JPS6411274B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention is a powder in which granular raw materials such as grains, foods, cosmetics, etc. are subjected to pressure heat treatment using a heating medium such as superheated steam or high-temperature air, and these granular materials are subjected to heat sterilization, heat denaturation, etc. The present invention relates to a heat treatment device for granular materials. The present applicant has developed a ``Puffed Food Manufacturing Apparatus'' (Special Publication No. 45-1973), which heat-processes raw materials while fluidizing them.
26695), or ``Method and Apparatus for Manufacturing Puffed Foods Using Air Stream Heating System'' (Japanese Patent Publication No. 34747, 1983), in which raw materials are heat-treated by being placed in an air stream. However, since all of the above devices are single-stage,
If the outlet temperature of the heating medium, that is, the temperature of the heating medium immediately after separation into the heating medium and the raw material, is set above a certain temperature, the temperature will change depending on the mixing ratio (=raw material weight/heating medium weight) or the specific heat of the raw material. However, when the weight of the raw materials is large and the mixing ratio is large, or when the specific heat of the raw materials is large, a large amount of raw materials must be heated from a cold state, so the temperature of the heating medium must be raised. Generally, the inlet temperature of the heating medium, that is, the temperature of the heating medium immediately before it comes into contact with the raw material, must be set high. As an example, when wheat is processed using the air current heating method, if the steam pressure is 6.5 atg, the heating medium outlet temperature is set to 220°C, and the mixing ratio is set to 1.0, the heating medium inlet has the highest temperature in the main heating system. The temperature must also be set at 330°C or higher. In such a case, it is not convenient to treat raw materials that are sensitive to thermal denaturation, and if the temperature of the heating medium is too high, the moisture content of the raw material will evaporate and decrease, resulting in a decrease in the swelling degree of the product (=product volume/ The volume of the raw material also decreases, which is inconvenient. For example, when wheat is heat-treated and used as a raw material for soy sauce, the higher the swelling degree is, the higher the nitrogen utilization rate is, and a preferable result can be obtained. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of the heat resistance of the structural members, especially the sealing material, it is preferable that the heating medium be at a low temperature. Additionally, the present applicant has proposed, as an improved method of the above-mentioned invention, a method for puffing shellfish (Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-42814), in which raw materials are sequentially heat-treated with superheated steam and then with saturated steam.
I applied for and obtained a patent. However, the products treated by the above method have a drawback in that they retain a large amount of moisture. Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned current situation, the inventor of the present invention, as a result of intensive research, developed a multi-stage heating system by using the above-mentioned devices (Japanese Patent Publication No. 45-26695 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 46-34747) individually or in appropriate combinations. If the raw material is heat-treated by setting the temperature of the heating medium used in the final stage of the apparatus to the maximum and successively lowering the temperature of the heating medium used in the previous stage apparatus, the temperature at the outlet of the final stage apparatus is This book has been developed based on the knowledge that even if the temperature of the heating medium is set to the same level as in the conventional method, the maximum temperature of the heating medium in the heating system of the present application can be set lower than in the case of the conventional method. It is an invention. That is, the present invention involves subjecting powdered or granular materials to pressure and heat treatment with a heating medium under pressure, then pressure and heat treatment at least once with a higher temperature heating medium, and then releasing the material under low pressure. Features. The present invention particularly focuses on defatted soybeans, which are prone to protein hyperdenaturation, and brown rice, which is likely to have vitamins destroyed.
It is also suitable for processing raw materials sensitive to thermal denaturation such as vegetables, and for processing raw materials that require a particularly high degree of swelling, such as shells such as wheat and corn. The present invention will be explained in detail below. The granular material raw materials used in the present invention are not particularly limited, and include soybeans, defatted soybeans, soybean meal, wheat, barley, rice, brown rice, shellfish such as corn, and granulated products thereof, fishmeal, and vegetables. Food raw materials such as bread crumbs, starch, koshiyo, black pepper, curry powder, medicines or pharmaceutical raw materials and their fillers, as well as feed and cosmetic raw materials. Each of the above-mentioned raw materials added with water by means is used. As the heating medium that can be used to heat-treat the raw material, high-temperature air, high-temperature gas, etc. can be considered, but superheated steam is particularly preferred from the viewpoint of preventing oxidation of the raw material or convenience of handling. As for the heat treatment conditions, if the purpose is to sterilize the raw materials, relatively low pressure is preferable;
In the case of superheated steam treatment, the pressure is 4atg or less and the temperature is 260℃.
