JPS6346119B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6346119B2 JPS6346119B2 JP8279878A JP8279878A JPS6346119B2 JP S6346119 B2 JPS6346119 B2 JP S6346119B2 JP 8279878 A JP8279878 A JP 8279878A JP 8279878 A JP8279878 A JP 8279878A JP S6346119 B2 JPS6346119 B2 JP S6346119B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- duty
- formula
- drive
- margin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 29
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 26
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 125000005337 azoxy group Chemical group [N+]([O-])(=N*)* 0.000 description 6
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004988 Nematic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 azoxy compound Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012769 display material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Liquid Crystal Substances (AREA)
- Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
Description
本発明は、液晶表示装置に使用する液晶組成物
に関する。
更に詳しくは、広い温度範囲にわたつてネマチ
ツク液晶相を示し、ダイナミツク駆動特性にすぐ
れた新規な液晶組成物に関する。
ねじれた配向を持つネマチツク液晶層に電界を
印加することによつて表示を行う、いわゆるツイ
ステイツドネマチツク表示体、あるいは母体とな
る液晶中に二色性を有する色素を混入し、電界を
印加することによつて表示を行う、いわゆるゲス
ト・ホスト効果を用いた表示体等に使用される液
晶組成物は、水分、空気、光、熱等の外的要因に
対して安定であると共に、使用される条件に適し
た液晶温度範囲を有し、駆動特性もすぐれている
ことが必要とされる。特に、近年液晶表示体の利
用が多くなると共に、液晶表示体使用装置の製
造・組立コスト等の面から液晶表示体をダイナミ
ツク駆動することが多くなつている。なぜならス
タテツク駆動では、表示を行う各表示セグメント
それぞれに対し1本のリード線を必要とするが、
ダイナミツク駆動を行えば必要なリード線の数は
おおよそ1/(デユーテイー比)と非常に少なく
なるためである。
従来、ダイナミツク駆動の液晶表示体に用いて
きた液晶組成物としては、一般式
〔式中、R及びR′はアルキル及びアルコキシ
基を示す〕で表わされる化合物をベースに他の化
合物を混合した、いわゆるアゾキシ系液晶組成物
や、一般式
〔式中、Rはアルキルあるいはアルコキシ基を
示す〕で表わされる化合ぶつをベースに他の化合
物を混合した、いわゆるビフエニル系液晶組成物
がある。
しかしながら、現在これらの液晶組成物は次の
ような欠点を有している。即ち、前者のアゾキシ
系液晶組成物においては、ダイナミツク駆動特性
は良好であるという長所を有しているが、ベース
となるアゾキシ化合物が可視部に吸収を持つてお
り、表示体とした時に黄色フイルターを用いて液
晶を保護し劣化を防がなければならない。そのた
め、表示体が黄色となり、見かけ上のコントラス
トが下がり、表示効果を著しく妨げている。
一方、後者のビフエニル系液晶組成物において
は、種々の外的要因に対して安定であり、表示体
とした時も黄色フイルター等不要で、白色の表示
を得ることが出来るという長所を有しているが、
ダイナミツク駆動特性が悪く、多桁駆動が困難で
あるという欠点を有していた。単にダイナミツク
駆動特性にのみ着目するならば、若干の添加物を
加えることで1〜2割程度の向上は可能である
が、粘性が上がつたり、低温特性が悪化したりし
て実用性に欠け、好ましくない。
本発明は上記欠点をなくし、各種外的要因にす
ぐれ、広い温度範囲にわたつてネマチツク液晶相
を有するダイナミツク特性にすぐれた新規な液晶
組成物を提供するものである。
本発明の液晶組成物は、
下記の一般式()で表わされる化合物の2種
以上を38.3〜39.8wt%、下記の一般式()で表
わされる化合物の2種以上を34.8〜46.8wt%、下
記の化学式()で表わされる化合物を9.5〜
18.0wt%、下記の化学式()で表わされる化合
物を5.4〜7.4wt%の割合でそれぞれ混合したこと
を特徴とする液晶組成物。
(式中、R1は炭素数3〜6個の直鎖アルキル
基、R2は炭素数1個又は2個の直鎖アルキル基
を示す。)
(式中、R3は炭素数2〜5個の直鎖アルキル
基を示す。)
()の化合物が38.3wt%未満でも又、39.8wt
%をこえても許容の駆動マージンの低下を招く。
()の化合物が34.8wt%未満でも、46.8wt%
をこえても許容の駆動マージンの低下を招く。
()の化合物が、9.5wt%未満では、中心電
圧が上がり、高動作電圧化を招き、18.0wt%をこ
えると許容の駆動マージンがとれない。
()の化合物が5.4wt%未満では、透明点が
下がり実用上好ましくなく、7.4wt%をこえると
許容のマージンがとれなくなる。
以下、実施例を述べ、次に実施例に従つて詳細
を説明する。
〔実施例〕
The present invention relates to a liquid crystal composition used in a liquid crystal display device. More specifically, the present invention relates to a novel liquid crystal composition that exhibits a nematic liquid crystal phase over a wide temperature range and has excellent dynamic drive characteristics. This is a so-called twisted nematic display device that performs display by applying an electric field to a nematic liquid crystal layer with a twisted orientation, or by mixing a dichroic dye into the liquid crystal matrix and applying an electric field. Liquid crystal compositions used in displays that use the so-called guest-host effect are stable against external factors such as moisture, air, light, and heat, and are It is necessary that the liquid crystal temperature range is suitable for the conditions in which the liquid crystal is used, and that the driving characteristics are also excellent. In particular, as the use of liquid crystal displays has increased in recent years, dynamic driving of liquid crystal displays has become common in view of manufacturing and assembly costs of devices using liquid crystal displays. This is because static drive requires one lead wire for each display segment that performs display.
