JPS6367518B2 - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- JPS6367518B2 JPS6367518B2 JP57182789A JP18278982A JPS6367518B2 JP S6367518 B2 JPS6367518 B2 JP S6367518B2 JP 57182789 A JP57182789 A JP 57182789A JP 18278982 A JP18278982 A JP 18278982A JP S6367518 B2 JPS6367518 B2 JP S6367518B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- coal
- low
- lignite
- oxidation treatment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003476 subbituminous coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002802 bituminous coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004484 Briquette Substances 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Description
本発明は低品位炭の安定化方法に関し、詳しく
は泥炭、褐炭、亜瀝青炭などの低品位炭の含水率
を低減させると共に活性を低下させて自然発火の
防止を図る低品位炭の安定化方法に関する。
褐炭などの低品位炭は含水率が高いため、その
輸送が不経済であるばかりでなく、活性が強いた
め輸送中や貯蔵中などに自然発火を起こし易い等
の理由で、その利用範囲は山元近傍に限られてい
る。
このような事情に鑑み、これら低品位炭の脱水
および自然発火の防止に関する研究が行なわれ、
種々の提案がなされている。たとえば、脱水法と
しては蒸発法、機械的脱水法などが知られて
おり、また自然発火防止法としては空気遮断法
（水中貯炭、石炭表面コーテイング、貯炭表面被
覆、圧縮貯炭、不活性ガスシールなど）、冷却
法、微粉炭の除去、ブリケツト化などの対策
が行なわれている。
しかしながら、これらの方法は十分な効果が得
られなかつたり、操作が煩雑であつたりして必ず
しも満足すべき方法ではなかつた。
本発明の目的は、比較的簡便な操作によつて低
品位炭の脱水と自然発火防止とを同時に行なう低
品位炭の安定化方法を提供することである。
本発明は低品位炭を実質的に含水率０重量％と
なるまで不活性雰囲気中で100〜350℃の温度で加
熱処理し、次いで100〜200℃の温度および酸素濃
度１〜10容量％の酸素と窒素の混合ガスを用いて
30分〜５時間酸化処理することを特徴とする脱水
と自然発火防止とを同時に行なう低品位炭の安定
化方法である。
石炭の中では泥炭が最も自然発火しやすく、以
下褐炭、亜瀝青炭、瀝青炭の順であることが知ら
れている。また、泥炭、褐炭、亜瀝青炭、瀝青炭
などの低品位炭は含水率が高いため、輸送効率が
悪いものである。したがつて、本発明ではこれら
低品位炭を対象としてその安定化を図るものであ
る。
本発明を実施するにあたり、予め低品位炭を天
日乾燥などにより乾燥して含水率を15〜20重量％
まで低減させることが望ましい。
低品位炭の加熱処理は100〜350℃の温度で窒素
ガスなどの不活性ガス中で行ない、実質的に含水
率が０％となる迄行なう。処理時間は低品位炭の
種類、加熱温度などを考慮して決定するが、通常
は10分から３時間行なう。この加熱処理によつて
水蒸気や可燃性ガスが除かれ原炭に比し耐自然発
火性が改善されるが、加熱処理の温度が350℃を
越えると、炭酸ガス発生温度が低くなり、十分な
効果が得られない。
加熱処理後、所望により低品位炭の成形を行な
う。成形は加熱処理した低品位炭を加熱、圧縮す
るだけでよく、必要により湿潤タール、ピツチな
どをバインダーとして用いることができる。
次に行なう酸化処理は低品位炭の耐自然発火性
を改善することを目的としており、100〜200℃の
温度で行なうとすぐれた効果が得られる。100℃
未満では、目的が十分に達成できず、200℃を越
えると、石炭の酸化が過剰となり自然発火しやす
くなると共に、処理中の石炭が焼成するおそれが
ある。酸化処理は酸素濃度１〜10容量％、好まし
くは４〜10容量％の酸素と窒素の混合ガスを用い
て30分〜５時間、好ましくは２〜３時間行なう。
本発明の方法を適用した低品位炭は含水率が著
滅しており、しかも原炭や豪州ブリケツトと比較
してすぐれた耐自然発火性を有している。また、
燃料として用いた場合、発熱量が高く燃料用炭と
して好適な性状を有している。
次に、本発明の実施例を示す。
実施例 １〜５
気乾したヤルーン褐炭（粒径５mm以下に粉砕し
たもので含水率15重量％）２Kgを充填塔に仕込
み、予熱した窒素ガスを２／min.で充填塔に
流通させて褐炭を乾燥し（含水率０重量％）、引
き続き第１表に示す所定温度に到達後、３時間加
熱処理した。その後、室温まで降温させた褐炭を
取り出し密閉容器に保存した。この褐炭の含水率
は０重量％であつた。
なお、褐炭等の含水率はJIS M8811およびJIS
M8812に準拠し、試料を107℃で１時間加熱乾燥
した時のその減量の、試料に対する百分率（次式
で表わされる。）を含水率とした。
含水率（重量％）＝乾燥減量（ｇ）／試料重量（ｇ
）×100
加熱処理した上記褐炭200ｇを充填塔に仕込み、
酸素濃度を６容量％に調整した窒素と酸素との混
合ガスを予熱し、500ml／min.で充填塔に流通さ
せ、第１表に示す所定温度に到達後、３時間酸化
処理を行なつた。その後、室温まで下げ褐炭を取
り出して密閉容器に保存した。
上記褐炭を粉砕、分級して粒径0.15〜0.5mmの
区分と粒径0.15mm以下の区分に分け、前者につい
てCO2ガス発生温度を測定して耐自然発火性を評
価した。また、後者について元素分析値、工業分
析値および発熱量を測定した。結果を第１表およ
び第２表に示す。なお、１容量％CO2発生温度の
測定方法は次のように行なつた。50ｇの成形炭を
JIS Ｋ−2818に示される「石油製品の燃焼性硫黄