Heat treatment is carried out at a temperature of 3 seconds to 5 minutes at a temperature of 240 degrees centigrade or less, preferably a pressure of 0.5 to 3.5 atg, and a temperature of 240 degrees centigrade or less for 5 seconds to 1 minute. On the other hand, when the purpose is to modify raw materials, shellfish are often used as raw materials.
In the case of superheated steam, the pressure is 2 to 10atg and the temperature is 310℃.
for 3 seconds to 5 minutes, preferably at a pressure of 4 to 5 minutes.
8atg and heat treatment at a temperature of 290°C or less for 5 seconds to 1 minute. The heating means used in the present invention is an air-flow heating means or a fluid-flow heating means, and the air-flow heating means passes a high-temperature, high-pressure heating medium, such as superheated steam, through a heating pipe, and feeds raw materials into the pipe. This is a heat treatment device that heats the material by retaining it for a short time while transporting airflow, then collects it with a cyclone or the like and releases it under low pressure. On the other hand, fluidized heating means supplies raw materials to form an even layer on a perforated plate with many holes in a closed container, and a heating medium such as superheated steam, high-temperature air, etc. is passed through the layer from below. This is a heat treatment method in which the material is fluidized, retained for a certain period of time, and then released under low pressure. Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below based on the accompanying drawings. First of all, as shown in Figure 1, raw materials are initially heated using airflow heating means.
Next, a schematic diagram of a heat treatment apparatus for treatment with fluid heating means is shown. 1 in the figure is an airflow heating device, which includes an input valve 2 that supplies raw materials into the device 1, a heating pipe 3 through which superheated steam as a heating medium is vented, and a cyclone 4 that separates superheated steam and raw materials. The upstream part 3a of the heating pipe 3 is the gas outlet 2a of the injection valve 2, and the downstream part 3b is the cyclone 4.
The gas inlets 4a are in communication with each other. As the input valve 2, it is preferable to use the "Powder conveyance and supply device" (Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-9917, hereinafter referred to as an air flow valve) by the present applicant, or the "forced discharge valve" by the present applicant. ``transfer device with a device''
(Special Publication No. 48-8927, hereinafter referred to as forced discharge valve) can also be used, and furthermore, a normal rotary valve can also be used. In FIG. 1, a pneumatic valve is used as the input valve 2. If a forced discharge type valve is used as the input valve 2, the valve may be installed in the heating pipe 3 in an inverted T-shape as shown in FIG. Further, in the figure, 5 is a raw material hopper for holding the raw material, and 6 is a fluidized heating device, which includes an intermediate valve 7 for guiding the raw material separated by the cyclone 4 to the device 6, and an intermediate valve 7 for guiding the raw material separated by the cyclone 4 to the device 6; It is composed of a heating can 8 that heats the raw material while flowing it, and a discharge valve 9 that discharges the heat-treated raw material to a low pressure section. The heating can 8 has a raw material inlet 10 and a superheated steam outlet 11 at the upper part, and a raw material outlet 12 and a superheated steam inlet 13 at the lower part, the intermediate valve 7 is connected to the raw material input port 10, and the discharge valve 9 is connected to the raw material outlet. 12
are installed respectively. It should be noted that these valves 7 and 9 are preferably the forced discharge type valves described above. Also, inside the heating can 8, as shown in FIG. 3, there are many ventilation holes 14..., and a perforated plate 15 on which raw materials are stacked is installed horizontally, and a part of the perforated plate 15 has a droplet. 20 is provided facing the raw material discharge port 12. On the other hand, 16 is a raw material transfer device that transfers the input raw material on a perforated plate 15, and includes a shaft 17 provided perpendicularly to the center of the heating can 8 and a flat plate-shaped vertical wall provided radially around the shaft 17. 18, and this 16 is configured to be rotatable around a shaft 17. Further, reference numeral 19 denotes an inner wall provided on the inner periphery of the heating can 8, which is a device for effectively keeping the raw material warm, and the lower part of this is fixed and integrated with the circumferential part of the perforated plate 15. . The outer circumferential surface 18a and lower end surface 18b of the vertical wall 18 are constructed so as to be in approximately sliding contact with the inner wall 19 and the perforated plate 15, respectively. 21 is a power transmission device such as a pulley or a gear that is connected to a motor (not shown) to drive the raw material transfer device 16, and 22 is a chute that guides the raw material to the raw material discharge port 12. Further, 23 is a blower for circulating superheated steam within the system, and 24 is a superheater for reheating the steam whose temperature has decreased. Furthermore, 25 is a superheated steam replenishment pipe, which replenishes the steam released from the discharge valve 12 when the raw material is discharged outside the system, and is connected to a boiler (not shown), and is heated to a predetermined temperature in the superheater 24. Heated superheated steam is introduced into the system. Next, the connection between the devices described above will be explained. The superheated steam outlet 11 of the heating can 8 is connected to the circulation pipe 2
6 and the upstream portion 3a of the heating pipe 3 through the input valve 2, and the raw material outlet 4b of the cyclone 4 is connected to the raw material input port 10 through the intermediate valve 7. On the other hand, the gas outlet 4c of the cyclone 4 is connected to the suction port of the blower 23 via the circulation pipe 27 and to the blower 2
The discharge port 3 is connected to the steam inlet 1 via the circulation pipe 28.
