JPS6360424A - Ferroelectric liquid crystal element - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the generation of an orientation defect and to permit satisfactory exhibition of the characteristics of a ferroelectric liquid crystal by specifying the difference in the film thicknesses of the respective color filters on substrates to <=1/10 the cell thickness and providing light shielding layers, protective films and flattening films at need. CONSTITUTION:This ferroelectric liquid crystal element 1 has the substrates 2 and 3 for which glass plates or plastic plates are used and the ferroelectric liquid crystal 4 is sandwiched therebetween. The respective substrates 2 and 3 are disposed with the transparent electrodes 5 and 6 having the striped pattern shape to form matrix electrode structure and are formed with orientation controlling films 7 and 8 on the transparent electrodes. The respective color filters R(red), G(green) and B(blue) are formed to the film thicknesses having a difference of <=1/10 cell thickness between each and to about 0.5-1.5mum film thicknesses and are formed of the coloring materials which are preset in density so as to attain desired spectral characteristics. On the other hand, light shielding layers 10 are formed in the recesses between the respective color filters at need and further, the protective films or flattening films 9 are formed thereon.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to ferroelectric liquid crystal elements such as liquid crystal display elements and liquid crystal-optical shutter arrays, and more specifically relates to a method for improving the initial alignment state of liquid crystal molecules. The present invention relates to a ferroelectric liquid crystal element having a color filter that obtains a uniform monodomain liquid crystal phase free from alignment defects and improves display and driving characteristics.

[Prior Art] As a conventional liquid crystal element, for example, M-Shut (M,
5chadt) and double knee Helfrich (W,
1 (elfrich) “Applied Physics
Letters” (“Applied Physics L
etters'') Volume 18, No. 4 (February 1, 1971
Voltage Dependent Optical Activity of a Twisted Nematic Liquid Crystal, pp. 127-12B
al Activity of a Twistecl
Nematic Liquid Crystal”)
The twisted nematic shown in
ne*atic) Those using liquid crystal are known. This TN liquid crystal has a problem in that crosstalk occurs during time division driving using a matrix electrode structure with high pixel density, so the number of pixels is limited.

Furthermore, a display element is known in which a switching element using a thin film transistor is connected to each pixel, and each pixel is switched. However, the process of forming the thin film transistor on the substrate is extremely complicated, and the display element has a large area. There are some problems that make it difficult to create.

As a solution to these problems, Clark (C1
A ferroelectric liquid crystal device has been proposed by Ark et al. in US Pat. No. 4,367.924.

FIG. 2 schematically depicts an example of a cell for explaining the operation of a ferroelectric liquid crystal. 21a and 21b are In2
O5, 5nVz or ITO (Indium Tin 0x
A substrate coated with a transparent electrode made of S film such as
A glass plate), between which a plurality of liquid crystal molecular layers 22 are oriented perpendicularly to the glass surface.
■■One-phase liquid crystal is sealed. Thick line 23
represents a liquid crystal molecule, and this liquid crystal molecule 23 has a dipole moment (pi) 24 in the direction perpendicular to the molecule.
have. When a voltage higher than a certain threshold is applied between the electrodes on the substrates 21a and 21b, the helical structure of the liquid crystal molecules 23 is unraveled, and the orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules 23 is changed so that all dipole moments (P) 24 are directed in the direction of the electric field. can be changed. The two liquid crystal molecules have an elongated shape,
It exhibits refractive index anisotropy in the long axis direction and the short axis direction, and therefore, if polarizers are placed above and below the glass surface in a crossed nicol positional relationship, the optical properties of the liquid crystal optical modulation element change depending on the polarity of voltage application. It is easy to understand that.

The liquid crystal cell preferably used in the ferroelectric liquid crystal element of the present invention can have a sufficiently thin thickness (for example, 10 hiro or less).As the liquid crystal phase becomes thinner in this way, as shown in FIG. Even when no electric field is applied, the helical structure of the liquid crystal molecules unravels and becomes a non-helical structure, and the dipole moment Pa or pb is either upward (14a) or downward (14b). When an electric field Ea or Eb of different polarity above a certain threshold value is applied to such a cell as shown in FIG. 3, the dipole moment becomes.

upward direction 34 corresponding to the electric field vector of electric field Ea or Eb.
a or downward 34b, and accordingly the liquid crystal molecules are oriented in either the first stable state 33a or the second stable state 13b.

