JPS641776B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an operating state of a camera, a discriminating device, and more particularly to an opening/closing control mechanism for a switch that controls the connection of power to an electric shutter circuit in a camera employing an electric shutter.

For cameras that use an electric shutter,
At least when the shutter is in operation, an operating power source must be connected to the electric shutter circuit, and for this purpose the power switch must be held closed. However, on the other hand, this power switch must be kept in a state in which it cannot be closed until the photographed film is not completely wound up. Particularly in an electromagnetic release type electric shutter, if the power switch is closed during film winding, the shutter will start operating immediately, so the opening and closing of the power switch must be controlled reliably.

From the above point of view, it is recommended to use a switch that opens and closes in accordance with the completion of shutter operation and hoisting operation as a changeover switch in the power supply circuit system, for example, in
It is known from Publication No. 60626, Utility Model Application Publication No. 116431/1983, etc. However, in these conventional technologies, if the timing between the end of shutter operation and the end of winding is not well adjusted, the film may move during shutter operation or the winding may stop immediately after winding has started. In the past, there was a problem with it clogging up.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and provides a camera operating state in which the end of shutter operation and the time of release of the winding stop are accurately matched, and the winding is not stopped immediately after the start of winding. The purpose is to obtain a discriminating device.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically explained based on an illustrated embodiment. Note that this embodiment will be explained using a uniaxially rotating electric shutter as an example.

In FIG. 1, a shaft attachment part 3a of a tube shaft 3, which is integrally provided with a gear 2 at the bottom thereof, is rotatably supported on the substrate 1, and is rotatably fitted into the inside of the tube shaft 3. A disc-shaped shutter drive member 5 is fixed to the upper part of the shaft 4. A driving spring 6 is fitted into the tube shaft 3, and a lower end 6a of this spring 6
(see Fig. 2) engages with the base of a locking arm 3b that protrudes high in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the paper in Fig. 2 on the upper end surface of the shaft attachment part 3a of the tube shaft 3, and this spring The upper end 6b (see FIG. 1) of the spring 6 engages with a notch 5a provided in a part of the periphery of the shutter drive member 5. are operationally connected.

The gear 2 is operatively connected to a well-known film winding mechanism (not shown), and forms a film winding member in the present invention. This gear 2 is adapted to rotate in the direction of arrow a shown in FIG. 2 as the film is wound up. A non-return pawl 9 supported by a shaft 7 and provided with an engagement habit by a coil spring 8 is engaged with this gear 2. It prevents rotation.

A part of the periphery of the shutter drive member 5 has
As shown in FIG. 2, a locked arm 5b is provided in a protruding manner. This locked arm 5b also serves as a winding release portion for displacing a winding member, which will be described later. Further, a locking arm 10a formed by one arm of the starting locking member 10 abuts against the locked arm 5b.
This locking member 10, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2,
It is formed of a lever, and its fulcrum is swingably supported by a shaft 11. And the locking arm 10a
extends toward the locked arm 5b,
The tip thereof is adapted to engage with the locked arm 5b. The engaging portion 10b at the tip is connected to the first and third engaging portions.
As shown in the figure, it is formed of an inclined surface that slopes diagonally downward to the left, and comes into contact with one side edge of the locked arm 5b through line contact. Further, at the end of the other arm 10c extending in the opposite direction to the locking arm 10a, as shown in FIGS.
A suction piece 14 is attached to the shutter release magnet Mg ₁ by a pin 12. Further, a compressible coil spring 13 is applied to the other arm 10c, and the locking member 10 has a habit of rotating clockwise around the shaft 11. Therefore, as a result, the engaging portion 10b is engaged with the locked arm 5b, and the attracting piece 14 is brought into contact with the attracting surface of the magnet _Mg1 .

In this example, the magnet Mg ₁ is
A well-known magnet called a combination magnet or a release type electromagnet, which is a combination of a permanent magnet 15 and an electromagnetic coil 16, is used. This magnet Mg ₁ consists of a permanent magnet 15 held between yokes 17a and 17b, and a coil 16 wound around one yoke 17a.
5 attracts and restrains the attracting piece 14, but when an excitation current flows through the coil 16 and the electromagnet consisting of the yoke and the coil is excited in a direction that demagnetizes the attracting magnetic force of the permanent magnet 15, The adsorption piece 14 is released from its restraint and becomes free. Therefore, the exciting current may be a pulse current.

On the other hand, the locked arm 5 of the shutter drive member 5
In the rotation path b, there is a shutter blade 3 which will be described later.
3 and 34 are fully opened, a control portion 24b formed on one arm 24a of the shutter time determining locking member 24, with which the locked arm 5b engages, begins to extend. The locking member 24 is formed of a lever, the swinging fulcrum of which is pivotally connected to a shaft 25 planted on the base plate 1, and is formed of a bent upright piece at the tip of one arm 24a. The control section 24b is located within the rotation path of the locked arm 5b. The other arm 24c of the locking member 24 extends in the opposite direction to the one arm 24a, and has an adsorption piece 27 at its end that is adsorbed to the shutter control magnet Mg ₂ by a pin 26.
is installed.

The above magnet Mg ₂ has a U-shaped yoke 28.
When an excitation current is passed through the excitation coil 39, the attraction piece 27 is attracted and restrained by the attraction magnetic force of the electromagnet, and the excitation current is cut off. When this happens, it serves to free the suction piece 27.

