JPS6362579B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a high magnetic flux density magnetic core material and a manufacturing method thereof, and more particularly to a high magnetic flux density magnetic core material made of a high magnetic flux density amorphous iron alloy with high magnetic permeability and low core loss, and a manufacturing method thereof. In general, alloys used as magnetic core materials are called high permeability alloys, emphasizing the fact that they have very high magnetic permeability, and are desired to have high magnetic permeability, low hysteresis loss, and low coercive force. Furthermore, since the magnetic core material is generally used under an alternating magnetic field, it is required to have low eddy current loss, and for this purpose, the higher the electrical resistance and the thinner the plate thickness, the better. Silicon steel is well known as one of the typical conventional magnetic core materials, and is used in large quantities as magnetic cores for power transformers. The silicon steel sheets currently in use have various composition standards determined depending on their use, with a thickness of approximately 0.3 to 0.5 mm and a maximum magnetic flux density (B ₅₀ ) of approximately 15,000 to
It is over 16,000 Gauss. In particular, grain-oriented silicon steel sheets are widely used as the most superior magnetic core material. A particular problem with such magnetic core materials is how to reduce the loss consumed as heat in the magnetic core. Approximately 0.4% of the total electricity consumption in the magnetic core using current silicon steel plates
is consumed as this loss, so even a small improvement can have an extremely large impact on power savings. An object of the present invention is to provide a high magnetic flux density magnetic core material made of a high magnetic flux density amorphous iron alloy with high magnetic permeability and low iron loss, as a magnetic core material that can replace silicon steel sheets, and a method for manufacturing the same. It is. Next, the present invention will be explained in detail. Normally, solid metals and alloys are in a crystalline state, but
By ultra-rapidly cooling the liquid (the cooling rate depends on the composition of the alloy, but approximately 10 ⁴ to ^{10 6} °C/sec), a solid with an amorphous structure similar to that of a liquid without a periodic atomic arrangement can be obtained. Such metals are called amorphous metals or amorphous metals. In general, this type of metal is an alloy consisting of two or more elements, usually a combination of both transition metal elements and metalloid elements (the amount of metalloids is approximately 15 to 30 at. It consists of a combination of two or more transition metal elements. It is known that some of these amorphous alloys containing iron group elements (iron, cobalt, nickel) exhibit ferromagnetism and have high magnetic permeability. The inventors of the present invention have
No. 73920 discloses a high permeability amorphous amorphous alloy having the following composition range. That is: (1) Any one or two of phosphorus, carbon, and boron
1. A high magnetic permeability amorphous amorphous alloy characterized by containing 7 to 35 at.% of at least one of iron and cobalt, and 93 to 65 at.% of one or more of iron and cobalt. (2) In atomic percent, (a) 50% or less of nickel (b) 25% or less of silicon (c) 15% of at least one of chromium and manganese
(d) Molybdenum, zirconium, titanium, aluminum, vanadium, niobium, tantalum,
Any one selected from tungsten, copper, germanium, beryllium, and bismuth
10% or less of one or more species, and (e) any one or two selected from praseodium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, and holmium.
The total amount of one or more components selected from the above element groups (a), (b), (c), (d) and (e) in an amount of 5% or more
The high magnetic permeability amorphous amorphous alloy according to (1) above, containing 50% or less. The present inventors have detailed the high magnetic permeability amorphous alloy according to the above invention in order to further improve high magnetic flux density, high magnetic permeability, low iron loss, etc., and make it suitable for magnetic core materials. As a result of extensive research, it was found that by ultra-quenching a molten alloy having the composition of the present invention to make it amorphous,
By subjecting this material to a specified heat treatment in a magnetic field or under stress, it is possible to give it extremely excellent magnetic properties as a magnetic core material.In particular, it is a novel material with extremely low iron loss and a significant power saving effect. The present invention was conceived based on this knowledge. The gist of the present invention is as follows. First Invention Silicon substituted with at least one of 5% or less of 11-17% boron and less than 8% of 3-8% carbon, together with boron and carbon, the total of 18-21 % and the remainder substantially contains iron, and is characterized by high maximum magnetic permeability, low iron loss, and magnetic flux density of 16 kilogauss or more. magnetic core material. Second Invention Silicon substituted with at least one of 5% or less of 11-17% boron and less than 8% of 3-8% carbon, together with boron and carbon, a total of 18-21 %, and the remainder substantially consists of iron, is rapidly cooled from a molten state to become amorphous, and the alloy is cooled below the crystallization temperature and under stress and/or
or annealed in magnetic field, high permeability, low iron loss,
A method for producing a high magnetic flux density magnetic core material, characterized by combining the process with a process for producing a high magnetic flux density. Here, in the present invention, high magnetic flux density means 14.5 kilogauss or more, which is the standard for silicon steel, preferably
16 kilogauss or more, and low iron loss requires at least 0.30W/Kg or less, preferably 0.12W/Kg. Magnetic permeability is μm
190000 or more is preferable. Table 1 shows the amorphous alloy of the present invention and various silicon steel sheets commonly used in the past (Japanese Industrial Standards JIS).
The composition and magnetic properties of these materials are shown below.

[Table] * From the Steel Handbook ** Japanese Industrial Standard Number In Table 1, alloys No. 1 to 3 are representative examples of the amorphous alloys of the present invention, and alloys No. 4 to 6 are commercially available silicon steel sheets. This is an example. The alloy of the present invention has almost the same magnetic flux density as the most excellent grain-oriented silicon steel sheet among conventional silicon steel sheets, but has superior performance in terms of magnetic permeability, coercive force, squareness ratio, and core loss. It can be seen that it has In particular, the iron loss is about 1/5 that of silicon steel plate.
