JPS63305754A - Switching regulator circuit - Google Patents
Switching regulator circuitInfo
- Publication number
- JPS63305754A JPS63305754A JP13949187A JP13949187A JPS63305754A JP S63305754 A JPS63305754 A JP S63305754A JP 13949187 A JP13949187 A JP 13949187A JP 13949187 A JP13949187 A JP 13949187A JP S63305754 A JPS63305754 A JP S63305754A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- switching
- input voltage
- pulse width
- voltage
- section
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003079 width control Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000010485 coping Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
(発明の属する技術分野)
本発明は出力電圧の変動に応じてそのスイッチング部の
パルス幅を制御して出力電圧の安定化を行うスイッチン
グレギュレータ回路特に軽負荷の状態が多く、また入力
電圧の変化範囲が広い場合に適するスイッチングレギュ
レータ回路に関するものである。Detailed Description of the Invention (Technical Field to which the Invention Pertains) The present invention relates to a switching regulator circuit that stabilizes the output voltage by controlling the pulse width of the switching section according to fluctuations in the output voltage, especially in light load conditions. This invention relates to a switching regulator circuit that is suitable for applications where the input voltage has a wide variation range.
(従来技術)
従来のスイッチングレギュレータ回路は第2図(a)に
その系統図を示すように、出力電圧に対応してパルス幅
制御部Cを介してスイッチング部Aを調整してその整流
平滑回路Bの出力電圧の安定化を行っている。このため
入力電圧が高く、また負荷電流が少ない場合には、その
スイッチングパルス幅が狭(なり、回路の全損失に占め
るスイッチング損失が相対的に増大し総合効率が低下す
る欠点がある。(Prior Art) As shown in the system diagram in FIG. 2(a), the conventional switching regulator circuit adjusts the switching section A via the pulse width control section C in accordance with the output voltage, and then converts the rectifying and smoothing circuit into a rectifying and smoothing circuit. The output voltage of B is stabilized. Therefore, when the input voltage is high and the load current is small, the switching pulse width becomes narrow, and the switching loss that accounts for the total loss of the circuit increases relatively, resulting in a decrease in overall efficiency.
次に第2図(ロ)のスイッチング波形図を用いて説明す
れば、第2図(a)の回路の損失はスイッチング周期T
の各区間a、b、c、d の損失を加えたもので、a、
C区間がスイッチング区間、b区間がON区間、dがO
FF区間である。そして入力電圧が高(、負荷電流が少
ない場合はd区間が長(、b区間が短くなる。また区間
a、b、cにおける損失に比較して区間dの損失は極め
て小さい、このため区間すが短くなると区間すに比較し
て区間a、。Next, to explain using the switching waveform diagram in FIG. 2(b), the loss in the circuit in FIG. 2(a) is determined by the switching period T.
It is the sum of the losses for each interval a, b, c, d of a,
Section C is the switching section, section b is the ON section, and d is O.
This is the FF section. When the input voltage is high (and the load current is small, section d is long (and section b is short). Also, the loss in section d is extremely small compared to the loss in sections a, b, and c. When becomes shorter, the interval A becomes shorter than the interval A.
Cが相対的に長くなり、全区間での総合損失に占めるa
、c区間の損失の割合が大きくなり、総合効率が低下す
る。そしてこのことは特に軽負荷の状態が多く、また入
力電圧の変動範囲が広い場合には甚だ好ましくないとこ
ろである。C becomes relatively long, and a accounts for the total loss in the entire section.
, the percentage of loss in section c increases, and the overall efficiency decreases. This is particularly undesirable when the load is often light and the input voltage has a wide fluctuation range.
