KR100213803B1 - Prefabricated Concrete Basement, How to Build Basement and House with Basement - Google Patents

Abstract

The prefabricated concrete basement is composed of a number of underground units, each of which consists of a rectangular bottom plate and side plates, which open up the upper surface and form a rectangular box structure, and a plurality of underground units are arranged side by side in their width. Two adjacent units of a plurality of underground units are connected to each other and each sub-unit consists of a plurality of precast concrete blocks adjacent to each other in a plane parallel to each other and perpendicular to their longitudinal direction. Are integrated with each other by the first connector, and the blocks are provided with a waterproof layer on the entire outer surface of the bottom plate portion and the side plate portion and a protective layer on the waterproof layer.

Moreover, the house which has such a basement can be built by the method of building such a basement.

Description

Prefabricated concrete basement, how to build this basement and houses with this basement.

1A to 1I are individual perspective views showing a method of constructing a basement according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a perspective view of an example of a block used in the construction method of the present invention.

3 is a cross-sectional view of the basement where the house is located.

4 is a side view of the basement cross section of FIG.

5 is a plan view of a metal coupler connecting two adjacent underground units.

6 is a cross-sectional view of the metal fitting shown in FIG.

7 is a cross-sectional view of a connecting structure connecting side plate portions of adjacent underground units.

8 is a cross-sectional view of the connecting structure for connecting the beam to the side plate portion of the underground unit.

9 is a plan view of a joining metal fitting connecting the blocks to each other.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view of the joining metal fitting shown in FIG.

11 is a perspective view of a block composed of gable of an underground unit.

12 is a sectional view of the structure of the beam connection.

13 is a schematic perspective view of a basement according to another embodiment of the present invention.

The present invention relates to a prefabricated concrete basement suitable as part of a residential house, and more particularly to a basement constructed to form an integral box-like fuselage with an underground unit made of a plurality of precast concrete blocks adjacent to each other.

The invention, in particular made of a number of precast concrete blocks adjacent to each other, also relates to a method of building such a basement and to a house having such a basement.

In recent years it has been common to build basements or rooms in ordinary homes for housing reasons, for lack of housing or for some other reason.

Most of the basements attached to the houses were built as underground storage spaces or warehouses. Therefore, the basements were constructed with capsules in the form of containers that form large holes and are anchored underground with anchor bolts. (Example: Japanese Patent Application No. Hei 1-15663)

However, the above-mentioned basement, which is constructed to be suitable as an underground warehouse, has a relatively small internal space as a whole and does not provide sufficient functions necessary for constructing a multi-room house thereon.

Therefore, the current trend is to build the basement concrete and increase its overall size.

Conventional reinforcement concrete basement is constructed by concrete deposition at the site. First, underground area is excavated more than the basement site to be constructed, and the area of the cavity is formed to a certain depth with power shovel, and gravel area It is laid on the section, then the concrete is laid on the ground covered with gravel to lay the concrete foundation.

The bottom reinforcement or reinforcing steels are then arranged in a grid frame and concrete is joined around the bottom reinforcement.

In this case, in order to connect the reinforcing bar and the bottom reinforcing bar, the bottom reinforcing bar is disposed so that the protruding bars protrude from the concrete surface at the position where the side wall is to be formed vertically.

The protruding bar protruding at a predetermined position of the hardened portion of the concrete on the bottom is connected to the vertical bar of the side wall, and the horizontal bars of the side wall are connected to the vertical bar and constructed with the reinforcing bars of the side wall.

A framework is then made on both sides of the rebar in the sidewalls and the concrete is joined into the cavity formed by the frame to form the sidewalls.

After hardening concrete at the side wall, the frame is separated and the space outside the side wall is filled, so the construction of the basement is completed.

However, in the prior art of basement construction, basement construction is carried out by the presence of concrete on the side of the ground, resulting in various problems, such as deterioration of process efficiencies and long-term construction.

Moreover, the construction work related to concrete construction on the construction site has the problem that when constructing the side walls, the space for the frame construction should be secured on both sides of the side wall reinforcement, which is more underground than the area of the basement construction. This has resulted in digging up and raising costs.

Therefore, the present invention has been extensively researched to solve the above problems, and as a result, the entire basement is constructed only by setting the block when the precathed block is connected to the rain furnace, and thus not only the operation efficiency at the site. It was found that the area of the ground to be excavated can be reduced.

However, simply housing the interior of the basement in multiple blocks has a problem that needs to be solved that the size of each block can be increased and a new work of connecting the blocks to each other is required.