As mentioned above, there are two advantages to using such a ferroelectric liquid crystal as an optical modulation element. The first is that the response speed is extremely fast, and the second is that the alignment of liquid crystal molecules has bistability. the second point, e.g.
To further explain with reference to the figure, when the electric field Ea is applied, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned in the first stable state ff333a, and this state remains stable even when the electric field is turned off. Also, the electric field Eb in the opposite direction
When the electric field is applied, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned in the second stable state 7q33b and change their orientation, but they remain in this state even after the electric field is turned off. Further, as long as the applied electric field Ea does not exceed a certain threshold value, each orientation state is maintained. In order to effectively realize such fast response speed and bistability, it is preferable that the cell be as thin as possible.

In order for this ferroelectric liquid crystal element to exhibit predetermined driving characteristics, the ferroelectric liquid crystal placed between a pair of parallel substrates must
For example, for a ferroelectric liquid crystal having a chiral smectic phase, it is necessary for the molecules to be in a state in which the molecules are arranged in such a way that conversion between the above two stable states occurs effectively, regardless of the applied state of the electric field. It is necessary to form a monodomain in which the liquid crystal molecule layer of the chiral smectic phase is perpendicular to the substrate surface, and the liquid crystal molecule axes are arranged substantially parallel to the substrate surface. However, in conventional ferroelectric liquid crystal devices, the alignment state of the liquid crystal having such a monodomain structure was not necessarily formed satisfactorily, and therefore sufficient characteristics could not be obtained.

FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a conventional ferroelectric liquid crystal element, and FIG. 5 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing the state of alignment defects that appear in the conventional ferroelectric liquid crystal element.

That is, the conventional ferroelectric liquid crystal element 40 shown in FIG. 4 has a pair of parallel substrates 41 and 42, and the substrates 41 and 42 have striped transparent electrodes 43 and 44 forming a matrix electrode structure, respectively. is provided.

Generally, color filters are red (R), green (G), blue (
The dye B) or a layer containing the same is formed, but since the thickness of each dye layer is different regardless of the method of formation, a step A of about 2000 to II&m is formed.

As a result, if alignment control is performed using the temperature decreasing process, alignment defects will occur in the ferroelectric liquid crystal 47 with the step A as a boundary due to the step A described above. Furthermore, if the alignment control films 45 and 46 are provided on the substrates 41 and 42 where the step A exists, respectively, the step A will also be applied to the alignment control film.
A step C formed according to the pixel thickness occurs approximately equal to the film thickness of the pixel,
Similarly to the above, alignment defects occur in the ferroelectric liquid crystal 47.

FIG. 5 is a sketch of the ferroelectric liquid crystal element observed with a crossed Nicol polarized m-microscope, and the white line 51 in the figure corresponds to the line of the spacer (not shown) used in the liquid crystal element. Lines 52 and 53 are observed corresponding to step C on substrate 41 in FIG. Further, a portion 54 in the figure is a ferroelectric liquid crystal sandwiched between opposing electrodes. A large number of edge-like lines 55 appearing in the polarizing microscope represent alignment defects in the ferroelectric liquid crystal.

In this way, if a step larger than the cell thickness of 1110, for example about 1000 Å or more, exists on the surface in contact with the ferroelectric liquid crystal, alignment defects will occur from the step, and the formation of monodomains of the ferroelectric liquid crystal will be inhibited.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The present inventors have found through experiments that such steps on the substrate cause alignment defects in the ferroelectric liquid crystal.

An object of the present invention is to provide a ferroelectric liquid crystal element that can prevent the occurrence of the above-mentioned alignment defects and fully exhibit the high-speed response and memory effect characteristics inherent in ferroelectric liquid crystal elements. be.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present inventors particularly focused on the initial orientation during the cooling process in which ferroelectric liquid crystals transition from an isokyoshi phase (high temperature state) to a liquid crystal phase (low temperature state). We have discovered a ferroelectric liquid crystal element having a structure that allows both the operating characteristics of the element based on the bistability of the liquid crystal and the monodomain property of the liquid crystal layer.

The liquid crystal element of the present invention is based on this knowledge, and more specifically, there is almost no step on the surface in contact with the liquid crystal layer, that is, by preventing sudden changes in the thickness of the liquid crystal layer, it is possible to reduce the temperature. It is characterized by having good initial orientation during the process and forming monodomains with no orientation defects.