This is because if dynamic driving is performed, the number of required lead wires will be very small to approximately 1/(duty ratio). Conventionally, the liquid crystal composition used for dynamically driven liquid crystal displays has the general formula So-called azoxy-based liquid crystal compositions, which are based on the compound represented by the formula [wherein R and R' represent alkyl and alkoxy groups] and mixed with other compounds, and the general formula There is a so-called biphenyl-based liquid crystal composition which is based on a compound represented by the formula [wherein R represents an alkyl or alkoxy group] and mixed with other compounds. However, these liquid crystal compositions currently have the following drawbacks. That is, the former azoxy-based liquid crystal composition has the advantage of good dynamic driving characteristics, but the azoxy compound that serves as the base has absorption in the visible region, and when used as a display material, it is difficult to use a yellow filter. must be used to protect the liquid crystal and prevent it from deteriorating. As a result, the display becomes yellow, the apparent contrast decreases, and the display effect is significantly hindered. On the other hand, the latter biphenyl-based liquid crystal composition is stable against various external factors, and has the advantage of being able to provide a white display without the need for a yellow filter when used as a display. There are, but
The disadvantage was that dynamic drive characteristics were poor and multi-digit drive was difficult. If we focus only on the dynamic drive characteristics, it is possible to improve them by about 10 to 20% by adding some additives, but this increases viscosity and deteriorates low-temperature characteristics, making it impractical. Missing, undesirable. The present invention eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks, and provides a novel liquid crystal composition which is excellent in resistance to various external factors and has excellent dynamic characteristics having a nematic liquid crystal phase over a wide temperature range. The liquid crystal composition of the present invention contains 38.3 to 39.8 wt% of two or more kinds of compounds represented by the following general formula (), 34.8 to 46.8 wt% of two or more kinds of compounds represented by the following general formula (), The compound represented by the following chemical formula () is 9.5~
18.0wt% and a compound represented by the following chemical formula () in a proportion of 5.4 to 7.4wt%, respectively. (In the formula, R 1 represents a straight chain alkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, and R 2 represents a straight chain alkyl group having 1 or 2 carbon atoms.) (In the formula, R 3 represents a straight chain alkyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms.) Even if the compound in () is less than 38.3wt%, it is also 39.8wt%.