When the basement is constructed of precast concrete, special attention is paid to the waterproofing, and there is a problem that the working efficiency may reduce work efficiency on the construction site.

Under these circumstances, the present invention could be realized.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a prefabricated basement and a method of building such a basement that is simply constructed and increases work efficiency in the workplace.

Therefore, according to one aspect of the present invention, the concrete prefabricated basement is a rectangular box-shaped structure in which the upper surface is opened with a plurality of underground units each consisting of a bottom plate portion and a side plate portion, each of which is a regular rectangle.

Multiple underground units are arranged side by side to form their one-way width.

In these multiple underground units, any two adjacent underground units are connected to each other.

Here, each of the underground units is composed of a plurality of precast concrete blocks adjacent to each other in each plane perpendicular to their longitudinal direction.

These blocks are integrated with each other as metal fastening elements.

These blocks consist of a protective layer on the waterproofing layer and on the entire outer surface of the bottom plate and side plate portions thereof.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of constructing a basement consisting of a plurality of underground units.

Here, each of the underground units includes a generally rectangular bottom plate portion and a side plate portion to form a rectangular box structure having an open top surface.

The bottom plate portion and the back plate portion are covered with a waterproofing layer on their outer side and protective layers on the waterproofing side.

The method of constructing the basement is made of precast concrete and includes a bottom plate portion and one set of opposing side plate portions integrated with the bottom plate portion so that each one end of the side plate portion is connected to the opposite side of the one set of the bottom plate portion. At the same time, a bottom plate portion and three side plate portions integral with the bottom plate portion are formed to form a trough structure having a U-shaped cross section, and each one end of the side plate portion is bottom plate. Manufacturing a main body block by connecting the opposite end of one set of parts and one end of the opposite end of another set to surround the bottom plate with the end of one of the four ends of the bottom plate part opened; , Bottom plate part and side of the block consisting of basic basement structure Manufacturing a waterproofing layer on the entire outer surface of the rate portion, manufacturing a protective layer on the outer surface of the waterproofing layer, two gable blocks and at least one main body so that the gable blocks are between at least one main body block. Arranging the blocks, setting the gable block and the at least one main body block at the base, and connecting the main body block to the pulsing block, so that the open end of the bottom plate of the main body gable block and the bottom plate of the gable block. Since the open ends of the portions are supported to face each other, the underground unit having the rectangular bottom plate and the side plate portion forms a rectangular box structure with the upper surface open, and among the plurality of underground units arranged side by side with each other. Either two adjacent units of the cable can be connected to the metal fasteners It consists of the steps that make them form a basic basement structure.

According to the present invention, the underground units are cut in a plane perpendicular to their longitudinal axis to produce a set of concrete blocks having the shape of partitioned parts, arranging these blocks inside the excavated holes, and placing these blocks into the length of the underground units. It is constructed by connecting with each other in the direction, which facilitates assembly in the workshop of the underground unit.

Furthermore, according to the present invention, the bottom plate portion and the side plate portions of the blocks each consist of a waterproof layer on their entire outer surface and a protective layer on the outer surface of the waterproof layer, resulting in a simple waterproofing work in the field.

According to another aspect of the present invention relates to a house construction with a basement.

This concrete prefabricated basement is composed of a number of underground units, each unit having a rectangular bottom plate and side plates formed of a rectangular structure with the top open, and a number of underground units side by side in their width direction. Arranged, two of them adjacent to each other are connected to each other and a residential house is built on this basement, and at least one beam is formed between the house and the basement.

Here each underground unit is composed of a plurality of precast concrete blocks adjacent to each other in a plane parallel to each other and perpendicular to their longitudinal direction, these blocks are formed integrally with each other by the first connecting means.

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1a to 1i illustrate the construction process of a prefabricated concrete basement according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 shows an example of a block for constructing a basement used in the method of constructing this basement.

3 is a cross-sectional view of the basement where the house is located.

Basic concepts relating to implementing the method of constructing a basement according to the invention are first described with reference to FIGS. 1A-1I and 2 and 3.

One of the problems caused by making the basement out of precast concrete and simply partitioning its interior into several blocks is one of the consequences of increasing the size of each of the partitioned blocks and revealing different types of blocks. There is a hassle that complicates work and needs to perform waterproof work on site.

In view of these points, according to the present invention, the basement to be constructed comprises a bottom plate portion and a side plate portion surrounding the bottom plate to form a rectangular box-shaped underground unit having an open top surface.