That is, the present invention involves sandwiching a ferroelectric liquid crystal between a pair of parallel substrates on which transparent electrodes are formed, and disposing a colored material in a polyamino resin having a photosensitive group in the molecule between at least one of the transparent electrodes and the substrate. In a ferroelectric liquid crystal device having a color filter formed by a photolithography process using a colored resin dispersed with This is a ferroelectric liquid crystal element characterized in that the optical density of each coloring material is adjusted.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the basic structure of a ferroelectric liquid crystal element according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, a ferroelectric liquid crystal element 1 has substrates 2 and 3 made of transparent plates such as glass plates or plastic plates, and a ferroelectric liquid crystal 4 is sandwiched between them. Transparent electrodes 5 and 6 in a striped pattern forming a matrix electrode structure are provided on each substrate 2 and 3, and orientation amount W films 7 and 8 are formed on these transparent electrodes. The R (red), G (green), and B (blue) color filters each have a film thickness difference of 1/10 or less of the cell thickness, and a film thickness of about 0.5 to -i,s). The coloring material concentration is set in advance so as to obtain the desired spectral characteristics. On the other hand, if necessary, a light shielding layer 10 is formed in the recess between each color filter, and a protective layer sg or a flattening layer M9 is further formed thereon.

In the substrate with the above configuration, the thickness of the color filter and the level difference due to the depression between pixels are corrected, so even if a transparent electrode and an alignment control film are sequentially formed on the pixels, the substrate surface can be kept almost flat. It's coming.

In the present invention, the level difference of the color filter substrate can be made to be 1/10 or less of the cell thickness by the above-mentioned flattening, but preferably it is 1/20 or less of the cell thickness. A liquid crystal element using a non-planarized layer formed with a thickness exceeding 171O will cause alignment defects of the edge lines shown in FIG. 5 described above.

The polyamino resin having a photosensitive group in its molecule (hereinafter referred to as photosensitive polyamino resin) that forms the colored resin film constituting the color filter in the present invention is an aromatic resin having a photosensitive group in its molecule. polyamide resin or polyimide resin, especially visible light wavelength range (400
~700tv) without specific light absorption characteristics (
From this point of view, aromatic polyamide resins are particularly preferred.

Further, the photosensitive group in the present invention may be any aromatic silver having a photosensitive hydrocarbon unsaturated group as shown below, for example.

(1) Benzoic acid esters (in the formula RICHX-CY-(:0O-Z-1X is -H
Or -C, H,, Y is -1! or -CH, Z represents - or an ethyl group or a glycidyl group) (2) Benzyl acrylates (in the formula, Y represents -H or CI) (3) diphenyl ethers (in the formula, R2 represents CHX-CY- CONF+-1CHt=C
Y-COO-(CH2)2-OCO- or CH2=CY
(4) chalcone and other compound chains (in the formula, R3 represents H-, an alkyl group, or an alkoxy group); .

Specific examples of aromatic polyamide resins and polyimide resins having these groups in their molecules are shown below.

Examples include "Lithocoat PA-1000" (trade name, manufactured by Ube Industries Paving Co., Ltd.) and "Lithocoat PI-400" (trade name, manufactured by Ube Industries Ltd.).

Generally, photosensitive resins used in photolithography processes vary depending on their chemical structure, but there are few that have excellent durability such as mechanical properties, heat resistance, light resistance, and solvent resistance. On the other hand, the photosensitive polyamino resin of the present invention is a highly durable resin based on its chemical structure, and the color filter formed using it also has very good durability. becomes. #2 It exhibits excellent performance against heat resistance during sputter formation of transparent conductive films, which can be problematic as color filters for ferroelectric liquid crystal devices, and damage to color filters caused by inner spacers during liquid crystal device assembly. be.

The coloring material forming the colored resin layer of the color filter in the present invention is not particularly limited, as long as it can obtain desired spectral characteristics among organic pigments, inorganic pigments, dyes, etc.

In this case, each material can be used alone or as a mixture of some of these materials. However, when dyes are used, the performance of the color filter is controlled by the durability of the dye itself; 2. If the resin system of the present invention is used, 1. The performance of the color filter is superior to ordinary dyed color filters. can be formed. Therefore, in view of the color characteristics and various performances of the color filter, organic pigments are most preferable as the coloring material.