Even if it exceeds %, the permissible drive margin will decrease. Even if the compound in () is less than 34.8wt%, it is still 46.8wt%
Even if the value exceeds 1, the permissible drive margin will be reduced. If the compound () is less than 9.5 wt%, the center voltage will increase, leading to a higher operating voltage, and if it exceeds 18.0 wt%, an acceptable drive margin cannot be achieved. If the compound () is less than 5.4 wt%, the clearing point decreases, which is not practical, and if it exceeds 7.4 wt%, an acceptable margin cannot be achieved. Examples will be described below, and then details will be explained according to the examples. 〔Example〕
【表】
上記実施中、化合物1〜10はそれぞれ
を示す。又、N−1点とは、各実施例において混
合した液晶組成物のネマチツク相−等方性液体の
転移温度である。なお、各実施例における液晶組
成物にツイステイツドネマチツクセルとし、−10
℃の低温槽中に1ケ月以上放置したが、全てのセ
ルにおいて液晶組成物はネマチツク相を保つてい
た。
中心電圧及び駆動マージンは、次のように定義
される。即ち、捩れ角94゜のツイステイツドネマ
チツクセルを作り、0℃において該セル正面から
明視方向へ10゜の角度から見ながら第1図に示す
ようなON波形を印加した時、1/2デユーテイ、
V−2V駆動の場合90%飽和、1/3デユーテイ、V
−3V駆動の場合は70%飽和に要する電圧をVONと
し、40℃において該セル正面から明視方向へ40゜
の角度から見ながら第2図に示すようなOFF波
形を印加した時、1/2デユーテイ、V−2V駆動及
び1/3デユーテイ、V−3V駆動共に10%飽和に要
する電圧をVOFFとすれば
(中心電圧)=VON+VOFF/2 〔〕
(駆動マージン)=1/2・VOFF−VON/(中心電圧)×
100
=VOFF−VON/VON+VOFF×100〔%〕
となる。
次に各実施例に従つて、比較例と対比しながら
説明をする。
比較例1,2は()式及び()式の化合物
のみを混合した液晶組成物であり、正の誘電異方
性を持つ()の化合物を約50及至70wt%含ん
でいる。駆動マージンは1/2デユーテイ、V−2V
駆動で約9及至11%、1/3デユーテイ、V−3V駆
動で約5及至7%であり、かなり良い値を示して
いる。参考までに他系統の液晶組成物の駆動マー
ジンは、アゾキシ系の場合、1/2デユーテイ、V
−2V駆動で12〜13%、1/3デユーテイ、V−3V
駆動で8〜9%であり、ビフエニル系の場合に
は、1/2デユーテイ、V−2V駆動で7〜8%、1/
3デユーテイ、V−3V駆動で2〜3%である。
比較例3は、比較例に相当する組成物に()
式で表わされる化合物を添加したもので、1/2デ
ユーテイ、V−2V、1/3デユーテイ、V−3Vと
を中心電圧は下つているものの、駆動マージンが
低下しているもので、従来のものを単独で加えた
効果しか現れていない。
比較例4は、比較例2に相当する組成物に
()式で表わされる化合物を添加したものであ
り、N−1点が上昇するとともに駆動マージンは
やや上昇するもので、従来のものを単独で添加し
た効果しか現れていない。
実施例1は、比較例3の液晶組成物に相当する
ものに()式の化合物を添加したもので、()
式の化合物を加えても従来のものと中心電圧はほ
とんど変わらず、それ以上に駆動マージンを高め
る相乗効果があり、しかもN−1点を上昇させる
ことにより更に広範囲の使用条件で用いることが
出来、その効果は非常に大きい。
このことは、実施例2についても同じことがい
える。さらに、()式、()式の化合物の量を
調節することで駆動マージンを低下することな
く、微妙な中心電圧調節が可能なことを示したも
ので、同時に6成分程度の化合物種類で十分満足
のいく特性が得られることも示してい(通常、ア
ゾキシ系では4〜5成分、ビフエニル系では7〜
10成分程度である。)
比較例、1,2,3及4と、実施例1,2を比
較すると、()式で表わされる化合物及び()
式で表わされる化合物及び()式で表わされる
化合物を同時に添加することで相乗効果が顕著に
現われ、1/2デユーテイのV−2Vの駆動マージン
は約12〜13%となり、1/3デユーテイのV−3Vの
駆動マージンは8.6〜9.7%となり、駆動マージン
の最もよいとされるアゾキシ系と同等か、それ以
上の駆動マージンが得られることがわかる。
以上詳述したように、本発明によれば、
を所定の割合で混合することにより、1/2デユー
テイ、V−2Vの駆動マージンは12.4〜12.9%とな
り、1/3デユーテイ、V−3Vの駆動マージンは
8.6〜9.7となり、さらに中心電圧も上昇させるこ
となく、むしろ下げる働きを有した相乗効果を有
するものであり、ダイナミツク特性にすぐれた白
色の液晶組成物を提供することができる。
又、本明細書ではとくに本発明による液晶組成
物のダイナミツク特性について述べたが、スタテ
イツク特性においても、従来の液晶組成物と比較
してもすぐれた面を有しており(例えば、0〜40
℃の温度範囲での90%飽和に要する電圧の変動
は、本発明の液晶組成物:7〜9mv/℃、アゾキ
シ系:5〜7mv/℃、ビフエニル系:11〜
13mv/℃である)、各種の液晶表示体に用いる液
晶組成物として本発明による液晶表示体は、広範
な適応性を有している。[Table] During the above implementation, compounds 1 to 10 were shows. The N-1 point is the nematic phase-isotropic liquid transition temperature of the liquid crystal compositions mixed in each example. In addition, the liquid crystal composition in each example was Twisted Nematic Oxel, and -10
