KR0174279B1 - 세륨(iv) 산화물 기재 조성물, 이의 제법 및 용도 - Google Patents
세륨(iv) 산화물 기재 조성물, 이의 제법 및 용도 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR0174279B1 KR0174279B1 KR1019920023722A KR920023722A KR0174279B1 KR 0174279 B1 KR0174279 B1 KR 0174279B1 KR 1019920023722 A KR1019920023722 A KR 1019920023722A KR 920023722 A KR920023722 A KR 920023722A KR 0174279 B1 KR0174279 B1 KR 0174279B1
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- cerium
- specific surface
- surface area
- composition
- oxide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 229940044927 ceric oxide Drugs 0.000 title 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- -1 cerium (IV) hydroxide nitrate Chemical compound 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000013081 microcrystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- ITZXULOAYIAYNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(4+) Chemical class [Ce+4] ITZXULOAYIAYNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O HSJPMRKMPBAUAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- CQGVSILDZJUINE-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Ce] CQGVSILDZJUINE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Natural products N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001246 colloidal dispersion Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003637 basic solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- IJKVHSBPTUYDLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydroxy(oxo)silane Chemical compound O[Si](O)=O IJKVHSBPTUYDLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000005622 tetraalkylammonium hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000000703 Cerium Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- LQCIDLXXSFUYSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(4+);tetranitrate Chemical compound [Ce+4].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O LQCIDLXXSFUYSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylamine Chemical compound CCN QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- VHRGRCVQAFMJIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadaverine Chemical compound NCCCCCN VHRGRCVQAFMJIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WTVAYLQYAWAHAX-UHFFFAOYSA-J cerium(4+);tetrahydroxide Chemical class [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Ce+4] WTVAYLQYAWAHAX-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010981 drying operation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BMFVGAAISNGQNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopentylamine Chemical compound CC(C)CCN BMFVGAAISNGQNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DPBLXKKOBLCELK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCN DPBLXKKOBLCELK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylamine Chemical compound CCCN WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KIDHWZJUCRJVML-UHFFFAOYSA-N putrescine Chemical compound NCCCCN KIDHWZJUCRJVML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003376 silicon Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical class [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 2
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XFNJVJPLKCPIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCCN XFNJVJPLKCPIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FEWLGASICNTXOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminoethane-1,1,1,2-tetrol Chemical compound NC(O)C(O)(O)O FEWLGASICNTXOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GELMWIVBBPAMIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbutan-2-amine Chemical compound CCC(C)(C)N GELMWIVBBPAMIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium acetate Chemical compound N.CC(O)=O USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005695 Ammonium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005169 Debye-Scherrer Methods 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical class [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005700 Putrescine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241001016380 Reseda luteola Species 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000002479 acid--base titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940043376 ammonium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019257 ammonium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XMPZTFVPEKAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-P ceric ammonium nitrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[Ce+4].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XMPZTFVPEKAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VTMRHJYEGPWUHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+) cerium(4+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Ce+4].[Ce+3] VTMRHJYEGPWUHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OZECDDHOAMNMQI-UHFFFAOYSA-H cerium(3+);trisulfate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[Ce+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OZECDDHOAMNMQI-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- QIICBUVIQUVXPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(4+);oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[Ce+4] QIICBUVIQUVXPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004455 differential thermal analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- BSVSPZGXUSFFEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydroxy(oxo)silane;tetrakis(2-hydroxyethyl)azanium Chemical compound O[Si](O)=O.OCC[N+](CCO)(CCO)CCO BSVSPZGXUSFFEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- JCCNYMKQOSZNPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N loratadine Chemical compound C1CN(C(=O)OCC)CCC1=C1C2=NC=CC=C2CCC2=CC(Cl)=CC=C21 JCCNYMKQOSZNPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IGEIPFLJVCPEKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-2-amine Chemical compound CCCC(C)N IGEIPFLJVCPEKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003918 potentiometric titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylenediamine Chemical compound CC(N)CN AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BHRZNVHARXXAHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sec-butylamine Chemical compound CCC(C)N BHRZNVHARXXAHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005625 siliconate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LRGJRHZIDJQFCL-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylazanium;hydroxide Chemical class [OH-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC LRGJRHZIDJQFCL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylammonium hydroxide Chemical class [OH-].C[N+](C)(C)C WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OSBSFAARYOCBHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapropylammonium Chemical compound CCC[N+](CCC)(CCC)CCC OSBSFAARYOCBHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/08—Heat treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/10—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of rare earths
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F17/00—Compounds of rare earth metals
- C01F17/20—Compounds containing only rare earth metals as the metal element
- C01F17/276—Nitrates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F17/00—Compounds of rare earth metals
- C01F17/30—Compounds containing rare earth metals and at least one element other than a rare earth metal, oxygen or hydrogen, e.g. La4S3Br6
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/60—Compounds characterised by their crystallite size
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/12—Surface area
- C01P2006/13—Surface area thermal stability thereof at high temperatures
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (38)
- 800℃에서 6시간 하소한 후 측정한 비표면적이 40㎡/g 내지 100㎡/g임을 특징으로 하는, 안정화제로서 규소를 함유하는 세륨(IV) 산화물 기재 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서, 비표면적이 50㎡/g 내지 100㎡/g임을 특징으로 하는 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서, 비표면적이 70㎡/g 내지 100㎡/g임을 특징으로 하는 조성물.
