JPS6349121B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a liquid fuel combustion device mainly used as an indoor heater.

Conventionally, in combustion devices that burn liquid fuel such as kerosene in a burner, it has been widely practiced to sufficiently atomize or atomize the fuel before burning it, and for this purpose, a vaporizer that heats and evaporates the fuel has been used. A method is used in which a heating device is installed and heated using electrical resistance heat or gaseous fuel. The former method requires waiting for the vaporizer to be heated to a specified temperature, so it not only takes a considerable amount of time from the start of operation to the start of combustion, but it also has the inconvenience of being usable only in places where electricity is available.

On the other hand, the latter method, for example,
As disclosed in Publication No. 381 and Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 40-9673, combustion occurs at the same time as the start of operation, which has the advantage of being suitable for heating. however,
The combustion device disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 33-381 has a configuration in which gaseous fuel is also heated through a vaporizer, so it is extremely dangerous to use gaseous fuel, and the heating reduces the density of the fuel, resulting in a loss of combustion heat. Not only will this cause inconveniences such as a drop in fuel consumption and incomplete combustion, but
It is impossible to obtain a common nozzle that can properly eject gaseous fuel and liquid fuel, which have completely different properties such as heat amount and pressure.

In addition, in the combustion device disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 40-9673, there is a period when gaseous fuel and liquid fuel are combusted when both are switched, so the inconvenience of incomplete combustion due to lack of primary air is avoided. do not have.

Therefore, the present invention was devised to provide a combustion device that burns gaseous fuel at the beginning of operation and switches to liquid fuel when the vaporizer heats up, and that can be used extremely safely and reliably at any location. It is something that

That is, the liquid fuel combustion apparatus according to the present invention has a fuel pump, a vaporizer, and an on-off valve, and has a fuel passage that sends liquid fuel from a fuel tank to a main nozzle provided at an inlet of a burner, and an on-off valve, and has an on-off valve. a gas passage that sends gaseous fuel to a sub nozzle arranged in parallel with the main nozzle at the inlet of the gas passage, and a gas passage that keeps the on-off valve of the fuel passage closed when the on-off valve of the gas passage is opened, and closes the former on-off valve. A first feature of the present invention is that it is provided with a switching mechanism for interlocking the opening of the latter opening/closing valve, and that the carburetor is disposed above the burner.

Further, the liquid fuel combustion apparatus according to the present invention has a configuration in which, in addition to the above configuration, a thermocouple is provided for generating electric power to drive the fuel pump, and the thermocouple is disposed above the burner. This is the second feature.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the entire device, in which 1 is a fuel tank, 2 is a fuel pump, 3 is a fuel regulator, 4 is a carburetor, and 5 is a gas cylinder. , 6 is a pressure regulator, 7 is an on-off valve, 8 is a storage chamber, 9 is a burner, 10 is a switching mechanism, and 11 is a temperature adjustment mechanism for the vaporizer 4, which is housed in a box-shaped frame 12.

The thermoelectromotive force generated by heating the thermocouple 13 by the combustion heat of the fuel combusted by the burner 9 drives the electric motor 1.
The liquid fuel in the fuel tank 1 is pressurized by the fuel pump 2 and enters the pressure regulating chamber 15 of the fuel regulator 3. One wall of the pressure regulating chamber 15 is formed of a diaphragm 16, and the diaphragm 16 is inserted between a spring receiver 18 that is in contact with a lever 17 that rotates in conjunction with a temperature regulating dial D provided on the front of the frame 12, and the diaphragm 16. A return valve 20 fixed to the diaphragm 16 by the elastic force of the spring 19 closes the return passage 21.
When the pressure of the fuel sent to the pressure regulating chamber 15 through the first fuel passage 22 having the fuel pump 2 becomes greater than the set value of the spring 19, the return valve 20 opens and a portion of the fuel is returned to the fuel tank 1. When the temperature control dial D is set to the low temperature side, the spring receiver 18 is pushed up to reduce the initial load of the spring 19 and the return valve 2
0 is becoming easier to open. Therefore, a large amount of fuel when the temperature is on the high temperature side and a small amount when the temperature is on the low temperature side passes through the second fuel passage 23 having the vaporizer 4 to the main nozzle 24 for liquid fuel provided at the inlet of the burner 9.
It will be sent to.