These two types of underground units are the first underground unit 1 and the second underground unit 2.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1A-1I and 3, the first underground unit 1 is somewhat longer than the second underground unit 2.

The basement according to the present invention is composed of three underground units, in particular, two first underground units and one second underground unit, and two underground units are inserted into the second underground unit. .

The first and second underground units (1) and (2) respectively correspond to their interiors in order to improve the transport and work efficiency in consideration of the transport of the blocks to the workplace and the work or construction efficiency when installing the various blocks. Comprising of main blocks 10 and 20 and their respective ends having a U-shaped cross section, the gable blocks 11 and 21 are individually provided.

Both main body blocks and gable blocks coincide with underground units cut into multiple planes parallel to each other and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the underground unit.

In order to facilitate waterproofing in the field, as shown in FIG. 2, the waterproofing layer 50 has the entire outer surface of each main body block 10 and 20 and the entire outer surface of the gable blocks 11 and 21, respectively. It can be formed on the surface, and the protective layer 51 can be formed on the entire outer surface of each waterproof side 50.

3 to 12 show an example of the silencing chamber of the present invention constructed by the method shown in FIGS. 1A to 1I, and G and M respectively represent basements and houses located on the basements.

Basement G has the following structure.

That is, the first base is composed of a bottom plate portion 5 and a side plate portion 5 surrounding the bottom plate portion 5 in two types, each of which has a rectangular box-shaped structure with the top surface open. The unit 1 and the second underground unit 2 are arranged side by side in the width direction.

In FIG. 1e, the underground unit 2 is inserted by two underground units 1.

Underground units (1) and (2) (two first underground units (1) and one second underground unit (2)) are connected to each other, with each side plate portion of adjacent underground units passing through the side plate portions. They are connected to each other using connecting bolts and metal fixing elements.

Moreover, the PCs inserted into the insertion holes 13a formed in the blocks along the lengths of the underground units to be connected to each other or penetrate them or in the longitudinal direction, that is, the blocks constituting the underground units 1 or 2 are connected to each other. By means of steel bars (fixed elements of metal) (shown in FIGS. 1e, 2 and 11).

In the embodiment shown in the figure, the two types of beams, e.g. the long beams 14 and the short beams 15, connect the blocks with each other to the side plate portions of the main block 10 and the gable block 11. On each top.

Underground units (1) and (2) may also serve as the foundation of a building (H), such as a house or residence.

The first underground unit 1 consists of a number of precast concrete blocks 10 and 11 partitioned in a plane parallel to each other and perpendicular to their longitudinal direction, which blocks are made of PC steel bars 13. The bottom plate portion of is connected to each other as a binder to prevent penetration of water by allowing the beams to lie on top of the blocks 10 and 11.

In particular, the blocks 10 and 11 are assembled in the shape and size described below in failure.

The main body block 10 is designed to form the inner portion or the central portion of the underground unit 1, the gable block 11 is designed to build the gable portion at both ends of the underground unit (1).

The main body block 10 and the gable block 11 are surrounded by gable blocks 11 with the main body blocks in the center, and the ends of two adjacent main body blocks 10 and the gable block 11. The side surfaces face each other so that the PC steel bars 13 are positioned to penetrate the blocks through guide holes 13a appropriately formed therein, and are tightened and pulled to induce prestress in the blocks. do.

This allows the blocks to be firmly connected to each other to form the first underground unit 1.

Each main block 10 forming the inner or central portion of the first underground unit 1 is a bottom plate section 10a and has a pair of opposing side plate sections 10b and 10c with a first c. It forms a U-shaped longitudinal section of a loop-shaped structure as shown in FIGS.

The bottom plate sections together form the bottom plate section 5, and the side plate sections together form the side plate section 5.

The outer surfaces of the bottom plate section 10a and the side plate sections 10b of the main body block 10 are covered with a waterproof layer 50, and a protective layer 51 is formed on the waterproof layer 50.

These layers prevent groundwater from penetrating from the basement into the basement interior.

The waterproof layer 50 is preferably a waterproof sheet made of rubber asphalt, vulcanized rubber or polyvinyl chloride, which sheet is bonded to the bottom plate section or the side plate section.

However, the waterproof layer 50 is not limited thereto, and may be formed by coating a waterproof material such as an asphalt main component waterproof material on the wall surface of the basement.

The protective layer 51 protecting the waterproof layer 50 may be achieved by applying a plastic board or the like on the waterproof layer 50.

