JPS63249568A - Pumping drive apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Object of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention provides a pumping device that pumps another fluid by alternately applying positive and negative driving fluid pressures.
The present invention relates to a pumping drive device that alternately supplies positive and negative drive fluid pressures, and particularly relates to drive pressure control of a drive device that applies positive and negative drive fluid pressures for pumping an artificial heart.

(Prior Art) For example, an artificial heart drive device disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 57-52141 alternately supplies air at a predetermined positive pressure and suction pressure at a predetermined negative pressure to an artificial heart. The discharge air of the air compressor is supplied to the positive pressure accumulator via the first positive pressure on-off valve, the pressure of the positive pressure accumulator is detected by the pressure sensor, and the pressure of the positive pressure accumulator is detected so that the pressure of the positive pressure accumulator is within a predetermined pressure range. 1 The positive pressure on/off valve is controlled to be on/off. Positive pressure air from the positive pressure accumulator is supplied to the artificial heart via the second positive pressure on/off valve by opening the second positive pressure on/off valve during the contraction period of the artificial heart. On the other hand, the negative pressure of the decompressor (vacuum pulling device) is applied to the negative pressure accumulator via the first negative pressure on-off valve, the pressure of the negative pressure accumulator is detected by the pressure sensor, and the pressure of the negative pressure accumulator is within a predetermined pressure range. As shown in , the first negative pressure on/off valve is turned on/off.
Controlled off.

The negative pressure of the negative pressure accumulator is applied to the artificial heart via the second negative pressure on/off valve by opening the second negative pressure on/off valve during the expansion period of the artificial heart.

The alternating positive and negative pressures applied to the artificial heart are substantially equal to the pressures of the positive and negative pressure accumulators, respectively. That is, the first positive pressure on/off valve, the first negative pressure on/off valve, the positive pressure sensor, and the negative pressure sensor are used to determine the contraction drive positive pressure and the expansion drive negative pressure, and the second positive pressure on/off valve and the second negative pressure An on-off valve alternately switches and supplies the positive pressure and negative pressure to the artificial heart.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) When the capacity of the positive and negative pressure accumulator is large, the drop in the internal pressure of the accumulator is small when the second positive and negative pressure on/off valve is switched from closed to open. Fluctuations in the first artificial heart supply pressure due to opening and closing of the first positive and negative pressure opening/closing valves are small. but,
If the capacity of the accumulator is reduced or if the accumulator is omitted, overhunting will increase when the pressure applied to the artificial heart rises to a predetermined pressure after the second opening/closing valve fails to switch from closed to open. There are large fluctuations in the artificial heart supply pressure due to the opening and closing of the valve for pressure regulation. Therefore, in the above conventional example, the accumulator is
cc capacity to reduce overhunting when the pressure applied to the artificial heart rises to a predetermined pressure after the second on-off valve switches from closed to open, and by opening and closing the first on-off valve for pressure regulation. Reduces fluctuations in artificial heart supply pressure. If the capacity of the accumulator is about 300 cc or less, the fluctuations in the pressure applied to the artificial heart during the contraction and expansion periods will be too large.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a pumping drive device in which fluctuations in the pressure supplied to the pumping device are small and the capacity of the accumulator can be reduced or the accumulator can be substantially omitted.

[Structure of the invention]

(Means for Solving the Problems) To achieve the above object, the pumping drive device of the first invention of the present application includes: a positive pressure opening/closing device inserted between the drive chamber of the pumping device and a positive pressure fluid source; Valve device: a negative pressure on-off valve device inserted between the drive chamber of the pumping device and a negative pressure source. pressure detection means for detecting fluid pressure; and during a set contraction period of the pumping device, while the pressure detected by the pressure detection means is equal to or lower than a first predetermined value, the positive pressure on-off valve device is operated continuously; 1. When the pressure exceeds a predetermined value, the positive pressure on-off valve device is opened and closed at a predetermined duty, and during the set expansion period of the pumping device, the pressure detected by the pressure detection means is a second predetermined value lower than the first predetermined value. During the contraction period, the negative pressure on/off valve device is continuously operated, and when the value becomes less than a second predetermined value, the negative pressure on/off valve device is opened and closed at a predetermined duty. The pressure on/off valve device is opened to apply pressure from a positive pressure accumulator (a positive pressure source when there is no accumulator) to the pumping device, but the pressure detection means detects the pressure applied to the pumping device, and the pressure regulation control means controls the pressure. When the pressure detected by the detection means is below a first predetermined value, the positive pressure on-off valve device is continuously operated, when it exceeds the first predetermined value, it is closed, and when it is less than the first predetermined value, the positive pressure on-off valve device is opened and closed at a predetermined duty.

