KR100240048B1 - Lighting device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a novel lighting device in which a switching power supply circuit is used to start one or more incandescent bulbs with a DC voltage exceeding a rating. This lighting device is very useful for lighting since the light of this embodiment is typically 2,900K or more in color temperature, excellent in color rendering without imbalance and elegant to the eyes.

The switching power supply circuit exhibits high power efficiency and capacity, and the lamp is turned on by adjusting the output voltage to a desired size.

Description

Lighting equipment

The present invention relates to an illuminating device, in particular, an illuminating device that lights by applying a DC voltage exceeding its rating to an incandescent lamp by a switching power supply.

In recent years, the number of children suffering from false muscles, young students and workers complaining of eye strain is increasing. The reasons for this may include watching television or slender characters for a long time under inappropriate lighting, or increasing VDT work. In recent years, the color rendering of lighting has been actively talked about, and a lighting device that can perceive the color of a material as it is is desired.

Conventionally, the light source used in lighting devices is a fluorescent lamp and an incandescent lamp. Among them, a fluorescent lamp has an advantage that a large luminous flux is large and bright, but it is easy to cause eye fatigue due to an imbalance, and the color rendering is unbalanced due to an unbalanced luminous flux and color temperature. It has the drawback that it is poor and the color of the material becomes more blue than it is perceived.

On the other hand, incandescent bulbs have better balance between luminous intensity and color temperature than fluorescent lamps and are excellent in color rendering, but general incandescent bulbs have a low total luminous flux and are easy to use for long time for illumination.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 72,599 / 90 (named "lighting device") and Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 59,994 / 921 (named "lighting device") have exceeded their ratings on incandescent lamps in order to alleviate these shortcomings of lighting devices. It is disclosed that by applying a direct current voltage, the color temperature is about 2,900K or more, and preferably, natural natural light is obtained to the eye having excellent color rendering properties without unbalance of 2,950 to 3,100K.

However, the lighting devices disclosed in these publications and specifications are difficult to apply to facility lighting due to (i) poor regulation of power circuits and usually needing a power circuit every time, and (ii) requiring a relatively large smoothing capacitor. By limiting the size of the power supply circuit, it is difficult to control the output voltage. (Iii) It is difficult to be affected by voltage fluctuations, and (iv) it is difficult to adjust the output voltage continuously or stepwise to adjust dimming. In order to soft-start an incandescent lamp, a large overcurrent limiting resistor is provided in a current path including an incandescent lamp, and the overcurrent limiting resistor prevents the miniaturization of the lighting device. It has a defect that it generates heat.

In such a situation, the present inventors focused on the switching power supply circuit, and made an intensive examination aiming at the lighting apparatus which does not have such a defect, making an incandescent light bulb into a light source.

As a result, when switching on the incandescent lamp by applying a DC voltage exceeding its rating, preferably a DC voltage of about 105 to 135% of the rating, the color temperature of about 2,900K or more, preferably about 2,950 ~ It has been found that elegant natural light can be easily obtained with excellent eyes at 3,100K unbalanced color rendering properties.

In addition, the lighting device using the switching power supply for the circuit is (i) high power efficiency, it is easy to miniaturize the power supply, (ii) it is easy to light two or more incandescent lamps of one power supply circuit, and (iii) voltage control Easy to maintain output voltage even if input voltage or load current fluctuates. (Iv) Soft start makes it easy to prevent shortening of incandescent bulb life and damage to circuit elements caused by same current at power-on. (V) it is easy to illuminate by changing the output voltage continuously or stepwise, and (vi) the power efficiency does not change significantly even when the load power is changed. It became.

Particularly, the present invention provides a lighting power source using an incandescent lamp as a light source, and includes a switching power supply circuit capable of supplying a direct current voltage exceeding the rated voltage to the incandescent lamp and applying a direct current voltage exceeding the rated voltage to the incandescent lamp, thereby reducing the color temperature. The structure of the lighting device characterized by radiating more than 2,900K light.

1 is a block diagram of a lighting apparatus according to the present invention.

2 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment according to the present invention which makes the light control means external.

4 is a circuit diagram of a rectifier circuit used in the present invention.

The incandescent lamp used in the present invention includes a tungsten filament and a small amount of inert gas in a vacuum glass tube, and a DC voltage exceeding that rating by the switching power supply circuit described later, preferably about 105 to 135% of the rating. As long as continuous light having a color temperature of about 2,900K or more, preferably about 2,950 to 3,100K is radiated when a DC voltage of is applied, it can be used regardless of rated voltage, rated power, efficiency, and shape. By the way, from the viewpoint of the color rendering property of the obtained light, it is preferable that the total luminous flux when the light is applied by applying the DC voltage is about 900 lumens or more, and preferably about 1,000 to 1,400 lumens.

