KR0181894B1 - Addition information transformation and icon display methode of viewer selecting caption broadcasting - Google Patents

Abstract

The disclosed additional information transmission method and icon display method include a character code and a control code according to additional information transmitted by a broadcasting station on a television broadcast signal, and the receiver receives a television broadcast signal carrying the character code and control code to the viewer. By selecting, the additional information according to the character code and the control code is displayed on the screen of the television receiver.

The present invention generates a control code for controlling the additional information, input the table of contents data of the additional information to convert to a 2-byte Hangul complete code, generate a control code for controlling the detailed additional information, and adds the additional information Input the information data and convert it into 2 byte Hangul complete code, and control code to control the generated additional information, 2 byte Hangul complete code of the converted additional information table of contents data, control code to control the generated additional information and converted A 2-byte Hangul complete code of the detailed additional information data is cyclically synthesized and transmitted to a video signal, and a caption signal consisting of a control code and a character code is extracted from the video signal of a television broadcast signal transmitted from a broadcasting station. Restore digital data and detect errors in restored digital data It decodes the control code of the error-corrected data, reads the character data corresponding to the character code from the font ROM storing the character data according to the 2-byte Hangul completion code, and stores it in RAM, and stores additional information data in RAM. Then, when the user selects the additional information mode, the additional information data is read out one by one from the RAM, and the read additional information data and the corresponding icon are converted into a video signal and displayed on the screen of the television receiver. When the additional information mode of the detailed item is selected among the additional information displayed on the screen, one screen type additional information data is read from the RAM, and the read detailed additional information data and the corresponding icon are converted into an image signal and displayed on the screen. The viewer selects additional information transmitted from the broadcasting station through the command input unit. A television and a display screen of the receiver can determine the contents of the additional information the viewer to easily display additional information along with the icon.

Description

How to send additional information and display icons of viewer-selective closed captioning

The present invention relates to a method of transmitting additional information and an icon display method of a viewer-selective caption broadcasting.

More specifically, the broadcasting station loads the character code and the control code according to the additional information to the television broadcast signal, and the television receiver receives the television broadcast signal containing the character code and the control code to receive the television receiver according to the viewer's choice. The present invention relates to a method of transmitting additional information and an icon display method of a viewer-selectable closed caption broadcasting displayed on a screen.

In the television broadcasting method, the caption broadcasting method is not selected by the viewer, and the caption signal such as urgent news or notifications is superimposed on the active section of the television broadcast signal, that is, the video signal section, according to the broadcaster's selection. Open caption method to display on the screen, and subtitles such as text codes and control codes in the non-active section of the television broadcast signal, that is, the horizontal blanking section. There is a closed captioning method in which a television receiver receives a television broadcasting signal carrying the caption signal on a television receiver and displays the caption signal on a screen of the television receiver according to the viewer's selection so that the viewer can view it. .

Among closed captioning methods, closed captioning closed captioning was developed for the hearing impaired without the sign language, and has been implemented since 1978 in the United States. .

US Pat. No. 5,294,982, published in March 1994, discloses a closed caption method of Roman and syllable characters, and specifically describes the closed caption method of Korean.

In the US Pat. No. 5,294,982, in order to broadcast Korean in a closed caption method, each Hangul character is divided into respective phonemes of the initial, neutral, and final characters, and an ASCII code corresponding to each phoneme is transmitted. Decoding the to map the initial, neutral, and finality, and then display the Hangul characters of the initial, neutral, and final mapping on the screen of the television receiver.

In the conventional Korean closed captioning method, at least 2 to 3 bytes should be used to represent one Korean character.

That is, two bytes are used to display only Korean and neutral and no final support, and three bytes are used to display Korean and Korean.

Therefore, the decoding process was very complicated because the transmission speed and display speed of the subtitle signal were slow, and the position of one Korean character was found after converting the two to three bytes of data received during the decoding process into three to four bytes. .

The complexity of the decoding process is to increase the production cost of the decoder, which increases the price of the decoder in the television receiver used by many viewers as compared to the encoder required only by the broadcasting station, thereby putting a lot of economic burden on the user.

In addition, simultaneous display of Chinese characters, Korean, and Japanese, and simultaneous display of English, Russian, and Greek were impossible, and display of special symbols was impossible.

In addition, since the control code is required to display the dialogue information in the middle of displaying the supplementary information and display the supplementary information again, there is no independence between the dialogue information and the supplementary information, and a control system for distinguishing the display mode of the dialogue information. Is very complicated in transmission efficiency of the whole system, and if the display mode control code is not received at the time when the receiver starts to operate, the metabolic information cannot be displayed until the next control code is received.

In addition, the above-mentioned US Patent US Pat. No. 5,294,982 was developed based on the transmission environment of US television broadcasting, that is, the geographical environment with a lot of flat land. There is a problem that the quality is poor and only the additional information unilaterally transmitted by the broadcasting station is displayed on the screen of the television receiver regardless of the viewer's selection.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an additional information transmission method and an icon display method of a viewer-selective closed caption broadcasting which can effectively perform caption broadcasting in Korean and enable viewers to select and view additional information broadcasted by a broadcasting station using a command input unit. To provide.