Therefore, in the contraction period, the positive pressure on-off valve device opens,
Until the negative pressure on-off valve device is closed and the pressure in the drive chamber of the pumping device reaches the first predetermined value, the pressure applied to the drive chamber increases rapidly while the positive pressure on-off valve device continues. 1st
When the predetermined value is reached, the positive pressure opening/closing valve device opens and closes with a predetermined duty, so that the pressure rise is gradual and overhunting of the positive pressure does not occur.

During the expansion period, the positive pressure on-off valve device is closed and the negative pressure on-off valve device is opened to apply pressure from the negative pressure accumulator (or negative pressure source when there is no such device) to the pumping device; The pressure detection means detects the pressure, and the pressure regulation control means sets the negative pressure on-off valve device to a continuous state when the pressure detected by the pressure detection means is equal to or higher than a second predetermined value, and sets the negative pressure on-off valve device to a predetermined duty when the pressure is less than the second predetermined value. Open and close. ,therefore.

During the expansion period, the negative pressure on-off valve device is opened, the positive pressure on-off valve device is closed, and the g of the pumping device and the pressure of the moving chamber are at the second level.
Until the pressure decreases to a predetermined value, the pressure applied to the drive chamber rapidly decreases while the negative pressure opening/closing valve device continues. When the second predetermined value is reached, the negative pressure opening/closing valve device opens and closes at a predetermined duty, so that the pressure drop becomes gradual and negative pressure overhunting does not occur.

Therefore, the conventional first positive pressure on-off valve for pressure regulation and the first
The negative pressure on/off valve can be omitted, and even if the positive and negative pressure accumulators have small capacities or are omitted, the pressure (absolute value) of these accumulators (or pressure sources) can be used to drive the pumping device. A predetermined pressure can be supplied to the pumping device by being relatively higher than the pressure.

In a second invention of the present application that achieves the above object, there is provided a positive pressure on-off valve device for supplying positive pressure fluid to a pumping device; A positive pressure regulating valve device that opens and closes a flow path and adjusts the fluid pressure supplied from the positive pressure fluid source to the positive pressure on/off valve device; a fluid pressure between the positive pressure regulating valve device and the positive pressure on/off valve device; First pressure detection means for detecting; negative pressure on-off valve device for supplying negative pressure to the pumping device; located between a negative pressure source and the negative pressure on-off valve device to open and close the fluid passage between them; a negative pressure regulating valve device that adjusts the negative pressure supplied from a pressure source to the negative pressure switching valve device; a second pressure detection means that detects fluid pressure between the negative pressure regulating valve device and the negative pressure switching valve device; While the detected pressure of the first pressure detection means is below a first predetermined value, the positive pressure regulating valve device is continuously operated, and when the pressure exceeds the first predetermined value, the positive pressure regulating valve device is opened and closed at a predetermined duty, and the second pressure is increased. When the detected pressure of the detection means is equal to or higher than a second predetermined value that is smaller than the first predetermined value, the negative pressure regulating valve device is operated continuously, and when the pressure falls below the second predetermined value, the negative pressure regulating valve device is opened and closed at a predetermined duty. pressure control means; and during a set contraction period of the pumping device, the positive pressure on-off valve device is opened and the negative pressure on-off valve device is closed;
Pressure switching control means for closing the positive pressure on-off valve device and opening the negative pressure on-off valve device during the expansion period.

(Function) During the contraction period, the pressure switching control means opens the positive pressure on-off valve device and closes the negative pressure on-off valve device, so that positive pressure is supplied to the drive chamber of the pumping device. Further, during the expansion period, the pressure switching control means closes the positive pressure on-off valve device and opens the negative pressure on-off valve device, so that negative pressure is supplied to the drive chamber of the pumping device. Such operation is similar to the conventional example described above. Further, the mechanical elements are also similar to those of the conventional example described above, but the following points are different.

That is, when the pressure in the positive pressure accumulator (or the position corresponding to the position when there is no such accumulator) is below the first predetermined value, the pressure regulating control means continuously opens the positive pressure regulating valve device so that the pressure exceeds the first predetermined value. and opens and closes the positive pressure regulating valve device at a predetermined duty. As a result, when the pressure in the positive pressure accumulator rapidly decreases due to the positive pressure on/off valve being closed and opened, the pressure in the positive pressure accumulator is quickly restored and no overshoot occurs. When the pressure of the negative pressure accumulator (the position corresponding to the position when there is no accumulator) is equal to or higher than the second predetermined value, the pressure regulating control means continuously opens the negative pressure regulating valve device, and when the pressure becomes less than the second predetermined value, the negative pressure accumulator is continuously opened. The pressure regulating valve device is opened and closed at a predetermined duty. As a result, when the pressure of the negative pressure accumulator rapidly increases (the negative pressure decreases) due to closing and opening of the negative pressure on/off valve, the negative pressure of the negative pressure accumulator is quickly returned to negative pressure, and overshoot does not occur.