Such incandescent lamps may be selected from a commercially available product having a rated voltage of 25 to 150W, preferably 40 to 60W, having a relatively high rated voltage, in particular, a lamp line voltage, or a predetermined rated voltage, rated power, total luminous flux, efficiency, or shape. It may be specially designed and manufactured, for example, an argon bulb containing an argon gas or other inert gas such as argon gas and nitrogen gas, a krypton bulb containing an inert gas such as krypton gas or krypton gas and nitrogen gas, or a xenon gas or xenon The xenon bulb which enclosed gas, argon gas, krypton gas, nitrogen gas, and other inert gas is preferable.

If the incandescent bulb is an argon bulb, for example, "Soft-White 120V 60W" manufactured by GE, "Standard 120V 60W", "Inside Frost 130V 60W", "Inside Frost 120V 60W" manufactured by Philips Gloeilampen-fabrieken, etc. Argon bulb is preferred.

When the argon bulb is applied with a direct current voltage of about 105% of the rated voltage, it can easily radiate natural light with excellent eye color at a color rendering property of about 2,900K or more.

This kind of overvoltage is the degree of fluctuation of the light line and the shortening of the lifespan caused by it is practically no problem.

In addition, a krypton bulb or a xenon bulb, in particular, a xenon bulb can easily achieve a predetermined color temperature and total luminous flux even at a relatively low overvoltage, thereby achieving a longer life compared to that of an argon bulb.

By the way, the " switching power supply circuit " used in the present invention refers to a DC input voltage obtained by rectifying and smoothing an alternating current from a light line or the like, for example, a power transistor or a power field effect transistor (FET) transistor. By enabling switching on and off by a switching element such as a Lister and changing the time ratio between the on and off time, a high frequency pulse voltage is obtained, and the pulse voltage is, for example, by a smoothing circuit such as an LC filter. Means a power supply method of obtaining a DC output voltage that exceeds the effective voltage of the AC power to be used, it is preferable to supply a DC voltage exceeding their rating in the state in which incandescent bulbs of at least one or more than two to the output terminal is connected. .

As the individual switching power supply circuits, for example, chopper choppers, boost choppers, choppers, forward converters, flyback converters, push-pull converters, high-bridge converters, and full bridge converters are known. In addition, depending on the power consumption and the number of incandescent lamps used, if the load is generally about 100 to 200W, the chopper or forward converter switching power supply circuit is the push pole, converter, half bridge, A switching power supply circuit of a converter type or a full bridge converter type is preferable.

Next, the switching power supply circuit of the forward converter method will be described with reference to the switching power supply circuit used in the present invention.

As shown in Fig. 1, in the switching power supply circuit, rectification and smoothing circuits for directing alternating current to an AC power source such as a light line are provided, and are connected to an input terminal connected to the AC power source AC. In the smoothing circuit 1, rectifying diodes D1 to D4 as rectifying means and a capacitor C1 as smoothing circuit are provided. A line filter 2 is fitted between the AC power supply AC and the rectification and smoothing circuit 1 to block external noise and internal noise as necessary.

The output terminal of the rectifying and smoothing circuit 1 is connected to a switching element 3 which is turned on and off at high speed to generate a high frequency pulse voltage, and an inverter transformer connected to the main path of the switching element 3 ( At the output terminal of T), high-speed diodes D5 and D6, such as a first recovery diode, inductors L, and capacitors C2 are formed, and a smoothing circuit 4 for smoothing and directing a high frequency pulse voltage is connected. It is.

The output terminal of the smoothing circuit 4 is connected with an incandescent lamp Z of at least one lamp or two lamps together with an output voltage detection circuit comprising a variable resistor Vr and a resistor R2.

A feedback amplifier 5 is connected to both ends of the resistor R2, and an output terminal of the feedback amplifier 5 is connected to the switching element 3 via a pulse width modulation circuit 7 having an oscillation circuit 6. It is connected to the control electrode.

In addition, the variable resistor (Vr) is for dimming by appropriately adjusting the voltage applied to the incandescent lamp (Z).

Referring to the operation of the switching device, the AC voltage from the AC power source AC is converted to DC by the rectification and smoothing circuit 1.

The DC output voltage of the rectifying and smoothing circuit 1 becomes a high frequency pulse voltage by the switching element 3 operating on and off at high speed, and the pulse voltage becomes a high frequency pulse voltage by the smoothing circuit 4. This pulse voltage is smoothed by the smoothing circuit 4, becomes a DC voltage, and is supplied to the incandescent lamp Z. On the other hand, the feedback amplifier circuit 5 compares the voltage across the resistor R2 divided by the output voltage detection circuit and the reference voltage W, amplifies the error, and supplies it to the pulse width modulation circuit 7. . The pulse width modulation circuit 7 is synchronized with the oscillation circuit 6, and can supply a control signal of an arbitrary pulse width to the control electrode of the switching element 3, and the output voltage of the feedback amplifier circuit 5 is predetermined. When the voltage is lower than the voltage, the pulse width of the control voltage supplied to the switching element 3 is widened. On the contrary, when the voltage is higher than the predetermined voltage, the pulse width is narrowed to stabilize the output voltage.

