KR100245607B1 - Production method and its apparatus of useful material by microbial addition to food garbage and waste - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for producing useful materials by adding microorganisms to food waste and food waste, and uses thereof.

Food waste from general households or community dwellings or food wastes from food factories such as bakery factories are mixed with rice bran and mixed nutrients, and effective microorganisms (such as photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeast bacteria, and gram-positive foods). Fermentation feed and fermentation agent used for the growth and growth of animals and plants, and soil improvement, water purification agent, by distillation by esterification in fermentation treatment or separately installed reaction tank in the reaction vessel, etc.). It is intended to obtain useful materials that can be used for deodorants and insect repellents, and alcohols for industrial use.

Description

Method for producing useful materials by adding microorganisms to food waste and food waste and apparatus

The present invention provides a method and apparatus for producing useful substances by adding an effective microorganism (trade name EM-sk) to food waste generated from general households, restaurants, and residential areas and food waste generated from food factories, and to the invention of the invention. In particular, food wastes of around 80-90% of water generated in general homes and businesses, and waste foods of 20-30% of water that have passed the aging age generated in food factories, such as baking plants By fermenting as an effective microorganism, it is possible to obtain useful substances that can be used for fermentation of food waste, wastewater treatment, fermented feed production, soil discretion, livestock growth, animal feed treatment and industrial alcohol. It relates to a method and a manufacturing apparatus thereof.

In general, the improvement of living standards and the development of food culture due to the increase of income increase the discharge of household waste every year. Moreover, statistics show that about 40% of all household waste generated by households is food waste. In addition, such an increase in food waste causes the construction of landfills to be relatively increased, which not only pollutes the environment of the land, but also suffers from securing landfills in the case of a narrow country. It is the present situation.

In particular, food waste (approximately 85%) and food waste (approximately 30%), unlike ordinary household waste, are generally high in moisture, so they are secondary to the leachate discharged from the food waste when landfills are disposed of in landfills. It causes problems that severely pollute the environment.

In addition, the large amount of water promotes corruption in the summer, causing odors and causing complaints, and also providing a breeding ground for various insects, resulting in a breeding ground for pathogens that cause disease. It is currently causing side effects.

In addition, the consumption of food products, such as meat products are also accompanied by the economic difficulties that must import a lot of feed for raising cattle or pigs that provide meat.

Accordingly, the present invention has been developed in the light of the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide food waste and food waste (hereinafter referred to as " food waste ") through dehydration, sorting, and shredding. The present invention provides a method and apparatus for producing a useful substance which can be reused for various purposes by fermentation and drying by an effective microorganism.

It is another object of the present invention to prepare a useful substance which can be used as an industrial alcohol by fermentation by adding effective microorganisms to food waste, and in a packaging tank, by sealing aging, steaming, liquefaction, continuous distillation and condensation. And to provide the device.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a useful material and an apparatus for allowing wastewater dewatered from food and beverage waste to be purged and discharged below a prescribed value by adding effective microorganisms to the sedimentation tank. There is.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for producing useful materials by adding effective microorganisms in which heat sources used for drying food and beverage waste can utilize waste heat.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide an invention that enables the useful material produced by the above method and apparatus to be used for a specific purpose.

Features of the present invention for achieving the above object, the step of dehydrating food-containing waste in the food and beverage waste; Removing foreign matters mixed into the dehydrated food waste; Primary shredding of food waste from which foreign substances have been removed; Sterilizing and mixing the prepared effective microorganisms into the crushed food waste; And fermenting the sterilized food and beverage waste for a predetermined period of time.

The method includes the step of accommodating the fermented food and beverage waste in a packaging poly bag or also a packaging tank as well as the addition of effective microorganisms as a secondary fermentation for approximately 20-30 days after closure, and the step of increasing the steam, Liquefying after cooking, putting the liquefied material into a reaction tank for distillation, heating at a predetermined temperature to distill continuously, and condensing water vapor to obtain a distilled spirit having a predetermined frequency.