Therefore, even if the positive and negative pressure accumulators are of small capacity or omitted, the pressure of these accumulators (or pressure sources) can be made relatively higher than the pressure for driving the pumping device. , may supply a predetermined pressure to the pumping device.

Other objects and features of the invention of the present application will become clear from the following description of embodiments with reference to the drawings.

(Example 1) FIG. 1 shows an example of the present invention. This example is an artificial heart drive device. In the right artificial heart 1111R and the left artificial heart 11L, a flexible membrane separates a suction chamber that sucks biological blood and a drive chamber that introduces driving air. There is a check valve between the suction chamber and the blood suction pipe that allows fluid to flow back from the pipe to the suction chamber but prevents the reverse flow, and between the suction chamber and the blood discharge pipe there is a check valve that allows fluid to flow back from the pipe to the suction chamber. There is a check valve that allows fluid to flow but prevents the reverse. When high pressure air is supplied to the drive chamber, the flexible membrane compresses the suction chamber, and the fluid in the suction chamber flows out into the blood discharge pipe. When the drive chamber is suctioned under negative pressure, the flexible membrane expands the suction chamber, and fluid from the blood suction pipe flows into the suction chamber. Therefore, by alternately supplying positive pressure air and negative pressure to the drive chamber, one artificial heart performs pumping, which sucks fluid (blood) from the suction pipe and sends it to the discharge pipe.

The output port of the positive pressure on-off valve 15 and the input port (output port in terms of negative pressure) of the negative pressure on-off valve 20 communicate with the drive chamber of the artificial heart 1111R via the tube 12.

The pressure of the air flow path communicating with the drive chamber of the artificial heart 11R (
The pressure sensor 23 detects the driving pressure).

The input port of the positive pressure on/off valve 15 is connected to the positive pressure accumulator 16
In addition, the input ports of the negative pressure on-off valve 20 are in communication with the negative pressure accumulator 21, respectively.

An air compressor 13 driven by a DC motor 14 supplies compressed air to the positive pressure accumulator 16, and a decompressor (vacuum device) 18 driven by a DC motor 19 sucks air from the negative pressure accumulator 21. The discharge pressure of the air compressor 13 is higher than the required positive pressure range (h in Figure 3) of the artificial heart 11R, and the suction pressure (absolute value) of the decompressor 18 is higher than the required negative pressure range (h in Figure 3) of the artificial heart 11R. lower than h).

The on-off valves 15 and 20 are solenoid valves having substantially the same structure as the solenoid valve whose structure is disclosed in detail in the aforementioned Japanese Patent Application No. 57-52421.
When turned on), it becomes open (conducting), and when the electricity is cut off (off), it becomes closed (cut off).

Pressure sensor 23 is connected to signal processing circuit 31 .

The signal processing circuit 31 converts an analog signal indicating the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 23 into pulses using pressure regulating circuits 37p and 37.
Give to n.

The solenoid drivers 27 and 28 are known ones, and when the pulsed pressure regulating circuits 37p and 37n respectively apply a high level H, the solenoid valves 15 for positive pressure opening/closing are activated.
and the electric coil of the solenoid valve 20 for opening and closing negative pressure; energized (
Open the valve). When a low level L is applied, electricity is cut off (off: valve closed).

The motor drivers 25 and 26 have operating elements (potentiometers) for adjusting drive torque, and have CP
When the U (microprocessor) 34 gives the high level 14 to each, the motors 14 and 19 are energized with the current (torque) specified by the operator.

CPtJ 34 is connected to master unit 60 via interface 33.

In cardiac medicine, two artificial hearts 11R and 1 are usually used for heart support or heart replacement for patients.
1L is required. Therefore, the right (R) artificial heart (IIR)
) The drive device 10 and a left (L) artificial heart drive device 50 having exactly the same configuration as the drive device 10 are connected to the mask unit 60.