The lifetime of an incandescent lamp is known to be inversely proportional to approximately 13 times the applied voltage, and even a slight increase in the supply voltage is likely to be associated with a significant reduction in the lifetime. The switching power supply circuit used in the present invention is extremely easy to stabilize the output voltage, and exceeds the rating of the incandescent lamp even if the voltage or load current of the AC power source (AC) changes, preferably about 105 to 135 of the rating. It is possible to supply% stabilized DC voltage. Therefore, as in the present invention, even when an overvoltage is applied to the incandescent lamp and the lamp is turned on, the burden of the filament is relatively small, and it is easy to achieve a predetermined lifetime.

By the way, the rectifying and smoothing circuit 1 generally uses a relatively large capacity smoothing capacitor C1, and when the power is turned on, an inrush current accompanying the charging flows, so that the rectifying diodes D1 to D4 and the smoothing capacitor C1 are used. It may give a big damage to a back. In order to limit such inrush current, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, the inrush current limiting resistor R1 sandwiched between the smoothing capacitors C1 of the rectifying diodes D1 to D4 and the inrush current limiting resistor ( An inrush current limiting circuit comprising a thyristor Th having a main circuit connected in parallel to R1) and a conduction control circuit connected to a gate of the thyristor Th, and a smoothing capacitor via an inrush current limiting resistor R1. It is preferable to gradually charge (C1), conduct the thyristor Th and short-circuit the inrush current limiting resistor R1 by the conduction control circuit when the layer charge is completed.

In general, the filament resistance of incandescent bulbs at room temperature is known to be constant in incandescent light, and in this state, when suddenly applying a DC voltage exceeding its rating, a great inrush current flows to the filament and shortens the life of the incandescent bulb. Can be. In order to prevent such inrush current, the pulse width of the control voltage applied to the switching element 3 is increased and applied to the incandescent lamp each time the incandescent lamp is exchanged while the power switch is opened or closed. It is preferable to provide a soft start circuit in which a direct current voltage increases from a constant low voltage to a predetermined overvoltage.

As such a soft start circuit, the control of the switching element 3 is, for example, "μPC1094C (manufactured by Nippon Electric Co., Ltd.)", "μPC1094G (manufactured by Nippon Electric Co., Ltd.)", "MB3579 (manufactured by Fujitsu Co., Ltd.)", "TL494 ( It is preferable to use dead circuit control in combination with a delay circuit such as an RC time constant circuit using an integrated circuit for switching regulators manufactured by Texas Instruments.

This start circuit also has the effect of preventing damage to the switching element 3 accompanying overcharging of the large capacitor C2 at start-up and overshoot when the output voltage rises.

Further, in order to prevent damage to the switching element 3 due to the initial inrush current as the filament or the smoothing means, the arc discharge current accompanying the disconnection of the filament, and the overcurrent accompanying the runaway of the circuit, the main circuit of the switching element 3 It is also possible to provide a known overcurrent protection circuit for inserting a storage detecting means by, for example, a resistor, in the converter including at the same time, detecting the occurrence of an overcurrent based on voltage at both ends thereof, and conducting and controlling the switching element 3 to conduct. free.

In general, in the switching power supply circuit, overvoltage is hardly generated. For example, a voltage detection circuit is provided in the overcurrent protection circuit, and when a voltage is generated, the pulse width of the control voltage supplied to the switching element 3 is adjusted. It is also desirable to provide an overvoltage protection circuit that narrows or limits the overvoltage by turning off the pulse on the input side. In this way, the light obtained by applying a direct current voltage exceeding its rating to the incandescent lamp by a switching power supply circuit, preferably a direct current voltage of about 105 to 135% of the rating, is usually a color temperature of about 2,900 K or more, preferably Below 2,950 to 3,100K, there is no imbalance, and it is natural close to the spectrum distribution of sunlight, especially early morning sunlight, which is elegant to the eyes and can be used very advantageously for general lighting.

The life of the incandescent bulb at this time also depends on the applied voltage, the encapsulation gas, the structure shape, etc., but it is generally used for about 100 hours or more and does not interfere with general lighting.

When the inrush current at the time of power supply is limited by adopting a soft start circuit that increases the DC voltage applied to the incandescent lamp, the color temperature is about 2,900K or more for a long time, preferably 200 to 2,000 hours or more. It is excellent in color rendering properties without unbalance of about 2,950-3,100K, and it can acquire the natural light which is elegant to an eye stably. In particular, when a krypton bulb or a xenon bulb is turned on by applying a DC voltage of about 105 to 135% of its rating, a light having a color temperature of about 2,900K or more, preferably about 2,950 to 3,100K, is typically about 400 hours or more, Preferably, about 500 to 2,000 hours can be obtained over a long time.

