (ko) |
JP (1) | JP3579352B2 (ko) |
KR (1) | KR100250830B1 (ko) |
CN (1) | CN1194098C (ko) |
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-
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- 1997-12-09 KR KR1019970066842A patent/KR100250830B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-12-02 JP JP2000524460A patent/JP3579352B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-12-02 CN CNB988117495A patent/CN1194098C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-12-02 EP EP98959248A patent/EP1036190B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-12-02 WO PCT/KR1998/000395 patent/WO1999029889A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1998-12-02 US US09/554,948 patent/US6472188B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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WO2008062996A1 (en) | 2006-11-21 | 2008-05-29 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Copolymer containing 3-hydroxyalkanoate unit and lactate unit, and its manufacturing method |
WO2008062995A1 (en) | 2006-11-21 | 2008-05-29 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Copolymer comprising 4-hydroxybutyrate unit and lactate unit and its manufacturing method |
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EP1036190A1 (en) | 2000-09-20 |
JP2002518992A (ja) | 2002-07-02 |
WO1999029889A1 (en) | 1999-06-17 |
CN1194098C (zh) | 2005-03-23 |
CN1301310A (zh) | 2001-06-27 |
KR19990048214A (ko) | 1999-07-05 |
EP1036190B1 (en) | 2005-05-11 |
DE69830193D1 (de) | 2005-06-16 |
US6472188B1 (en) | 2002-10-29 |
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DE69830193T2 (de) | 2006-01-26 |
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