の分析」に用いられる吸収管（内径約50mmのガラ
ス容器）に充填する。ガス吹込み口より、純酸素
ガスを毎分30ml流しながら、オイルバス中で毎分
0.7℃の昇温速度で昇温し、出口ガスを15分間隔
でガスクロによりガスの組成分析を行なう。
オイルバス温度とCO2の容量％濃度をグラフに
プロツトし、CO2の濃度が１容量％を示す時のオ
イルバス温度を内挿で求め、これを１容量％CO2
発生温度と呼ぶ。なお、CO2の濃度が１容量％を
超えると、燃焼による発熱の為、容器内の成形炭
の温度がオイルバス温度よりも高くなりはじめる
為、この温度を耐自然発光性の指標とした。
比較例 １〜５
酸化処理を省いたこと以外は実施例１〜５と同
様に行なつた。結果を第１表および第２表に示
す。
The present invention relates to a method for stabilizing low-rank coal, and more specifically, a method for stabilizing low-rank coal that reduces the moisture content of low-rank coal such as peat, lignite, and sub-bituminous coal and reduces its activity to prevent spontaneous combustion. Regarding. Low-grade coal such as lignite has a high moisture content, which makes it uneconomical to transport.It is also highly active and tends to spontaneously ignite during transportation and storage. Limited to nearby areas. In view of these circumstances, research has been conducted on dehydration of these low-rank coals and prevention of spontaneous combustion.
Various proposals have been made. For example, evaporation methods and mechanical dehydration methods are known as dehydration methods, and air blocking methods (underwater coal storage, coal surface coating, coal storage surface coating, compressed coal storage, inert gas sealing, etc.) are known as methods to prevent spontaneous combustion. ), cooling methods, removal of pulverized coal, and briquetting. However, these methods are not always satisfactory because they do not provide sufficient effects or require complicated operations. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for stabilizing low-rank coal that simultaneously dehydrates the low-rank coal and prevents spontaneous combustion through relatively simple operations. In the present invention, low-rank coal is heat-treated in an inert atmosphere at a temperature of 100 to 350°C until the moisture content becomes substantially 0% by weight, and then at a temperature of 100 to 200°C and an oxygen concentration of 1 to 10% by volume. Using a mixed gas of oxygen and nitrogen
This is a method for stabilizing low-rank coal that simultaneously performs dehydration and prevention of spontaneous combustion, characterized by oxidation treatment for 30 minutes to 5 hours. It is known that among coals, peat is the most likely to spontaneously ignite, followed by lignite, subbituminous coal, and bituminous coal. In addition, low-grade coal such as peat, lignite, sub-bituminous coal, and bituminous coal has a high moisture content and therefore has poor transportation efficiency. Therefore, the present invention aims to stabilize these low-rank coals. In carrying out the present invention, low-grade coal is dried in advance by sun drying etc. to a moisture content of 15 to 20% by weight.