According to the method of transmitting additional information of the viewer-selective closed caption broadcasting according to the present invention, the caption information is inserted and transmitted in an arbitrary horizontal line that does not affect the broadcasting signal in every field of the television broadcasting signal. A caption broadcasting method for selectively displaying a caption information received from a viewer on a screen, the caption broadcasting method comprising: a first step of generating a control code for controlling additional information; A second step of inputting table of contents data of additional information; A third step of converting the table of contents data of the additional information input in the second step into a 2-byte Hangul complete code; Generating a control code for controlling detailed additional information; A fifth step of inputting detailed additional information data of the additional information; A sixth step of converting the detailed additional information data input in the fifth step into a two-byte Hangul completion code; And a control code for controlling the additional information generated in the first step, a 2-byte Hangul completion code of the table of contents information converted in the third step, a control code for controlling the detailed additional information generated in the fourth step; And a seventh step of synthesizing and transmitting the two-byte Hangul completion code of the detailed additional information data converted in the sixth step into a video signal.

According to the method of displaying an icon of a viewer-selective closed captioning method, the caption information is inserted and transmitted in an arbitrary horizontal line that does not affect the television broadcasting signal in every field of the television broadcasting signal, and the viewer receives the caption information from the television receiver. A subtitle display method for selectively displaying on a screen, comprising: an eleventh step of extracting a subtitle signal consisting of a control code and a character code from a video signal of a television signal transmitted from a broadcasting station; A twelfth step of restoring digital data from the subtitle signal extracted in the eleventh step; A thirteenth step of detecting an error of the digital data restored in the twelfth step; A fourteenth step of decoding the control code of the data in which the error is corrected in the thirteenth step and reading the character data corresponding to the character code from the font ROM in which the character data according to the Hangul completion code is stored and storing in the RAM; A fifteenth step of determining whether the user selects the additional information mode after storing the additional information data in the RAM in step 14; A sixteenth step of reading the additional information data from the RAM one by one when the additional information mode is selected in the fifteenth step; An eighteenth step of converting the additional information data read in the sixteenth step and an icon corresponding thereto into a video signal and displaying the same on a screen of the television receiver; A nineteenth step of determining whether an additional information mode of a detailed item is selected among the additional information displayed on the screen in the eighteenth step; A 20th step of reading detailed additional information data from the RAM one by one when the additional information mode of the detailed item is selected in the nineteenth step; And the twenty-first step of converting the detailed additional information data read in step 20 and an icon corresponding thereto into a video signal and displaying the same on a screen.

1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a television broadcasting system for viewer-selective closed caption broadcasting of the present invention.

2 is a block diagram showing a phrase of a television receiver for receiving a viewer-selective closed caption of the present invention.

3 is a diagram showing the configuration of a caption signal according to the present invention;

4 is a diagram showing the configuration of a data packet of caption data according to the present invention;

5 is a view for explaining a control code according to the present invention.

6 is a signal flow chart for explaining the order in which the additional information stored in the RAM is displayed on the screen of the television receiver according to the selection of the viewer.

7 is a view showing a map state of the RAM according to the present invention.

8 and 9 illustrate embodiments of the screen display state in the additional information mode.

Hereinafter, a method of transmitting additional information and an icon display method of a viewer-selective caption broadcasting of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a television broadcasting system for viewer-selective closed caption broadcasting according to the present invention.

Here, reference numeral 10 denotes a microphone for inputting an audio signal, and reference numeral 20 denotes a video camera that photographs a predetermined subject and outputs an image signal.

The voice signal input through the microphone 10 is mixed and amplified by the voice signal processor 30 and input to the television signal modulator 50, and the video signal output from the video camera 20 is a video signal processor ( 40 is amplified and edited and then input to the television signal modulator 50 through the switching means 78 of the subtitle encoding section 70 described later.

The output signal of the television signal modulator 50 is transmitted to the air wirelessly through the high frequency output unit 60 and through the antenna 80.

Reference numeral 70 denotes a caption encoding unit for mixing predetermined additional information and control information with the output signal of the video signal processor 40 in a closed captioning manner.

The caption encoding unit 70 inputs a character information input unit 71 for inputting additional information such as dialogue information, emergency news, and delivery items related to a television screen according to a broadcaster's operation, and various control information for caption control. The control signal input unit 72, the character code generator 73 for generating a data packet of a character code with respect to the output signal of the character information input unit 71, and the output signal of the control signal input unit 72 A control code generator 74 for generating a data packet of a control code, a data packet modulator 75 for modulating data packets generated by the character code generator 73 and the control code generator 74, The window signal is generated according to the count counter of the sync counter 76 which is reset according to the vertical sync signal output from the video signal generator 40 and counts a horizontal sync signal, and the count value of the sync counter 76. According to the window signal generator 77 and the output signal of the window signal generator 77, the output signals of the video signal processor 40 and the data packet modulator 75 are switched to the television signal modulator ( And switching means 78 for inputting to 60.

The character information input unit 71 includes a keyboard (not shown) for inputting characters or special characters such as Korean, English, Chinese, and Japanese, and converts the inputted character information into a 2-byte Hangul completion code. Output to (KSC5901).