3, and the circulation pipe 28 is configured to pass through the heater 24 and heat the superheated steam flowing through the pipe 28. The operation of this heat treatment apparatus will be described below. First, the saturated steam generated in the boiler is transferred to the superheater 2.
4 to become superheated steam, which is introduced into the system through the superheated steam replenishment pipe 25. This superheated steam is transferred to the circulation pipe 2 by the action of the blower 23.
8, heating can 8, circulation pipe 26, input valve 2,
heating pipe 3, cyclone 4, circulation pipe 27,
It circulates through the system in the order of the blower 23. On the other hand, the raw material in the raw material hopper 5 is first introduced into the heating pipe 3 via the input valve 2 and is heated there. The superheated steam used in this heating pipe 3 has been used once in a heating can 8, which will be described later, and therefore has a lower temperature than when it was used in the heating can 8. The raw material subjected to the first stage heat treatment in the airflow heating device 1 is introduced into a cyclone 4, where it is separated from superheated steam, and then passed through an intermediate valve 7 and charged into a heating can 8. The input raw material is fluidized by superheated steam vented through the perforated plate 15 and is heated and then sequentially transferred to the raw material discharge port 12 by the action of the raw material transfer device 16 . Since the superheated steam used in the fluidized heating device 6 is immediately heated in the superheater 24,
The temperature is higher than that of the superheated steam in the airflow heating device 1. In the fluidized heating device 6, the raw material subjected to the second stage heat treatment is discharged through the discharge valve 9 to a lower pressure, for example, atmospheric pressure, and is recovered as a product. In this embodiment, superheated steam at a lower temperature is used in the treatment by the airflow heating device 1 than in the treatment in the fluidized heating device 6, but depending on the raw material to be treated in the heating pipe 3, this heated steam may be saturated. There is no problem even if it turns into water vapor. Next, FIG. 4 shows another embodiment. In this embodiment, contrary to the first embodiment, the fluid heating device 6 is placed in the first stage and the air current heating device 1 is placed in the second stage, and the raw material is heat-treated. Therefore, a forced discharge type input valve 30 is installed at the raw material input port 10 of the heating can 8, an airflow type intermediate valve 31 is installed at the raw material discharge port 12, and a gas outlet 4c of the cyclone 4 and a steam inlet of the heating can 8 are installed. 13 are connected to communicate with the steam outlet 11 of the heating can 8 and the suction port of the blower 23, respectively. On the other hand, the circulation pipe 33 and the intermediate valve 31 connect the outlet of the blower 23 and the upstream part 3a of the heating pipe 3
The circulation pipe 33 is connected to the superheater 2 through the
4 and is flowing through the pipe 33. The superheated steam immediately after heating is then supplied to the second stage airflow type heating device 1. Next, the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is an example in which airflow heating devices are arranged in both the first stage and the second stage, and the input valve 40 in the first stage airflow heating device 1a and the second stage airflow heating device 1b An airflow type valve is used as the input valve 41 in , and a forced discharge type valve is used as the discharge valve 42 of the second stage heating device 1b. The gas outlet 44b of the cyclone 44 and the heating pipe 3 in the second stage airflow heating device 1b
communicates with the upstream portion 3a of the
Further, the gas outlet 43b of the cyclone 43 and the suction port of the blower 23 in the first stage airflow heating device 1a are communicated with the discharge port of the blower 23 and the upstream portion 3e of the heating pipe 3d through the intermediate valve 41, respectively.