In addition, a tightening coil spring 19 is applied to the other arm 24c, and the locking member 2
4 is given the habit of rotating counterclockwise around the support shaft 25. Therefore, as a result, the control section 24b is positioned within the rotation path of the locked arm 5b, and the suction piece 27 is brought into contact with the suction surface of the magnet _Mg2 . An engagement control member 40 rotatably fitted to the support shaft 25 is disposed on the upper surface of the locking member 24. This control member 40
A bulging edge 40a extending toward the inside of the rotation path of the locked arm 5b is formed on the edge 40a.
a is a close aide of the control section 24b, and
The locking arm 5b is disposed at a position adjacent to the locked arm 5b with respect to the locking arm 5b. This bulging edge 40a has an inclined edge 40b on the side edge of the locked arm 5b.
When the control member 40 rotates, it first collides with this inclined edge 40b, kicks it away, and moves the control member 40 to the support shaft 25.
After rotating the locking member 2 clockwise around the
It is designed to engage with the control section 24b of No. 4.
Further, the engagement control member 40 and the locking member 24 are operatively connected by a spring 41 to form a double lever. That is, the spring 41 is formed of a torsion spring wound around the support shaft 25,
One end thereof is hung on an upright piece 24d formed on one side edge of the other arm 24c of the locking member 24, and the other end is a projecting piece 40c projecting from the control member 40 in a direction perpendicular to the bulging edge 40a. It's being put on. Therefore, although the engagement control member 40 is given the habit of rotating counterclockwise around the support shaft 25, the rotation due to this habit normally causes the projecting piece 40c to collide with the upright piece 24d. This positions the bulging edge 40a within the rotation path of the locked arm 5b.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a winding stopper member 42 is attached to the shaft attachment portion of the lower end portion 6a of the driving spring 6 on the outside of the portion where the locking arm 3b to be engaged is protruded.
A notch 3c is provided to engage with. The winding member 42 is rotatably supported at its swinging fulcrum by a fixed shaft 43, and rotates counterclockwise around the shaft 43 by a compressible coil spring 44 applied to the tail end. It has a habit of rotating. This winding member 42, as shown in FIG.
A hook portion 42a extends from the base in an inverted L shape and is bent toward the notch 3c to form a hook portion 42a that engages with the notch 3c.
A switch opening/closing part 42d formed of a vertically rising piece is provided in the middle of the side edge of the arm opposite to a, and the tip thereof faces into the rotation path of the locked arm 5b. It is formed as an engagement release arm 42b that is bent. The distal end of the release arm 42b, which is located within the rotation path of the locked arm 5b, has an inclined edge 42 that is inclined toward the rotational direction of the locked arm 5b.
The hook portion 42a is separated from the notch 3c by pushing the inclined edge 42c by the locked arm 5b and rotating the winding member 42 clockwise around the support shaft 43. It's becoming like that. However, as shown in FIG. 2, the winding member 42 rotates counterclockwise around the shaft 43 due to the elasticity of the spring 44, so that the hook portion 42a engages with the notch 3c, and the tube shaft 3 prevent the rotation of
Winding the film. Further, in this state, the inclined edge 42c is located within the rotation path of the locked arm 5b.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an elastic contact piece 45 is provided on the outer side of the switch opening/closing portion 42d.
A normally open hold release switch SW ₂ is provided as a switch for determining the operating state, which is formed by elements a and 45b. This switch SW ₂ is for releasing the hold on the power connection of the electric shutter circuit, which will be described later, at the end of film winding.
When the winding stopping member 42 rotates clockwise around the shaft 43, it is closed by the switch opening/closing part 42d, and when the winding of the film is completed, the hook part 42a engages with the notch 3c and the winding is completed. Stop member 4
2 rotates counterclockwise around the axis 43,
It's starting to open up.

That is, the winding member 42 also serves as an opening/closing member for the hold release switch _SW2 .

On the other hand, the shutter release member 18, as shown in FIG. , is supported slidably in the vertical direction, and is supported by a coil spring 22.
The fixed axis 2 is given an upward migration habit by
1 and the elongated hole 18c, its movement range is restricted. A shutter release button 23 is fixed to the top of the shutter release member 18.

Further, a drive pin 29 is implanted in a portion near the periphery of the upper end surface of the shutter drive member 5 at a position diagonally upper right in FIG. The rod 30 is fitted into an elongated hole 30b formed in a driven portion 30a formed by bending the lower end portion of the rod 30 in the horizontal direction. Note that, in FIG. 2, only the lower portion of the connecting rod 30 is shown.

As shown in FIG. 1, the connecting rod 30 is swingably supported by a shaft 31, and a pin 32 implanted in its upper end is connected to both shutter blades 33
They are simultaneously fitted into elongated holes 33a and 34a drilled in the base of 34. Both shutter blades 33, 34
is rotatably supported at its base by shafts 35 and 36, and in the state shown in FIG.
is closed. These shutter blades 33,3
Reference numeral 4 constitutes a so-called vario-type shutter, and when the shutter drive member 5 rotates due to the release elasticity of the driving spring 6 as described later, a connecting rod 30 is connected to its shaft 31 via a drive pin 29. As it swings around, the optical path 37 is opened and closed.

As shown in FIG. 1, a switch pressing step 18d is formed on the left side of the upper portion of the shutter release member 18, and below this step 18d is a normally open release switch SW. _One elastic contact piece 38a, 38b is provided. This switch SW ₁ is open in the state shown in FIG.

Next, an electric shutter circuit that automatically controls the above-mentioned shutter mechanism will be explained. This electric shutter circuit is constructed as shown in FIG.