The control information input unit 72 includes a keypad (not shown) including a mode selection key, a function selection key, and the like. The control information input unit 72 converts the control information according to the input key signal of the keypad into 7-bit binary. Output to code

In the television broadcasting system for the viewer-selective caption broadcasting configured as described above, the predetermined audio signal input through the microphone 10 is mixed and amplified with another predetermined audio signal by the audio signal processing unit 30, and thus the television signal modulation unit 50 is used. Is entered.

The video signal of a predetermined subject photographed and output by the video camera 20 is amplified and edited by the video signal processor 40, and then is switched by the switching means 78 of the caption encoding unit 70. ) Is entered.

The television signal modulator 50 then FM-modulates the audio signal input from the audio signal processor 30, and modulates the video signal input from the video signal processor 40 in the residual sideband manner. The signal and the AM modulated signal are frequency-multiplexed and frequency shifted to output a high frequency signal.

As described above, the high frequency signal output from the image signal processor 40 is amplified by the high frequency output unit 60 and then transmitted to the air as a television broadcast signal through the antenna 80.

When the broadcaster manipulates a keyboard provided in the character information input unit 71 of the subtitle encoding unit 70, and inputs character information such as predetermined characters such as Korean, English, Chinese characters, and Japanese or special characters, the character information input unit 71 ) Converts the predetermined character information into a 2-byte Hangul completion code and outputs it.

When the broadcaster operates the keypad of the control information input unit 72 to input control information such as a mode selection key and a function selection key, the control information input unit 72 converts the predetermined control information into a 7-bit binary code. Convert and output

In this way, the two-byte Hangul completion code according to the predetermined character information output by the character information input unit 71 is inputted to the character code generator 73 and converted into a data packet. By using the Most Signification Bit (MSB) of each byte of the byte-pole completion code as the subtitle / additional information flag, the MSB is replaced with '0' for the subtitle and the MSB is set to '1' for the additional information. After replacement, a parity bit is added to each byte to generate a data packet having a total of 18 bits of character code.

The 7-bit binary code output by the control information input unit 72 is input to the control code generator 74 and converted into a data packet of the control code. The control code generator 74 inputs the input 7-bit binary code. Is divided into upper 4 bits and lower 3 bits, and then, for the upper 4 bits, 1 bit of parity bit for the upper 4 bits, 2 bits of control code identification bit, and 1 bit of the subtitle subtitle / additional information flag are added. An upper byte is generated, and for the lower three bits, one bit of the first parity bit, one bit of the second parity bit, two bits of control code identification bit, and one bit of the subtitle subtitle / additional information flag are added. The lower byte is generated, and a parity bit is added to the generated upper byte and lower byte to generate a data packet having a total of 18 bits of control code.

Detailed description of the data packet of the character code and the data packet of the control code will be described later.

In this way, the data packet of the total 18-bit character code generated by the character code generator 73 and the data packet of the total 18 bits of control code generated by the control code generator 74 are digitally modulated by the data packet modulator 75. Is modulated to and output to the switching unit 78.

The vertical sync signal and the horizontal sync signal output from the video signal processor 40 are input to the sync counter 76. The sync counter 76 resets the horizontal sync signal according to the input vertical sync signal. A count and a scanning player are counted and output, and the window signal generator 77 generates a window signal in accordance with the count value of the horizontal sync signal output from the sync counter 76.

In this way, the switching signal generated by the window signal generator 77 is applied to the switching means 78 as a control signal to control the switching operation of the switching means 78. The switching means 78 is the image signal processor 40. Superimposing a data packet of a character code and a control code according to a caption signal outputted by the data packet modulator 75 on a predetermined specific line of an output signal of the signal; And is transmitted through the high frequency output unit 60 and the antenna 80.

2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a television receiver for receiving and displaying a signal transmitted by the television broadcasting system of FIG.

As shown in the figure, a tuner unit 110 for receiving and demodulating a television broadcast signal of a selected channel among high frequency signals received through the antenna 100 and outputting an audio signal and a video signal, and the tuner unit 110 outputs it. The audio signal processor 120 to equalize and amplify the audio signal and output the same to the speaker 130, and output the RGB signal after luminance and color processing the image signal output from the tuner 110. An image signal processing unit 140 for outputting a signal of an erasing period, a mixing unit 150 for mixing a caption signal with an RGB signal output by the image signal processing unit 140, and an output signal of the mixing unit 150. A display driver 160 for operating the cathode ray tube 170 to display predetermined meditation and subtitles on the screen, a command input unit 190 for inputting an operation command according to a user's operation, and the command input unit 190. Entered by The system control unit 180 controls the overall operation of the television receiver according to the command and controls the display of the caption signal, and detects the caption signal from the synchronization signal output from the video signal processor 140, and detects the detected caption signal. The caption decoding unit 200 outputs to the mixing unit 150 under the control of the system control unit 180.