The mask unit 60 is a computer system that includes a display device including a character display, an indicator light, and a buzzer, an operation board, an interface, a CPU, a ROM 45° RAM, a system controller, and the like. The CPU of the master unit 60 is connected via an interface to an electrocardiograph and other medical devices that detect or monitor the state of each organ of a patient connected to an artificial heart. The CPU of the master unit 60 controls the driving pressures (R positive pressure, L positive pressure, R negative pressure, L negative pressure) input from the operation board, and the R ratio (ratio between the compression period and expansion period of the right artificial heart).
, L ratio (ratio between the compression period and the expansion period of the left artificial heart),
and the systolic period for each of the right artificial heart 11R and the left artificial heart WallL based on the heart rate (times/min: required when the electrocardiograph is not connected) or the electrocardiographic pulse from the electrocardiograph. The start timing (= diastolic phase end timing) and diastolic phase start timing (= systolic phase end timing) are calculated, and a pulse indicating the systolic phase start timing (INI interrupt pulse) and a pulse indicating the diastolic phase start timing (IN2 interrupt pulse) are calculated. pulse), R (right artificial heart 11R
) and L (left artificial heart 1111L) and provided to the right (R) artificial heart drive device 10 and the left (L) artificial heart drive device 50. Further, R positive pressure (R positive pressure target value) and R negative pressure (R negative pressure target value) are transmitted to the drive device 10, and L positive pressure (L positive pressure target value) is transmitted to the drive device 50. and L negative pressure (L negative pressure target value).

These transmissions are performed when these inputs are received from the operation board.

When the CPU 34 of the drive device 10 receives R positive pressure (R positive pressure target value), it latches it to the latch 36p, and when it receives R negative pressure (R negative pressure target value), it latches it to the latch 36n. do.

The CPU 34 of the drive device 10 sends an H valve 15 open instruction signal (contraction period signal) through the output port P of the interface 33 after receiving the INI interrupt pulse from the master unit 60 until receiving the N2 interrupt pulse. is applied to the pulsed pressure regulating circuit 37p, and is also applied from the master unit 60 to the I
During the period from receiving the N2 interrupt pulse to receiving the INI interrupt pulse, an H valve 20 open instruction signal (expansion period signal) is applied to the pulsed pressure regulating circuit 37n via the output port n of the interface 33.

In addition to the valve 15 open instruction signal (contraction period signal), the pulsed pressure regulating circuit 37p receives R positive pressure data from the latch 36p.
The pulse oscillator 38 applies a pulse a with a duty of 75%, and the inverter 39 applies a pulse b with a duty of 25%, which is an inverted signal of the pulse a.

In addition to the valve 20 open instruction signal (expansion period signal), the pulsed pressure regulating circuit 37n receives R negative pressure data from the latch 36n.
The pulse oscillator 38 applies a pulse a with a duty of 75%, and the inverter 39 applies a pulse b with a duty of 25%.

FIG. 2 shows the configuration of the pulse voltage regulating circuits 37p and 37n.

First, the configuration and operation of the pulsed pressure regulator circuit 37p will be explained.

R positive pressure given from latch 36p (positive pressure target value Prp
) is the D/A converter 40p, and the analog signal C at the level of 1.05Prp (see Figure 3; 1.05 is the coefficient: Prp
is converted into a value indicated by the R positive pressure data) and applied to the negative phase input terminal of the comparator 41p.

On the other hand, the analog voltage C is applied to the variable resistor 47p with d=1
．． oOPrp and e=0.90Prp (first predetermined value), and these are applied to the negative phase input terminals of comparators 42P and 43p, respectively. Comparators 41p to 43
The detected pressure (analog signal) of the pressure sensor 23 is applied to the positive phase input terminal of p.

The valve 15 open instruction signal (contraction period signal: third
r33-PJ) is given, the detected pressure of the pressure sensor 23 is the first predetermined value e = 0.90Prp
If the following (area ■ in FIG. 3) is true, the comparator 41? ~43
All the outputs of p are at high level H, and the AND gates A1 to A
3, only the output of A3 is at high level H, and the OR gate R
1 and R2 to AND gates A4 and A5.
] are added, and they respectively give signals a and b to the OR gate R3, and the OR gate R3 gives the sum (logical OR) of the signals a and b, that is, a continuous high-level H open (ON) signal to the solenoid driver 27. .

As a result, the solenoid valve 15 is opened continuously, and the artificial heart g
The pressure applied to IR increases rapidly.

The detected pressure of the pressure sensor 23 exceeds the first predetermined value e=0.90Prp (area ■ in FIG. 3).
, the outputs of comparators 42p and 41p are both at high level, but the output of comparator 43p switches to low level, and as a result, only A2 of AND gates A1 to A3 outputs H, and AND gate A4 outputs high level. When turned on, only the signal a is given to the solenoid driver 27. The signal a is a pulse of the pulse oscillator 38 with a frequency of 200)1z and a duty of 75%, and at this frequency and duty, the solenoid valve 1
5 opens and closes in a vibratory manner, thereby reducing the amount of positive pressure supplied, and the rise of the positive pressure applied to the artificial heart 11R becomes gradual.