It is desirable to reduce it to The heat treatment of low-rank coal is carried out at a temperature of 100 to 350°C in an inert gas such as nitrogen gas until the water content becomes substantially 0%. The treatment time is determined by taking into consideration the type of low-rank coal, heating temperature, etc., but is usually 10 minutes to 3 hours. This heat treatment removes water vapor and combustible gases and improves spontaneous ignition resistance compared to raw coal, but if the heat treatment temperature exceeds 350°C, the temperature at which carbon dioxide gas is generated becomes low, and sufficient No effect is obtained. After the heat treatment, the low-rank coal is formed if desired. For shaping, it is sufficient to heat and compress heat-treated low-grade coal, and if necessary, wet tar, pitch, etc. can be used as a binder. The next oxidation treatment is aimed at improving the spontaneous ignition resistance of the low-rank coal, and excellent effects can be obtained if it is performed at a temperature of 100 to 200°C. 100℃
If the temperature is less than 200°C, the purpose cannot be fully achieved, and if the temperature exceeds 200°C, the oxidation of the coal becomes excessive, making it easy to spontaneously ignite, and the coal being treated may be burned. The oxidation treatment is carried out for 30 minutes to 5 hours, preferably for 2 to 3 hours using a mixed gas of oxygen and nitrogen having an oxygen concentration of 1 to 10% by volume, preferably 4 to 10% by volume. The low-rank coal to which the method of the present invention is applied has a significantly reduced moisture content and has superior spontaneous ignition resistance compared to raw coal and Australian briquettes. Also,
When used as fuel, it has a high calorific value and has properties suitable as fuel coal. Next, examples of the present invention will be shown. Examples 1 to 5 2 kg of air-dried Yarun lignite (pulverized to a particle size of 5 mm or less, moisture content 15% by weight) was charged into a packed tower, and preheated nitrogen gas was passed through the packed tower at a rate of 2/min to produce lignite. was dried (moisture content: 0% by weight), and then heat-treated for 3 hours after reaching the predetermined temperature shown in Table 1. Thereafter, the brown coal was cooled to room temperature and was taken out and stored in an airtight container. The moisture content of this lignite was 0% by weight. In addition, the moisture content of lignite, etc. is based on JIS M8811 and JIS
In accordance with M8812, the moisture content was defined as the percentage of weight loss (expressed by the following formula) relative to the sample when the sample was heated and dried at 107°C for 1 hour. Moisture content (wt%) = loss on drying (g) / sample weight (g
) x 100 200g of the above heat-treated lignite was charged into a packed tower,
A mixed gas of nitrogen and oxygen with an oxygen concentration adjusted to 6% by volume was preheated and passed through a packed column at 500 ml/min. After reaching the specified temperature shown in Table 1, oxidation treatment was performed for 3 hours. . Thereafter, the temperature was lowered to room temperature, and the lignite was taken out and stored in an airtight container. The lignite was pulverized and classified into particles with a particle size of 0.15 to 0.5 mm and particles with a particle size of 0.15 mm or less, and the spontaneous ignition resistance of the former was evaluated by measuring the CO 2 gas generation temperature. Furthermore, elemental analysis values, industrial analysis values, and calorific values were measured for the latter. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2. The 1 volume % CO 2 generation temperature was measured as follows. 50g of charcoal
Fill an absorption tube (glass container with an inner diameter of about 50 mm) used for "analysis of combustible sulfur in petroleum products" as specified in JIS K-2818. per minute in an oil bath while flowing 30ml of pure oxygen gas per minute from the gas inlet.
The temperature was raised at a rate of 0.7°C, and the composition of the gas at the outlet was analyzed by gas chromatography at 15 minute intervals. Plot the oil bath temperature and CO 2 volume % concentration on a graph, find the oil bath temperature when the CO 2 concentration shows 1 volume % by interpolation, and calculate this as 1 volume % CO 2
It is called the generation temperature. Note that when the concentration of CO 2 exceeds 1% by volume, the temperature of the briquette coal in the container begins to rise above the oil bath temperature due to heat generation due to combustion, so this temperature was used as an index of spontaneous luminescence resistance. Comparative Examples 1 to 5 The same procedures as Examples 1 to 5 were carried out except that the oxidation treatment was omitted. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
【表】【table】
【表】【table】
【表】
実施例 ６〜10
この例では酸化処理時間の及ぼす影響について
調べた。すなわち加熱処理温度を200℃、酸化処
理温度を150℃、酸素濃度を６容量％とし、酸化
処理時間を変化させたこと以外は実施例１と同様
に処理した。結果を第３表に示す。[Table] Examples 6 to 10 In this example, the influence of oxidation treatment time was investigated. That is, the same treatment as in Example 1 was performed except that the heat treatment temperature was 200°C, the oxidation treatment temperature was 150°C, the oxygen concentration was 6% by volume, and the oxidation treatment time was changed. The results are shown in Table 3.
【表】
実施例 11〜15
この例では酸化処理を行なう際の酸素濃度の及
ぼす影響について調べるため、加熱処理温度を
300℃、酸化処理温度を150℃とし、酸素濃度を変
化させたこと以外は実施例１と同様に処理した。
結果を第４表に示す。[Table] Examples 11 to 15 In this example, in order to investigate the influence of oxygen concentration during oxidation treatment, the heat treatment temperature was changed.
The treatment was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the oxidation treatment temperature was 300°C, the oxidation treatment temperature was 150°C, and the oxygen concentration was changed.
The results are shown in Table 4.