However, the protective layer 51 may be made of other materials or formed in other ways as long as the waterproof layer 50 is not in direct contact with the ground.

The bottom plate section 10a of the main body block 10 is provided with a pressing portion 10d which mainly consists of a single steel plate F1.

In the pressing portion 10d, a plurality of inserting portions 31 are fitted to engage with bolts 32 fixing the metal connectors 30.

On the other hand, the side plate section 10b and the side plate section 10c on the side connected to the second underground unit 2 have a thickness W that is about 2/3 of the thickness T of the side plate section 10b. When the side plate sections 10b and 10c overlap each other, the thickness of this overlap is not too thick. (Figures 1c to 1e)

If necessary, the relatively thin plate sections 10b and 10c each have a plurality of insertion holes 10e (see FIG. 2), connecting bolts 29 for connecting adjacent underground units as shown in FIG. To be inserted into it.

A plurality of insertion holes 17 are formed in the upper end of each side plate section 10b and 10c to form the beams 14 and 15 as shown in FIG. 8 in the side plate section 10b or 10c. The long bolt 16 for fixing to the mandrel consists of a mandrel shaft 16a which is mainly a male screw, and a nut 16c which is screwed with the mandrel shaft 16a by a fixing plate 16b and a fixing plate 15b. do.

If necessary, the side plate section 10b is provided with a metal fitting 18 having a conventional U-shaped cross section as shown in FIG.

The metal fittings 18 formed in the two adjacent side plate sections 10b may be fixed by the bolt 18a and the nut 18b.

Meanwhile, the gable block 11 formed at each end of the first underground unit 1 has side plate sections 11b and 11c surrounding three end faces of the bottom plate section 11a as shown in FIG. ) And a rectangular bottom plate section 11a composed of 11d).

In this embodiment, the side plate section 11c forms a gable wall of the first underground unit 1.

In the case of the gable block 11, like the inner block 10, it is formed on the entire outer surface of each bottom plate section 11a and side plate section 11b of the waterproof layer 50, and the protective layer 51 It is formed on the entire outer surface of each waterproof layer 50.

The bottom plate section 11a is composed of a plurality of pressing portions 11e, and an insertion portion 17 is inserted into the pressing portion 11e for screwing a long bolt 16 into the pressing portion 11e.

The side plate section 11d of the block 11 on the side to which the second underground unit 2 is connected has a thickness W of about 2/3 of the thickness T of the side plate section 11b. When the sections 11b and 11d overlap each other, the total wall thickness of this overlapping portion is not large (see also FIG. 1e).

The upper end of each side plate section 11b, 11c and 11d may be provided with a plurality of inserts 17 having the same structure as shown in FIG. 8, each insert 17 being a beam. As shown in FIG. 8, the beams 14 or 15 may be connected to the side plate sections 10b or 10c by the insert 17 as shown in FIG. The lengthened bolt 11b for fixing to 11b), 11c) or 11d is allowed to be inserted therein.

Hereinafter, a structure for allowing the second underground unit 2 to be inserted between the two first underground units 1 will be described.

Basically, the second underground unit 2, like the first underground unit 1, is divided into a plurality of precast blocks divided into planes parallel to each other and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction thereof. ) And gable blocks (21), these blocks have PC steel bars (13) passing through their bottom plate portions, and two types of beams.

That is, the long beams 14 and the short beams 15 are connected to each other by a binder that prevents invasion of water while being positioned at the upper ends of the blocks 20 and 21.

The blocks 20, which are one of the parts of the second underground unit 2, each consist of a bottom plate section 20a and a pair of opposing side plate sections 20b and 20c, and have a U-shaped cross section, The other parts of the underground unit 2, which are positioned at both ends of the second underground unit 2, are the bottom plate section 21a, and the side plate sections 21b, 21c and 21c surrounding the bottom plate section, respectively. 21d) consisting of U-shaped cross section.

Regarding the blocks 20 and 21, the waterproof layer 50 is formed by the bottom plate sections 20a and 21a and the side plate sections 20b, 20c, 21b, 21c and 21c. 21d) is formed on the entire outer surface, and a protective layer 51 is formed on the entire outer surface of each waterproof layer 50. As shown in FIG.

However, since the second underground units 2 are arranged to be inserted between the two first underground units 1, the side plate section of the main block 20 forming the inner or central part of the underground unit 2 ( 20b) and (2c) and the side plate sections 21 and 21d of the gable block 21 forming the gable portion of the underground unit 2, respectively, the side surfaces forming the outer wall of the main body block 10. Since the plate section 10b has a thickness W of about two thirds of the thickness T, the overlapping total wall thicknesses are not too thick when the side plate sections of two adjacent underground units overlap each other.