The detected pressure of the pressure sensor 23 is the target value d=1. When the voltage exceeds oOPrp (region ■ in FIG. 3), only the output of the comparator 41p becomes H, and the outputs of the comparators 42p and 43p become low level L, so only A1 of the AND gates A1 to A3 becomes H.
is output, AND gate A4 is cut off and A5 is turned on, and a signal with a frequency of 200 Hz and a duty of 25% is given to the solenoid driver 27. At this frequency and duty, the solenoid valve I5 opens and closes in a vibrational manner. As a result, the amount of positive pressure supplied becomes insufficient, and the positive pressure applied to the artificial heart 11R gradually decreases. Therefore, next time, the detected pressure will be in the region (3), and the positive pressure supply amount will gradually increase. This kind of control that spans two areas (■) and (2) continues.

If the detected pressure becomes c=1.05Prp or more (region ■ in Figure 3), all the outputs of AND gates A1 to A3 become L, and both AND gates A4 and A5 turn off, and solenoid valve 15 becomes continuously open, and the detected pressure returns to region ■ at high speed.

The configuration of the pulsed pressure regulating circuit 37n is also similar to the configuration of the above-mentioned 37p, but it is detected when the valve 2o open instruction signal (expansion period signal: shown as r33-nJ in FIG. 3) is given from the CPU 34. When the pressure is higher than the second predetermined value f = 1.05Prn (region ■ shown in Fig. 3), the solenoid valve 2o is continuously opened to reduce the pressure at high speed, and the detected pressure is set to f = 1.0.
If less than 5Prn, R negative pressure (negative pressure target value) g = 1.0
When it is 0Prn or more (region ■ shown in Figure 3),
A signal a is applied to the solenoid driver 28 to gradually lower the pressure, and when the detected pressure becomes less than g:1.00Prn, a signal A is applied to the solenoid driver 28 to gradually increase the pressure. If the detected pressure falls below h=o, 95Prn, a signal is given to the solenoid driver 28 to instruct the valve 20 to close so as to quickly increase the pressure.

The upper half of the table in FIG. 4 shows that the pressure sensor 2
Circuit 3 corresponds to the detected pressure of No.
7p indicates a valve energizing signal given to the solenoid driver 27. When the valve 15 open instruction signal is not given (the output P of the interface 33 is at a low level L), one circuit 37
AND gates A5 and A6 of p are both off, and the solenoid driver 27 is given a low level L that instructs the valve to close (off).

The lower half of the table in FIG. 4 shows that the pressure sensor 2
Circuit 3 corresponds to the detected pressure of No.
7n indicates the valve energization signal given to the solenoid driver 28. When the valve 20 open instruction signal is not given (the output n of the interface 33 is at a low level L), the circuit 37
Both AND gates A5 and A6 of n are off, and the solenoid driver 28 is given a low level L that instructs the valve to close (off).

IN1 interrupt pulse from mask unit 60 and IN2
In response to the interrupt pulse, the CPU 34 alternately generates the above-mentioned valve 15 opening instruction signal and valve 20 opening instruction signal, and applies them to the pulsed pressure regulating circuits 37p and 37n, respectively. CPU
34 also receives R positive pressure data (d
= Prp), it is latched to latch 36p,
When the R negative pressure data (g=Prn) is received from the master unit 60, it is latched into the latch 36n.

FIG. 5a shows a device 1 for driving an old artificial heart 11111R.
FIG. 5b and FIG.
FIG. C shows the timing pulse (R's INI interrupt pulse) from the master unit 60 of the CPU 34 and
2 shows an interrupt processing operation in response to N2 interrupt pulse).

Reference is first made to FIG. 5a. f! When the source is turned on (Step 1: the word step is omitted in parentheses below),
The CPtJ34 is in a standby state (1
5, 20, 14, 19: Off), internal timer,
Clear counters, registers, flags, etc., and disable INI and IN2 interrupts (2). CPU 34 then requests data from the CPU (not shown) of master unit 60 (3).

Data transmission and reception between the CPU 34 and the CPU of the mask unit 60 consists of start bit + data + end bit +
One frame includes an error check pit, and in the data request in step 3, the CPU 34 places data indicating "ready" in the "data" field of this frame and transmits it.

When the CPUs of Units 1 to 60 receive one frame from the CPU 34, if there is data to be sent to the CPU 34 at that time, they send it to the CPU in the "data" section of the one frame.
Send to PU34. When there is no data to be transmitted (the current state should be continued), the CPU of the unit 60 places an ACK (acknowledgement) in the "data" field and transmits one frame.