The thermocouple 13 is attached to a reflector 25 provided behind the burner 9, with its hot junction 26 located near the burner 9 and its cold junction 27 between the reflector 25 and the rear panel 12a of the frame 12. It faces the back room 28 between the rooms. This back chamber 28 has ventilation holes 12d, 12e, and 1 provided in the lower part of the rear panel 12a and the front panel 12b and the top panel 12c.
2f communicates with the outside air, and due to the chimney effect, the air passes in an upward flow to cool the cold junction 27. Moreover, the thermocouple 13 has two types of metal wires 13a,
13b are alternately connected in series and formed in a zigzag pattern, and the alternately formed hot contacts 26 and cold contacts 27 are connected to the reflector 2 as described above
5, and both ends are connected to the electric motor 14. Metal wires 13a, 13b
By increasing the number of thermocouples used, the power required to operate the electric motor 14 can be obtained.However, if the wire diameter is small, the resistance value increases and the current decreases, while if the wire diameter is large, the thermocouple itself Since the temperature rise of the wire is slow, the wire diameter and number of wires should be selected with these factors in mind. For example, when using chromel and constantan, the wire diameter
Using 20 each of 1.2 to 1.6 mm, 1W of power was obtained. This is sufficient power to drive a fuel pump with a capacity to obtain a pressure of at least 0.1 Kg/cm ² and a flow rate necessary for combustion, and when the carburetor 4 is heated to the specified temperature, the fuel pump 2 is activated without delay and Starts operation automatically.

The gas cylinder 5 is filled with gaseous fuel such as LPG, and the gaseous fuel sent out from the gas cylinder 5 enters the pressure regulating chamber 29 of the pressure regulator 6, which is a pressure regulating valve fixed to a diaphragm 31 on which an adjustable spring 30 acts. 32
When the main nozzle 24 is opened, the main nozzle 24 is connected to the inlet of the burner 9 via an on-off valve 7 and a gas passage 33 having a reservoir chamber 8.
It is sent to the sub-nozzle 34 provided in parallel with the auxiliary nozzle. When the pressure in the pressure regulating chamber 29 increases, the diaphragm 31 is pushed against the elasticity of the spring 30 to reduce the opening of the pressure regulating valve 32, but when the pressure decreases, the opening of the pressure regulating valve 32 is increased and Therefore, gaseous fuel at a constant pressure is sent to the sub nozzle 34.

The switching mechanism 10 opens and closes the on-off valve 35 of the second fuel passage 23 and the on-off valve 7 of the gas passage 33. The switching mechanism 10 opens and closes the on-off valve 35 of the second fuel passage 23 and the on-off valve 7 of the gas passage 33. Stuck valve stem 38
A permanent magnet 39 with little change in magnetic properties due to heat is attached to the valve, and a spring 40 acting in the valve opening direction is applied.
The valve is closed by attracting the permanent magnet 39 to a ferromagnetic magnetic core 42 made of ferrite having a certain Curie point and fixed to the valve body 41. A spring 45 acting in the valve closing direction is applied to the valve stem 44 to which the valve body 43 of the latter opening/closing valve 7 is fixed, and a first lever 46 and a second lever are brought into contact and engaged with the two valve stems 38 and 44, respectively. The lever 47 contacts and engages a cam 48, which is rotated by the operation switch S and closes the latter opening/closing valve 7 in the closed position. The liquid fuel on-off valve 35 is kept closed by the permanent magnet 39 being attracted to the magnetic core 42 (see FIG. 6).