Organic pigments include azo pigments such as soluble azo, insoluble azo, condensed azo, phthalocyanine pigments,
and condensed polycyclic pigments including indigo, anthraquinone, perylene, herinone, dioxazine, quinacridone, isointrinon, phthalone, methine/azomethine, and other metal complex systems, or any of these. Several mixtures of are used.

In the present invention, the colored resin used to form the colored resin layer is such that the above-mentioned colored material having desired spectral characteristics is added to the above-mentioned photosensitive polyamino resin solution in advance so that the difference in film thickness of each colored resin layer is equal to the cell thickness. The optical density is set within a range of 1/1O or less, and based on each, approximately 10 to 50%
After mixing the particles in appropriate proportions and sufficiently dispersing them using ultrasonic waves or triple rolls, particles having a large particle size are preferably removed using a filter of 16 m or less.

The colored resin layer of the color filter of the present invention is formed by applying the colored resin onto a substrate using a coating device such as a spinner or a roll coater, and forming a pattern through a photolithography process, and the layer thickness is determined according to desired spectral characteristics. Although it is determined depending on the situation, it is usually about 0.5 to 5 pots, preferably about 0.5 to 1.51 L.

If it is necessary to further increase the adhesion between the colored resin IF1 layer and the underlying substrate, either apply a thin layer of silane coupling agent, etc. on the substrate and then form a colored resin pattern, or A layer effect can be achieved by forming a color filter using a color filter containing a small amount of a silane coupling agent or the like.

The colored resin layer of the color filter of the present invention is itself made of a good material that has sufficient durability. In order to flatten the color filter surface, polyamide,
Organic resins such as polyimide, polyurethane, polycarbonate, silicone, and 5IJ4. SiO□, Sin,
Ai'zOz*Ta, 0. Inorganic films such as
It can be provided as a W1 film or a flattening film. Also.

The thickness of the M retention film 9 can determine the thickness of the ferroelectric liquid crystal 4, so it varies depending on the type of liquid crystal material and the required response speed, but it is generally 0.2 mm thick. ■〜
It is set in the range of 20 degrees, preferably in the range of 0.5 degrees to 10 degrees.

Furthermore, in some cases, in order to improve display characteristics, a thin metal film with light-shielding ability such as chromium or aluminum may be deposited as a light-shielding layer in the gaps between each colored resin layer, or a thin film of metal with light-shielding ability, such as chromium or aluminum, may be deposited in the gap between each colored resin layer, or in a photosensitive polyamino resin. A light-shielding resin layer in which a material having light-shielding ability such as carbon black, composite oxide pigment, metal powder, etc. is dispersed can be formed by a coating method.

Examples of materials for the alignment control film used in the present invention include polyvinyl alcohol, polyimide, polyamideimide, polyester, polycarbonate, pyrivinyl acetal, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polyamide, polystyrene, cellulose resin, melamine resin, and urea. Resins such as resins, acrylic resins, photosensitive polyimides, photosensitive polyamides, cyclic rubber photoresists, pheno-J lenovolac photoresists, or electron beam photoresists (polymethyl methacrylate, epoxidized 1,4-boly butadiene, etc.). Orientation system #! ! Although I7 depends on the film thickness of the ferroelectric liquid crystal, it is generally between 10 and 1
B. It is preferably set in the range of 1O0λ to 3000 people.

A particularly suitable liquid crystal material for use in the present invention is a liquid crystal having bistability and ferroelectricity. Specifically, chiral smectic C phase (Sac
”), H phase (SmH”), I phase (Sml”)
, A phase (Sw+J”), K phase (SmK”),
G-phase (!l+a+G'') or F-phase (S■F'') liquid crystal can be used.

Regarding this ferroelectric liquid crystal, “LE JOURNAL
19
1975, No. 36 (L-69), ``Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals J ('Ferroelec
tric Liquid Crystals”); “
Applied Physics Letters” (“Appl.
1980
2003, No. 36 (11), “Submicro-second bistiple electroobtic switching.
'In Liquid Crystals'('Submicro
5econd B15table Electroo
pticSwitching in Liquid C
"Solid State Physics" 1981 1
6 (141), "Liquid Crystal", etc., and the ferroelectric liquid crystal disclosed therein can be used in the present invention.