The caption decoding unit 200 includes an analog / digital converter 210 for converting a signal of the vertical blanking period output by the image signal processing unit 140 into a digital signal, and a vertical output of the image signal processing unit 140. And a clock signal synchronized with the color burst signal under the control of the system controller 180 and the sync separator 220 for separating and outputting the vertical sync signal and the horizontal sync signal from the signal of the blanking period. The caption control unit 230 generates a caption signal according to the output signal of the analog / digital converter 210 and outputs the caption signal to the mixing unit 150, and fonts such as characters such as Korean, English, Chinese and Japanese, and special characters. A font ROM 240 for storing and outputting in advance and a RAM 250 for storing and outputting the font read out from the font ROM 240 under the control of the subtitle controller 230.

The television receiver configured as described above tunes and demodulates a television broadcast signal of a channel selected by a user among a plurality of high frequency signals received through the antenna 100, and outputs an audio signal and a video signal by demodulation.

The voice signal output from the tuner 110 is amplified and amplified by the voice signal processor 120 and then output through the speaker 130 to be listened to by the user.

The image signal output from the tuner 110 is input to the image signal processor 140, processed for luminance and color, and then outputs an RGB signal to the mixer 150, and a signal of a vertical blanking period.

The signal of the vertical blanking period output by the image signal processing unit 140 is converted into a digital signal by the analog / digital converter 210 of the caption decoding unit 200 and input to the caption control unit 230, and the synchronous separator 220. ), The vertical synchronizing signal and the horizontal synchronizing signal are separated and input to the subtitle control unit 230.

In such a state, when the user manipulates the command input unit 190 to display the caption signal, the system controller 180 controls the caption control unit 230 of the caption decoding unit 200 to output the caption signal. .

Then, the caption controller 230 generates and uses a clock signal synchronized with the color burst signal, and extracts a caption data packet from the digital signal output by the analog / digital converter 210.

When the data packet is extracted, the caption controller 230 controls caption processing in response to the decoded and decoded control code, and reads the font according to the decoded character code from the font ROM 240 to the RAM 250. Save it.

The font stored in the RAM 250 is converted into an RGB signal by the caption controller 230 and output to the mixing unit 150. The mixing unit 130 outputs the video signal and the caption output from the image signal processing unit 140. After the caption signal output from the controller 230 is mixed, the caption signal is displayed on the screen of the cathode ray tube 170 through the display driver 160.

The configuration of the caption information used in the television system for transmitting and receiving such caption broadcasting will be described in detail.

In Korea, the NTSC-M system of 525 lines and 60 fields / sec is used as a television broadcast signal, and the vertical blanking period is specified from scan line 10 to scan line 20.

There is no standard set by the Ministry of Information and Communication on the use of signals during the vertical blanking period, and reference is made to ITU-R Recommendation Rec 473-2 and to the US FCC Report and Order 83-120.

The caption signal may use any one of the scan lines 10 to 20, the scan line 21, or the scan line 262 among the scan lines in the vertical blanking period for the transmission of the caption data. Can also be used.

However, in caption broadcasting, data transmission of the entire field is meaningless and is not considered.

The transmission bit rate of the caption data should be 447,443.125 ± 125 bps and the maximum change rate of the transmission bit rate should be within ± 196 (± 0.0125 bps).

The caption data signal is used only for transmission of the color television broadcast signal, and the transmission bit rate is set to 1/8 of the color carrier frequency fsc (357,9545 ± 10 Hz), and must be frequency synchronized with the color burst signal.

It is preferable that the phase carrier is continuous in phase between the scan line and the scan line, and if the phase of the color carrier is discontinuous due to screen editing or the like, at least phase synchronization should be performed on the color burst of the scan line.

In the data modulation scheme, a phase corresponding to a logic value of '1' is represented by a sinusoidal wave of one cycle having a phase of 0 degrees and having a frequency of fsc / 8 (447.443 Hz), and a logic value of '0' corresponds to a phase. Is 180 degrees and uses a digital modulation scheme called Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) or Phase Reversal Keying (PRK), which is represented by a sine wave of one cycle with a frequency of fsc / 8. The maximum range of phase jitter is ± 10 Do it.

The optimal signal waveform will be defined in the future as it may vary depending on the frequency spectrum characteristics of the television channel. However, due to the fundamental band-limiting frequency, the BPSK waveform may be severely distorted at the point where the logic value transition occurs. Therefore, the phase-corrected waveform is passed after passing through a second Butterworth filter with a cutoff frequency of 3.5 MHz. We will use it for broadcasting.

Here, the impulse response of the Butterworth filter used is as shown in Equation 1 below.

Where fc is 3.5 MHz.

Among inspection items of radio station, inspection method and basis are defined in No. I-7 (television broadcasting station), item 4 (text broadcasting) b) (superposition position of data line and amplitude of text signal), and the waveform of subtitle signal is NRZ ( None is not a return to zero, but a pure sine wave, so it is not necessary to apply the above criteria.

However, in areas with more than 70% of mountains, such as Korea, the maximum sine wave is 90 ± 5 IRE to widen the range of reception.

Although the maximum amplitude of the normal data signal is defined, the overshoot may be included due to the filter passband characteristic, so that the absolute value of the overshoot is 5 IRE.

As shown in FIG. 3, the data line of the caption signal is composed of a six period bit clock synchronizing signal 302, a word start signal 304, and an 18-bit data string 306. As shown in FIG.