In FIG. 8, the release line is connected between the operating voltage supply line E ₁ connected to the positive electrode of the power source E and the operating voltage supply line E ₂ connected to the negative electrode.
A power hold switch is formed by a series circuit of SW ₁ , resistors R ₁ and R ₂ , a series circuit of hold release transistor Q ₄ , resistor R ₅ , and start transistor Q ₁ , and a programmable union transistor PUT. transistor
A series circuit of Q ₂ , resistor R ₆ , and resistor R ₇ are connected to each other. Transistor Q ₂ of the above hold switch is a control switch that controls energization of the power supply, and its anode is connected to line E ₁ , its cathode is connected to resistor R ₆ , and its gate is connected to the collector of transistor Q ₄ above. It is connected. And between this gate and the above line E ₁ ,
The resistor _R4 and the switch _SW2 for releasing the hold are connected in parallel, and the transistor
A resistor R ₃ is connected between the base of Q _{4 and the line E 1 .}

Further, a capacitor _C5 is connected between the lines _E1 and _E2 via a discharge prevention transistor _Q10 formed of a field effect transistor FET. This capacitor _C5 is normally charged from the power supply E, and the shutter button 23
(See Figure 1) is pressed, switch SW ₁ is closed, and when the power supply voltage is above the specified value, the charge is discharged in pulses toward _the magnet Mg ₁ . Its role is to demagnetize the shutter and start the shutter mechanism.

Further, a common line E ₃ is connected to _the line E 2 by a switching transistor Q ₃ as a control switch.
A main control circuit of the electric shutter circuit, a self-timer circuit, a battery check circuit, etc. are connected between this line _E3 and the line _E1 . The above transistor Q ₃ has its collector connected to line E ₃ and its emitter connected to line E ₂ .
The bases are respectively connected to the connection points of the resistors _R6 and _R7 , and when the transistor _Q2 is conductive, it is turned on and serves to connect the line _E3 to the line _E2 . Therefore, transistor _Q3 constitutes a substantial power switch.

Between the lines E ₃ and E ₁ , there is first a regulator circuit A ₁ configuring a constant voltage source and a resistor R ₈ ,
Comparator A ₂ that constitutes the R ₉ voltage divider and judgment circuit, and resistance RV ₁ for setting the judgment level of the power supply voltage.
A power supply voltage determination circuit consisting of the following is connected.
In addition, the output terminal of the above comparator A ₂ and the line
A resistor _R10 is connected between the comparator _A2 and the base of the transistor _Q4 , and a power hold release circuit consisting of a series circuit of a resistor _{R11 and} a diode _D3 is connected between the output terminal of the comparator A2 and the base of the transistor Q4. It is connected. Next to the above judgment circuit, there is a normally open switch SW ₅ which is closed during flash photography, and a resistor.
Series circuit of R ₁₃ and R ₁₄ and resistor R ₁₅ and transistor
A long exposure circuit consisting of a series circuit of _Q7 is connected. Next to this circuit is a series circuit consisting of a time constant capacitor C ₁ , a light receiving element P ₁ consisting of a photoelectric conversion element such as CdS, and a semi-fixed resistor RV ₂ .
A photometry circuit consisting of a voltage dividing circuit including a semi-fixed resistor RV ₃ and a resistor R ₁₉ and a photometry determination comparator A ₃ is connected. Above capacitor C ₁ and photodetector P ₁
is connected to one input terminal of comparator A ₃ via resistor R ₁₆ , and the connection point of resistor RV ₃ and resistor R ₁₉ of the voltage divider circuit is connected to one input terminal of comparator A 3 through resistor R 16.
Connected to the other input end of A ₃ . Also, the connection point between capacitor C ₁ and photodetector P ₁ and line E ₃
A diode D ₁ is connected between them, and a capacitor C ₁ is connected between the above connection point and the line E ₁ .
Transistor _Q5 , which is a trigger switch, is connected in parallel with the trigger switch. this transistor
A resistor _R18 is connected between the base of _Q5 and the line _E1 , and a resistor _R19 that applies an operating signal from a comparator _A6 , which will be described later, is further connected to the base. Furthermore, an exposure compensation circuit consisting of a series circuit of switch SW ₄ and capacitor C ₂ is connected to both ends of the capacitor C ₁ .
When you want to change the exposure multiple, use the switch SW ₄ above.
is starting to close. The magnet Mg ₂ is connected between the output end of the comparator A ₃ and the line E ₁ . Also, the comparator
A hold release circuit consisting of a series circuit of a resistor R ₂₀ and a diode D ₄ is connected between A ₃ and the base of the transistor Q ₄ . This hold release circuit serves to cut off the conduction of the transistor Q 2 via the transistor Q ₄ in response to _a signal from the comparator A ₃ when the power to the magnet Mg ₂ is cut off. Further, the photometric amount to the light receiving element _P1 is inputted through the aperture _G1 .

Next to the photometric circuit configured as above, there is a voltage dividing circuit consisting of a series circuit of resistors R ₂₁ and R ₂₂ , a comparator A ₄ , and a light emitting element P ₂ formed of a light emitting diode for displaying light. , a resistor R ₂₄ , transistors Q ₈ , Q ₉ , a time constant circuit of a capacitor C ₃ , a resistor R ₂₇ , and a diode D ₂ are connected to a self-timer circuit. Above resistance
_The connection point of R ₂₁ and R ₂₂ is connected to one input end of comparator A ₄
A capacitor C ₄ is connected between the other input end of the line E 1 and the line E ₁ . Further, a resistor R ₂₃ is connected between the other input terminal and the output terminal of the comparator A ₄ , and the output terminal is connected to the base of the transistor Q ₉ . The base of the above transistor _Q8 is connected to the final stage comparator _A6 , which will be described later, and the magnet
When Mg ₁ becomes conductive, it receives a signal from comparator A ₆ and turns off. The time constant circuit consisting of the capacitor C ₃ and resistor R ₂₇ is used to set the delay time of the self-timer, and is connected to the fixed terminal SW _3c of the selection switch SW ₃ , which will be described later.
and line E ₃ , and their connection point is connected to one input of comparator A ₆ via resistor R ₂₈ .