(発明の具体的な目的)
本発明は従来のようなスイッチングパルス幅の制御のみ
によって出力電圧の安定化を行うスイッチングレギュレ
ータにおける欠点すなわち高入力電圧時および軽負荷時
の総合効率の低下を防止することを目的とするもので、
検出出力電圧によってパルス幅制御を行い出力電圧の安
定化を行うと共に、高入力電圧時、または軽負荷時これ
に対応してスイッチング周波数を低下して総合効率の低
下を防止することを特徴とするもので、以下実施例につ
いて本発明の詳細な説明する。(Specific Object of the Invention) The present invention prevents the drawbacks of conventional switching regulators that stabilize the output voltage only by controlling the switching pulse width, that is, the decrease in overall efficiency at high input voltages and light loads. The purpose is to
The output voltage is stabilized by controlling the pulse width based on the detected output voltage, and the switching frequency is lowered in response to high input voltage or light load to prevent a decrease in overall efficiency. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to Examples.
(発明の構成および作用)
第1図(a)はプッシュプルスイッチングレギュレータ
における本発明の一実施例回路の系統図で、図において
QlおよびQ、はスイッチングを行なうトランジスタ、
Tはスイッチングされた電力を伝送し、同時に必要な変
圧を行なうためのトランスで、これらでスイッチング部
Aを形成する。また、D、およびD2は整流用ダイオー
ド、LlおよびC6は平滑用のチョークコイルおよびコ
ンデンサで、これらで整流平滑部Bを形成する0次に1
はパルス幅制御を行なうために必要な鋸歯状波発生器、
2はこの鋸歯状波発生器1にスイッチング周波数すなわ
ち周期を決定するための他の高周波電力を供給する入力
電圧や負荷電流に対応して、その発振周波数が制御され
る電圧制御発振器、3は基準電圧■□、と出力電圧との
差電圧を増幅する誤差増幅器、4は誤差増幅器3の出力
と鋸歯状波発生器lの出力との差を取出す比較器、5は
比較器4の出力をトランジスタQ、、Q、の駆動に適す
る信号に変換するためのドライバで、これら1゜2、3
.4.5でパルス幅制御部Cを形成する。(Structure and operation of the invention) FIG. 1(a) is a system diagram of a circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention in a push-pull switching regulator, in which Ql and Q are transistors that perform switching;
T is a transformer for transmitting switched power and at the same time performing necessary voltage transformation, and these form a switching section A. Further, D and D2 are rectifying diodes, and Ll and C6 are smoothing choke coils and capacitors, which form the rectifying and smoothing part B.
is the sawtooth wave generator required to perform pulse width control,
2 is a voltage-controlled oscillator whose oscillation frequency is controlled in response to the input voltage and load current that supply other high-frequency power for determining the switching frequency or cycle of the sawtooth wave generator 1; 3 is a reference; An error amplifier amplifies the difference voltage between the voltage ■□ and the output voltage; 4 is a comparator that takes out the difference between the output of the error amplifier 3 and the output of the sawtooth wave generator l; 5 is a transistor that converts the output of the comparator 4 This is a driver for converting signals suitable for driving Q, ,Q, and these 1゜2, 3
.. The pulse width control section C is formed in step 4.5.
第1図(ロ)は第1図の各部の電圧波形例を示すもので
、横軸は時間である。aは入力電圧で、11は電圧が高
くなった時点を示す、bは電圧制御発振器2の出力波形
で、12.13はそれぞれ入力電圧が低い場合と高い場
合の周期を示す、Cは鋸歯状波発生器lの出力波形、d
は比較器4の入力波形すなわち破線は鋸歯状波発生器の
出力波形を、実線は誤差増幅器3の出力波形を示す、e
は比較器4の出力波形、fはQ、のコレクタ波形、gは
整流出力波形、hは出力電圧波形を示す。FIG. 1(B) shows an example of a voltage waveform at each part in FIG. 1, and the horizontal axis represents time. a is the input voltage, 11 indicates the point at which the voltage becomes high, b is the output waveform of the voltage controlled oscillator 2, 12.13 indicates the period when the input voltage is low and high, respectively, C is the sawtooth shape Output waveform of wave generator l, d
is the input waveform of the comparator 4, the broken line is the output waveform of the sawtooth wave generator, and the solid line is the output waveform of the error amplifier 3, e
is the output waveform of the comparator 4, f is the collector waveform of Q, g is the rectified output waveform, and h is the output voltage waveform.