The device of this embodiment is constructed. Next, the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is an example in which airflow heating devices are arranged in three stages, and the following embodiments can be implemented in any number of stages with the same configuration. In this embodiment, the superheated steam immediately after being heated by the heater 24 is first guided to the final stage airflow heating device 1c, and then the superheated steam is repeatedly used by sequentially sending air to the previous stages, and the first stage airflow type heating device 1
It is configured to use the lowest superheated steam in a. In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, in which the airflow heating device is arranged in a stage other than the final stage, depending on the type of raw material, as in the embodiment shown in FIG. The steam may be changed into saturated steam, and even if it is introduced into the heating pipe in the saturated steam state, heat treatment is possible. Next, Figures 7 and 8 show two flow-type heating devices, respectively.
In these embodiments, forced discharge type valves are used as all valves. In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, an airflow type heating device or a fluid type heating device may be selected and used as appropriate for the third stage or higher stages. Next, FIGS. 9 to 15 show embodiments of other flow type heating devices. First, in the apparatus shown in FIG. 9, the vertical wall 18 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is fixed, and a gap 91 is provided between the lower end of the wall 18 and the upper surface of the perforated plate 15. In this case, the upper and lower sides of the vertical walls 18 provided radially are open, and the input section 92 communicates with the raw material input port 10 above the vertical wall 18 and the raw material discharge port 12 below the vertical wall 18. It is separated from the discharge section 93 by a partition wall 94. The raw material inputted into the heating can 8 from the raw material input port 10 and entered into the input part 92 is transferred to the superheated steam inlet 13.
The superheated steam is introduced from the perforated plate 15, the gap 91, and the space between the vertical walls 95, and is heated by the steam discharged from the superheated steam outlet 11 while flowing between the vertical walls 95. The raw material then descends under its own weight, passes through the gap 91, and is sequentially guided to the raw material outlet 12.
It is discharged outside the heating can 8. On the other hand, the apparatus shown in FIG. 12 is the same as the apparatus shown in FIG. 9, except that the perforated plate 15 is movable and the raw material outlet 12 is provided on the side of the heating can 8. In the figure, 121 is a motor for rotating the perforated plate 15. The device shown in FIG. 14 is provided radially below the shaft 17 in the device shown in FIG.
A rotary blade 141 that rotates inside the rotary blade 1 is installed. In this device, the raw material is forcibly guided to the raw material discharge port 12 by rotary blades 141 . Furthermore, the apparatus shown in FIG.
The perforated plate 151 is fixed to the heating can 158 through
is vibrated by a motor 152 or the like, and the raw material inputted from the raw material input port 153 is heat-treated while being transferred to the raw material discharge port 154 by vibration and being fluidized by a heating medium. Note that the heating medium is introduced from the heating medium inlet 155 and discharged to the outside from the heating medium outlet 156. In this embodiment, the raw material is transferred to the raw material outlet 154 even if the perforated plate 151 is horizontal, but if it is installed at an angle so that the raw material outlet 154 is lower as shown in FIG. Transfer of raw materials is carried out effectively. Here, we will examine how effective the heat treatment method according to the present invention is in terms of product digestibility, degree of gelatinization, residual vitamins, etc., and how effective it is when used in the production of soy sauce. (Tokuko Showa 46-
34747) and fluidized heat treatment method (Special Publication No. 1974-
An experimental example is shown below in comparison with No. 26695). Experimental Example 1 First, Table 1 shows the experimental results when wheat was heat-treated. From the results in Table 1, the conventional method requires superheated steam at a considerably higher temperature than the present invention, and due to excessive heating, the raw material is overdenatured and becomes difficult to be decomposed by the koji mold enzyme, resulting in a lower digestibility. The degree of gelatinization or nitrogen dissolution utilization rate is lower than those of the present invention, and the degree of swelling is also lower. In contrast, the wheat processed by the method of the present invention does not have excessive denaturation of protein, does not leave any undenatured protein, and has excellent digestibility, degree of gelatinization, nitrogen dissolution utilization rate, etc. by moderate heating. It is.