This is a major feature that has not been available before. The high magnetic flux density magnetic core material made of an amorphous alloy of the present invention will be explained based on experimental data. All the alloys described below are tape-shaped samples approximately 2 mm wide and approximately 20 μm thick, which were rapidly cooled and solidified from a molten state using a single roll method to become amorphous. In general, magnetic core materials for magnetic amplification are required to have high residual magnetic flux density, high saturation magnetic flux density, and high squareness ratio. The alloy of the present invention, which is a quenched material, has a small residual magnetic flux density and a small squareness ratio, but these properties can be significantly improved by annealing in a magnetic field or under stress such as tension or torsion. This is the same as in the conventionally known method for modifying the magnetic properties of amorphous magnetic alloys. Figures 1 and 2 show the effect of silicon on the coercive force (H _c ) and squareness ratio (Br/B ₁₀₀ ) of Fe--B--C alloys treated in a magnetic field. FIG. 1 shows the case where boron is replaced with silicon, and FIG. 2 shows the case where carbon is replaced with silicon. As can be seen from these figures, the coercive force is significantly improved when carbon is replaced with silicon, and remains almost unchanged when boron is replaced with silicon. As described above, the high magnetic flux density magnetic core material of the present invention contains silicon substituted with at least one of 5% or less of 11 to 17% boron and less than 8% of 3 to 8% carbon in atomic percent, together with boron and carbon. Total of them 18~
It is an amorphous alloy containing 21% iron, with the remainder being substantially iron, and by having a composition within this range, the saturation magnetic flux density is approximately 16,000 Gauss or more, as seen in Figures 1 and 2. The coercive force is approximately 50 millielsted for rapidly cooled materials and approximately approximately 50 millielsted for materials treated in a magnetic field
It has excellent properties such as high magnetic flux density and high magnetic permeability, with a squareness ratio of approximately 0.9 in a magnetic field treatment material with a squareness of less than 20 milliersteads. These alloys also have high electrical resistance, as shown in Table 1, and exhibit very low iron losses due to their thin plates. Furthermore, alloys in this composition range tend to be amorphous, making it possible to produce wide thin plates. In general, it is said that a maximum width of 40 cm is required for magnetic core materials for power transformers, and the alloy of the present invention is extremely advantageous in this respect. As can be seen from Table 1 and Figures 1 and 2, the addition of silicon improves the magnetic properties without substantially changing the magnetic flux density. Moreover, this element has the effect of improving the ability to form an amorphous state and increasing the crystallization temperature, and is therefore preferable in the production of magnetic core materials. The amount of silicon added must be less than 13 atomic percent. When the magnetic core material of the present invention is annealed in a magnetic field after quenching, the magnetic properties are significantly improved, as shown in Table 1, FIGS. 1 and 2. Example 1 Based on Fe ₈₁ B ₁₃ C ₆ alloy, B or C is replaced with Si
The stability of the coercive force of various alloys substituted with was investigated.
Each alloy is rapidly cooled from the liquid state using the single roll method.
The tape material was approximately 2 mm wide and approximately 30 μm thick, and both were subjected to magnetic field treatment (320°C, 200 Oe magnetic field annealing for 30 minutes). Figure 3 shows the change in coercive force when aged at 150°C. The coercive force of Fe _{81 B 13} C ₃ Si ₃ and Fe ₈₁ B ₁₃ C ₁ Si ₅ alloys, in which carbon in the Fe ₈₁ B 13 C ₆ alloy is replaced with silicon, does not change even after 10,000 minutes. On the other hand, alloys in which boron is replaced with silicon tend to increase slightly with aging. Therefore, it is preferable to replace carbon with silicon. As described above, the alloy of the present invention has high magnetic permeability, low core loss, and high magnetic flux density, so it is an extremely promising material as a magnetic core material to replace silicon steel sheets.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 shows the Si substitution amount _and magnetic properties (saturation magnetization _{σ S} , magnetostriction _{λ 11} , coercive force Hc, Curie point Tc, square shape Figure 2 shows the relationship between _the ratio Br _/ B ₁₀₀ ) and _the Si
A diagram showing the relationship between the amount of substitution and magnetic properties (saturation magnetization σ _S , magnetostriction λ ₁₁ , coercive force Hc, squareness ratio Br/B ₁₀₀ ),
Figure 3 shows B or C in the amorphous Fe ₈₁ B ₁₃ C ₆ alloy.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the stability of coercive force when Si is substituted with Si.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 atomic %, boron 5% or less of 11 to 17%,
Amorphous iron containing silicon substituted for at least one of less than 8% of 3 to 8% carbon, together with boron and carbon, in a total of 18 to 21%, and the balance substantially containing iron. A high magnetic flux density magnetic core material made of alloy and characterized by high maximum magnetic permeability, low iron loss, and magnetic flux density of 16 kilogauss or more. 2 At %, 5% or less of boron 11-17%,
An alloy containing silicon substituted for at least one of less than 8% of 3 to 8% of carbon, together with boron and carbon, in a total of 18 to 21%, and the remainder substantially consisting of iron, is rapidly cooled from a molten state. It is characterized by a combination of a step of making it amorphous and a step of annealing it below the crystallization temperature and under stress and/or in a magnetic field to give it high magnetic permeability, low iron loss, and high magnetic flux density. A method for manufacturing a high magnetic flux density magnetic core material.