Although the cells were left in a low-temperature chamber at .degree. C. for more than one month, the liquid crystal compositions maintained a nematic phase in all cells. The center voltage and drive margin are defined as follows. That is, when a twisted-state nematic cell with a torsion angle of 94° is made and an ON waveform as shown in Fig. 1 is applied at 0°C while viewing from the front of the cell at a 10° angle in the bright viewing direction, 1/ 2 duty,
For V-2V drive, 90% saturation, 1/3 duty, V
In the case of -3V drive, the voltage required for 70% saturation is set to V ON , and when an OFF waveform as shown in Figure 2 is applied at 40°C and viewed from the front of the cell at a 40° angle in the clear viewing direction, 1 /2 duty, V-2V drive and 1/3 duty, V-3V drive, if the voltage required for 10% saturation is V OFF (center voltage) = V ON + V OFF /2 [] (drive margin) = 1 /2・V OFF −V ON /(center voltage)×
100 = V OFF −V ON /V ON +V OFF ×100 [%]. Next, each example will be explained while being compared with a comparative example. Comparative Examples 1 and 2 are liquid crystal compositions in which only the compounds of the formula () and the formula () are mixed, and contain about 50 to 70 wt% of the compound of the formula () having positive dielectric anisotropy. Drive margin is 1/2 duty, V-2V
It is about 9 to 11% when driven, and about 5 to 7% when driven at 1/3 duty and V-3V, which is a fairly good value. For reference, the drive margin of other types of liquid crystal compositions is 1/2 duty, V in the case of azoxy type.
-2V drive 12~13%, 1/3 duty, V-3V
In case of biphenyl type, 1/2 duty, 7 to 8% in V-2V drive, 1/2 duty.
3 duty, 2 to 3% with V-3V drive. Comparative Example 3 is a composition corresponding to Comparative Example ()
The compound represented by the formula is added, and although the center voltage is lower at 1/2 duty, V-2V, 1/3 duty, and V-3V, the drive margin is lower than the conventional one. Only the effect of adding one thing alone is visible. Comparative Example 4 is a composition corresponding to Comparative Example 2 in which the compound represented by the formula ( Only the effect of adding it is visible. Example 1 was obtained by adding a compound of the formula () to a liquid crystal composition corresponding to the liquid crystal composition of Comparative Example 3.
Even if the compound of the formula is added, the center voltage is almost the same as that of the conventional one, and it has a synergistic effect to further increase the drive margin.Furthermore, by increasing the N-1 point, it can be used under a wider range of usage conditions. , the effect is very large. The same can be said for the second embodiment. Furthermore, by adjusting the amounts of the compounds of formulas () and (), we showed that it is possible to finely adjust the center voltage without reducing the drive margin, and at the same time, it is sufficient to use about 6 types of compounds. It has also been shown that satisfactory properties can be obtained (usually 4 to 5 components for azoxy series and 7 to 5 components for biphenyl series).