A battery check circuit is connected next to this self-timer circuit. This circuit consists of a power supply voltage determination comparator _A5 and a voltage dividing circuit including resistors _R25 and _R26 . The series circuit of the resistors R ₂₅ and R ₂₆ is connected between the fixed terminal SW _3d of the selection switch SW ₃ , which will be described later, and the line E ₂ , and the connection point between the resistors R ₂₅ and R ₂₆ is connected to the comparator A. ₅ is connected to the input end. In addition, the operating voltage of comparator _A5 is
It is supplied through SW _3d and line E ₂ , the output of which is connected to the transistor Q ₈ mentioned above.
is connected to the collector of and the connection point of resistor _R24 .

A magnet drive circuit for operating the shutter release magnet _Mg1 is connected to the final stage. This circuit consists of a voltage divider circuit of resistors R ₂₉ and R ₃₀ , a comparator A ₆ , a shutter release magnet Mg ₁ , and a transistor.
It consists of Q ₆ . The connection point of the above resistors R ₂₉ and R ₃₀ is connected to the other input terminal of the comparator A ₆ , and the magnet Mg ₁ is connected to the comparator
It is connected to the output end of _A6 as shown. Also,
Transistor Q ₆ connects its emitter to line E ₁ ,
The collector is connected to the connection point of the capacitor C ₃ and the resistor R ₂₇ , respectively, and the base is connected to the resistor R _12.
It is connected to the output terminal of the comparator _A2 through.

Note that the line _E1 connected to the positive electrode of the power source E is grounded.

Next, the selection changeover switch SW ₃ is a rotary type changeover switch, and when checking the battery voltage of the electric circuit and setting the camera to the self-timer shooting mode, the selection switch SW 3 Therefore, by switching switch SW ₃ , the battery is checked and the self-timer is activated. This switch SW ₃ has four fixed terminals: a fixed terminal SW _3d for battery check, a fixed terminal SW _3a for automatic exposure, a fixed terminal SW _3b for clearing, and a fixed terminal SW _3c for self-timer. and
In contrast, the movable contact piece SW ₃₀ can be switched in a rotary manner. Note that the fixed terminal SW _3a for automatic exposure is formed without a terminal, and the fixed terminal SW _3b for clearing is connected to the gate of the transistor Q ₂ . Also,
This switch SW ₃ is mechanically constructed as shown in FIG. 9. That is, the movable contact piece SW ₃₀ can be switched to the fixed terminals SW _3c , SW _3b , and SW _3d formed on the electrically insulating substrate 46 by printing conductive foil or the like. The above movable contact piece
The SW ₃₀ is fixed via an insulating member 48 to a rotating shaft 47 that is rotatably attached to a substrate 46 . This movable contact piece SW ₃₀ is formed with three contact sliding contact pieces SW ₃₀₁ , SW ₃₀₂ , and SW ₃₀₃ , and a fixed terminal is provided on the rotation path of the sliding contact piece.
SW _3c , SW _3b , and SW _3d are provided. The movable contact piece SW ₃₀ is arranged to rotate around the rotating shaft 47, and its sliding contact piece SW ₃₀₁ is provided near the rotating shaft 47, and this contact piece SW ₃₀₁ has a partial circular shape. It is constantly in contact with the arc-shaped common fixed terminal SW _3e . This terminal SW _3e is connected to line E ₁ (see Figure 8).
When the switch SW ₃ is switched, it serves to supply operating voltage to the other fixed terminals through the movable contact piece SW ₃₀ .

The fixed terminal SW _3c is provided on the outer left side of the common fixed terminal SW _3e (in FIG. 9), and is adapted to come into contact with the sliding contact piece SW ₃₀₂ . Also, the fixed terminal SW _3d above is the fixed terminal SW 3d.
It is disposed at the right end (in FIG. 9) on the opposite side of SW _3c and is in contact with sliding contact pieces SW ₃₀₂ and SW ₃₀₃ . In addition, the above fixed terminal
SW _3b is disposed outside the fixed terminal SW _3c and closer to the fixed terminal SW _3d , and has a sliding contact piece.
Coming into contact with SW ₃₀₃ . A terminal-free position for automatic exposure is formed between the fixed terminal SW _3b and the terminal SW _3d .

In addition, the fixed terminal SW _3c for the above self-timer
The right end part extends toward the terminal-free position for automatic exposure, and the left end part of the fixed terminal SW _3b for clearing in the circumferential direction and the double part l in the radial direction centered on the rotating shaft 47. It is formed. That is, in this part l, the sliding contact piece SW ₃₀₂ is connected to the fixed terminal.
The sliding contact piece SW ₃₀₃ contacts the fixed terminal SW _3b at SW _3c . This is because the circuit of this electric shutter is designed to perform automatic exposure photography except in the battery check state and in the self-timer shooting state. For this reason, for example, if you press the shutter button after setting the self-timer and want to cancel it midway through, if you return switch SW ₃ to its original state, the circuit will automatically switch to the automatic exposure state, and at that point, The release operation is performed immediately. Therefore, in order to prevent this, after switching the changeover switch SW ₃ to set the camera to the self-timer shooting state, canceling this midway and restoring the switch SW ₃ , the movable contact switch SW ₃₀ is fixed terminal SW _3c for self-timer and fixed terminal for clear
A portion l is provided that contacts SW _3b , and when the contact piece SW ₃₀ passes through this clearing terminal SW _3b , the hold on the power supply is released and the electric shutter circuit is cleared to its initial state. . Therefore, the hold on the power supply circuit is broken, and the shutter will not be released unless the shutter button is pressed again.

Changeover switch SW ₃ configured like this
The rotating shaft 47 extends to the top surface of the camera, and the selection knob 50 fixed thereto is aligned with the automatic shooting index A, the battery check index B, and the self-timer shooting index S. It is now possible to switch.

The electric shutter circuit is configured as described above.

Next, the operation of this electric shutter will be explained.