- 제1항 내지 3항중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 크기가 100 내지 200Å인 미소 결정으로 구성됨을 특징으로 하는 조성물.
- 제1항 내지 3항중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 100℃에서 6시간 하소한 후 특정한 비표면적이 20㎡/g 내지 100㎡/g임을 특징으로 하는 조성물.
- 제5항에 있어서, 100℃에서 6시간 하소한 후 측정한 비표면적이 30㎡/g 내지 100㎡/g임을 특징으로 하는 조성물.
- 제5항에 있어서, 크기가 130 내지 450Å인 미 소 결정으로 구성됨을 특징으로 하는 조성물.
- 제1항 내지 3항중 어느 한 항에 있어서, SiO2로 표시되는 규소를 세륨(IV) 산화물의 2중량% 미만으로 함유함을 특징으로 하는 조성물.
- 제8항에 있어서, 세륨(IV) 산화물의 1중량 % 미만으로 규소를 함유함을 특징으로 하는 조성물 .
- 제9항에 있어서, 규소의 함량이 세륨(IV) 산화물의 0.1중량%내지 1중량%임을 틀징으로 하는 조성물 .
- 하기 단계들을 포함함을 특징으로 하는 1항에서 청구한 조성물의 제조방법 .a) 분해 가능한 염기 및 규소 화합물을 함유하는 수용액중에 하기 일반식(I)에 해당하는 세륨(IV) 수산화물을 현탁하는 단계;Ce(M)x(OH)y(NO3)z (I)(상기에서 : - M은 알칼리 금속 또는 4가 암모늄 라디칼을 나타내고, - x는 0.01 내지 0.2이고, - y는 y=4-z+x를 만족하며, - z는 0.4 내지 0.7이다.), b) 상기 현탁액을 밀폐된 용기내에서 이 혼합물의 임계 온도 및 임계 압력 보다 각각 낮은 온도 및 압력에서 가열하는 단계 ; c) 반응 혼합물을 냉각시키고 대기압으로 환원시키는 단계 ; d) 이렇게 처리된 세륨(IV) 수산화물을 분리 제거하는 단계 ; 이어서 e) 하소하는 단계.