Specific examples of ferroelectric liquid crystals include decyloxybenzylidene-p'-amino-2-methylbutylcinnamate (DOBAMBC), hexyloxybenzylidene-p'-amino-2-chloropropylcinnamate (
HOBACPC), 4-o-(2-methyl)-butylresol silidane-4'-octylaniline (MBRAS)
can be mentioned.

When constructing an element using these materials, the element can be supported by a block or the like in which a heater is embedded, if necessary, in order to maintain the temperature at such a temperature that the liquid crystal compound enters the chiral smectic phase.

[Function] In the ferroelectric liquid crystal element of the present invention, the optical density of each coloring material is adjusted so that it is 1/10 or less of the color cell thickness of each pixel, and the film is formed to have almost the same thickness, and is formed on the color filter. A transparent electrode and an alignment control film are laminated on the substrate, and the flatness of the substrate is good, so there is no step on the surface in contact with the liquid crystal phase. By slow cooling during the temperature-lowering process, the liquid crystal phase region gradually expands to form a uniform monodomain liquid crystal phase.

For example, the above-mentioned (7) exhibiting a ferroelectric liquid crystal phase as a liquid crystal.
An explanation using DOBA MBC as an example, DOBA
When gradually cooling down from IiBG (7) etc., about 115
It undergoes a phase transition to smectic A phase (SmA phase) at °C.

At this time, if the substrate is subjected to alignment treatment such as rubbing, Sin or oblique evaporation, monodomains are formed in which the molecular axes of liquid crystal molecules are parallel to the substrate and aligned in one direction. Further, as cooling progresses, a phase transition occurs to a chiral smectic C phase (Sac" phase) at a specific temperature between about 90 and 75 degrees Celsius, which depends on the thickness of the liquid crystal layer.
If the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is approximately 2μ or less, 5taC
``The phase helix unravels and exhibits bistability.

[Example] Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples.

Embodiment 1 FIGS. 6(a) to 6(f) are process diagrams showing the process of forming color pixels of 83 colors, R and G.

First, on a Corning #7059 glass substrate 61, a blue-colored resin material [
Heliogen Blue
L7080 (Product name, manufactured by BASF, C,'l
No. 74160) to PA-1000C (product name,
A photosensitive colored resin material prepared by dispersing it in Ube Industries Co., Ltd., polymer content = 10%, solvent: N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, pigment: polymer = 1 = 2 combination) was coated with a spinner coating method. Colored resin layer 62 is applied to a film thickness of 5μ.
was formed. (See FIG. 6(a)) Next, the colored resin layer 62 was pre-baked at 80° C. for 30 minutes, and then exposed to light using a high-pressure mercury lamp through a photomask 63 corresponding to the pattern shape to be formed. .

(See Fig. 6(b)) After the exposure, as shown in Fig. 6(c), the photocured portion δ2a
The colored resin layer 62 is developed using ultrasonic waves in a special developer (a developer whose main component is N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) that dissolves only the unexposed areas of the colored resin layer 62, and then developed using a special rinse solution (for example, After processing with a rinsing liquid containing isopropyl alcohol as a main component, a boss bake was performed at 180° C. for 30 minutes to form a blue patterned colored resin fi64 having a patterned shape. (See FIG. 6(d)) Next, a green colored resin material [Lionol Green 6YK (trade name)] was applied as a second color onto the glass substrate on which the blue colored pattern was formed.

Manufactured by Toyo Ink Co., Ltd., C, 1, No. 74265)
A-1000C (product name, manufactured by Ube Industries, polymer content =
A green patterned colored resin was prepared in the same manner as above, except that a photosensitive colored resin material prepared by dispersing 10% of the solvent, diN-methyl-2-pyrrolidone in the solvent, and a pigment:bolimer ratio of 1:2 was used. Layer 65 was formed in place on the substrate.

Furthermore, a red colored resin material [Irgazin Red BPT] was applied as a third color onto the substrate on which the blue and green patterns were formed in this way.
(Product name, manufactured by Ciba-Geigy).

C, 1, No. 71127) to PA-1000C (#
Product name, manufactured by Ube Industries, polymer content = 10%, solvent: N-
A red patterned colored resin layer 66 is formed on the substrate in the same manner as above except that a photosensitive colored resin material prepared by dispersing methyl-2-pyrrolidone in a pigment:bolimer=1=2 mixture is used. A colored pattern of three color stripes of R (red), G (green), and B (blue) with a film thickness difference of 0.1 mm or less was obtained by forming at a predetermined position.