The bit clock synchronizing signal 302 is a 6-period sinusoidal signal that can be used to extract the sinusoidal signal from the subtitle decoding unit to read a bit period of 18-bit data. The frequency of the bit clock synchronizing signal 302 is fsc. / 4 (894.886 ms).

The bit clock synchronizing signal 302 is separated by 9.50 µsec (34 color bursts) from the midpoint OH of the falling edge of the horizontal synchronizing signal when the phase of the color carrier of the scan line is 0 degrees. If the phase of the color carrier of the scan line is 180 degrees, it starts at a point separated by 9.64 secsec (color burst 34.5 cycles) from the midpoint OH of the falling edge of the horizontal synchronization signal.

Since the bit clock synchronizing signal 302 is in frequency synchronization with the color burst of the corresponding line, the bit clock synchronizing signal 302 may be extracted from the color burst.

The word start signal 304 is a sinusoidal signal of one cycle of fsc / 16 (223.722 kHz) and having a phase of 180 degrees, which serves to indicate the start of an 18-bit data packet.

The data string 306 is composed of 18 bits, has a bit rate of fsc / 8 (447.443 kHz), and is modulated by the BPSK method.

As shown in FIG. 4, the data packet is composed of three parts: parity (p) in word units, dialogue subtitle / additional information flag (C / T), and code value (c).

Here, D0 to D8 are abbreviated as lower words, and D9 to D17 are abbreviated as upper words.

D17 represents even parity for D0 to D16. The parity bit p of this D17 is for first detecting an error in transmission.

The above D7 and D16 are metabolic subtitles / additional information flags of 0 for the metabolic subtitles and 1 for the additional information, and the values of D7 and D16 must be integral. In addition, the subtitle caption / additional information flag is used to maintain the priority in word units.

D0 to D6 and D9 to D15 together represent a code value. Code values are interpreted as control codes if D5, D6, D14 and D15 are all zeros, and character codes are interpreted otherwise.

As shown in FIG. 5, the control code is a combination of two 9-bit words. The lower word contains D1, D2, and D3 bits for function classification, and the upper word contains one detail function among the classified functions. Included are D9, D10, D11, and D12 bits for selection.

Control codes are classified into color control codes, attribute control codes, display method control codes, scroll control codes, position movement control codes, row positioning control codes, and column positioning control codes according to their functions.

The color designation control code is a control code transmitted to change the foreground color and the background color of the transmitted character data. Therefore, when changing the foreground and background colors of the text to be sent, the text designation code should be transmitted before the text is transmitted. The television receiver determines the foreground and background colors by the most recently received color assignment control code. In addition, the foreground and background colors can be changed simultaneously or independently. The foreground and background colors are black, red, magenta, blue, cyan, green, yellow, and white, and if the background color is transparent, the rest of the display cell except for characters The video of the broadcast program must be displayed, and each character must be outlined in a color different from that of the character.

The attribute designation control code is a control code transmitted for changing the attribute of character data. Therefore, when changing the attribute of the character to be transmitted, the attribute designation control code should be transmitted first, followed by the character code. Attributes can be specified as normal, underline, flicker, and inverse. Since underlining, flicker, and inverse works independently, the properties of underline, flicker, and inverse can be applied to one character at a time.

The function of each attribute designation control code is as follows.

▷ Underline: Underline it to display just below each character to be displayed.

▷ Blinking: The character to be displayed blinks. The previously displayed part does not blink, the later displayed part blinks, and the blinking period is dependent on the implementation of the television receiver.

Reversed: The receiver swaps the foreground and background colors currently in use.

▷ Normal (Release Attributes): Releases all the attributes already specified to display the character as the default attribute. The text color and background color are not included in the property.

The display method control code is a control code transmitted to control a display method of a screen, and may specify screen display, screen erase, reception storage, horizontal writing, and vertical writing.

The function of each display method control code is as follows.

▷ Show Screen: Display received text data on the screen (in roll-up and roll-down) or display data saved by control code of 'receive storage' on the screen (when pop-on).

▷ Clear Screen: In the case of the subtitle subtitle mode, all the screens of the television receiver are cleared on the transparent background, and in the additional information mode, the screen is deleted with the background color recently received.

▷ Receive save: Save received text and control code until control code of 'show screen' is received.

▷ Horizontal writing: When displaying the character code continuously received on the screen without the position change control code intervening, move the position of the next character to the right of the current character.

▷ Vertical writing: When the character code received continuously is displayed on the screen continuously without the position change control code involved, move the position of the next character to the position below the current character.

The scroll control code is a control code for scrolling a screen by setting a predetermined portion of a caption area, and the scroll control code includes '2-5 lines roll-up' and '2-5 lines roll-down'.

The function of each scroll control code is as follows.

▷ 2 ~ 5 lines Roll-up: Control code for scrolling the window contents up one line in the window consisting of 2 ~ 5 lines in the upper direction including the display position (cursor position) of the current character. The top row of the rows disappears with scrolling and the bottom row is replaced with the most recently decoded characters. If you use this control code, you don't need a separate Active Position Down Return (APDR) code, and all characters in the outside area of the designated window will be cleared on the screen.