- 제11항에 있어서, 3.0이하의 중화율을 얻기 위해 세륨(IV ) 염의 수용액을 염기와 반응시켜 세륨(IV) 화합물의 콜로이드 분산액을 제조하고 ; 이 분산액을 열처리한 뒤 ; 생성된 침전물을 분리하는 방법에 따라 일반식(I)의 세륨(IV) 수산화물을 수득함을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제12항에 있어서, 0.01이상이고 3.0이하인 중화율을 얻기 위해 세륨(IV)염의 수용액을 염기와 반응시켜 세륨(IV) 화합물의 콜로이드 분산액을 제조함을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제12항 또는 13항에 잇어서, 세륨(IV) 염의 용액이 질산 세륨(IV) 수용액 또는 암모늄 질산 세륨(IV) 수용액임을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제14항에 있어서, 세륨(IV)염의 수용액이 질산세륨(III)의 용액을 전기화학적으로 산화시킨 결과로 얻은 용액임을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제12항 또는 13항에 있어서, 세륨(IV)으로 환산하여 표시한 세륨염의 용액의 농도가 0.1 내지 2몰/1임을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제12항 또는 13항에 있어서, 염기가 암모니아 수용액임을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제12항 또는 13항에 있어서, 염기성 용액의 노르말농도가 0.1N 내지 5N임을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제12항 또는 13항에 있어서, 세륨(IV) 화합물의 콜로이드 분산액을 80℃ 내지 300℃의 온도에서 열처리함을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제19항에 있어서, 열처리 온도가 90℃ 내지 110℃ 임을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제11항 내지 13항중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 세륨(IV) 수산화물의 현탁액을 만들기전에, 세륨(IV) 수산화물을 물에 현탁하고, 이 수성 현탁액을 밀폐된 용기내에서 매질의 임계 온도 및 임계 압력보다 각각 낮은 온도 및 압력에서 가열함을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제11항 내지 13항중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 분해 가능한 염기가 암모니아, 우레아, 탄산수소 암모늄, 탄산암모늄, 1차, 2차, 3차 또는 4차 아민 또는 이의 혼합물임을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제22항에 있어서, 분해 가능한 염기가 암모니아, 테트라알킬 암모늄 수산화물 또는 이의 혼합물임을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제11항 내지 13항중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 분해 가능한 염기의 농도가 1 내지 10N에서 변함을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제11항 내지 13항중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 실리카졸, 실리코네이트 및 4차 암모늄 실리케이트로 부터 단독으로 또는 혼합하여 규소 화합물을 선택함을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제11항 내지 13항중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 오토클레이빙(autoclaving) 되는 현탁액중의 세륨(IV) 수산화물의 농도가 CeO2로 환산하여 0.1 내지 3몰/1 범위에서 변함을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제26항에 있어서, 농도가 0.2 내지 0.1몰/1 임을 특징으로 하는 방법
- 제11항 내지 13항중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 오토클레이빙 온도가 100 내지 350℃에서 변함을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제29항에 있어서, 오토클레이빙 온도가 150 내지 350℃임을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제11항 내지 13항중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 오토클레이빙 압력이 1 바아(105Pa) 내지 165바아(165×105Pa)에서 변함을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제30항에 있어서, 오토클레이빙 압력이 5바아(5×105Pa) 내지 165바아(165×105Pa)임을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 제11항 내지 13항중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 하소 온도가 300 내지 1000℃임을 특징으로 하는 방법.
- 세륨(IV) 산화물이 제1항에서 정의된 조성물임을 특징으로 하는 알루미나 및 세륨(IV) 산화물기재 혼합물.
- 제33항에 있어서, 1000℃에서 6시간 하소한 후 혼합물에 함유된 세륨(IV) 산화물 미소결정의 크기가 200Å미만임을 특징으로 하는 혼합물.
- 제2항에 있어서, 비표면적이 60㎡/g 내지 100㎡/g임을 특징으로 하는 조성물.
- 제3항에 있어서, 비표면적이 80㎡/g 내지 100㎡/g임을 특징으로 하는 조성물.
- 제6항에 있어서, 비표면적이 40㎡/g 내지 100㎡/g임을 특징으로 하는 조성물.