In addition, a feature of the present invention is a food waste treatment apparatus, provided with a hopper for injecting food waste, and is installed to be inclined to drive the hopper, to dehydrate the water contained in moving the food waste along the slope Dewatering device having a dewatering net for; An endless sorting device installed to be driven continuously with the dewatering means and capable of removing foreign matters mixed in the moving dehydrated food and beverage waste; A shredding device which is installed to be driven in contact with one end of the sorting device, and has a pair of shredding rollers for primarily shredding the food and beverage waste transferred as the foreign matter is removed through the sorting device; A first mixing device having an inlet and an outlet, which is installed to be in contact with the crushing device and a conveying conveyor, and which sterilizes and ferments by mixing food waste and the effective microorganisms prepared through the conveying conveyor; A drying apparatus installed in contact with the first mixing device as a second conveying conveyor, and drying the fermentation material conveyed as the second conveying conveyor by using warm air supplied from waste heat; A ball mill installed to be driven at a position adjacent to the drying apparatus and stably fixing the effective microorganisms which have been introduced into the fermentation dry matter of the food and beverage waste discharged from the drying apparatus; And a driving means for driving the apparatuses.

The manufacturing apparatus includes a reaction tank for distillation and heating of the food and beverage waste liquefied by fermentation, connected to the distillation reaction tank, and a condenser and condenser to receive the condensed water. A distillation liquor device.

Effective microorganisms used in the above are aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, such as Korean bacteria, yeast, lactic acid bacteria, acetic acid reduction bacteria and the like.

In addition, the daily volume of food and beverage waste processed by the method and apparatus is approximately 100 tons.

1 is a process chart for the production of useful substances by adding effective microorganisms to food waste and food waste according to an embodiment of the present invention,

2a to 2c is a schematic diagram showing a manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention,

3 is a process chart for the production of useful substances (industrial alcohol) by adding effective microorganisms to food waste and food waste according to the second embodiment of the present invention,

4 is a schematic diagram of a manufacturing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

10: hopper 20: dehydration device

30: foreign matter sorting device 40: shredding device

50,80 Mixing device 60,100 Between the first and second storage

90: drying apparatus 110: ball mill (ball mill) device

200: reservoir 300: distillation reaction tank

310: condenser

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Hereinafter, a method for producing useful materials by adding microorganisms of food waste and food waste according to the present invention and a more preferred embodiment of the apparatus will be described in detail.

1 is a process chart for the production of useful materials by adding effective microorganisms to food waste and food waste according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figures 2a to 2c is a schematic diagram of a manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention It is an installation diagram shown.

The useful material according to the present invention is manufactured while going through the same process as shown in FIG. 1, and this process is manufactured by the apparatus of FIG. 2, which will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

Food waste collected from a general home or a restaurant, a large residence or a food factory is collected by a collection vehicle not shown, and the collected food waste is introduced into the installed hopper 10. The food and beverage waste introduced into the hopper 10 is dehydrated while being moved along the dehydration apparatus 20.

The dewatering device 20 is configured to have a shape such as a feed screw, and is installed to be inclined with respect to the hopper 10 to be driven. The dehydration device 20 is driven by the driving force transmitted from the drive motor 22 installed on any one end of the dehydration device 20, and also on any part of the dewatering device 20 is the dehydration net 24 Is installed. The dewatering device 20 having such a configuration is a dehydration net 24 while continuously transporting food and beverage waste, which has been introduced into the hopper 10, continuously in the direction of an arrow by a feed screw 26 rotated during operation. ) Will pass through the installed part. Water contained in the food and beverage waste transported along the transfer screw 26 is discharged when passing through the dehydration net 24 and falls into the reservoir 200 installed under the dehydration net 24. Inflow. Water dehydrated when food and beverage waste passes through the dehydration net 24 is approximately 80% dehydrated in the content.

One end of the dewatering device 20 is installed to drive the sorting device 30 inclined obliquely toward any one side. The food and beverage waste, which has been dehydrated to some extent, discharged through the dewatering device 20 is transferred to the sorting device 30 installed adjacent to the dewatering device 20. The sorting device 30 is configured and driven in the form of an endless transfer conveyor, and the food and beverage waste dropped onto the transport conveyor of the sorting device 30 is foreign matter contained in the food and beverage waste during the transfer. Remove metal, vinyl and plastic chips. Removal of debris is done directly by workers.