In addition, when one lighting device according to the present invention is used to light two incandescent lamps, for example, even when both lamps are lit together, even if only one lamp is lit, the DC voltage supplied to the incandescent lamp can be substantially constant. In addition, even if the lights in the two lights are turned off or the lights are turned on while the lights are off, no overcurrent occurs or the circuit becomes unstable. At this time, even if only one lamp is lit, even if it is lit more than two lamps, a plurality of incandescent lamps are prepared in advance, and when the filter is lit every predetermined time, the same incandescent lamp is continuously lit. Lifespan can be further extended.

Furthermore, even though the switching power supply circuit has a relatively large power of about several hundred watts, it is extremely easy to compact and lightweight, and can cope with a relatively wide input voltage. Therefore, in a foreign country that differs from the light line voltage without changing the circuit constant, Can be used.

Therefore, the lighting device of the present invention is, for example, table and table lamps, such as adjusting lamps, desk lamps, hurricane lamps, table lamps and mini lamps, for example, under the shelves, ceiling lights, wall lights, Indoor / outdoor lighting fixtures such as suspension lamps, chandeliers, swagger lamps and floor lamps, garden lamps and door lamps, such as study rooms in private houses, mansions, apartments, complexes, children's rooms, bedrooms, living rooms, kitchens, restaurants, trays, washrooms, In the lighting of bathroom, aisle, stairs, balcony, entrance hall or library, school, studio, beauty salon, hospital, factory, office, inn, Japanese-style hotel, restaurant, banquet hall, wedding ceremony hall, meeting room, shop, supermarket, department store, Art gallery, museum, concert hall, hall, aircraft, vehicle, pool, gymnasium, stadium, poultry farm, fish farm, reading room in various facilities such as plant factory, classroom, hall, lobby, waiting room, treatment room, operating room, control room, office, drawing room , It can be used very advantageously for lighting of laboratory, lounge, guest room, club room, cooking room, cab, planting room.

In addition, at the same time as the unit of the illumination window of the present invention, a plurality of units are disposed in a private house or a place of a facility, and these units are individually wired by an illumination control system equipped with, for example, a dimming circuit or a switching circuit. By one or two or more of the wired control method such as a method, a dedicated line multiplex method, a telephone line use method, a power line broadcasting method and an optical fiber method, or a wireless control method such as radio wave, light type, ultrasonic type and artificial sound. Lighting pattern control, time schedule control, daylight sensor interlocking control, wall switch control, centralized control and / or dimming control can be performed. In particular, in a house, it is possible to integrate and control together with other electric devices by combining more than one of the lighting devices of the present invention in a home bus system.

In addition, since the light by the lighting apparatus of the present invention is natural light close to sunlight in the morning, for example, it exhibits a remarkable effect in the prevention and treatment of diseases such as visible muscle, chronic dystrophy and depression, and at the same time, the growth and productivity of animals and plants. It can be used as a physiotherapeutic means in treatment facilities such as homes, hospitals and clinics, and also as an illumination device in cultivation sites such as poultry farms, fish farms, and plant factories. In addition, the light obtained by applying a voltage exceeding the rating to the incandescent bulb contains abundant infrared rays, particularly far infrared rays having a wavelength of 25 to 1,000 microns. Far-infrared rays help promote sweating, oxygen intake, and circulation of blood, thereby promoting metabolism, lowering blood pressure, lowering blood sugar, releasing waste products, obesity, and restoring function. Alleviate

Thus, for example, the lighting device of the present invention using the incandescent bulb encapsulated in glass spheres with less lead content or exclusion of lead components to allow far-infrared light to pass through, stiff shoulders, alleviation of muscle tension in muscle pain, trauma, Adult diseases such as burns, rheumatism, arthritis, back pain, neuralgia, otitis externa, otitis media, sinusitis, pancreatitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, hoarseness, back pain associated with visceral disease, or cancer, hepatitis, cirrhosis It has a remarkable effect on the prevention and treatment of pneumonia, and can be extremely advantageously used as a physiotherapeutic means in treatment facilities such as general homes, hospitals and clinics.

In addition, light containing abundant far-infrared light promotes the growth of plants and exhibits a significant sterilization effect against microorganisms, and thus can be advantageously used as sterilization lamps in addition to lighting lamps in plantations such as plant factories.

Several types of switching power supply circuits have been known in the past, but, for example, DC voltages exceeding their effective voltages are picked up from relatively high voltage AC currents such as light wires, and DC voltages exceeding their ratings are applied to incandescent lamps. There is no example used for the lighting device to be stabilized, applied and lit.

The following description will be made based on the illustrated embodiment using the chopper type switching power supply circuit, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

2 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention using a voltage chopper switching power supply.

In the figure, AC is a light wire as an AC power source and is connected to the input terminal of the bridge diode D7 via the input terminals X1 and X2, the power switch SW and the inductor L1. Capacitors C3, C4, and C5 are connected to both terminals of the inductor L1, which together with the inductor L1 form a line filter.