[Table] The digestibility shown in Table 1 is measured by the following procedure. That is, denatured wheat after heat treatment is dried under reduced pressure at low temperature and then ground, 1 g of this powder is placed in a shaking test tube, and 10 ml of 0.5 molar phosphate buffer (PH7.2), 20 ml of enzyme solution, and 1 ml of triol are added. Attach and seal. The test tube was kept at 37°C for 7 days with gentle shaking to allow enzymatic degradation. Next, distilled water is added to the separated liquid to bring the total volume to 100 ml, and the liquid phase is separated into a liquid phase and a solid phase by centrifugation. Add 15 ml of 1.2 mol trichloroacetic acid to 30 ml of the liquid phase, filter off the precipitate (undegraded protein), take 5 ml of the filtrate, and measure the nitrogen content by the Kjeldahl method. A blind test is conducted in the same manner without adding the powder sample, and the value obtained by subtracting the latter value from the former value is defined as A. On the other hand, the nitrogen content in 1 g of the powder sample is measured by the Kjeldahl method, the value is designated as B, and the digestibility is calculated using the following formula. Digestibility (%) = A x 30 / B x 100 The degree of gelatinization is measured as follows. That is, put the prepared sample into two 150ml Erlenmeyer flasks.
Collect 500 mg each, add 40 ml of water to each, and stir well. Then, use one as a measurement area and add the measurement buffer, completely gelatinize the other, add 5ml of 2N NaOH, and then add 16ml of 1M acetic acid. Next, add 5 ml of enzyme to both test solutions in a constant temperature bath and let them react.After 60 minutes, add 2N NaOH ml to stop the reaction. Thereafter, the reaction product was washed into a 100 ml volumetric flask to make a constant volume, and filtered through a filter paper. The amount of sugar produced in 8 ml of the filtrate is determined by the modified SOMOGYI method. The results are expressed in percentages according to the following formula: Degree of gelatinization (%) = Sugar amount in measurement area / Sugar amount in complete gelatinization area x
100 Further, the nitrogen dissolution utilization rate refers to the ratio of the total amount of nitrogen dissolved in the aged moromi liquid to the total nitrogen contained in the proteins, etc. contained in the soybean and wheat raw materials for brewing soybean oil. Experimental Example 2 Next, when brown rice (whole grains) was heat-treated, Table 2 shows the results regarding the residual rate of vitamins contained in the raw material.

[Table] As described in Experimental Example 1, in the present invention,
Since the raw materials can be treated with superheated steam at a lower temperature than the conventional method, the vitamins contained in the raw materials are difficult to destroy, as is clear from Table 2, and their residual rate is high in the product, resulting in a highly nutritious product. be able to. The present invention also provides better results than conventional methods regarding the degree of gelatinization and the degree of swelling. As described above, in the present invention, the raw material is sequentially heat-treated in multiple steps, so that the maximum temperature of the heating medium can be lowered. Therefore, the present invention is effective for heat treatment of raw materials that are sensitive to thermal denaturation, and can prevent oxidation of fine particles and uniform heating, and can also prevent water contained in the raw materials from scattering. For example, defatted soybeans or wheat, which are used as raw materials for soy sauce, have advantages such as improved nitrogen utilization. In addition, the heat resistance burden on the equipment used is reduced, the lifespan of the gaskets of the input and discharge valves can be increased, and the heat loss of the entire device can be reduced. Alternatively, depending on the processing conditions of the raw material, the heat load can be compensated only by the compression heat of the blower, and advantages such as higher efficiency can be obtained when the temperature of the heating medium is lower. Examples of the present invention will be quantitatively discussed below. Note that Examples 1 to 6 below show examples regarding heat denaturation. Example 1 200Kg/h of wheat (moisture 11.2% w/w, whole grain)
After being heat-treated by being charged into an air-flow heating device through which 6.5 atg of superheated steam is passed through at a rate of 6.5 atg, it is then supplied to a fluid-flow heating device and further heat-treated. The raw material is then released into the atmosphere with a digestibility of 95.8% and a degree of gelatinization of 78.
%, the degree of swelling was 2.7 times, and the moisture content was 7.1%. The temperatures at the inlet and outlet of the superheated steam in each of the above heating devices are 200°C and 200°C, respectively, in the airflow heating device.
170℃, respectively 260℃ and 200℃ using a fluidized heating device.
It was warm at ℃. The circulation amount of superheated steam is 4750Kg/h,
The replenishment amount is 450Kg/h, and the heat treatment time is 18
It was hot in seconds. Example 2 Corn (moisture 10.5% w/w, whole grain)
After being heated and heated in an air flow heating device through which 7.0 atg of superheated steam is aerated at a rate of 1500 kg/h, the material is supplied to a flow heating device for further heat treatment. Next, the raw material is released into the atmosphere, and the degree of gelatinization is 81%.