▷ 2 ~ 5 lines Roll-down: Control code for scrolling the window contents down one line in the window consisting of 2 ~ 5 lines in the downward direction including the current character display position (cursor position). Of the rows of, the bottom row disappears with scrolling and the top row is replaced with the most recently decoded characters. If you use this control code, you do not need a separate Active Position Up Return (APUR) code, and all characters outside the designated window will be cleared on the screen.

The scroll function is not used when displaying additional information.

The position movement control code is a control code relating to the direction movement of a position where a character is to be displayed.

The function of each position control code is as follows.

▷ APF (Active Position Forward): When writing horizontally, move the half width (1 letter of English alphabet) to the right, which is the main direction of writing. To move the height of 1 Hangul character.

▷ APB (Active Position Backward): When writing horizontally, move one half of the width of the Korean letter (1 width of the English alphabet) to the left, which is the opposite direction of the main writing, and in the case of vertical writing, reverse the main direction. Moves the height of 1 Hangul character upward.

▷ APDR (Active Position Down Return): When writing horizontally, move to the leftmost character position (first column position) of the line immediately below the current character display position, and when writing vertically, immediately move to the current character display position. Move to the top letter position of the left column (first row position).

▷ APUR (Active Position Up Return): When writing horizontally, move to the leftmost character position (first column position) of the line immediately above the current character display position, and when writing vertically, immediately right of the current character display position. Move to the top letter position of the column (first row position).

▷ 3 ~ 6 letters APF: When writing horizontally, APF is executed by the width of 3 ~ 6 letters of English alphabet, and when writing vertically, APF is performed by height of 3 ~ 6 letters of Korean alphabet.

The exception of position movement control is as follows.

That is, in case of horizontal writing, when characters are displayed up to the rightmost character position of the line (position 18), APDR, APUR, APB, 2-5 line roll-up and 2-5 line roll-down are appropriate. If a character code is received without a control code related to a position movement, the character code is displayed by moving to the leftmost character position (first column position) of the line without changing the line. In this case, if the character code is a space code, it should be ignored until a character code is received instead of a space code.

In case of vertical writing, when the character is displayed up to the bottom character position of the column (line 10), the appropriate position movement such as APDR, APUR, APB, 2-5 line roll-up and 2-5 line roll-down If a character code is received without a control code associated with, the character is moved to the top character position (first row position) of the column and the character is displayed without changing the column. If the character code is a space code, it should be ignored until a character code is received instead of a space code.

The row positioning control code and the column positioning control code are for specifying an absolute starting position of a character.

The row position and column position control codes may be transmitted together or may be transmitted alone. The functions are as follows.

▷ Line position designation: When the line position control code is transmitted, the display position of the character is changed to the first character position (first column position) of the designated vertical position (the relevant line), and the first position is not changed in the horizontal direction. You can specify from line 10 to line 10.

▷ Column Positioning: When the column positioning control code is transmitted, the display position of the character is changed to the designated horizontal position (the corresponding column), and it is not changed in the vertical direction. , The horizontal width of one column is equal to the width of one syllable Hangul.

In the row position and column position control codes, the absolute start position of a character varies according to the transmission order. That is, when the n-th column designation code is transmitted after the n-column designation code, the n-th column position of the m-th row designation is designated. The position of the column is specified.

Transmission of control code according to screen display method is as follows.

In case of pop-on, the order of transmission of control code is Receive Save + (Other Control Code) + String + (Other Control Code) + ··· + Screen Clear + Display + Receive Save + (Other Control Code) + String + ( Other Control Codes) Follow the order of + ··· + Screen Clear + Screen Display + ···.

In order for the viewer to properly see the character information currently displayed in the pop-on mode on the television receiver, an appropriate delay time is necessary before the transmitter sends the screen erasure control code.

As described above, the control code of the additional information for displaying the predetermined additional information on the screen of the television receiver is as follows.

Since the additional information transmits a code of a page unit, a control code of 'page start' and 'page end' is required for page processing.

Here, 'start of page' interprets 'two-line roll-up' of the subtitle as the corresponding code, and 'end of page' interprets 'two-line roll-down' of the subtitle as the corresponding code.

Page start: Indicates the start of one page of additional information, and the television receiver starts storing one page when this code is received. If this code is not received at the beginning of the page, all data on this page is ignored.

Page end: Indicates the end of one page of additional information, and the television receiver displays the data of the page already received when this code is received.

When wrapping additional information, one code of APDR, APUR, and column positioning control code should be transmitted.

Before displaying one page of additional information data on the screen, the background color of the page to be displayed must be cleared so that a background color of one page unit is required. The background color code received immediately after the 'page start' code is used as the page background color. If the background color code is not received immediately after the 'page start' code, the previous page background color is used as the page background color.

Ignore vertical writing because it is intended for use with lower captions, such as news. It also ignores three- and five-row roll-ups and three- and five-row roll-downs.

6 is a signal flow chart for explaining the order in which the additional information stored in the RAM is displayed on the screen of the television receiver according to the selection of the viewer.

As shown in FIG. 2, a caption signal composed of a control code and a character code is extracted from a video signal of a television signal transmitted from a broadcasting station in step S2, and digital data is restored from the extracted caption signal in a next step S4. .