- 제6항에 있어서, 비표면적이 50㎡/g 내지 100㎡/g임을 특징으로 하는 조성물.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9115210A FR2684662B1 (fr) | 1991-12-09 | 1991-12-09 | Composition a base d'oxyde cerique, preparation et utilisation. |
FR9115210 | 1991-12-09 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
KR0174279B1 true KR0174279B1 (ko) | 1999-02-18 |
Family
ID=9419805
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
KR1019920023722A Expired - Fee Related KR0174279B1 (ko) | 1991-12-09 | 1992-12-09 | 세륨(iv) 산화물 기재 조성물, 이의 제법 및 용도 |
Country Status (14)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5529969A (ko) |
EP (1) | EP0547924B1 (ko) |
JP (1) | JP2528066B2 (ko) |
KR (1) | KR0174279B1 (ko) |
AT (1) | ATE148675T1 (ko) |
AU (1) | AU652863B2 (ko) |
BR (1) | BR9204886A (ko) |
CA (1) | CA2084853C (ko) |
DE (1) | DE69217340T2 (ko) |
ES (1) | ES2098475T3 (ko) |
FI (1) | FI925574L (ko) |
FR (1) | FR2684662B1 (ko) |
MX (1) | MX9206985A (ko) |
ZA (1) | ZA928208B (ko) |
Families Citing this family (31)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2695574B1 (fr) * | 1992-09-15 | 1994-11-04 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | Composition à base d'oxyde cérique, préparation et utilisation. |
EP0810181B1 (en) * | 1996-05-27 | 2002-06-19 | Nippon Denko Co.,Ltd. | Method for the preparation of silica-cerium oxide composite particles |
US6204219B1 (en) | 1999-07-29 | 2001-03-20 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Thermally stable support material and method for making the same |
ATE357971T1 (de) * | 2000-08-19 | 2007-04-15 | Umicore Ag & Co Kg | Sauerstoff speicherndes material auf der basis von ceroxid, verfahren zu seiner herstellung und verwendung in der abgasreinigung von verbrennungsmotoren |
JP4863596B2 (ja) * | 2001-06-18 | 2012-01-25 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 排気ガス浄化システム |
FR2852592B1 (fr) * | 2003-03-18 | 2007-02-23 | Rhodia Elect & Catalysis | Compositions a base d'un oxyde de cerium, d'un oxyde de zirconium et, eventuellement d'un oxyde d'une autre terre rare, a surface specifique elevee a 1100 c, leur procede de preparation et leur utilisation comme catalyseur |
US7259280B1 (en) * | 2006-03-22 | 2007-08-21 | Lyondell Chemical Technology, L.P. | Process for producing alkenyl alcohols |
RU2404855C2 (ru) * | 2006-05-15 | 2010-11-27 | Родиа Операсьон | Композиция на основе оксидов циркония, церия, лантана и иттрия, гадолиния или самария, с высокой удельной поверхностью и способностью к восстановлению, способ получения и применение в качестве катализатора |
JP5279183B2 (ja) * | 2006-10-12 | 2013-09-04 | 第一稀元素化学工業株式会社 | セリウム系酸化物の製造方法 |
FR2917646B1 (fr) * | 2007-06-20 | 2011-06-03 | Anan Kasei Co Ltd | Oxyde mixte a haute surface specifique de cerium et d'autre terre rare, procede de preparation et utilisation en catalyse |
WO2011065416A1 (ja) | 2009-11-25 | 2011-06-03 | 阿南化成株式会社 | 複合酸化物、その製造法及び排ガス浄化用触媒 |
CN102711982B (zh) | 2009-11-25 | 2015-04-22 | 阿南化成株式会社 | 复合氧化物、其制备方法和废气净化用催化剂 |
CA2785411C (en) * | 2009-12-25 | 2018-06-19 | Anan Kasei Co., Ltd. | Complex oxide, method for producing same, and exhaust gas purifying catalyst |
CN107474799B (zh) | 2010-03-12 | 2020-12-29 | 昭和电工材料株式会社 | 悬浮液、研磨液套剂、研磨液以及使用它们的基板的研磨方法 |
FR2962431B1 (fr) | 2010-07-07 | 2018-01-19 | Rhodia Operations | Composition a base d'oxydes de cerium, de niobium et, eventuellement, de zirconium et son utilisation en catlyse. |
FR2965189A1 (fr) | 2010-09-29 | 2012-03-30 | Rhodia Operations | Procede de traitement d'un gaz contenant des oxydes d'azote (nox) utilisant comme catalyseur une composition a base d'oxyde de cerium et d'oxyde de niobium |
US9039796B2 (en) * | 2010-11-22 | 2015-05-26 | Hitachi Chemical Company, Ltd. | Method for producing abrasive grains, method for producing slurry, and method for producing polishing liquid |