When the CPU 34 requests data from the CPU of the unit 60 (3), the timer T is activated. (program timer) and wait for the time to expire (5). If there is a transmission (from CPt) of the unit 1-60 before the time expires (time To has elapsed), the process advances to step 6. If there is no transmission, another 1 frame is transmitted to the CPU of the unit 60.

Below, the CPU and C:PU3 of the unit 60 corresponding to the operator's key operations on the operation board on the unit 60 are as follows.
The operation of step 4 will be explained.

(1) When the operator inputs the R positive pressure on the operation board, the CPU of the unit 60 sends this to the CPU 34, and when the CPU 34 receives it, step 4-6-7
-8-11, and in step 11, this is latched into the latch 36P. This is done by setting the data selector 35 to output to the latch 36P and sending R to the data selector 35.
This is done by sending positive pressure data and latch instruction pulses. The setting of the L positive pressure to the drive device 50 is also similar to this.

(2) When the operator inputs R negative pressure on the operation board, the CPU of the unit 60 sends this to the CPU 34, and when the CPU 34 receives it, step 4-6-7
-8-9-12, and in step 12, the R negative pressure is set in the latch 36n. This is the data selector 35
is set to be output to the latch 36n, and the data selector 3
Setting of the L negative pressure to the drive device 50, which is performed by applying the R negative pressure and the latch instruction pulse to the drive unit 5, is similar to this.

(3) If the electrocardiograph is not connected, unit 60
The CPU is the R ratio input from the operation board.

From the R ratio and heart rate (beats/min), one beat period Th.

calculates the R contraction period Trc and the L contraction period Tc, generates a pulse with a period Th (R INI interrupt pulse) under timer control and applies it to the INI interrupt port of the CPU 34;
Further, a pulse (R IN2 interrupt pulse) delayed by Trc from the R INI interrupt pulse is generated and applied to the IN2 interrupt port of the C'PU34. Furthermore, the master unit 60
CPU inputs L for R input from the operation board.
Based on the phase shift data of R, the phase shift amount Tpd of R is calculated, and Tpd is calculated from the INI interrupt pulse of R.
A pulse (L INI interrupt pulse) with a phase shift of and provides this to the drive device 50. The generation of these pulses continues from just before the start command is given to the drive devices 10 and 50 until just after the stop command is given to the drive devices 10 and 50. When there is an input, the above calculation is performed again in response to the input, and the pulse generation timing is updated.

If an electrocardiograph is connected, C of the master unit 60
The PU assumes that the R INI interrupt pulse is delayed by the amount of delay input on the operation board from the electrocardiogram (pulse) that appears in one beat cycle. Other pulses are generated as described above based on this TNI interrupt pulse.

(4) When "Start" is input to the operation board and in response, the CPU of the master unit 60 transmits "Start" to the CPU 34, the CPU 34 performs step 4-6.
Proceed to -7-13 to enable INI and TN2 interrupts.
3) Output a signal instructing the energization of the compressor motor 14 to the motor driver 25 (set it to the output port) L(
14), waits for the elapse of the transient high current time T1 due to motor activation (15), and when T1 has elapsed since the motor activation instruction, outputs a signal instructing activation of the decompressor motor 19 to the motor driver 26 (16). and the data request (
Proceed to 3). The CPU of the mask unit 60 is the drive device 5.
Instruct 0 to "start" in the same way, and! A microprocessor (not shown) in drive unit 50 operates similarly to the operation described above for CPtJ 34.

By allowing interrupts in step 13, the CPU of the mask unit 60 also sends the R INI interrupt pulse to the CPU.
By giving the IN2 interrupt pulse of R to the interrupt port INI of U34 to the interrupt port IN2 of CPU34, C
When P U 34 receives the R INI interrupt pulse, the fifth
Execute the INI interrupt (37) shown in figure b, and also
When receiving the 2 interrupt pulse, the IN2 interrupt (4
0) is executed. This is executed until TNI, IN2 interrupts are disabled (31).

When the R INI interrupt pulse appears, the CPU 34
Proceed to the INI interrupt (37) shown in Figure b, and clear the negative pressure flag (data indicating that it is the expansion period).38)
A positive pressure flag (data indicating that it is a contraction period) is set (39). And the main routine (Figure 5a)
The process returns to the step immediately before proceeding to this interrupt (37).

When the R IN2 interrupt pulse appears, the CPU 34 proceeds to the INI interrupt (40) shown in FIG. 5c, clears the positive pressure flag (41), and sets the negative pressure flag (42).
. Then, the main routine returns to the step immediately before proceeding to this interrupt (40).