The capacitors C4 and C5 are grounded through the ground terminal X5.

The smoothing capacitor C6 is connected to the output terminal of the bridge diode D7 via the inrush current limiting resistor R3, and the main circuit of the thyristor Th is connected in parallel to the inrush current limiting resistor R3.

A source of a power MOS field effect transistor (FET) as a switching element is connected to the smoothing capacitor C6, and a smoothing circuit composed of a priming diode D8, a high frequency inductor L2, and a capacitor C7 is connected to the drain thereof. have.

The output terminal of the smoothing circuit is equipped with a rectifier circuit consisting of transistors Tr1 and Tr2 and resistors R4 and R5. A constant voltage diode D9 and a capacitor C8 are connected to the collector of transistor Tr2 for voltage stabilization. It is. Voltages at both ends of the constant voltage diode D9 and the capacitor C8 are supplied to the cathode of the integrated circuit IC1 via the resistor R6 and the light emitting part PC1-1 of the photo coupler. The integrated circuit IC1 is an integrated circuit for the shunt regulator, and is selected from, for example, "μPC1093 (manufactured by Nippon Electric Co., Ltd.)," TL431 (manufactured by Texas Instruments) ", and the like. The output terminals X4 and X5 of the switching power supply circuit are connected with an incandescent lamp Z1 and Z2 together with an output voltage detection circuit comprising a variable resistor Vr and a resistor R7, and the resistor R7 is a shunt regulator. It is connected to the reference terminal "r" and the anode terminal A of (IC1). These shunt regulator integrated circuits (IC1) and output voltage detection circuits constitute a voltage comparison circuit, compare the output voltage and the reference voltage of the switching power supply circuit, and if the output voltage is higher than the reference voltage, the light emitting portion of the photocoupler. A current flows through PC1-1 to emit light, and an error signal is supplied to the integrated circuit IC2.

The integrated circuit IC2 controls the field effect transistor FET on and off based on the error signal. For example, "μPC1094C (Japan Electric Co., Ltd.)", "μPC1094G (Japan Electric Corporation)", "μPC494 (Japan) Electric Co., Ltd. "," TL494 (manufactured by Texas Instruments) "and" MB3597 "(manufactured by Fujitsu Co., Ltd.), etc., as an integrated circuit for a switching regulator, an oscillator (OSC), a reference voltage generator (REF), and a pulse. It accommodates a width modulation circuit (PWM) and an output circuit.

In this case, among the control circuits included in the switching power supply, for example, the main control circuit excluding the switching element, the thyristor, the input current limiting resistor and the output voltage sensing circuit is provided in the integrated circuit or the hybrid integrated circuit. This is very desirable in terms of size and cost down of the switching power supply. For example, the shunt regulator integrated circuit IC1, the photocoupler's light emitting and receiving sections PC1-1 and PC1-2, the switching regulator integrated circuit IC2 and, if necessary, should be generated using small heat and possibly When a hybrid integrated circuit has a photocoupler with associated circuit elements connected to the integrated circuit and the shortest possible wiring, which is generated using integrated circuits and less heat with shorter wiring, one of the switches has a consistently high performance and quality at low cost. Power supply can be provided.

Such hybrid integrated circuits are formed by connecting conventional shunt regulator IC tips, photocouplers, switching regulator IC tips and, if necessary, related elements to these devices and foundations, which are packaged entirely with a base plate of appropriate material, shape and size. Can be formed.

Hereinafter, referring to "μPC1094C" as an example, the power supply terminal Vcc is connected to the positive electrode of the smoothing capacitor C6 via the resistor R8, and the voltage at both ends of the smoothing capacitor C6 is equal to this. It is stepped down by the resistor R8 and subsequently stabilized by the constant voltage diode D10 and the capacitor C9, and then supplied to the integrated circuit IC2 for the switching regulator. Therefore, since the voltage at both ends of the smoothing capacitor C9, that is, the voltage at the power supply terminal Vcc, also increases after the power is turned on, the switching regulator integrated circuit IC2 has a predetermined power supply voltage of a predetermined constant value, for example, "μPC1094." In the case of ", it operates when it becomes 10 volts or more, and stops in a standby state at the voltage below it.

The oscillation circuit (0SC) generates a sawtooth wave and its oscillation frequency is the external capacitor (C10) connected between the pin (CD and the ground pin (GND)) and the external resistance (connected between the pin (m) and the collecting pin (GND). The pin CT is connected to the pulse width modulation circuit PWM in the integrated circuit IC2 so that the generated sawtooth wave is supplied to the pulse width modulation circuit PWM.