以上の説明から明らかなように本発明の回路はその構成
において従来のスイッチングレギュレータと大差なく、
鋸歯状波発生器の発振器が従来は固定周波数発振のもの
であるのに対し、本発明では発振周波数が入力電圧や負
荷電流によって制御されて変化する制御発振器であると
言う相異があ゛る。またその作用においては出力電圧に
応じてスイッチングパルス幅を制御して出力電圧を一定
に調整する本来の作用においては全く異なるところはな
いが、入力電圧が高くなると、あるいは負荷が少なくな
るとスイッチング周期が長くなると云う重要な相異があ
る。そして、これらの相異は次のような顕著なすぐれた
効果をもたらすものである。As is clear from the above explanation, the circuit of the present invention is not much different from the conventional switching regulator in its configuration.
The oscillator of the sawtooth wave generator is conventionally a fixed frequency oscillator, but the present invention is different in that it is a controlled oscillator whose oscillation frequency is controlled and varied by the input voltage and load current. . In addition, there is no difference in the original function of controlling the switching pulse width according to the output voltage to keep the output voltage constant, but as the input voltage increases or the load decreases, the switching period changes. The important difference is that it is longer. These differences bring about the following remarkable effects.
(効果)
すなわちスイッチングレギュレータの総合効率は回路の
総合損失に関係し、そしてこれはスイッチングトランジ
スタにおける損失と負荷電流に関係する損失との合計で
あるが、後者は負荷電流のみに関係し入力電圧には無関
係であるが、前者は周知のように入力電圧やスイッチン
グ周波数に比例する。従って、総合効率の向上を図るた
めにはこのスイッチングトランジスタにおける損失を少
なくする外はなく、特にバースト通信用無線機や、ブレ
ストーク方式の無線機で特に送信時間の短いもののよう
に全負荷の状態が短く、殆ど軽負荷の状態が多く、また
入力電圧の変動範囲が広い比較的小容量のスイッチング
レギュレータにおいては、その装置の小形軽量化や放熱
器の小形化に重大な影響を及ぼすものとして総合損失の
増大を防止することは重要事項であるが、本発明はこれ
をスイッチング周波数の低減によって極めて簡単に達成
しうることは説明を要しないもので、実用に供してすぐ
れた効果を発揮するものである。(Effect) In other words, the overall efficiency of a switching regulator is related to the overall loss of the circuit, and this is the sum of the loss in the switching transistor and the loss related to the load current, but the latter is related only to the load current and is dependent on the input voltage. is unrelated, but the former is proportional to the input voltage and switching frequency, as is well known. Therefore, in order to improve the overall efficiency, the only way to improve the overall efficiency is to reduce the loss in this switching transistor.Especially in burst communication radio equipment or breathtalk radio equipment, which has a particularly short transmission time, it is necessary to reduce the loss in this switching transistor. For relatively small-capacity switching regulators that have a short period of time, are often under light load conditions, and have a wide range of input voltage fluctuations, overall Preventing the increase in loss is an important matter, and it is unnecessary to explain that this invention can be achieved extremely easily by reducing the switching frequency, and the present invention exhibits excellent effects in practical use. It is.
第1図(a)(b)は本発明の一実施例回路の系統図、
およびその各部の出力波形図、第2図(a)Φ)は従来
のスイッチングレギュレータの系統図およびスイッチン
グ波形図を示す。
Q、、Q、・・・スイッチングトランジスタ、T・・・
変圧器、 D I、 D z・・・整流用ダイオード、
L、C・・・平滑用チョークコイルとコンデンサ、1・
・・鋸歯状波発生器、 2・・・電圧制御発振器、3・
・・基準電圧と出力電圧との差電圧を増幅する誤差増幅
器、 4・・・比較器、 5・・・ドライバ、A・・・
スイッチング部、 B・・・整流平滑部、C・・・パル
ス幅制御部。
!!11 図 (a)FIGS. 1(a) and 1(b) are system diagrams of a circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 2(a) Φ) shows a system diagram and a switching waveform diagram of a conventional switching regulator. Q,,Q,...switching transistor, T...