【表】
実施例 16〜20
この例では酸化処理温度の及ぼす影響について
調べた。すなわち加熱処理温度を300℃、酸素濃
度を６容量％とし、酸化処理温度を変化させたこ
と以外は実施例１と同様に処理した。結果を第５
表に示す。[Table] Examples 16 to 20 In this example, the influence of oxidation treatment temperature was investigated. That is, the treatment was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the heat treatment temperature was 300° C., the oxygen concentration was 6% by volume, and the oxidation treatment temperature was changed. 5th result
Shown in the table.
【表】
比較例 ６、７
原炭（ヤルーン褐炭）を50℃にて減圧乾燥した
もの（比較例６、含水率０重量％）および豪州ブ
リケツト（比較例７）であつて粒径0.15〜0.5mm
の区分についてCO2ガス発生温度を測定した。結
果を第６表に示す。なお、豪州ブリケツトは、豪
州に産するヤルーン炭を水分約15重量％まで乾燥
後、50mm角程度に圧縮成型した固形燃料である。
比較例 ８、９
加熱処理温度を400℃とし、酸化処理を行なわ
なかつたこと以外は実施例１と同様に処理したも
の（比較例８）および加熱処理温度を400℃、酸
化処理温度を150℃としたこと以外は実施例１と
同様に処理したもの（比較例９）についてCO2ガ
ス発生温度を測定した。結果を第６表に示す。[Table] Comparative Examples 6 and 7 Raw coal (Yarrun lignite) dried under reduced pressure at 50°C (Comparative Example 6, moisture content 0% by weight) and Australian briquettes (Comparative Example 7) with particle size of 0.15 to 0.5 mm
The CO 2 gas generation temperature was measured for the following categories. The results are shown in Table 6. Australian briquettes are a solid fuel made by drying Australian Yalloon coal to a moisture content of approximately 15% by weight, and then compressing it into approximately 50mm square pieces. Comparative Examples 8 and 9 Products treated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the heat treatment temperature was 400°C and no oxidation treatment (Comparative Example 8), and the heat treatment temperature was 400°C and the oxidation treatment temperature was 150°C. The CO 2 gas generation temperature was measured for the sample (Comparative Example 9) which was treated in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the following. The results are shown in Table 6.
Claims (1)
で不活性雰囲気中で100〜350℃の温度で加熱処理
し、次いで100〜200℃の温度および酸素濃度１〜
10容量％の酸素と窒素の混合ガスを用いて30分〜
５時間酸化処理することを特徴とする脱水と自然
発火防止とを同時に行なう低品位炭の安定化方
法。 ２ 低品位炭が褐炭である特許請求の範囲第１項
記載の方法。[Claims] 1. Low-rank coal is heat treated in an inert atmosphere at a temperature of 100 to 350°C until the water content becomes substantially 0% by weight, and then heated at a temperature of 100 to 200°C and an oxygen concentration of 1 to 350°C.
30 minutes using a mixed gas of 10% oxygen and nitrogen by volume
A method for stabilizing low-rank coal that simultaneously performs dehydration and prevention of spontaneous combustion, characterized by oxidation treatment for 5 hours. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the low-rank coal is lignite.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18278982A JPS5974189A (en) | 1982-10-20 | 1982-10-20 | Stabilization of coal |
| AU19907/83A AU552638B2 (en) | 1982-10-20 | 1983-10-05 | Process for modification of coal |
| CA000438554A CA1227639A (en) | 1982-10-20 | 1983-10-06 | Process for modification of coal |
| US06/747,652 US4645513A (en) | 1982-10-20 | 1985-06-21 | Process for modification of coal |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18278982A JPS5974189A (en) | 1982-10-20 | 1982-10-20 | Stabilization of coal |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5974189A JPS5974189A (en) | 1984-04-26 |
| JPS6367518B2 true JPS6367518B2 (en) | 1988-12-26 |
Family
ID=16124443
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18278982A Granted JPS5974189A (en) | 1982-10-20 | 1982-10-20 | Stabilization of coal |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5974189A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011111529A (en) * | 2009-11-26 | 2011-06-09 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Ignition-resistant coal and method for producing the same |
| WO2011074279A1 (en) * | 2009-12-18 | 2011-06-23 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Coal reforming equipment |
| WO2011118049A1 (en) * | 2010-03-24 | 2011-09-29 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Apparatus for producing upgraded coal |
| WO2013125476A1 (en) * | 2012-02-24 | 2013-08-29 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Modified coal production equipment |
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5670094A (en) * | 1979-11-09 | 1981-06-11 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Heat-treating method of coal |
-
1982
- 1982-10-20 JP JP18278982A patent/JPS5974189A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5670094A (en) * | 1979-11-09 | 1981-06-11 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Heat-treating method of coal |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5974189A (en) | 1984-04-26 |
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