In a next step S6, an error of the restored data is detected, in a next step S8, the control code of the restored data is decoded, and the character data corresponding to the character code is converted into a character by a 2-byte Hangul completion code. After the data is read from the font ROM 240 in which the data is stored and stored in the RAM 250, the additional information icon is displayed on the screen of the television receiver so that the viewer can know and select the content of the additional information received in step S10.

In the next step S12, the user operates the command input unit 190 to determine whether the additional information mode is selected, and when the additional information mode is selected, the additional information is displayed one by one from the RAM 250 in step S14. In step S16, the read additional information data and the corresponding icon are converted into a video signal and displayed on the screen of the television receiver.

In a next step S18, the user manipulates the command input unit 190 again to determine whether the additional information mode of the detailed item is selected from the additional information displayed on the screen of the television receiver, and the additional information mode of the detailed item is selected. In step S20, the additional information data of the detailed item is read out one by one from the RAM 250 in step S20, and the detailed additional information data and the icon corresponding thereto are read into the video signal by converting the additional additional information data and the corresponding icon into the video signal in step S22. Display on the screen.

Here, the additional information is configured as a page so that the screen of the television receiver can be displayed by being divided by one screen.

7 is a view showing a mapping state of the RAM 250 according to the present invention.

As shown in the figure, in storing the additional information transmitted from a broadcasting station, data related to the table of contents is stored at the first address (000), and detailed additional information data is stored from the next address (from 001 to the last address). Before storing the additional information data, the icon display corresponding to the detailed additional information is first mapped, and then the data for the detailed additional information is stored.

8 and 9 illustrate embodiments of the screen display state in the additional information mode.

First, as shown in FIG. 8, the transmission code string of the weather forecast is page start-page start-green background-green background-yellow letters-ellow letters-second row-second row-fourth column-fourth column -{== S Diary SS Forecast S ==}-Row 4-Row 4-Column 4-Column 4-{Seoul S Sunny SS 0 degree} -APDR -APDR-6APF-6APF-{Daejeon S Cloudy SS 2 Degree}-APDR-APDR-4th Column-4th Column-{Gwangju S Cloudy SS4 Degree}-APDR-APDR-6APF-6APF-{Busan S Ratio SSS3 Degree}-APDR-APDR-4th Column-1st 4th column-{Daegu S ratio SSS3 degree}-APDR-APDR-4th column-4th column-{Chuncheon S-Eye SS-4 degree}-Page end-Page end.

The transmission code string of tomorrow's game guide is as shown in Fig. 9-Page Start-Page Start-Row 2-Row 2-Row 4-Row 4-APF-APF-{Tomorrow's Tour Guide}- Row 4-Row 4-Row 2-Row 2-{Soccer-2pm (Suwon Football Field)}-APDR-APDR-{Basketball-4pm (Indoor Gymnasium)}-APDR-APDR-2 Row-Row 2-{Volleyball-10:00 am (Student Gym)}-APDR-APDR-{Table Tennis-11:00 am (Seoul University Gymnasium)}-APDR-APDR-{Baseball-5am (Jamsil Baseball Field)}- APDR-APDR-Column 3-Column 3-{The above can be canceled due to weather conditions}-APDR-APDR-Column 2-Column 2-{Yes}.

In the case of multiple voices such as a movie, two-language dialogue subtitles can be broadcast through channels of odd fields and even fields. In the case of broadcasting two languages using an odd field and an even field, determination of the language type in the television receiver may be performed by determining the line number of the 2-byte Hangul complete code and displaying an icon on the receiver. The broadcast operator may display a logo for one minute as in the case of voice multiplexing at the beginning of the program when broadcasting one language and two language subtitles.

The receiver must have two display memories to support the pop-on mode. Also, if the control code of 'screen erase' or 'screen display' is not received within 10 seconds after displaying the last pop-on dialogue subtitle, or if a reception error occurs and it cannot be processed, it is forced to a point of 10 seconds. You can also delete the pop-on subtitles. When broadcasting bilingual subtitles, the television receiver must indicate the language chosen by the user. The television receiver may display both languages by converting it to an arbitrary position for a language that is not selected by the user.

The opaque background may be changed to a translucent background by the user's selection in the television receiver.

It is recommended that the screen display of the additional information be displayed one page at a television receiver. It can be rolled up line by line by user selection.

When displaying additional information, the user may forcibly specify a transparent background.

If the user pauses the page display while displaying the additional information page, the second page is stored in the buffer, and the data of all pages received from the third page until the pause is released is ignored. If the pause is not released for more than 15 seconds, it may be automatically released from the television receiver. It may also display an icon indicating the pause state.

The character attribute specified in the additional information page must be normally received by the normal control code. If the end-of-page control code is received without receiving the error, the character attribute must be returned to the normal state.

If a data code is received continuously without a control code at the end of the page even after 10 lines in the additional information page (when APDR is received and a data code is received), it continues to overwrite by moving to the first character position of the 10th line. )Should be. However, specifying and writing row and column positions follows the rules of the general control code.