Note that the CPU of the master unit 60 gives an L INI interrupt pulse and an L IN2 interrupt pulse to the drive device 50, and the CPU of the drive device 50 also performs the above-mentioned interrupt processing (Fig. 5b) of the CPU 34. , FIG. 5C). The operation of the CPU of the drive device 50 is performed by the CPU 34.
Since the configuration and operation of the drive device 50 are also similar to the configuration and operation of the drive device 10, only the drive 'imto will be described below.

(5) Refer to FIG. 5a again. When the compressor motor 14 and the decompressor motor 19 are energized upon receiving the "start" instruction as described above, the CPU 3
4 executes the data request (3), and the mask unit 60
When one frame of data is received from the CPU of 4), unless there is an update input (change of operating parameters) from the 8th board, the data of the frame is ACKed and additional data (4) is received.
(6), the CPtJ 34 executes "switching control" in steps 19 to 25, and returns to data request (3).

Unless there is a new input from the operation board, the CI) of the mask unit 60 does not transmit data (parameter data) [it only transmits ACK in response to the data request (3)], so the CPU 34 performs step 3- 4-6-1
9 to 25-3, and the "switching control" of steps 19 to 25 is repeated at substantially regular intervals.

(6) In the "switching control" of steps 19 to 25, check whether there is a positive pressure flag or a negative pressure flag.19.
23) If there is none, the process returns to step 3 because it has not received a "start" yet. In other words, "switching control" is not substantially executed.

Now, if there is a positive pressure flag, this is the INI in Figure 5b.
It is set by the interrupt (37) and indicates that the period from the appearance of the INI interruption pulse until the appearance of the IN2 interruption pulse, that is, the current time, is the contraction period (valve 15 open instruction period). In this case, a signal instructing to turn off the solenoid valve 20 is sent to the output port n of the interface 33.
2o), and set the solenoid valve 15 open instruction signal (I]) to the output capos-1 to p of the interface 33.

When there is a negative pressure flag, this is TN2 in Figure 5c.
It is set by the interrupt (40) and indicates that the period from when the IN2 interrupt pulse appears to when the INI interrupt pulse appears, that is, the current time is the expansion period (valve 20 open instruction section). In this case, a signal to turn off the solenoid valve 15 should be set to the output port p of the interface 33 (24), and a signal (H) for opening the valve 2o to turn on the solenoid valve 20 should be set to the output port n of the interface 33. (25).

By the "switching control" explained in the north, r3 shown in Fig. 3
The 3-pJ times signal and the r33-nJ times signal are applied to pulsed pressure regulating circuits 37P and 37n, respectively.

In response to these signals, the pulsed pressure regulating circuits 37p and 37n perform pressure regulating control operations as described above. In this way, during the systolic period (with positive pressure flag), the solenoid valve 20 is closed, and the solenoid valve 15 opens and closes so that the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 23 becomes R positive pressure (d). When the negative pressure flag is present), the solenoid valve 15 is closed, and the solenoid valve 20 opens and closes so that the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 23 becomes R negative pressure (g). In this way, one on-off solenoid valve 1 is provided for each of the positive pressure system and the negative pressure system.
5 and 20, switching of positive pressure/negative pressure, constant pressure (d) control, and capacity pressure (g) control are performed.

(7) If an input is made to the operation board of the mask unit 60 while executing the "switching control" as in (6), that is, while the artificial hearts UIIR and IIL are being driven.

Similar to (1) and (2) above, Uniso 1-60 c
pu sends data to CPU 34, and CPU 3
4 updates the contents of the latches 36p and 36n to the received data, the CPU of the mask unit 60 recalculates the timing, and changes the interrupt pulse to one based on the calculated data. Therefore, the "switching control" in (6) above changes to one based on the data and pulses changed in this way.

(8) When the operator inputs "stop" on the operation board, the CPU of the mask unit 60 inputs this to CPtJ3.
Send to 4. When the CPU 34 receives this, it proceeds to step 4-6-7-8-9-10-27 to stop the decompressor motor 19 (27), and starts the stop transition period T2.
(28), the compressor motor 14 is stopped (29), and the stop transition period T3 is elapsed (3).
0), INI and IN2 interrupts are prohibited (31). At this point, the INI and IN2 interrupts (Figures 5b and 5c) are no longer executed (the flags are no longer updated), so the artificial heart
1R stops. The CPU 34 then turns on the solenoid valve 15 (32), waits for the coil energization transition period T4 to elapse (33), and then turns on the solenoid valve 20 (34). Since both electromagnetic valves 15.20 are turned on, the compressed air in the positive pressure accumulator 16 flows into the negative pressure accumulator 21, and the pressures in both accumulators 16.21 approach atmospheric pressure.