Figures 1 and 2 show the camera with the film wound up and the shutter charged. In this state, since the driving spring 6 is stored, a force is applied to the shutter drive member 5 to rotate it counterclockwise. However, the locked arm 5b is connected to the locking member 1 which is restrained by the shutter release magnet Mg ₁ .
By contacting the engagement portion 10b of 0, the shutter drive member 5 is kept stationary at the start position. Therefore, in this state, a force is applied by the locked arm 5b to the engaging portion 10b formed by the inclined surface in a direction to move it upward.

In this state, to perform automatic exposure photography,
Align the selection knob 50 with the auto shooting index A,
All you have to do is press the shutter button 23. When the knob 50 is aligned with the index A, the movable contact piece SW ₃₀ is placed in the non-terminal position, as shown in FIG. and,
In this state, all other switches are off. Further, in this state, both shutter blades 33 and 34 are in a closed state, as shown in FIG. Then, when the shutter release button 23 is pushed in, the shutter release member 18
is lowered, and the release switch _SW1 is closed by the stepped portion 18d. When this is closed, in the electric circuit shown in Figure 8, the transistor
Q ₁ turns on, and due to the conduction of this transistor Q ₁ , the transistor of the hold switch
The anode and gate of Q ₂ are biased, making the transistor Q ₂ conductive, which turns on the next transistor Q ₃ . In this state transistor _Q4 is off.

In addition, the transistor for the hold switch
As mentioned above, Q ₂ consists of PUT, so
Once conductive, it continues to conduct even when the release switch SW ₁ is turned off, thereby keeping the transistor Q ₃ on, thereby holding the connection of the power source E to the circuit.

When the above transistor _Q3 turns on, the power supply E
voltage is applied between lines E ₁ and E ₃ . When this voltage is added, the power supply voltage determination circuit first checks whether the power supply voltage is equal to or higher than the reference voltage. That is, the power supply voltage is determined by the regulator circuit A ₁ , comparator A _{2 ,} etc., and if this voltage is lower than the set reference voltage value, the final stage transistor in comparator A ₂ is turned on. gives base current to transistor _Q4 via diode _D3 and resistor _R11 ,
Conduct this and connect it to the anode of transistor _Q2 .
Short-circuit the gates to make them non-conductive, cut the base current to transistor _Q3 , and turn it off. When transistor Q ₃ is turned off, the power connection to lines E ₃ and E ₁ is broken, so the circuit resets and is inactive.

When the power supply voltage is higher than the set reference value, the final stage in comparator A ₂ is turned off, so transistor Q ₄ remains off, and since transistor Q ₆ is turned off, resistor R Both ends of ₂₇ become OV, comparator A ₆
The potential of the negative input terminal of the comparator A6 becomes higher than that of the positive input terminal, and the final stage NPN transistor in the comparator _A6 turns on. When this turns on, the charge stored in capacitor _C5 flows in pulses to shutter release magnet _Mg1 , so
The attracting magnetic force of the magnet is demagnetized.

When this is demagnetized, as shown in FIG. 1, the adsorption piece 14 that was restrained by the magnet Mg ₁ becomes free, so that the locking arm 5b is released from the engaging part 10b by the release elasticity of the driving spring 6. Push up the locking member 1
0 counterclockwise around the support shaft 11 against its habit, and the shutter drive member 5 is started.

When the shutter drive member 5 is unlocked and rotates in the direction of arrow a shown in FIG. 2, and from the position shown in FIG. 2 to the position shown in FIG. The connecting rod 30 is swung by the drive pin 29 from the position shown in FIG. 1 to the position shown in FIG. death,
The locked arm 5b is connected to the bulging edge 40 of the engagement control member 40.
At the position (see FIG. 6) where the lens a is kicked off and locked by the control section 24b, the photographing optical path 37 is completely opened as shown in FIG.

Furthermore, when the locked arm 5b kicks off the bulging edge 40a, the control member 40 resists its own tendency to move the support shaft 2
5 in the clockwise direction, and both legs of the spring 41 are opened. Therefore, this applies a force to the locking member 24 in a direction that makes it easier to separate from the magnet Mg ₂ against its own tendency. In addition, the locked arm 5
b collides with the inclined edge 40b of the bulging edge 40a and is then stopped by the control section 24b, so that the control section 24
b, without suddenly colliding with a large force,
The locking action can be performed smoothly, and the shutter blades 33 and 34 can be fully opened without bouncing.

On the other hand, the magnet through comparator A ₆
At the same time that the demagnetizing current flows through Mg ₁ , an off signal is applied from comparator A ₆ to trigger transistor Q ₅ shown in FIG. 8 through resistor R ₁₉ . Therefore, this results in transistor Q ₅
is turned off and the photometry circuit starts operating. This photometry circuit integrates the amount of light reflected from the subject using a time constant circuit including a capacitor _C1 , a light receiving element _P1, and a resistor _RV2 , and adds the integrated value to a comparator _A3 . In other words, the time constant of the above time constant circuit is determined by the capacitance of the capacitor _C1 being _C1 ', the resistance value determined corresponding to the photometric value of the photodetector _P1 being Rcds, and the semi-fixed resistor being C1'.
If the resistance value of RV ₂ is RV ₂ ′, then C ₁ ′×(Rcds+
RV ₂ ′), and as is well known, the time taken to charge the capacitor C ₁ by this time constant is the appropriate shutter time for the subject. Then, as time passes due to the above charging, the potential at the negative input terminal of the comparator A ₃ due to the charging of the capacitor C ₁ drops to the potential at the dividing point of the resistors RV ₃ and R ₁₉ . , comparator A ₃ is activated,
Cut off the power to the shutter control magnet Mg ₂ and close the shutter. The above magnet
When the transistor Q ₃ is turned on, Mg ₂ is immediately energized and attracts the attraction piece 27 by its electromagnetic attraction force, thereby restraining the second time determination locking member 24 . Therefore, when the current supply is cut off, the restraining force disappears, and the locking member 24 has its control section 24b in the sixth position.
As shown in the figure, since it is pressed by the locked arm 5b, it rotates clockwise around the support shaft 25, and the control section 24b retreats from the rotation path of the locked arm 5b. . When the shutter drive member 5 rotates counterclockwise from the position shown in FIG. 6 to the position shown in FIG. , locked arm 5b
collide with each other, and the rotation of the drive member 5 is stopped. The shutter blades 33, 34 begin to close when the shutter drive member 5 starts rotating from the position shown in FIG. 6, and have already completely closed the photographing optical path 37 at the stop position of the drive member 5. In an electric shutter of the type that uses an electromagnet to maintain the open state of the shutter, the delay in the operation of the electromagnet (in the present invention, the magnet Mg ₂ ) becomes a problem at high speed shutter speeds. Conventionally, in order to eliminate this delay in the operation of the electromagnet, many devices have been devised by making the time constant circuit operate earlier than the shutter start time, but this increases the cost and makes adjustment difficult. There were flaws.