When the operation switch S is turned to the ignition position, the protrusion 48a of the cam 48 engages the arm 4 provided on the valve stem 44 on the gaseous fuel side.
4a and moves the valve rod 44 in the valve opening direction to open the on-off valve 7, and at the same time, the pin 4 of the second lever 47
The stepped portion of the cam 48 at 7a disengages from 48b, and the second lever 47 is pulled by the spring 49 and rotates counterclockwise in the figure around the fulcrum 50, causing the valve stem to attach to the tip end surface of the pawl 47b. The pin 44b of 44 engages to maintain the valve open state, and the restraining portion 47c of the second lever 47 pinches the first lever 46 and contacts the valve rod 38 on the liquid fuel side (FIG. 7). As described above, the gaseous fuel in the gas cylinder 5 is adjusted to a constant pressure and is sent to the burner 9 from the sub nozzle 34, and is ignited and burned by an electric ignition mechanism (not shown) in conjunction with the operation switch S, for example.

The flame and hot gas from the burner 9 heat the vaporizer 4 and thermocouple 13 placed above it, and the magnetic core 42 placed near the burner 9 inside the frame 12.
The vaporizer 4 has a main body and a thin metal wire filled inside.
The porous layer 4a made of metal such as a wire mesh is set to a temperature at which the liquid fuel is atomized or atomized, and the thermocouple 13 is set to the temperature at which the electric motor 14
reaches a temperature that generates enough power to operate. Also, at almost the same time, the magnetic core 42 decreases its magnetism, and the valve stem 38 having the permanent magnet 39 moves in the valve opening direction by the elasticity of the spring 40 to open the on-off valve 35, and at the same time, this valve stem 38 The first lever 46 is rotated clockwise in the figure around the fulcrum 51, and the pawl 47b of the second lever 47, which is also pushed by the first lever 46 and rotated clockwise in the figure, comes off the pin 44b, and as a result, the gas The valve rod 44 on the fuel side is pushed in the valve closing direction by the spring 45, and the on-off valve 7 is closed (FIG. 8).

With the configuration as shown in the illustrated embodiment, even if the fuel pump 2 starts operating while the liquid fuel side on-off valve 35 is closed, the fuel regulator 3 is provided, so that excess fuel can be pumped into the second tank. The fuel passage 23 is not full. Furthermore, when the on-off valve 7 on the gaseous fuel side is closed and the on-off valve 35 on the liquid fuel side is opened, the gaseous fuel in the reservoir chamber 8 is consumed and a fuel shortage occurs even if the fuel pump 2 has not yet started operating. I won't let you.

When the operation switch S is returned from the ignition position to the extinguishing position (closed position) after combustion, the stepped portion 48 of the cam 48
The pin 47a of the second lever 47 is engaged with the pin 47a of the second lever 47, and the first lever 46 is engaged with the arc-shaped peripheral edge 48c of the cam 48.
contacts and rotates counterclockwise, pushing the valve rod 38 on the liquid fuel side to close the on-off valve 35 and return to the state shown in FIG. 6.

A temperature control mechanism 1 is provided between the burner 9 and the vaporizer 4.
1 heat shield plate 52 is arranged, and both ends of this heat shield plate 52 are supported by support arms 5 rotatably supported on the frame 12.
3 and 54, and the center free end of a spiral bimetal 55 is fixed to the support shaft 53a of one of the support arms 53. At normal temperature, the heat shield plate 52 is retracted to the side as shown in FIG. (see Figure 9) to restrict or prevent the flame and hot gas from the burner 9 from directly acting on the vaporizer 4, thereby maintaining the vaporizer 4 within an appropriate temperature range and preventing ignition due to overheating. Eliminate your worries.

Note that the gas cylinder 5 is replaceable, but when city gas is used as the gaseous fuel, a city gas hose is connected to the pressure regulator 6 instead of the gas cylinder 5. Although the switching mechanism 10 has a mechanical structure, the opening/closing valve 35 on the liquid fuel side opens simultaneously with the closing of the on/off valve 7 on the gaseous fuel side, which is electrically performed in conjunction with the start of operation of the fuel pump 2. In this case, two on-off valves 7, 35 are used.
is electromagnetically driven. Furthermore, when the installation location is fixed, the operating power of the fuel pump 2 may be obtained separately. Furthermore, it goes without saying that the present invention can also be applied to a forced air supply/exhaust type oil heater in which air is absorbed by a heat exchanger and then sent indoors by a blower.