The shredding device 40 is disposed at one adjacent position of the sorting device 30. The shredding device 40 is driven by the second drive motor 42 and has a pair of shredding rollers 44 for shredding food wastes finely therein. Food and beverage waste introduced into the shredding device 40 is continuously shredded by the shredding roller 44, and the driving of the shredding device 40 is driven by the second driving motor 42. .

The mixing device 50 is installed at a position spaced apart from the crushing device 40. The mixing device 50 is a ribbon rotary compounding machine, and a storage path 60 is disposed at a position spaced apart from the mixing device 50. The mixing device 50 is configured to be in contact with the shredding device 40 via the conveyance belt conveyor 45, and is installed to be in contact with the storage path 60 through the conveying pipe 64. The shredded food waste discharged from the shredding device 40 is transferred by the conveying belt conveyor 45 and introduced into the mixing device 50, and an effective microorganism stored in the storage path 60. Is introduced into the mixing device 50 through the transfer pipe (64). The mixing device 50 is driven by the third driving motor 52, the mixture discharged from the mixing device 50 through the outlet 54 is transferred to the adjacent second crushing device 80 side.

The material stored in the cell 60 is an effective microorganism (trade name EM-sk), which is a bacterium having aerobic and anaerobic characteristics, such as Korean bacteria, yeast, lactic acid bacteria, acetic acid reduction bacteria, and the like. The storage of these materials in the silo 60 is carried out through a common bucket conveyor 70.

The mixing device 50 has a mixing ratio of the effective microorganisms supplied from the path 60 and the crushed matter of the food and beverage waste transferred from the crushing device 40 to a ratio of about 7: 3. In the mixing device 50, the crushed food waste is continuously mixed with the effective microorganisms, and the crushed food waste is fermented by the bacteria of the effective microorganism during mixing. Since food and drink waste is generally fermented by bacteria of effective microorganisms, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The mixture of the effective microorganism discharged through the discharge port 54 of the mixing device 50 and the food and beverage waste is transferred to the second shredding device 80 installed at a position separated from the mixing device 50, and Secondary homogeneous crushing is performed by a pair of crushing rollers 84 provided in the crushing vehicle 80.

The food and beverage waste in which the effective microorganisms secondly shredded by the second shredding device 80 is mixed is transferred to the inside of the drying apparatus 90 disposed adjacently through the transfer screw 86. The drying apparatus 90 includes a first dryer 94 and a second dryer 96, and the heat source supplied to the drying apparatus 90 is dried using waste heat supplied from a boiler, not shown. Since the waste heat supplied from the boiler not shown is evenly blown to the conveying conveyors 97 and 99 installed to transport food and beverage waste by the blowers 91 and 93 provided in the drying apparatus 90, the heat is The fermented food and beverage waste is dried while flowing evenly inside the drying chamber.

In the above, the temperature of the waste heat supplied to dry the food and beverage waste to the drying apparatus 90 side is approximately 100-500 ° C., and the first and second dryers 94 and 96 dry the first and second times. Will be.

The food and beverage waste dried and fermented by the drying device 90 is transferred and stored through a transfer means not shown into the second storage path 100 disposed adjacent to the drying device 90. As a conveying means, it is possible to be conveyed to the side between the storage 100 by using a suction fan generating a strong suction force. Since the fermented and dried food and drink waste is uniformly crushed particles, it can be easily transported through the transfer pipe 102 into the interior of the storage paths 100 using a suction fan (not shown). The second storage path 100 is preferably installed several to accommodate a large amount.

The fermented food waste stored in the second storage passage 100 is introduced into the interior of the ball mill apparatus 110 installed adjacent to the storage passages 100 through the outlet 104 and the ball mill apparatus. Operation of 110 performs the work of immobilizing (stabilizing) the effective microorganisms in food and beverage waste. Since the ball mill device 110 is a general configuration, a detailed description thereof will be omitted. In addition, in the immobilization step, nutrients such as fishmeal or oil foil, discarded herbal medicines, molasses, fruits, etc., which are discharged during the manufacture of herbal medicines may be added.