Furthermore, in an electromagnetic release type shutter such as the shutter of the present invention, in which the electromagnet Mg ₁ is used to start opening the shutter, and the electromagnet Mg ₂ is used to maintain the shutter open state, both magnets are used. There is a delay in the activation of Mg ₁ and Mg ₂ and a mechanical activation delay. To explain this in more detail, as shown in Figure 11,
Electrical operating characteristics A of time constant circuit and magnet
When comparing the shutter opening/closing operation characteristics B due to Mg ₁ and Mg ₂ , the operation start timing of the time constant circuit A ₁
If the operating timing B ₁ of the magnet Mg ₁ for the electromagnetic release of the shutter is the same, then the magnet Mg ₁
When the magnet Mg 1 is energized, an electrical activation delay time α ₁ due to a back electromotive force occurs in the magnet Mg ₁ , and a mechanical activation delay time α ₂ of the starting locking member 10 is added to this, causing the shutter to open. , the above timing
A ₁ and B ₁ have an operation delay time of (α ₁ + α ₂ ),
The shutter will be fully opened after a delay of this amount of time. In addition, with respect to the operation end timing A ₂ of the time constant circuit, the operation timing B ₂ of the shutter closing magnet Mg ₂ is such that when the magnet Mg ₂ is de-energized, the electrical activation delay time β ₁ due to the back electromotive force is The shutter is closed due to the mechanical activation delay time β ₂ of the locking member 24 for determining the shutter time being added to the magnet Mg ₂ .
A ₂ and B ₂ have an activation delay time of (β ₁ + β ₂ ),
The shutter will close after a delay of this amount of time.

Therefore, in this electromagnetic release shutter, the activation delay time α ₁ of magnet Mg ₁ and the activation delay time β ₁ of magnet Mg ₂ are the same, and the mechanical activation delay times α ₂ and β ₂ are the same. Then, the delay time when the shutter opens (α ₁ + α ₂ ) and the delay time when the shutter closes (β ₁ + β ₂ ) are the same as when the time constant circuit starts and ends the operation. Therefore, if the time constant circuit is activated at the same time as the magnet Mg ₁ is energized, the amount of exposure to the film can basically be properly controlled by the time constant circuit.

However, variations in the timing of the mechanical operations of the electromagnets and levers result in both premature and delayed activation, making it almost impossible to adjust them consistently.

However, like the electric shutter of the present invention,
A release type electromagnet (magnet Mg ₁ ) with a permanent magnet is used for the shutter opening operation, and an ordinary electromagnet (magnet Mg 1) is used for the shutter closing operation.
When Mg ₂ ) is used, the electrical activation delay of magnet Mg ₁ is usually greater than the electrical activation delay of magnet Mg ₂ . This is because the release type electromagnet demagnetizes the attracting magnetic force of the permanent magnet by the electromagnetic force that is excited when the electromagnet coil is energized, and this demagnetization effect is combined with the back electromotive force induced in the coil. This seems to be due to the fact that it becomes somewhat dull. Therefore, be sure to use a magnet.
Mg ₁ has a longer electrical activation delay time, and both magnets Mg ₁ and Mg ₂ cannot have the same electrical activation delay time. This means that the magnet Mg ₂ , which uses a normal electromagnet, operates faster than the magnet Mg ₁ , which uses a release type electromagnet, so the closing operation of the shutter will occur earlier than the opening operation. , the exposure time for the film is
The result is that the exposure time is shorter than that properly controlled by the time constant circuit.

Therefore, in order to eliminate such problems, the electric shutter of the present invention makes active use of this delay in the electrical operation of the open-type electromagnet, and cuts off the power to the ordinary electromagnet for closing the shutter. Appropriate exposure control is achieved by delaying the timing to some extent by modifying the time constant circuit.

In other words, the electrical activation delay time α ₁ of magnet Mg ₁ and the electrical activation delay time β ₁ of magnet Mg ₂ always have a relationship of α ₁ −β ₁ >0. Therefore, the time difference α ₀ , that is, α ₁ −β ₁ =α ₀ , is added to the time constant circuit for correction. That is, the resistor corrected in this way is the variable resistor RV ₂ in FIG. 8. In this way, by adding the variable resistor RV ₂ to the time constant circuit of the light receiving element P ₁ and the capacitor C ₁ , and selecting the values of the capacitor C ₁ and the variable resistor RV ₂ appropriately, the magnet Mg ₂ is activated for the above time α ₀ . is delayed, resulting in the shutter opening/closing operation characteristic C by the magnets Mg ₁ and Mg ₂ shown in FIG. 11, and the photometric time of the time constant circuit and the exposure time of the film substantially match.
Therefore, if the mechanical activation delay times α ₂ and β ₂ are adjusted to be approximately the same, there will be no error due to the difference in activation delay between this open type electromagnet and a normal electromagnet, and proper exposure can be achieved. The amount can be controlled.