The reference voltage generating circuit REF is activated when the power supply voltage reaches a predetermined value or more after the power supply, and generates a reference voltage, and its output is supplied to the reference voltage terminal VREF. The generated reference voltage is applied to the gate of the thyristor Th through the main path of the resistor R10 and the high power transistor Th3 and conducts through the thyristor Th so that the inrush current limiting resistor R3 reference voltage generator circuit REF ) Operates to generate a reference voltage immediately after the power supply reaches or exceeds a predetermined magnitude, and this output is supplied to the reference voltage pin VREF. The generated reference voltage is applied to the gate of the thyristor Th through the main current path of the resistor R10 and the high voltage transistor Tr3 to trigger the thyristor Th and the input current limiting resistor R3.

The pulse width modulation circuit PWM is used to control the field effect transistor FET on and off based on an error signal from the shunt regulator integrated circuit IC1. The feedback control terminal FB and the emitter time control terminal (DCT) and overcurrent detection terminals (OCS) are provided. Among them, the light receiving portion PC1-2 of the photocoupler is connected to the feedback control terminal FB, and the error signal is insulated. An integrated circuit consisting of resistors R11 and R12 and a capacitor C11 is connected between the dead time control terminal DCT and the reference voltage terminals M to EF. When the reference voltage generation circuit REF operates, the dead time The control terminal DCT is applied with a decreasing voltage by this integrating circuit. Since the pulse width modulation circuit PWM is configured such that the pulse width is narrow when the voltage of the time control terminal DC is high, the pulse width gradually increases as the voltage decreases by the integrating circuit, and the output voltage of the switching power supply circuit is reduced. Gradually increases.

The overcurrent detecting terminal OCS is connected to a resistor R13 as a current detecting means inserted into the field effect transistor FET via the diode D11, and the voltage generated at both ends of the resistor R13 is a diode ( D11), rectified and smoothed by the resistor R14 and the capacitor C12, and then supplied to the overcurrent detecting terminal OCS. The pulse width modulation circuit PWM narrows the pulse width of the control signal supplied to the field effect transistor FET when the voltage across the resistor R13 exceeds a predetermined value. That is, the pulse width modulation circuit PWM compares the voltages applied from the sawtooth wave and the feedback control terminal FB, the overcurrent detection terminal OCS and the dead time control terminal DCT to the highest voltage by the OR logic gate. Basically, it is configured to control the pulse width. Therefore, first, the output voltage is raised by soft start, and there is no abnormality in the output current, and the output voltage is stabilized at a predetermined constant value.

The collector terminal COLLECTOR and the emitter terminal EMITTER of the output circuit are respectively connected to the power supply terminal Vcc and the coarse terminal GND, and the control signal of the pulse width modulation circuit PMM is amplified by the output circuit. The gate is then supplied to the gate of the field effect transistor FET via the output terminal OUT and the resistor R15.

Referring to the operation of this embodiment, immediately after switching on, an AC voltage is applied to the input terminal of the bridge diode D7 from the power source AC to the input terminal of the bridge diode D7 by the AC power source AC. At this time, since the thyristor Th is not conducting and the rectified output of the bridge diode D7 charges the smoothing capacitor C6, even when a relatively large capacity is used for the smoothing capacitor C6, the inrush current is turned on. Does not happen.

As the smoothing capacitor is charged, the voltage at both ends of the capacitor C9 also gradually increases. When the voltage reaches a predetermined value, the reference voltage generating circuit REF starts up and is applied to the trigger voltage via the gate resistor R10 and the transistor Tr3 of the thyristor Th and the thyristor Th conducts and inrushes. Short the current limiting resistor (R3). At this point, the smoothing capacitor C6 is almost completely charged in advance, and even if the rectified output of the bridge diode D7 is applied to the smoothing capacitor C6, no inrush current flows due to the charging.

When the reference voltage generation circuit REF starts, a voltage gradually increasing is applied to the dead time control terminal DCT of the pulse width modulation circuit PWM so that the control voltage supplied to the gate of the field effect transistor FET is reduced. The pulse width becomes wider with time, and the voltage supplied to the incandescent lamps Z1 and Z2 also rises with time.

Therefore, the time constant of the integrating circuit composed of the resistors R11 and R12 and the condenser C11 is set to a length sufficient to preheat the filaments of the incandescent lamps Z1 and Z2. It is possible to effectively prevent shortening the life of Z2).

When the field effect transistor FET is turned on, an integrated current flows through the incandescent lamps Z1 and Z2 and the high frequency inductor L2 to charge the capacitor C7. Next, when the field effect transistor FET is turned off, the current accumulated in the high frequency inductor L2 is discharged through the flywheel diode D8. As described above, when voltage is generated on the output side of the smoothing circuit including the high frequency inductor L2, the flywheel diode D8, and the capacitor C7 by the on / off repetition, the transistors Tr1, Tr2, and the resistors R4, R5. The constant current circuit is energized and the shunt regulator IC1 enters the operating state.