A product with a swelling degree of 5.6 times and a moisture content of 5.8% was obtained. The temperature at the inlet and outlet of the superheated steam in each of the above heating devices is 220°C for the airflow heating device.
℃, 175℃, respectively 280℃ and 175℃ using a fluidized heating device.
It was 220℃. Also, the circulation amount of superheated steam is 5100
Kg/h, the replenishment amount was 480 Kg/h, and the heat treatment time was 20 seconds. Example 3 Unlike Examples 1 and 2, this example shows the results when raw materials were treated using an apparatus in which three stages of airflow heating apparatuses were installed. First, defatted soybeans (moisture 11.5% w/w, particle size 16~
24 mesh) Superheated steam of 6.5 atg at a rate of 3300 kg/h was introduced into the first airflow heating device which was ventilated. The following is heated in the second and third airflow heating devices in order, and then released into the atmosphere with a digestibility of 95.2.
% and a moisture content of 7.8%. The temperatures at the inlet and outlet of the superheated steam in each of the above heating devices are the same as those in the first airflow heating device, respectively.
190℃, 168℃, 210℃ with the second airflow heating device, respectively.
190℃, 220℃ and 210℃ respectively with the third airflow heating device
It was hot. Also, the circulation amount of superheated steam is 7800Kg/h,
The replenishment amount is 450Kg/h, and the heat treatment time is approximately 8
It was hot in seconds. Example 4 Cracked soybeans (moisture 12.7% w/w, particle size 8 to 16 mesh) were heated at a rate of 3000 kg/h into the first fluidized heating device in which 9 atg of superheated steam was vented. , and was further heat-treated by being supplied to a second fluidized heating device. The raw material was then released into the atmosphere to obtain a product with a digestibility of 94.6% and a moisture content of 7.5%. The temperatures at the inlet and outlet of the superheated steam in each of the above heating devices are the same as those in the first fluid heating device.
220℃ and 182℃, respectively, using the second fluidized heating device.
The temperature was 260℃ and 220℃. Also, the amount of circulating superheated steam is
The amount of replenishment was 8500Kg/h, the replenishment amount was 620Kg/h, and the processing time was 20 seconds. Example 5 1590 kg/h of hydrated defatted soybeans (moisture; 25.3% w/w, particle size: 16-24 mesh) and crushed wheat (moisture; 11.2% w/w, particle size: 16-24 mesh)
are mixed and supplied at a rate of 1420 Kg/h, charged into a first air-flow heating device through which 6.5 atg of superheated steam is vented, and subjected to heat treatment, and then supplied to a second air-flow heating device for further heat treatment. The raw materials were then released into the atmosphere to obtain a product with an average moisture content of 17.5%. Water was added to this product at a rate of 1845/h, and after cooling, koji was made and prepared using conventional means to obtain soy sauce moromi with good flavor. The temperatures at the inlet and outlet of the superheated steam in the first airflow heating device are 186°C and 175°C, respectively.
The temperatures were 197°C and 186°C, respectively, in the second airflow heating device. The circulating amount of superheated steam is 4800 kg/h, the amount of steam replenishment is 520 kg/h, and the heat treatment time is 8
It was hot in seconds. Example 6 Brown rice (moisture 13.0% w/w, whole grain, vitamin 0.42
mg/100g) was heated at a rate of 3000 kg/h into an air flow heating device through which 6 atg of superheated steam was vented, and then supplied to a flow heating device for further heat treatment. Next, the raw material is released into the atmosphere and α
degree of expansion 92%, degree of swelling 7.5 times, moisture 3.5%, vitamins
A product of 0.35mg/100g was obtained. The temperatures at the inlet and outlet of the superheated steam in each of the heating devices are 210°C and 167°C, respectively, for the airflow type heating device, and 250°C, respectively, for the fluid type heating device.
The circulating amount of superheated steam at 210℃ is 440Kg/
h. The amount of steam replenishment was 380 kg/h, and the heat treatment time in this example was 8 seconds. Examples regarding the bactericidal effect will be shown in Examples 7 to 9 below. Example 7 Bran (moisture 10.8% w/w, particle size 28 mesh or less) was heated at a rate of 200 kg/h into the first airflow heating device through which 3 atg of superheated steam was vented, and then heated. It is supplied to an airflow heating device for further heat treatment. The raw material was then released into the atmosphere to obtain a product with a moisture content of 3.5%. and 3.1× ¹⁰⁶ in the raw material
The number of general viable bacteria per gram decreased to 0. The temperature at the inlet and outlet of the heated steam in each of the above heating devices is the same as that in the first airflow heating device, respectively.