The main body block 20 and the gable block 21 have the same structure as the blocks 10 and 11 in other respects.

That is, the beams 14 and 15 are placed on the upper end of each of the side plate sections 20b, 20c, 21b and 21d, and the side plate sections 20b and 20c shown in FIG. A plurality of insertion holes 17 are formed separately for inserting the long bolts 16 therein for fixing to the, 21b or 21d.

If necessary, side plate sections 20b, 20c, 21b or 21d are used to connect two adjacent side block sections 10b, 10b as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10. It can be provided with the same metal coupling 18 as the coupling.

Metal fittings 18 formed in two adjacent side plate sections 20b, 20c, etc., may be fixed to each other with bolts 18a and nuts 18b.

Each of the side plate sections 20b, 20c, 21b, and 21d is formed with a plurality of insertion holes 20e identical to the insertion holes 10c shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, connecting bolts 29 for connecting adjacent underground units are inserted therein.

The two types of beams, namely the long beams 14 and the short beams 15, which are intended to be installed in the blocks 10, 11, 20 and 21, etc., will now be described.

The beams 14 and 15 are each made of precast concrete in the form of square ribs.

These beams not only secure the upper ends of the blocks 10, 11, 20 and 21 connected to each other in the longitudinal direction, but also the building (for example houses in the illustrated example, see also FIG. 3). Support the first bottom panel to be placed.

The equipment 14 allows a number of long bolts 16 to penetrate them vertically so that they are firmly fixed to the side plate portion of the underground unit 1 along its length (FIG. 8).

As shown in FIG. 12, each piece of equipment 14 has a mount portion 14a protruding from the lower end portion on one side.

As shown in FIG. 8, the mount portion 14a having the insertion portion 17 formed in the block 10 or the like is useful for fixing a single beam 15 to the equipment 14.

As shown in FIG. 8, the unit beams 15 and the long bolts 16 penetrating through them are each inserts formed in the mount portion 14a in the same manner as when the block 14 is connected to the block 10. (17) can be secured to the mounting portion (14a) of the equipment 14 because it is screwed into.

At the same time the unit beams 15 are made of precast concrete in this embodiment, which can also be made of H − type steel beams.

The housing (H) constructed on the underground units (1) and (2) is composed of a first floor wall panel and a second floor panel, a frame on a single floor panel of a unitary floor panel that is placed on a bed 14. (fromework), consisting of wood framing and roof panels.

The housing H is not particularly limited to the above components and may be constructed in a conventional manner or a conventional one-piece housing.

Since the housing is formed on the top surface of the beam and is connected to the beam by an anchor bolt protruding therefrom, the wall panel, floor panel, etc. can be integrated.

Next, we will explain how to build a basement using the above-mentioned underground units and how to build a house with this basement.

First, precast concrete blocks made of underground units (1) and (2) are constructed in advance because they are set to have a predetermined size such as concrete in a factory.

The waterproof layer 50 is formed on the entire outer surface of each block, and the protective layer 51 is formed on the entire surface of the waterproof layer 50 at the factory.

These blocks are then transported to the construction site by trucks.

The blocks are U-shaped in cross section and divided into planes parallel to each other and perpendicular to the direction along the length of the underground unit 1 or 2, so that the two types of blocks, namely the underground unit 1 or 2, There is a need to manufacture U-shaped blocks consisting of inner or central parts and blocks forming the gable portions of the underground unit 1 or 2.

If you want to build a relatively large basement, it is sufficient to use a large number of U-shaped blocks without increasing the size of each block itself.

This significantly improves the transport efficiency of the block from the factory to the construction site.

Before assembling the blocks on-site to build the basement, a suitable area of the basement is excavated to form holes of a predetermined size, the foundation of the crushed gravel is formed, the concrete western-slab is set, and then the foundation is made.

Moreover, in this case, the steel pipes 40 serving as a reference for the position of installing the blocks may be embedded. (Figure 1a).

The blocks are unloaded from the truck by a crane or the like, and then moved to the ground, and are assembled in the field because they are connected to each other in the order shown in FIGS. 1A to 1E.

In particular, it is initially installed while being arranged starting from the center as shown in FIG.

That is, the center of the underground unit 2, for example, the block is first installed in this embodiment, the two blocks 10 are connected to both sides of the block 20, as shown in Figure 1c.