By the manufacturing process and apparatus as in the above embodiment, it is possible to obtain a useful material which can be used for fermentation feed and fermentation agent used for the growth and growth of animals and plants, soil improvement, water purification agent, deodorant and insect repellent.

In addition, the useful material obtained through the above process and apparatus can be manufactured as granules or pellets in the form of small particles according to the crushed form, and the useful materials thus prepared are packaged and shipped as a unit.

On the other hand, the waste water discharged during the dehydration of food and beverage waste by the dehydration device 20 in the process and stored in the interior of the reservoir 200 is not shown multi-stage sedimentation tank (not shown) installed in contact with the reservoir 200 ( The wastewater is purified and discharged by allowing contaminants to settle while passing through them. In the wastewater purification process, the purification effect of the wastewater is improved by adding an effective microorganism or a fermentation agent obtained by the present invention. In the above, the wastewater flowing into the reservoir 200 is initially about 2000 ppm, but the measured value after the water purification is about 40 ppm. The period of time required to purify the wastewater takes approximately 10-20 days. In addition, the wastewater of food and beverage waste purified from the water storage tank 200 may be used as a raw material for making industrial alcohol, which will be described later.

As an apparatus according to the embodiment, the amount of food and beverage waste that can be processed per day can be approximately 100 tons.

3 is a flow chart for the production of useful substances (industrial alcohol) by the addition of effective microorganisms to food waste and food waste according to a second embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 is a manufacturing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention Schematic diagram of.

In the manufacturing apparatus according to the exemplary embodiment, the food and beverage waste fermented and discharged primarily from the mixing apparatus 50 may be used as a material of industrial alcohol, which will be described later.

That is, the material obtained from the mixing device 50 is completely sealed in a prepared reaction device, for example, a 500 kg unit polybag or packaging tank not shown. When putting food waste, which is crushed and fermented, into a poly bag or a packaging tank, a predetermined amount of effective microorganisms is also added and sealed.

Sealed polybags or packaging vessels are left to spontaneously ferment and matured for approximately 20-30 days. Fermented and matured food and beverage waste is discharged by opening a poly bag or packaging tank, and the discharged raw material is generally used for preparing alcohol, i.e., distillation of 5-20kl, which is installed at a predetermined temperature and liquefied. It is accommodated in the reaction tank 300 and heated at a predetermined temperature. Preferably, the heat source of the reaction tank 300 for distillation uses waste heat.

Water vapor generated from the distillation reaction tank 300 of the condenser 310 is brought into contact with the transfer pipe 302 through a transfer pipe 302 brought into contact with the distillation reaction tank 300. It flows inside. The water vapor is exchanged with the cooling material in the condenser 310 to be converted into condensed water. At this time, the distillate converted into condensed water is received into the previously prepared receiver 320 through the outlet of the condenser 310. The alcohol content of the material contained in the receiver 320 was about 20-60. The alcohol thus obtained could be used for industrial purposes. On the other hand, in the embodiment described in the manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the manufacturing of industrial alcohol from the food and beverage waste that is primarily fermented and discharged from the mixing device 50 as a raw material, but the water tank 200 as a waste water purification device The purified wastewater purified and discharged from can also be used as industrial alcohol raw material. The manufacturing method at this time is the same as the above embodiment.

As described above, according to the present invention, after dehydration, sorting, and crushing of food waste or food waste discharged from general homes, large group residential areas, restaurants, food factories, etc., the effective microorganisms are added thereto, followed by mixing, drying, and the like. The fermented food and beverage wastes passed through the ball mill operation step and distilled by a separate distillation apparatus are used to promote the growth and growth of animals and plants, fermentation agents and soil improvement, water purification agent, odor remover or A useful substance that can be used as an industrial alcohol was obtained.

In addition, the recycling of food wastes has the effect of reducing the cost of importing feeds and other materials, and the enormous cost savings of constructing landfills and transporting them. There was also the prevention effect of environmental pollution caused by the landfill of food waste.

Although the detailed description of the method and apparatus for producing useful materials by adding microorganisms to food waste and food waste according to the present invention has been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, this is described as an example of the most preferred embodiment of the present invention. The content does not limit the invention. In addition, the method and apparatus for producing useful materials by adding microorganisms to food waste and food waste according to the present invention can be variously modified and imitated without departing from the scope of the claims of the present invention is known in the art Speaking with you will be easy to understand.