It has about 10 ingredients. ) Comparing Comparative Examples 1, 2, 3 and 4 with Examples 1 and 2, it was found that the compounds represented by the formula () and ()
By simultaneously adding the compound represented by the formula and the compound represented by the formula (), a remarkable synergistic effect appears, and the driving margin of 1/2 duty V-2V is approximately 12 to 13%, and the driving margin of 1/3 duty is approximately 12 to 13%. The drive margin for V-3V is 8.6 to 9.7%, indicating that a drive margin equal to or greater than that of the azoxy type, which is said to have the best drive margin, can be obtained. As detailed above, according to the present invention, By mixing at a predetermined ratio, the drive margin for 1/2 duty and V-2V will be 12.4 to 12.9%, and the drive margin for 1/3 duty and V-3V will be 12.4 to 12.9%.
8.6 to 9.7, which has a synergistic effect of lowering the center voltage rather than increasing it, making it possible to provide a white liquid crystal composition with excellent dynamic characteristics. Further, in this specification, the dynamic properties of the liquid crystal composition according to the present invention have been particularly described, but the static properties are also superior compared to conventional liquid crystal compositions (for example, 0 to 40
The fluctuation in voltage required for 90% saturation in the temperature range of ℃ is 7 to 9 mv/℃ for the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, 5 to 7 mv/℃ for azoxy type, and 11 to 7 mv/℃ for biphenyl type.
13 mv/°C), the liquid crystal display according to the present invention has wide applicability as a liquid crystal composition for use in various liquid crystal displays.
第1図及び第2図は、本発明の実施例における
液晶組成物のダイナミツク特性を測定するために
用いた駆動波形を示す図で、それぞれ、第1図a
…1/2デユーテイ、V−2V、ON、第1図b…1/3
デユーテイ、V−3V、ON第2図……1/2デユー
テイ、V−2V及び1/3デユーテイ、V−3Vの
OFF波形、を示す。
1 and 2 are diagrams showing driving waveforms used to measure the dynamic characteristics of a liquid crystal composition in an example of the present invention.
…1/2 duty, V-2V, ON, Fig. 1 b…1/3
Duty, V-3V, ON Fig. 2...1/2 duty, V-2V and 1/3 duty, V-3V
The OFF waveform is shown.
Claims (1)
種以上を38.3〜39.8wt%、下記の一般式()で
表わされる化合物の2種以上を34.8〜46.8wt%、
下記の化学式()で表わされる化合物を9.5〜
18.0wt%、下記の化学式()で表わされる化合
物を5.4〜7.4wt%の割合でそれぞれ混合したこと
を特徴とする液晶組成物。 (式中、R1は炭素数3〜6個の直鎖アルキル
基、R2は炭素数1個又は2個の直鎖アルキル基
を示す。) (式中、R3は炭素数2〜5個の直鎖アルキル
基を示す。) [Claims] 1. 2 of the compound represented by the following general formula ()
38.3 to 39.8 wt% of one or more types of compounds, 34.8 to 46.8 wt% of two or more types of compounds represented by the following general formula (),
The compound represented by the following chemical formula () is 9.5~
18.0wt% and a compound represented by the following chemical formula () in a proportion of 5.4 to 7.4wt%, respectively. (In the formula, R 1 represents a straight chain alkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, and R 2 represents a straight chain alkyl group having 1 or 2 carbon atoms.) (In the formula, R 3 represents a straight chain alkyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms.)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP8279878A JPS559665A (en) | 1978-07-07 | 1978-07-07 | Liquid crystal composition |
US06/328,155 US4525033A (en) | 1978-06-08 | 1981-12-07 | Liquid crystal compound and compositions containing same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP8279878A JPS559665A (en) | 1978-07-07 | 1978-07-07 | Liquid crystal composition |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS559665A JPS559665A (en) | 1980-01-23 |
JPS6346119B2 true JPS6346119B2 (en) | 1988-09-13 |
Family
ID=13784419
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP8279878A Granted JPS559665A (en) | 1978-06-08 | 1978-07-07 | Liquid crystal composition |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS559665A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5483694A (en) * | 1977-12-16 | 1979-07-03 | Hitachi Ltd | Nematic liquid crystal body for display device |
US4323471A (en) * | 1980-12-11 | 1982-04-06 | Timex Corporation | Liquid crystal composition |
JPH1055903A (en) | 1996-08-09 | 1998-02-24 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Electronic component structure |
-
1978
- 1978-07-07 JP JP8279878A patent/JPS559665A/en active Granted
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS559665A (en) | 1980-01-23 |
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