By the way, the subject is very bright and the light receiving element
When the energization to the control magnet Mg ₂ , which instantly determines the appropriate exposure time based on the photometry of P ₁ , is extremely short, the locked arm 5b of the shutter drive member 5
However, in the shutter of the present invention, the locked arm 5b first touches the bulging edge 4 of the engagement control member 40.
The control member 40 is rotated around the support shaft 25 by kicking off the inclined edge 40b of the spring 41, and the legs of the spring 41 are separated, and the elasticity of the closing legs of the spring 41 causes the support shaft to be attached to the locking member 24. 25, the locking member 24 rotates due to the elasticity of the closing leg of the spring 41 when the magnet Mg ₂ is energized for a short period of time, and the locking member 24 rotates due to the elasticity of the closing leg of the spring 41. The stop arm 5b is the control part 2
It rotates without coming into contact with 4b.

Therefore, the drive member 5 can be rotated all at once without reducing the rotational speed of the shutter drive member 5, making high-speed shutter possible.

Then, when the power to the magnet Mg ₂ is cut off, in the electric circuit, a base current is applied from the comparator A ₃ to the transistor Q ₄ via the resistor R ₂₀ and the diode D ₄ , and the transistor
Q ₄ conducts and the anode of transistor Q ₂
Short-circuit the gates to make them non-conductive and turn off transistor _Q3 . When this is turned off,
Since the connection of the power supply E to the electric circuit is cut off, the hold on the power supply by the transistor Q ₂ is released.

On the other hand, just before the locked arm 5b collides with the side surface of the locking arm 3b, the inclined edge 42c of the winding stopper member 42 is pushed and moved, so that the winding stopper 42 is attached to the support shaft 43 as shown in FIG. The hook portion 42a is rotated clockwise against its own tendency to detach from the notch 3c. Moreover, when the winding member 42 rotates,
The switch opening/closing portion 42d closes the hold release switch _SW2 , thereby short-circuiting the anode and gate of the transistor _Q2 of the power hold switch, turning off the transistor _Q2. , release the hold on the power connection.

In this way, two types of means are used to release the hold of transistor Q ₂ of the power hold switch at the end of shutter operation: switch SW ₂ and short circuit by transistor Q ₄ . ₂ is enough. However, the short circuit by transistor Q ₄ is provided to increase its safety, and switch SW ₂ is only shorted when the film has been completely wound and the shutter is not yet in operation. This device is designed to operate the hold switch system. In other words, in any state other than the above, the shutter is not released even if the release button is pressed. Furthermore, the transistor _Q4 is naturally necessary for releasing the hold when the power supply voltage drops.

When the film is wound after the automatic exposure photographing by the electric shutter is completed as described above, the gear 2 rotates in conjunction with this, and the locking arm 3b integrated with the gear 2 rotates to release the driving spring. 6 and rotates the shutter drive member 5 via the drive spring 6 until its locked arm 5b abuts against the inclined engagement portion 10b of the start locking member 10. When the locked arm 5b of the drive member 10 collides with the engaging portion 10b, the drive member 5 remains stationary at the start position, and only the gear 2 rotates to store the driving spring 6. Then, when the tube shaft 3 rotates and the notch 3c of the shaft attachment part 3a corresponds to the hook part 42a of the winding stopper member 42, the winding stopper member 42 rotates around the support shaft 43 in a counterclockwise direction. The hook portion 42a engages with the notch 3c, winds the film, and stops the rotation of the tube shaft 3. When winding of the film is completed in this manner, the various members return to the initial state shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and are ready for the next photographing.

Further, the winding member 42 plays the following important role in the shutter of the present invention. That is, the hook portion 42 for fixing the film
In a, the gear 2 rotates during film winding, and just before the locking arm 3b abuts the locked arm 5b of the shutter drive member 5, it engages with the notch 3c to prevent the gear 2 from rotating. I'm starting to do that. The reason for this is as follows. That is, the locked arm 5b is
During the winding operation, it is in a state where it abuts against the engaging portion 10b of the start locking member 10. In this state, a rotational force is applied to the locked arm 5b by the stored driving spring 6 to push up and rotate the engaging portion 10b. Therefore, if the locking arm 3b pushes the locked arm 5b, there is a risk that the shutter will start. In order to prevent this, the hook part 42a engages with the notch 3c just before the locking arm 3b contacts the locked arm 5b, in other words, the tube shaft 3 and the gear for storing energy in the driving spring 6. The rotation of 2 is stopped.

Furthermore, in the automatic exposure photography described above, if it is desired to change the exposure multiple, it is sufficient to close the exposure correction switch SW ₄ shown in FIG. When this is closed, capacitor C ₂ is connected in parallel to capacitor C ₁ of the time constant circuit of the photometry circuit, so the capacitor becomes C ₁ + C ₂ , and the shutter time in seconds is
That is, the exposure is corrected to ₁ times C ₁ +C ₂ /C.

Furthermore, when it is desired to set a long exposure time such as during flash photography, the switch SW ₅ can be closed. When this is closed, transistor Q ₇ becomes conductive, and resistor R ₁₅ is connected in parallel to the series circuit of light receiving element P ₁ and resistor RV ₂ . Therefore, the light receiving element P ₁
If only resistor RV ₂ is used, the photometry circuit will operate at almost natural light level, but if resistor R ₁₅ is connected, the shutter will be controlled at the time determined by resistor R ₁₅ , for example 1/30 sec. become. If the time is in between, control is performed using the intermediate seconds.