Thus, the voltage divided by the variable resistor Vr and the resistor R7 is compared with the reference voltage. When the output voltage is higher than the reference voltage, the pulse width of the control voltage supplied to the field effect transistor FET is narrowed. On the contrary, when it is lower than the reference voltage, by narrowing the pulse width, the DC voltage applied to the output end can be stabilized to a predetermined constant value.

If overcurrent occurs in the furnace including the incandescent lamps Z1 and Z2 due to something during use, an abnormal voltage is sensed at both ends of the current detecting resistor R3, and the integrated circuit IC2 for the switching regulator is detected. The overcurrent is limited by adjusting the pulse width of the control voltage supplied to the gate of the field effect transistor (FET) based on the voltage.

In this embodiment, if the input voltage of the field effect transistor (FET) and the DC voltage to be supplied to the incandescent lamp (Z) are Ei and Eos, respectively, and Ei is an average value of Ebav, the switching power supply of this embodiment is Ei <Eos. If the switch operation is stopped, the analog operation is stopped. If Eiav> Eos, the switch operation is switched.

When the middle Eiav and Bos are nearly equal, there is a concise switching operation.

For example, if Bos is set at about 115 volts, the power efficiency of the switching power source is about 94%, extremely high efficiency and almost constant, even if the 100 volts, 60 watts of incandescent lamps with a rated power of 60 watts are turned on or off.

As shown in Fig. 1, unlike the forward converter type switching power supply, since the inverter transformer is not required, it is more compact to reduce the power efficiency of the inverter transformer or to reduce the size of the switching power supply circuit without requiring a special accommodating space. It becomes easy.

In this embodiment, an electrostatic circuit comprising transistors Tr1 and Tr2 is provided on the output side of the smoothing circuit, and a constant bias voltage is always applied to the shunt regulator integrated circuit IC1 until the switching power supply circuit is in a steady state during power supply. This configuration is provided so that the Bos can be continuously controlled in the range of about 9 to 100% of the maximum output voltage through a wide range of about 10 to 116 volts simply by operating the variable resistor Vr. It can change light extremely smoothly.

In addition, in the present embodiment, the unitized and semi-fixed variable resistors (Vr) are accommodated in the unit, and the direct current voltages supplied to the incandescent lamps Z1 and Z2 can be continuously changed, or the variable resistors can be set inside or outside the unit, respectively. At the same time, the variable resistors may be switched from time to time by a switching means or the like.

For example, by using the following device, the lamp dimming is provided only by operating the variable resistor Vr2 to provide the external variable resistor Vr2 to the outside and to change the DC voltage to be supplied to the incandescent lamps Z1, Z2, Z3. Can achieve.

As shown in FIG. 3, a shunt regulator integrated circuit IC1 constituting the resistor R16 and the variable resistor Vr1 and a first circuit constituting the output voltage sensing circuit, the variable resistor Vr2 and the resistor R17 ). The second shunt regulator integrated circuit IC3 and the second circuit constituting another output voltage sensing circuit are connected in parallel to the output terminals X3 and X4 of the switching power supply circuit unit. The shunt regulator integrated circuit IC3 is turned on when the variable resistor Vr2 of the latter output voltage sensing circuit and the circuit state of both output voltage sensing circuits are connected to the variable resistor Vr2, while the variable resistor Vr2 is turned on. Is set to be turned on when the shunt regulator integrated circuit IC1 is removed.

As a result, a large number of incandescent lamps, typically a large number of incandescent lamps, operate with the switching power supply as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, so that heat generation by the bridge diode is significantly increased, thereby unnecessarily increasing the size and storage capacity. With heat sinks and bridge diodes. At the same time, by using such a device, the voltage increase through the bridge diode and the voltage drop along the main current path of the thyristor (Th) are added in series to prevent the increase of the maximum output voltage from the switching power supply.

4 shows an example of a rectifying circuit for a switching power supply which rarely causes such a problem.

In this embodiment, in order to short the input current limiting resistor R3, a pair of thyristors Th1 and Th2 are used, and their main current paths are connected to both terminals ("1", ") of the input current limiting resistor R3. It is not connected in parallel to "m", but is connected in parallel between the input current limiting resistor R3 terminal "1" and the terminals "n1" and "n2" on the AC side of the bridge diode D7. .

Due to this configuration, immediately after the pair of thyristors Th1 and Th2 are conducted, their main current path is allowed to bypass the input current limiting resistor R3 and the diode element to the feedback circuit of the bridge diode D7. . Thus, a portion of the current inherently flowing through the bridge diode D7 is bypassed to the main current path of the thyristors Th1 and Th2, which reduces heat generation by the bridge diode D7 and causes the bridge diode D7 to pass through. This eliminates the need for an unnecessarily bulky bridge diode as well as an unnecessary bulk heat sink.

In this case, since the main current paths of the thyristors TH1 and Th2 are connected in parallel with the diode elements of the precious circuit of the bridge diode D7, the voltage increase and the thyristors Th1 and Th2 of the bridge diode D7 are performed. The voltage ramping along with increases partially in parallel but does not rise in series as in the case of rectification and smoothing circuits in FIGS.