(See Figure 6(e)) Next, on the glass substrate on which the three-color colored pattern was formed,
As a light shielding layer, a black colored resin material [carbon black (C
, 1, No. 77266) in PA-1000C (polymer content = 10%, pigment: polymer = l: 4 blend)] using the same method as above. A light-shielding IJ67 of a light-shielding pattern was formed to match the gap between each pixel.

On the color filter pattern obtained in this way,
Protective film or flattening! A transparent resin material similar to that used for the colored resin material as I68 [PA-1000C (trade name,
(manufactured by Ube Industries, polymer content = 10%, solvent: N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone)] was approximately 0 depending on spinner coating properties.
．． It was formed with a film thickness of 5%-thickness. (See FIG. 6(f)) As described above, it was possible to form color filter substrates that were made flush.

Next, as shown in FIG. 1, ITO was sputtered to a thickness of 500 Å to form an f&Ml, % transparent electrode of 5%.

Orientation control on top of this! 97, polyimide forming solution (
Hitachi Chemical rP (Q J ) was applied using a spinner rotating at 3000 rpm, and heated at 150° C. for 30 minutes to form a 200 OA polyimide film. Thereafter, the surface of this polyimide film was subjected to a rubbing treatment.

The thus formed color filter substrate and the opposing substrate 3 were bonded together to form a cell so that the cell thickness was 1.5 mm, and ferroelectric liquid crystal was injected and sealed to obtain a liquid crystal element. . When this liquid crystal element was observed using a crossed Nicol polarizing microscope, it was confirmed that the internal liquid crystal molecules had no alignment defects.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the present invention, the film thickness difference between the color filter layers of each color on the substrate is 1/10 or less of the cell thickness,
This makes it possible to form a color filter layer with no unevenness, and also provides a light-shielding layer, a protective film, and a flattening film if necessary.

To provide a ferroelectric liquid crystal element that can eliminate minute steps occurring between each pixel of a color filter, can prevent alignment defects, and can fully exhibit the characteristics of a ferroelectric liquid crystal. Can be done.

Furthermore, according to the present invention, it has excellent mechanical strength, and
The color filter part, which has a fine pattern with excellent properties such as heat resistance, light resistance, and solvent resistance, is manufactured using a simple manufacturing process using only a photolithography process, and has high performance as a color ferroelectric liquid crystal element. It is possible to easily provide excellent products.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the basic 4I configuration of a ferroelectric liquid crystal element according to the present invention, FIGS. 2 and 3 are perspective views schematically showing the ferroelectric liquid crystal used in the present invention, and FIG. The figure is a cross-sectional view of a conventional ferroelectric liquid crystal device, FIG. 5 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing the state of alignment defects that appear in a conventional ferroelectric liquid crystal device, and FIGS. FIG. 3 is a process diagram showing the process of forming color pixels of FIG. 1, 40-... Ferroelectric liquid crystal element 2, 3, 41.42.61-... Substrate 4.47-...
・Ferroelectric liquid crystal 5, 6, 43.44--Transparent electrode 7, 8, 4
5.46--Alignment control film 9, 48.68--Protection 11 (planarization!I) 10, 67--Light shielding layer Fig. 2 Fig. 3 Fig. 4 Fig. 5

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A ferroelectric liquid crystal is sandwiched between a pair of parallel substrates on which transparent electrodes are formed, and a colored material is dispersed in a polyamino resin having a photosensitive group in the molecule between at least one of the transparent electrodes and the substrate. In a ferroelectric liquid crystal device having a color filter formed by a photolithography process of a colored resin, the difference in film thickness of the color filter of each pixel is expressed as x (μm
), then x≦(1/10)d_0 (however, d_
1. A ferroelectric liquid crystal device characterized in that the optical density of each coloring material is adjusted so as to have a relationship of 0 indicates cell thickness (μm). (2) The ferroelectric liquid crystal device according to claim 1, wherein the polyamino resin is an aromatic polyamide resin or polyimide resin having a photosensitive group in the molecule. (3) The ferroelectric liquid crystal element according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a protective film is provided between the color filter layer and the transparent electrode.