When the blocks 10 are connected to the block 20, the long bolts 29 are inserted into the insertion holes formed in the block 10 and the block 20 so that the blocks 10 and 20 are integrally assembled with each other. To be possible.

The other block 20 is then connected to the block 20 initially installed in the longitudinal or longitudinal direction of the underground unit 2 to be built.

In this case, the metal connector 30 is located on the two pressing portions 20d of the two adjacent blocks 20, and is connected to the bolt 32 screwed with the insertion portion 31 embedded in the block 20. By being fixed to the block 20, it allows the adjacent blocks 20 can be integrally assembled with each other.

Each time the new blocks 20 are connected to the pre-installed block 20, one block 10 is connected to each side wall of the new block 20 in the same manner as described above, and this process is performed by the underground unit 1 and The predetermined number of blocks 10 and 20 forming the (2) are repeated until installed.

Finally, gable blocks 11 and 21 are formed which form gables of underground units 1 and 2.

These gable blocks 11 and 21 place the metal connectors 30 on the pressing portions 10d and 11e or on the pressing portions 20d and 20e and the bolts 32 on the blocks 10. ) And (21) or the adjacent block 10 in a manner of fixing the metal connector 30 to the block (10) or (20) by screwing into the insertion portion (31) embedded in the block (20) and (21). And 20 separately.

PC steel bars 13 are inserted through respective facing holes formed longitudinally in the block and these bars are pressed using jacks to fix the initial stress to the structure at both ends thereof (Fig. 1e).

After stressing the PC steel bar, cements are filled in the sheath or pipes.

After stressing the PC steel bars, the equipments 14 are secured to the upper ends of the underground unit side plate sections as shown in FIG. 1f, so that the short beams 15 are equipment as shown in FIG. 1g. Can be supported on the mount 14a.

Thus, the skeleton of the basement is completed.

After stressing the PC steel bar and completing the fixation of the beams 14 and 15, the cement paste is broken into the bottom plate sections of the block as shown in FIG. 1h where cements such as mortar, bentonite or chemical composition are shown in FIG. It is poured between the concrete and the foundation concrete to fill the cavity between them, allowing the sideplate sections to be firmly attached to the foundation.

After the final interior finishing work, the basement shown in Figure 1i is completed.

On the other hand, the housing (H) is located in the beams (14) and (15) of the integral floor panels when he is mainly constructed of panels, assembled on the first floor panel, after forming the frame and wood frame It is constructed by assembling the roof panel.

Each wall panel of the first bar portion of the housing H joins the anchor bolts protruding from the upper surface of the concrete beam into bolts formed by fitting into the holes formed by the lower ends of the respective wall panels.

Fig. 13 shows another embodiment of the present invention, where the basement G is a skeleton composed of two basement units 3 and 4 connected in parallel in the width direction.

Underground units (3) and (4) are each a plurality of precast concrete block, for example, main body block (60) divided into a plane parallel to each other and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the underground units (3) and (4) It consists of gable blocks 61.

The block 60 consists of the bottom plate section 60 and the side plate sections 60b and 60c while at the same time the block 61 consists of the bottom plate section 61a and the side plate sections 61b and 61c. It consists of 61d.

The side sections 60b or 61d to be connected to the side plate sections of the adjacent underground unit have a thickness of about 2/3 of the thickness of the side plate section which is the other side plate section or the outer wall of the skeleton.

Thus, the construction of blocks 60 and 61 may be similar to that of blocks 10 and 11 or blocks 20 and 21 except that blocks 60 and 61 have beams 61e. Substantially the same as the construction, the frame is integrally formed at the upper end of each side plate section 60b, 60c, 61b, 61c and 61d.

In other words, the beam 14 is integrated with the side plate section in this embodiment.

As a result, since the beam 14 is not connected to the side plate by the structure shown in FIG. 8, the step of assembling the beam can be reduced.

Furthermore, this increases the efficiency of construction on site.

Blocks by the construction and the process is installed from the center of the portion to be arranged to visually extend to all sides of the first installed block, so that the installation and connection of the block is made correctly.

In particular, since the block connection is performed based on the main body block located in the center of the basement to be constructed, no block is separated from the main body block of the originally installed standard, thereby minimizing deviation from the reference block. This allows the connection to be performed with very high precision.

Moreover, since underground units are made up of a plurality of precast blocks that allow adjacent blocks to be connected by metal fittings 30, it facilitates the connection of blocks in all longitudinal and width directions, and underground units in the field. It is possible to easily construct and assemble.