CN103497733B (zh) | 2010-11-22 | 2016-11-23 | 日立化成株式会社 | 悬浮液、研磨液套剂、研磨液、基板的研磨方法及基板 |
CN103222036B (zh) | 2010-11-22 | 2016-11-09 | 日立化成株式会社 | 悬浮液、研磨液套剂、研磨液、基板的研磨方法及基板 |
PL2716361T3 (pl) | 2011-06-01 | 2018-10-31 | Rhodia Operations | Złożony tlenek, sposób jego wytwarzania i katalizator do oczyszczania gazu spalinowego |
CN103561863B (zh) | 2011-06-01 | 2016-08-24 | 罗地亚运作公司 | 复合氧化物、其制造方法以及排气净化催化剂 |
US9346977B2 (en) | 2012-02-21 | 2016-05-24 | Hitachi Chemical Company, Ltd. | Abrasive, abrasive set, and method for abrading substrate |
US10557058B2 (en) | 2012-02-21 | 2020-02-11 | Hitachi Chemical Company, Ltd. | Polishing agent, polishing agent set, and substrate polishing method |
CN104321854B (zh) | 2012-05-22 | 2017-06-20 | 日立化成株式会社 | 悬浮液、研磨液套剂、研磨液、基体的研磨方法及基体 |
WO2013175856A1 (ja) | 2012-05-22 | 2013-11-28 | 日立化成株式会社 | スラリー、研磨液セット、研磨液、基体の研磨方法及び基体 |
WO2013175859A1 (ja) | 2012-05-22 | 2013-11-28 | 日立化成株式会社 | スラリー、研磨液セット、研磨液、基体の研磨方法及び基体 |
CN109414677A (zh) * | 2016-06-29 | 2019-03-01 | 日立化成株式会社 | 吸附剂及其制造方法、二氧化碳的除去方法、二氧化碳除去器、以及空调装置 |
WO2019042910A1 (en) | 2017-08-29 | 2019-03-07 | Rhodia Operations | MIXED OXIDE WITH ENHANCED REDOX PROPERTIES |
WO2019042911A1 (en) | 2017-08-29 | 2019-03-07 | Rhodia Operations | USE OF A MIXED OXIDE TO ABSORB NOX |
EP3841063A4 (en) | 2018-08-24 | 2022-06-01 | Rhodia Operations | ALUMINOTITANOSILICATE MICROPOROUS CRYSTALLINE ZEOLITE, METHOD FOR PREPARATION AND APPLICATIONS |
GB2615962A (en) | 2020-11-24 | 2023-08-23 | Lynas Rare Earths Ltd | Materials, methods and techniques for generating doped cerium oxide |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2559755A1 (fr) * | 1984-02-20 | 1985-08-23 | Rhone Poulenc Spec Chim | Oxyde cerique a nouvelles caracteristiques morphologiques et son procede d'obtention |
FR2559754A1 (fr) * | 1984-02-20 | 1985-08-23 | Rhone Poulenc Spec Chim | Oxyde cerique a nouvelles caracteristiques morphologiques et son procede d'obtention |
FR2573999B1 (fr) * | 1984-12-05 | 1987-01-23 | Rhone Poulenc Spec Chim | Procede de fabrication de supports de catalyseurs a base d'alumine dont la durabilite est amelioree |
FR2584388B1 (fr) * | 1985-07-03 | 1991-02-15 | Rhone Poulenc Spec Chim | Composition a base d'oxyde cerique, sa preparation et ses utilisations |
FR2640954B1 (ko) * | 1988-12-23 | 1991-03-29 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | |
US5064803A (en) * | 1990-08-31 | 1991-11-12 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Preparation of three-way catalysts with highly dispersed ceria |
-
1991
- 1991-12-09 FR FR9115210A patent/FR2684662B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1992
- 1992-10-16 EP EP92402846A patent/EP0547924B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-10-16 ES ES92402846T patent/ES2098475T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-10-16 DE DE69217340T patent/DE69217340T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-10-16 AT AT92402846T patent/ATE148675T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-10-23 ZA ZA928208A patent/ZA928208B/xx unknown
- 1992-11-10 AU AU28264/92A patent/AU652863B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1992-12-03 MX MX9206985A patent/MX9206985A/es unknown
- 1992-12-07 BR BR9204886A patent/BR9204886A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1992-12-07 JP JP4351107A patent/JP2528066B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-12-08 CA CA002084853A patent/CA2084853C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-12-08 FI FI925574A patent/FI925574L/fi unknown