Transformer, DI, Dz... rectifier diode,
L, C... Smoothing choke coil and capacitor, 1.
... sawtooth wave generator, 2 ... voltage controlled oscillator, 3.
...Error amplifier that amplifies the difference voltage between the reference voltage and the output voltage, 4...Comparator, 5...Driver, A...
Switching section, B... Rectification and smoothing section, C... Pulse width control section. ! ! 11 Figure (a)
Claims (1)
整流平滑部と、上記スイッチング部のパルス幅制御部と
よりなり、そのパルス幅制御により出力電圧の安定化を
行うスイッチングレギュレータ回路において、そのパル
ス幅制御部の構成要素である鋸歯状波発生器用発振器と
してその発振周波数が入力電圧や負荷電流に応じて制御
されるものを用いたことを特徴とするスイッチングレギ
ュレータ回路。a switching section using a switching transistor;
In a switching regulator circuit that is composed of a rectifying and smoothing section and a pulse width control section of the switching section, and stabilizing the output voltage by controlling the pulse width, an oscillator for a sawtooth wave generator is a component of the pulse width control section. A switching regulator circuit characterized in that the oscillation frequency is controlled according to input voltage and load current.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP13949187A JPS63305754A (en) | 1987-06-03 | 1987-06-03 | Switching regulator circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP13949187A JPS63305754A (en) | 1987-06-03 | 1987-06-03 | Switching regulator circuit |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS63305754A true JPS63305754A (en) | 1988-12-13 |
JPH0359667B2 JPH0359667B2 (en) | 1991-09-11 |
Family
ID=15246500
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP13949187A Granted JPS63305754A (en) | 1987-06-03 | 1987-06-03 | Switching regulator circuit |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS63305754A (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH01160359A (en) * | 1987-12-16 | 1989-06-23 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | Controlling method for dc/dc converter |
WO2000059103A1 (en) * | 1999-03-26 | 2000-10-05 | Sarnoff Corporation | A low power dissipation power supply and controller |
US7102903B2 (en) | 2001-10-04 | 2006-09-05 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Drive apparatus, control method for the drive apparatus, storage medium storing a program controlling the drive apparatus, and power output apparatus |
EP2317634A3 (en) * | 2009-09-17 | 2011-05-25 | Linear Technology Corporation | Dc/dc converter having a fast and accurate average current limit |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9397579B2 (en) | 2011-07-15 | 2016-07-19 | O2Micro Inc | Full-bridge switching DC/DC converters and controllers thereof |
US8737099B2 (en) | 2011-07-15 | 2014-05-27 | O2Micro, Inc. | Controllers for power converters |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS59132774A (en) * | 1983-01-18 | 1984-07-30 | Fujitsu Ltd | Constant voltage DC power supply circuit |
-
1987
- 1987-06-03 JP JP13949187A patent/JPS63305754A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS59132774A (en) * | 1983-01-18 | 1984-07-30 | Fujitsu Ltd | Constant voltage DC power supply circuit |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH01160359A (en) * | 1987-12-16 | 1989-06-23 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | Controlling method for dc/dc converter |
WO2000059103A1 (en) * | 1999-03-26 | 2000-10-05 | Sarnoff Corporation | A low power dissipation power supply and controller |
US6295217B1 (en) | 1999-03-26 | 2001-09-25 | Sarnoff Corporation | Low power dissipation power supply and controller |
US7102903B2 (en) | 2001-10-04 | 2006-09-05 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Drive apparatus, control method for the drive apparatus, storage medium storing a program controlling the drive apparatus, and power output apparatus |
EP2317634A3 (en) * | 2009-09-17 | 2011-05-25 | Linear Technology Corporation | Dc/dc converter having a fast and accurate average current limit |
US8421432B2 (en) | 2009-09-17 | 2013-04-16 | Linear Technology Corporation | DC/DC converter having a fast and accurate average current limit |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH0359667B2 (en) | 1991-09-11 |
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