The waterproof layer 50 and the protective layer 51 are formed on the entire outer surface of each bottom plate section and side plate sections of the block, thereby facilitating waterproofing in the field.

Since the thickness of the side plate section to be connected to the adjacent side plate section is reduced to about two thirds of the thickness of the side plate section forming the outer wall of the basement, the inner compartment is divided even when the underground units are connected in parallel in the width direction. Increase the efficiency of using raw materials without increasing the wall thickness.

By forming the blocks integrally with adjacent underground units by penetrating the sideplate sections of the block of bolts, the height difference between the underground units and between them is avoided as well as increases the mechanical strength of the structure.

Since the house H can be assembled on the basement using the beams or beams of the basement as the foundation, it is possible to prevent the construction work of the foundation, which was generally considered unavoidable.

This makes it possible to build a basement without limiting the position of the foundation, while enabling the construction of a large basement.

Of course, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, the size and shape of the block can be appropriately modified as required by the present design.

For example, the blocks that form the entry of the basement unit or the basement can be opened as needed.

In this case, the underground room units may be formed integrally with each other by connecting the bottom plate section of one of two adjacent underground units to the bottom plate section of another unit.

Claims (27)

In the concrete assembly basement consisting of a plurality of underground units, each underground unit is composed of a rectangular bottom plate portion and a side plate portion to form a rectangular box structure having an open upper surface, and a plurality of underground units side by side in the width direction thereof. Arranged in such a way that any two adjacent units of the plurality of underground units are connected to each other, with each of the plurality of precast blocks adjacent each other in a plane in a direction parallel to each other and perpendicular to their longitudinal direction. A prefabricated concrete basement constructed such that the blocks are integrated with each other by a first connecting means, and on the entire outer surface of the bottom plate portion and the side plate portion, a waterproof layer and a protective layer coated on the waterproof layer. 2. The device of claim 1, wherein each underground unit has two opposing first side plate sections formed integrally with the first bottom plate section while positioning the first bottom plate section and the first bottom plate section therebetween. Since the first bottom plate section and the two first side plate sections form a U-shaped cross-section, the at least two gable blocks may comprise a second bottom plate section and two of them. It consists of three second side plate sections formed integrally with the second bottom plate section, and the remaining second side plate sections comprise two opposing second side plate sections and second bottom plate sections. The second bottom plate section of the main body block and the three second side plate sections of the gable block open at the Prefabricated concrete basement with rectangular box structure. 3. The prefabricated concrete basement of claim 2 wherein the prefabricated concrete basement is configured to consist of a first beam and a second beam supported by the first beam on the upper end of each of the first and second side plate sections. 4. The prefabricated concrete basement according to claim 3, wherein said first and second beams are formed from precast concrete beams installed at upper ends of respective first and second side plate sections. The method of claim 4, wherein the first beam is composed of at least one or more mounts and is firmly connected to each upper end of the first and second side plate sections by bolts vertically penetrating the second beam, the second beam being one end thereof. Prefabricated concrete that allows the other end to be supported on at least one or more mounts of another adjacent first beam while the part is supported on a mount of at least one or more mounts of any one first beam cellar. 6. The prefabricated concrete basement of claim 5 wherein the first beam is a beam portion integrally formed on the upper end of each of the first and second side plate sections. 3. The basement according to claim 2, wherein at least one of the two first side plate sections of at least one main body block adjacent to each other side of the first or second side plate sections forming the outer wall of the basement is the basement. A prefabricated concrete basement that is about two-thirds the thickness of the first or first side plate section forming the outer wall of the wall. 3. The prefabricated concrete basement according to claim 2, wherein at least one main body block and two adjacent sections of the first and second side sections of the gable blocks are connected to each other by a second connecting means. 3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein any two adjacent respective blocks of at least one main body block and at least two gable blocks are on each bottom plate of any two adjacent blocks of at least one main body block and at least two gable blocks. Prefabricated concrete basement to be connected to each other by a third connecting means formed in the. The prefabricated concrete basement according to claim 1 or 8, wherein the first connecting means is made of a bolt and a nut. The prefabricated concrete basement according to claim 1, wherein the second connecting means is made of PC steel bar. 10. The prefabricated concrete basement according to claim 9, wherein the second connecting means is a metal connector. A plurality of underground units consist of a residential house and at least one beam, each unit consisting of a bottom plate portion and a side plate portion which is usually rectangular to form a rectangular box structure with an open top. Concrete prefabricated basement arranged side by side in the width direction, allowing two adjacent units of a plurality of units to be connected to each other, a residential house being installed in the basement, and at least one beam being installed between the house and the basement. In the construction of a house having a structure, each underground unit is composed of a plurality of precast concrete blocks parallel to each other and adjacent to each other in a plane perpendicular to their longitudinal direction, so that the blocks are integrated with each other by the first connecting means. House with a basement. 