As described above, in the present invention, when liquid fuel is heated in a vaporizer, atomized or atomized, and then combusted in a burner, gaseous fuel that does not need to be vaporized again is combusted at the beginning of operation, and the heat is used to burn the vaporizer. Since it is configured to heat to a specified temperature, heating can be performed at the same time as the start of operation, and there is no need to wait until the vaporizer is heated as in the conventional case. When the fuel starts to atomize, the switching mechanism stops the supply of gaseous fuel and at the same time supplies the liquid fuel, so there is no problem of incomplete combustion caused by supplying these at the same time, and from then on, the switching mechanism stops the supply of gaseous fuel and simultaneously supplies the liquid fuel. Combustion is performed using only fuel, and continuous combustion is achieved by heating the vaporizer above the burner with combustion heat. According to the present invention, the gaseous fuel and the liquid fuel are supplied to the burner through dedicated gas passages, sub nozzles, fuel passages, and main nozzles, respectively, so that the gaseous fuel is supplied to the burner without passing through the vaporizer. It is safe and burns properly to heat the carburetor, and fuels with completely different properties such as heat amount and pressure are ejected properly from the appropriate nozzle to ensure reliable and good combustion. It is possible to do so. In addition, the drive power for the fuel pump is supplied by the thermoelectromotive force generated by the thermocouple heated by the burner, so there is no need to fix the installation location, and the configuration can be carried and used anywhere. Not only is it extremely convenient, it can be used without consuming power because it does not require external power, and it can be provided at a low cost because it does not require a complicated electrical system. Furthermore, if the combustion goes out during combustion, the carburetor will no longer be heated and the fuel pump will also stop operating, so safety is high even without the need for special safety devices.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a schematic front view showing an embodiment of the present invention, Figs. 2 and 3 are enlarged partial cross-sectional views, Fig. 4 is a partial cross-sectional side view, Fig. 5 is a plan view of a thermocouple, and Fig. 6. 7 is a front view of the switching mechanism, FIGS. 7 and 8 are views showing its operating state, and FIG. 9 is a side view of the temperature adjustment mechanism. 1...Fuel tank, 2...Fuel pump, 3...
Fuel regulator, 4... Carburetor, 5... Gas cylinder,
6...Pressure regulator, 7...Opening/closing valve, 9...Burner, 1
0...Switching mechanism, 11...Temperature adjustment mechanism, 12
...Frame, 13...Thermocouple, 22,23...
Fuel passage, 24...Main nozzle, 33...Gas passage, 34...Subnozzle, 35...Opening/closing valve.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Fuel passages 22 and 23 that have a fuel pump 2, a carburetor 4, and an on-off valve 35 and send liquid fuel from the fuel tank 1 to the main nozzle 24 provided at the inlet of the burner 9.
and a gas passage 33 which has an on-off valve 7 and sends gaseous fuel to a sub-nozzle 34 provided at the inlet of the burner 9 in parallel with the main nozzle 24, and when the on-off valve 7 of the gas passage 33 is opened, the Fuel passage 22,2
The carburetor 4 is provided with a switching mechanism 10 that keeps the on-off valve 35 of the burner 9 in a closed state and causes the former on-off valve 7 to close and the latter on-off valve 35 to open in conjunction with each other. A liquid fuel combustion device characterized in that it is arranged upward. 2 Fuel passages 22 and 23 that have a fuel pump 2, a vaporizer 4, and an on-off valve 35 and send liquid fuel from the fuel tank 1 to the main nozzle 24 provided at the inlet of the burner 9.
and a gas passage 33 which has an on-off valve 7 and sends gaseous fuel to a sub-nozzle 34 provided at the inlet of the burner 9 in parallel with the main nozzle 24, and when the on-off valve 7 of the gas passage 33 is opened, the Fuel passage 22,2
a switching mechanism 10 that keeps the on-off valve 35 of No. 3 in a closed state and links the closing of the former on-off valve 7 and the opening of the latter on-off valve 35; and a thermoelectric generator that generates electric power to drive the fuel pump 2. 13, and the vaporizer 4 and the thermocouple 13 are arranged above the burner 9.