The light of this embodiment has a color temperature of 2,900K or more, preferably about 2,950 to 3,100K, which is excellent in color rendering, unbalanced, and elegant to the eyes, and is suitable for various lighting devices that use incandescent lamps more than one or more. Do.

In addition, the switching power supply circuit used in the present embodiment is an electric power supply means of an experimental device that requires a relatively high DC voltage stabilized in addition to the lighting device, or an electric motor for, for example, a dispenser, a ventilation fan, an air conditioner, a fan, and the like. It can be used advantageously.

As described above, in the present invention, since a light that applies a voltage exceeding the rated voltage is applied to the incandescent lamp, light suitable for natural light which is excellent for elegant natural lighting excellent in color rendering properties of about 2,950 to 3,100 K in the incandescent lamp is obtained over a long period of time. .

(i) High power efficiency makes it easy to miniaturize the power supply. (ii) It is easy to light two or more incandescent lamps with one power supply circuit. (iii) Easy voltage control. (Iv) It is possible to secure the constant, (iv) It is easy to soft the circuit, and it can prevent the shortening of the life of the incandescent lamp based on the output current at the time of power supply and the damage of the circuit element, and (v) The output voltage is continuously or stepwise It is easy to change and adjust dimming. (Vi) Even if the hatching power changes, power efficiency does not change significantly.

Therefore, the lighting device of the present invention is a house or a library, a school, a studio, a beauty salon, a hospital, a factory, an office, an inn, a hotel, a restaurant, a banquet hall, a wedding hall, a conference hall, a store, a supermarket, a department store, an art gallery, a museum, a performance It can be particularly advantageous for lighting of various facilities such as venues, halls, aircraft, vehicles, halls, gymnasiums, stadiums, poultry farms, fish farms, and factory.

In addition, the light of the illumination device of the present invention is a light close to the morning sunlight, for example, exhibits a remarkable effect in the prevention and treatment of diseases such as pseudo myopia, eye strain, depression and the like, growth and productivity of animals and plants It can be used as a physiotherapeutic means in a treatment facility such as a general home or a hospital clinic or as an illumination means in a cultivation place such as a poultry farm, a fish farm, or a plant factory.

The present invention is a great invention in that it contributes to such a technical system as a method of exerting a remarkable effect.

Claims (12)

In a lighting device using an incandescent lamp as a light source, a switching power supply circuit obtained by supplying a direct current voltage exceeding its energies to an incandescent lamp is provided, and the incandescent lamp is applied with a direct current voltage exceeding its rating to a color temperature of about 2,900 K. Illuminating apparatus characterized by radiating the above light. 2. An illuminating device according to claim 1, wherein a direct current voltage of about 105 to 135% of its rating is applied to the incandescent lamp. 2. An illuminating device according to claim 1, wherein the total luminous flux of said incandescent bulb is about 900 lumens or more. The illuminating device according to claim 1, wherein the incandescent bulb is a krypton bulb, an argon bulb, or a xenon bulb. 2. An illuminating device according to claim 1, wherein at least two incandescent lamps are used as the light source. The illuminating device according to claim 1, wherein the illuminating device is a fixture for a facility. The switching power supply circuit of claim 1, further comprising: a rectification and smoothing circuit for direct current alternating current (AC); A switching element having a main circuit connected to the output terminal of the rectifying and smoothing circuit and repeating the functions of turning on and off at high speed; A rectifier circuit connected to the main circuit of the switching element and directing an output voltage of the high frequency of the switching circuit; A feedback amplifier circuit connected to the output of said rectifier circuit for comparing the output voltage of said rectifier circuit with a reference voltage; And a pulse width modulation circuit for pulse width modulation of the control signal of the feedback amplification circuit to control the switching element on and off. The switching power supply circuit of claim 1, further comprising: an inrush current limiting resistor for preventing inrush current due to charging of the smoothing means; A thyristor having a main circuit connected in parallel with the inrush current limiting resistor; And an inrush current limiting circuit connected to the gate of the thyristor, the conduction control circuit conducting the thyristor at a time when charging of the smoothing means is almost completed. The switching power supply circuit of claim 1, wherein the switching power supply circuit includes a variable resistor and a resistor, and configures an output voltage detection circuit for detecting a DC voltage at both ends of the incandescent lamp, and adjusts the DC voltage applied to the incandescent lamp by the variable resistor. Illumination device, characterized in that to be dimmed by. 2. The lighting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the switching power supply circuit is a RC time constant circuit, and includes a soft start circuit for gradually increasing the DC voltage applied to the incandescent lamp. 8. A lighting device according to claim 7, wherein the switching power supply circuit is a chopper type. 8. The lighting apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the feedback amplification circuit and the pulse width modulation circuit are provided in an integrated circuit or a hybrid integrated circuit tip.