14. A house according to claim 13, wherein the blocks have a waterproofing layer and a protective layer on the waterproofing layer on the entire outer surface of their bottom plate side and side plate portions. The two opposing first sides according to claim 13 or 14, wherein each underground unit is formed integrally with the first bottom plate section while positioning the first bottom plate section and the first bottom plate section therebetween. Since the first bottom plate section and the two first side plate sections form a U-shaped cross section, the at least two gable blocks are formed with the second bottom plate section and they are composed of at least one main body block with plate sections. Two of which are composed of three second side plate sections which are integrally formed with the second bottom plate section, and the remaining second side plate sections are two opposing second side plate sections and second bottom plate sections. In contact with three end faces, and the second bottom plate section of the main body block and the three second side plate sections of the gable block. Having a basement to be the opening of a rectangular box structure housing. 16. The home of claim 15, wherein the basement comprises a first beam and a second beam supported by the first beam on top portions of each of the first and second side plate sections. 17. The house of claim 16, wherein the first and second beams are each made of precast concrete beams fixed on each upper end of the first and second side plate sections. 18. The first beam of claim 17, wherein the first beam has at least one mount, and the second beam is secured to an upper end of each of the first and second side plate sections by a bolt that penetrates vertically. A stage is connected to the first beam in a state supported on at least one mount of at least one mount of the first beam, and supported on at least one mount of the first beam adjacent to the multi-side end of the at least one second beam. House with a basement. 19. The house of claim 18, wherein the first beam is a beam portion integrally formed on the upper end of each of the first and second side plate sections. 16. The base wall of claim 15 wherein at least one section of the two first side sections of at least one main body block adjacent to each other adjacent to each of the first and second side plate sections constituting the outer wall of the basement constitutes an outer wall of the basement. A house with a basement that has about two-thirds the thickness of the first and second side plates. 16. A house according to claim 15, wherein at least one main body block and two adjacent sections of the first and second side sections of the gable block are connected to each other by a second connecting means. 16. The bottom plate sections of claim 15 wherein each of two adjacent blocks of at least one main body block and at least two gable blocks is at least one of two adjacent blocks of at least one main body block and at least two gable blocks. A house having a basement that is connected to each other by a third connecting means formed in each. 14. A house according to claim 13, wherein said first connecting means comprises a bolt and a nut. A house according to claim 15, wherein said first connecting means comprises a bolt and a nut. 14. A house according to claim 13, wherein said second connecting means is a PC steel bar. 17. A house according to claim 16, wherein said second connecting means is a metal connector. It has a plurality of underground units, each underground unit is composed of a rectangular bottom plate and side plate parts to form a rectangular box structure to open the upper surface, the bottom plate portion on the outer layer on the waterproof layer and the waterproof layer A method of constructing a cellar with a protective layer to be covered, which is made of precast concrete and connected to one bottom plate portion and one end thereof at opposite ends of a set of bottom plate portions to a U-shaped cross-sectional structure. It consists of a main body block composed of one set of opposing side plate portions integral with the bottom plate portion to be formed, and three side plate portions integral with the bottom plate portion and the bottom plate, each end of each side plate One of the opposing ends and the other set ends serving as one side set of the plate Fabricating gable wall blocks that are individually connected to surround the bottom plate with one end of the four ends of the bottom plate open, and the entire outside of the bottom plate and side plate parts of the block forming the basic basement structure; Forming a waterproof layer on the surface, forming a protective layer on the outer surface of the waterproof layer, and arranging the two gable blocks and the at least one main body block such that the gable block is inserted between the at least one main body block. Arranging a plurality of underground units side by side in the width direction of each underground unit, fixing the gable block and at least one main body block to the base, and connecting the main body block to the gable block. The open end of the bottom plate of the fuselage block and the open end of the bottom plate of the gable block Forming an underground unit having a rectangular bottom plate portion and a side plate portion, thereby constructing a rectangular box structure having an open top, and a plurality of underground units arranged side by side by a metal fixture to form a basement structure. A method of constructing a basement comprising the steps of connecting two adjacent underground units of any of them to be integral with each other.