Next, when photographing is to be performed using the self-timer, the shutter may be released after the selection knob 50 (see FIG. 9) is matched with the self-timer photographing index S. The above knob 50 is the index S
, the switch SW ₃ switches and the movable contact piece SW ₃₀ comes into contact with the fixed terminal SW _3c . Then,
The timer circuit formed by the time constant circuit of capacitor C ₃ and resistor R ₂₇ shown in Figure 8 is connected to lines E ₁ and E _3.
Since it is connected between the two, press the release button 23,
The operation of the comparator A ₆ is delayed by the self-timer time set in the timer circuit, for example 15 seconds, from the time when the transistor Q ₃ is turned on. Then, while the operation of this comparator A ₆ is delayed and the drive of the shutter release magnet Mg ₁ is delayed, an on signal is generated from the comparator A ₆ to make the transistor Q ₈ conductive, and the transistor Q ₈ is in the on state.
When this turns on, an intermittent oscillation circuit consisting of a comparator A ₄ , a capacitor C ₄ , a resistor R ₂₃ and a transistor Q ₉ operates, and its output operates the light emitting display section of a light emitting element P ₂ and a resistor R ₂₄ . Make the light emitting element _P2 blink. Therefore, the light emitting element P ₂
While flashing, it indicates that the self-timer is operating. This blinking period is determined by the time constant of capacitor C ₄ and resistor R ₂₃ and the division ratio of resistors R ₂₁ and R ₂₂ . Then, when the self-timer seconds elapse, comparator A ₆ and magnet Mg ₁ are activated and automatic exposure photography is performed.
This operation is as described above.

Furthermore, when this self-timer shooting is stopped midway and the selection knob 50 is returned to the auto shooting position, when the switch SW ₃ is switched to the auto exposure position, the movable contact piece SW ₃₀ is connected to the fixed terminal as described above.
Since SW _3c and clearing fixed terminal SW _3b are contacted at the same time, the hold on the power supply E of the electric circuit is released, the electric shutter circuit is cleared, and the initial state is restored. In addition, the movable contact piece
Although the SW ₃₀ moves and contacts the clearing fixed terminal SW _3b , it is not stopped at this position, and the knob 50 is not set to the clearing indicator C.

Next, when checking the battery, that is, checking the voltage of the power supply E, select the selection knob 50 (see Fig. 9).
It is only necessary to match index B of the battery check. When the knob 50 is set to index B, the switch
SW ₃ switches and the movable contact SW ₃₀ becomes the fixed terminal.
Contact SW _3d . When this contacts, a battery check circuit consisting of comparator A ₅ , resistors R ₂₅ , R ₂₆ , light emitting element P ₂ , and resistor R ₂₄ is connected to both ends of power supply E independently of other circuits. and,
If the power supply voltage is equal to or higher than the reference voltage, the light emitting element _P2 is turned on, and if it is equal to or lower than the reference voltage, the light emitting element P2 is turned off. Therefore, it is displayed whether or not the battery can be used.

The electric shutter of the present invention operates in this manner.

By the way, in the above electric circuit, in order to prevent the charge in the capacitor _C5 from escaping when the transistor _Q3 is turned on, the FET
Using type transistor Q ₁₀ , transistor Q ₃
When turned on, this is turned off, as shown in Figure ₁₀ .
and a resistor R ₀ may be connected in series instead of the transistor Q ₁₀ . In this way, when performing a battery check, a capacitor is connected to the voltage of power supply E.
The charging pressure of C ₅ will not be added,
You can check the battery voltage accurately.

As described above, according to the present invention, even if the time when the shutter operation ends and the time when the winding is released are exactly the same,
It is possible to obtain a camera operating state determination device that prevents the winding from being stopped immediately after the start of winding.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a shutter mechanism of an electric shutter showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of the shutter mechanism of an electric shutter of the present invention.
3 is a perspective view of the main parts of the shutter mechanism shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 above, FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing only the switch opening/closing member taken out from the shutter mechanism shown in FIGS. The figures are a front view showing the operating mode of the shutter mechanism shown in Fig. 1 above, and Nos. 6 and 7.
The figures are a plan view showing the operating mode of the shutter mechanism shown in Fig. 2 above, and Fig. 8 is a circuit diagram showing an example of the electric circuit of the electric shutter of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a plan view showing the configuration of switch SW ₃ in the above electric circuit, FIG. 10 is an electric circuit diagram showing another example of the discharge prevention circuit for capacitor C ₅ , and FIG. They are an electrical characteristic diagram of a constant circuit and an opening/closing operation characteristic diagram of the shutter. 2...Hoisting member, 5...Shutter drive member, 5
b... Winding stop release part, 42... Winding stopping member, SW ₂
...Switch for determining operating status, MG ₁ , 10...
Release means, MG ₂ , 24, 40...electromagnetic mechanism,
C ₁ , P ₁ , A ₃ ... control circuit, Q ₂ , Q ₃ ... control switch.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A winding member that rotates approximately once as the film winds up and has a notch on its outer circumferential surface, and a release member that is rotatably held on the same axis as the winding member A shutter drive member that rotates approximately one turn in the same direction as the rotational direction of the hoisting member during operation and that opens and closes the shutter by this rotation locks the shutter drive member, and this locking is performed by pressing the shutter button. a release means for releasing the shutter; an electromagnetic mechanism for locking the shutter drive member in the middle of its rotation; a control circuit for operating the electromagnetic mechanism according to the brightness of the subject; The winding release part having a protruding circumferential surface and the winding release part having a protruding peripheral surface are used by the surrounding surface of the winding release part during the initial stage of winding from the time when the shutter drive member completes approximately one revolution to complete the shutter operation, and during the subsequent winding. a winding stop member that rotates in one direction by being pressed by the circumferential surface of the winding member during the interval, and rotates in the other direction by fitting into the notch of the winding member when winding is completed; A switch for determining the operating state that becomes activated when the member rotates in one direction and becomes inactive when the member rotates in the other direction, and a switch that determines the inoperable state of the switch when the release button is pressed. a control switch for setting the control circuit in an operating state in response to the operating state of the judgment switch, and disabling the control circuit in response to the operating state of the judgment switch. Device.