Claims (12)

A food and drink waste comprising the steps of: dehydrating moisture contained in the food and drink waste; Removing foreign matters mixed into the dehydrated food waste; Primary crushing of the removed food or drink waste of foreign matter; Sterilizing and mixing the prepared effective microorganisms into the crushed food waste; And fermenting the sterilized food or drink waste for a predetermined period of time. The method of claim 1, further comprising drying the fermented food and drink waste at a predetermined temperature using waste heat, and ball milling the fermented and dried food and drink waste to fix the effective microorganism to the food and drink waste. Method for producing a useful material by the addition of microorganisms to food waste and food waste containing. The method according to claim 1, wherein the fermented food and beverage waste is sealed in a packaging poly bag or a packaging tank, and the effective microorganisms are added as a secondary, followed by fermentation in a secondary fermentation for approximately 20-30 days after closure. Distilling the liquefied material obtained from the fermentation and fermentation of the food and beverage waste fermented into a distillation reaction tank and heated to a predetermined temperature to distill, and to obtain distilled water having a predetermined frequency by flowing water vapor into the condenser Method for producing a useful material by the addition of microorganisms to the garbage and food waste comprising the step. The method of claim 1, wherein the wastewater discharged by dewatering from the food and beverage waste is purified to less than the specified ppm by introducing effective microorganisms through the reservoir tank settling tank of the useful material by adding microorganisms to the waste and food waste Manufacturing method. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the useful material is made of any one selected from fermentation agent, fermented feed agent, and purifying agent. 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the useful material is a distilled spirit having an alcohol component which is industrially available. In the apparatus for treating food and beverage waste, it is provided with a hopper to inject food and beverage waste and installed to be inclined to be driven with respect to the hopper, and having a dehydration net for dehydrating moisture contained in moving food and beverage waste along the slope. Device; An endless sorting device installed to be driven continuously with the dewatering device and configured to remove foreign substances mixed in the moving dehydrated food and beverage waste; A shredding device which is installed to be driven in contact with one end of the sorting device, and has a pair of shredding rollers for primarily shredding the food and beverage waste transferred as the foreign matter is removed through the sorting device; An inlet and an outlet configured to be in contact with the crushing device and a conveying conveyor, and a mixing device for sterilizing and fermenting by mixing food waste and the effective microorganisms prepared through the conveying conveyor; A drying device installed in contact with the mixing device as a second conveying conveyor and drying the food and drink fermentation material conveyed as the second conveying conveyor by using warm air supplied from waste heat; A ball mill installed to be driven at a position adjacent to the drying apparatus and stably fixing the effective microorganisms which have been introduced into the fermentation dry matter of the food and beverage waste discharged from the drying apparatus; And a driving means for driving the devices. Apparatus for producing useful substances by adding effective microorganisms to food and food waste. 8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein at least two reservoirs are installed in a lower portion of the dehydration apparatus to store dehydrated waste liquid. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the microorganism is installed in contact with the mixing device, and includes a first storage path for storing effective microorganisms which are put into the fermentation of food and beverage waste. Device for the production of substances. According to claim 7, It is installed between the drying device and the ball mill device, and includes a second storage path for supplying a predetermined amount by a predetermined amount to the ball mill device after the temporary storage of the fermented dry food waste discharged from the drying device Apparatus for producing a useful material by adding microorganisms to food waste and food waste, characterized in that. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein the sediment is deposited on the bottom of the dewatering device to deposit and dehydrate the waste liquid and the effective microorganisms, and the waste liquid which is installed step by step from the reservoir and discharged from the raw water tank in a stepwise manner. Apparatus for producing a useful substance by adding microorganisms to food waste and food waste, characterized in that it comprises a purification device consisting of a settling tank for purifying with water of a prescribed value by the application. The distillation reaction tank for receiving and heating aged fermented food and beverage waste, a condenser connected to the distillation reaction tank and condensing water vapor, and a receiver adapted to receive the condensed water. Apparatus for producing a useful material by adding microorganisms to food waste and food waste, characterized in that it comprises a distillation apparatus.

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