Since the television receiver does not know when to operate, the broadcast operator must create a broadcast system that properly positions the code sequences of the transmitters so that the control code for the display position can be broadcast about once every four seconds. If the receiver does not know the correct position and mode of operation after the television receiver is activated, the television receiver of the basic service regulations displays the received character code in the default position. Clear the screen and operate according to the new control code.

The broadcasting operator shall designate and transmit information not related to the dialogue information of the broadcasting program as an additional information code. At this time, a broadcasting system that protects the subtitles and priorities should be established. The additional information should be transmitted cyclically. In addition, when using additional information, it is recommended to configure a page so that the information to be displayed on the screen can be displayed by being divided by one screen.

When broadcasting using the pop-on notation of the subtitles, the control code should be transmitted so that the display of the subtitles can be erased properly. That is, if there is no subsequent metabolic content (voice signal) even after 5 seconds (depending on the amount of subtitle) after displaying the metabolism subtitle in one position, it sends a 'screen clear' control code to clear the screen. It is good.

If you do not know the exact position and operation after starting the operation on the television receiver, the received character code is expressed by default display specification at the default position of each mode, and then the horizontal / vertical designation code and line / column received every 4 seconds When the positioning control code is received, the existing display screen is erased and operated according to the new control code.

If the user changes the channel of the television receiver when using the subtitles and the additional information, the caption operation is canceled even when the caption signal is transmitted to the television broadcast signal of the changed channel and only the normal television screen is displayed.

If no special control code is received at the time the user selects the dialogue caption after powering on the television set, the television receiver remains in the disabled state and black at the position of the first column of the tenth row of the subtitle area in horizontal writing. Immediately display white letters on the background.

The screen switching to the additional information mode is performed at the time of selecting the additional information or at the reception of the first page start control code after selecting the additional information.

If a special control code is not received at the time when the user selects the additional information after turning on the power of the television receiver, the text is displayed in white letters on the black background from the first column position in the first row by horizontal writing.

The television receiver has extra memory to store and display several pages, and there is a memory for the pop-on mode of the subtitle so that at least one page can be displayed and the next page can be stored. have. When the additional information is displayed, a new page may be displayed after the contents of the entire screen are completely erased whenever the screen is changed.

At a minimum, the receiver can perform operations corresponding to the functions defined in the following through a remote control transmitter or the like, and may additionally add other functions.

Indication of receiving caption packet in field

Display caption sensitivity

Show bilingual

Indication of receiving additional information

Metabolism subtitle on / off function

Additional information on / off function

Additional information page hold function

Additional item specification function

Bilingual Subtitle Caption Selection

Vertical write protection

As described in detail above, according to the method of transmitting the additional information classification code and the icon display method of the viewer-selective caption broadcasting according to the present invention, when the RAM is designated by the control code transmitted together with the additional information classification code, Store additional information by page by category, make it easy for viewers to select and view the desired additional information by using the remote control transmitter, and display the icon in front of the additional information when displaying it on the television set. It is easy to see the effect.

Claims (2)

A display method in which subtitle information is inserted and transmitted on an arbitrary horizontal line that does not affect the television broadcast signal in every field of the television broadcast signal, and the viewer selectively displays the caption information received from the television receiver on the screen. A first step of generating a control code for controlling information; A second step of inputting table of contents data of additional information; A third step of converting the table of contents data of the additional information input in the second step into a 2-byte Hangul complete code; Generating a control code for controlling detailed additional information; A fifth step of inputting detailed additional information data of the additional information; A sixth step of converting the detailed additional information data input in the fifth step into a two-byte Hangul completion code; And a control code for controlling the additional information generated in the first step, a 2-byte Hangul completion code of the table of contents information converted in the third step, a control code for controlling the detailed additional information generated in the fourth step; And a seventh step of synthesizing and transmitting the two-byte Hangul completion code of the detailed additional information data converted in the sixth step into a video signal. A display method in which subtitle information is inserted and transmitted on an arbitrary horizontal line which does not affect the television broadcast signal in every field of the television broadcast signal, and the viewer selectively displays the subtitle information on the screen by a television station. An eleventh step of extracting a caption signal consisting of a control code and a character code from a video signal of a television broadcast signal; A twelfth step of restoring digital data from the subtitle signal extracted in the eleventh step; A thirteenth step of detecting an error of the digital data restored in the twelfth step; A fourteenth step of decoding the control code of the data in which the error is corrected in the thirteenth step and reading the character data corresponding to the character code from the font ROM in which the character data according to the two-byte Hangul completion code is stored and storing in the RAM; A fifteenth step of determining whether the user selects the additional information mode after storing the additional information data in the RAM in step 14; A sixteenth step of reading the additional information data from the RAM one by one when the additional information mode is selected in the fifteenth step; Step 18 of converting the additional information data read in step 16 and an icon corresponding thereto into a video signal and displaying the same on a screen of a television receiver; A nineteenth step of determining whether an additional information mode of a detailed item is selected among the additional information displayed on the screen in the eighteenth step; A 20th step of reading detailed additional information data from the RAM one by one when the additional information mode of the detailed item is selected in the nineteenth step; And a twenty-first step of converting the detailed additional information data read in step 20 and an icon corresponding thereto into a video signal and displaying the same on a screen.