- 1992-12-09 KR KR1019920023722A patent/KR0174279B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-12-09 US US07/987,777 patent/US5529969A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE148675T1 (de) | 1997-02-15 |
US5529969A (en) | 1996-06-25 |
EP0547924A1 (fr) | 1993-06-23 |
FR2684662B1 (fr) | 1994-05-06 |
EP0547924B1 (fr) | 1997-02-05 |
FR2684662A1 (fr) | 1993-06-11 |
DE69217340D1 (de) | 1997-03-20 |
ZA928208B (en) | 1993-04-28 |
FI925574A0 (fi) | 1992-12-08 |
AU652863B2 (en) | 1994-09-08 |
AU2826492A (en) | 1993-06-10 |
FI925574L (fi) | 1993-06-10 |
CA2084853C (fr) | 2000-11-07 |
JP2528066B2 (ja) | 1996-08-28 |
MX9206985A (es) | 1994-06-30 |
ES2098475T3 (es) | 1997-05-01 |
JPH05270824A (ja) | 1993-10-19 |
BR9204886A (pt) | 1993-06-22 |
CA2084853A1 (fr) | 1993-06-10 |
DE69217340T2 (de) | 1997-08-21 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
KR0174279B1 (ko) | 세륨(iv) 산화물 기재 조성물, 이의 제법 및 용도 | |
KR910010131B1 (ko) | 새로운 형태학적 특성을 갖는 산화 제2세륨 및 그 제조방법 | |
JP2670983B2 (ja) | 酸化第二セリウムを主体とする組成物の製造方法 | |
JP2651993B2 (ja) | 酸化第二セリウムをベースにした組成物、製法及び用途 | |
US5002747A (en) | Process for obtaining ceric oxide | |
KR920007596B1 (ko) | 개선된 형태학적 특성을 갖는 산화 제2세륨 및 그의 제조 방법 | |
US5972820A (en) | Methods of making stabilized crystalline alumina compositions, and alumina compositions and catalyst supports made therefrom | |
US6284696B1 (en) | Mesopore molecular sieve and process for the production thereof | |
JP2517265B2 (ja) | セリウム4化合物の水性コロイド分散液の製造方法 | |
KR20010021770A (ko) | 미세다공성인 플루오르화된 실리카 집괴물, 이의 제조방법 및 이의 사용 방법 | |
US5891412A (en) | Ceric oxide particulates having improved morphology | |
KR100219259B1 (ko) | 제2세륨 산화물 기재 조성물,이의제조방법및용도 | |
JP4026884B2 (ja) | メソポア分子ふるい、およびその製造方法 | |
JP3950691B2 (ja) | セリウムiiiを含有するセリウム化合物のコロイド分散液、その製造法及びその使用 | |
KR920008518B1 (ko) | 비표면이 큰 산화 제2세륨의 제조 방법 | |
US5174984A (en) | Ceric oxide with new morphological characteristics and method for obtaining same | |
JP2008247714A (ja) | 金属酸化物粉末の製造法 | |
EP0871588A1 (en) | Stabilized delta-alumina compositions, and catalyst supports and systems made therefrom | |
JPH08165277A (ja) | インドールまたはインドール誘導体製造用触媒の調製方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PA0109 | Patent application |
Patent event code: PA01091R01D Comment text: Patent Application Patent event date: 19921209 |
|
PG1501 | Laying open of application | ||
A201 | Request for examination | ||
PA0201 | Request for examination |
Patent event code: PA02012R01D Patent event date: 19960321 Comment text: Request for Examination of Application Patent event code: PA02011R01I Patent event date: 19921209 Comment text: Patent Application |
|
E902 | Notification of reason for refusal | ||
PE0902 | Notice of grounds for rejection |
Comment text: Notification of reason for refusal Patent event date: 19980602 Patent event code: PE09021S01D |
|
E701 | Decision to grant or registration of patent right | ||
PE0701 | Decision of registration |
Patent event code: PE07011S01D Comment text: Decision to Grant Registration Patent event date: 19980914 |
|
GRNT | Written decision to grant | ||
PR0701 | Registration of establishment |
Comment text: Registration of Establishment Patent event date: 19981104 Patent event code: PR07011E01D |
|
PR1002 | Payment of registration fee |
Payment date: 19981104 End annual number: 3 Start annual number: 1 |
|
PG1601 | Publication of registration | ||
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20011027 Start annual number: 4 End annual number: 4 |
|
FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20021025 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
PR1001 | Payment of annual fee |
Payment date: 20021025 Start annual number: 5 End annual number: 5 |
|
LAPS | Lapse due to unpaid annual fee | ||
PC1903 | Unpaid annual fee |
Termination category: Default of registration fee Termination date: 20040810 |