200℃ and 148℃, respectively, using the second airflow heating device.
It was 232℃ and 200℃. Also, the amount of circulating superheated steam is
The replenishment rate was 410Kg/h, the replenishment rate was 120Kg/h, and the heat treatment time was 6 seconds. Example 8 Pulverized bonito flakes (moisture 14.8% w/w, particle size 8 to 12 mesh) were heated at a rate of 900 kg/h into the first fluidized heating device through which 2 atg of superheated steam was aerated. Thereafter, it was supplied to a second fluidized heating device for further heat treatment. The raw material was then released into the atmosphere to obtain a product with a moisture content of 9.7%. The number of general viable bacteria in the raw material, which was 2.8×10 ⁴ cells/g, decreased to 0. The temperatures at the inlet and outlet of the superheated steam in each of the above heating devices are the same as those in the first fluid heating device.
175℃ and 135℃, respectively, using the second fluidized heating device.
The temperatures were 240℃ and 175℃. Also, the amount of circulating superheated steam is
The replenishment rate was 1200Kg/h, the replenishment rate was 240Kg/h, and the heat treatment time was 25 seconds. Example 9 Black Petzpur (moisture 12.8% w/w, whole grain)
The material was heat-treated by being put into a fluidized heating device through which superheated steam of 1.5 atg at a rate of 820 kg/h was aerated, and then supplied to an airflow heating device for further heat treatment. The raw material was then released into the atmosphere to obtain a product with a moisture content of 7.1%. The number of general viable bacteria in the raw material, which was 1.7×10 ⁷ cells/g, decreased to 0. The temperatures at the inlet and outlet of the superheated steam in each of the above heating devices are 182
℃, 130℃, and 210℃ and 130℃ respectively with airflow heating device.
It was 182℃. Also, the circulating amount of superheated steam is 980Kg/
h, the replenishment amount is 180Kg/h, and the heat treatment time is
It was hot in 20 seconds.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a heat treatment apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an embodiment diagram using a forced discharge valve as an input valve, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 1. 4 to 8 are schematic diagrams of a heat treatment apparatus showing other embodiments of the present invention, FIG. 9 is a diagram of another embodiment of a fluidized heating apparatus, and FIG. 10 is a diagram 9B-B
11 is a developed view along the line C-C in FIG.
The figures are Figure 12 D-D line development diagram, Figure 14 and Figure 1.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the fluidized heating device. In the drawings, 1 is an air flow heating device, 3 is a heating pipe, 4 is a cyclone, 6 is a fluid heating device, 8 is a heating can, 16 is a raw material transfer device, 23 is a blower, 2
4 is a superheater.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A heating pipe through which superheated steam is vented, an input valve connected to the upstream part of the heating pipe, and connected to the input valve for supplying raw materials in an airtight manner, and connected to the downstream part of the heating pipe, In addition, it has an airflow heating device consisting of a collection device that separates superheated steam and raw materials, a raw material inlet and an outlet, a superheated steam inlet and an outlet, and has a perforated plate inside, and a perforated plate on the perforated plate. It is composed of a heating can that pressurizes and heats the raw material while forming a fluidized bed of the raw material, and a fluidized heating device consisting of a discharge valve provided at the raw material outlet of the heating can, and the heating can and the heating pipe upstream side. 1. A heat treatment apparatus for a particulate material, characterized in that the collection device and the heating can are communicated through an intermediate valve. 2. A heating can that has a raw material inlet and an outlet, a superheated steam inlet and an outlet, and is equipped with a perforated plate inside, and pressurizes and heats the raw material while forming a fluidized bed of the raw material with the perforated plate, and the heating can a fluid heating device consisting of a discharge valve provided at the raw material discharge port, and a heating pipe through which superheated steam is vented;
an intermediate valve connected to the upstream part of the heating pipe; a collection device connected to the downstream part of the heating pipe to separate superheated steam and raw materials; and a discharge valve installed in the collection device. 1. An apparatus for heat treatment of particulate materials, characterized in that the collection device and the heating can are connected to each other, and the heating can and the upstream side of the heating pipe are connected to each other via the intermediate valve.