The CPU 34 then clears the positive pressure flag and the negative pressure flag (35), waits for a sufficient time T5 to neutralize the pressures of both accumulators (36), and requests data (35).
Proceed to 3).

As mentioned above, during the systole, the detected pressure is at the first predetermined value (e).
Since the valve 14 is kept open continuously until the time is reached, the pressure applied to the artificial heart BttR increases quickly. 7 if the first predetermined pressure is exceeded.
Since the valve 14 is opened and closed with a duty of 5%, the pressure rises slowly, and when the R positive pressure (d) is exceeded, the valve 14 is opened and closed with a duty of 25%, so the pressure changes from an increase to a gradual decrease.

Therefore, when the positive pressure rises, excessive overshoot does not occur, and the R positive pressure (d) is smoothly stabilized, and large pressure fluctuations do not occur even during the stable period after the rise period. This is because the valve 14 has inertia and there is a delay in opening/closing with respect to on/off energization, but in the contraction period, the duty is 75 in the region (2) just before the target pressure (d) exceeding the first predetermined value (e). %, the rate of increase in positive pressure is slow, and even if the opening/closing of valve 15 is switched to lower pressure when the target pressure (d) is reached, a large overshoot will not occur as in the conventional case. There is no. Area immediately after target pressure (d)■
In this case, since the valve 15 is opened and closed oscillatingly at a duty of 25%, the rate of drop in positive pressure is slow, and even if the opening and closing of the valve 15 is switched to pressure increase when the target pressure (d) is reached, a large undershoot will not occur as in the conventional case. It never occurs. During the expansion period, valve 2o is similarly controlled in the regions ■ and ■ before and after the target pressure (g).
oscillatory opening and closing.

Note that the solenoid valves 15 and 20 are fully open when energized with a duty of 100%, but when energized with a frequency of 20011z and a duty of 75%, the energization is cut off before the valve body reaches the fully open position due to the energization. Because it is biased,
The valve opening degree of the time series is about 70%, and the duty is 25%.
When energized, it is about 20%.

(Example 2) FIG. 6 shows an example of another invention of the present application. This embodiment is a positive pressure regulating solenoid valve 15. as disclosed in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application No. 57-521111. A positive pressure accumulator 16 and a solenoid valve for positive opening/closing ]7 are provided in the positive pressure system,
Solenoid valve 20° for negative pressure regulation, negative pressure accumulator 21 and negative pressure opening/closing? I! A magnetic valve 22 is provided, and the pressure of the accumulator 16 is detected by the first pressure sensor 23 and the pressure of the accumulator 16 is detected by the second pressure sensor 2.
4, the pressure of the accumulator 21 is detected. The volumes of the positive pressure accumulator 16 and the negative pressure accumulator 2] are determined according to the implementation of the present invention.

It has a small capacity of about 300cc.

In this embodiment, corresponding to the above mechanism, solenoid valves 17 and 22 are connected to solenoid drivers 30 and 29, respectively.
The output port P of the interface 33 is energized by the contraction period signal r33-pJ and the expansion period signal r33-nJ of the output port N through the interface 33. As shown in FIG. 7, the pulse voltage regulating circuits 37p and 37n do not receive the signals r33-pJ and r33-nJ.

As a result, regardless of whether it is a contraction period or an expansion period, the pulsing pressure regulating circuit 37p operates according to the table shown in FIG. The signal shown in the upper half is given to the solenoid driver 27. The pulsing pressure regulating circuit 37n also operates in the lower half of the table shown in FIG. 4 in response to the detected pressure of the second pressure sensor 24 (■ to ■ in FIG. 3), regardless of whether it is a contraction period or an expansion period. A signal shown is applied to the solenoid driver 28.

The operations of the mask unit 60 and the CPU 34 are exactly the same as those in the first embodiment shown in FIG.
Also, the same effect as that of Example 1 can be obtained.

(Other Examples) In both Examples 1 and 2 above, the target pressure (d
, g) before and after the slow pressure increase area (■, ■) and the slow pressure decrease area (■
, ■) are set to suppress overshoot and undershoot immediately before and after the target pressure, and to obtain a pressure equivalent to the target pressure accurately and precisely. However, conventionally, the largest pressure deviations are an overshoot when the pressure rises when switching from the expansion period to the contraction period, and an undershoot when the pressure falls when switching from the contraction period to the expansion period (absolute pressure This is a problem, and there is a great advantage in suppressing it. Therefore, the D/A converters 40P and 4On of the pulsed pressure regulating circuits 37p and 37n set the target pressure d = Prp, g
= Prn is output as is, comparator 4]
, p+41n+and gate A3. A3 and the OR gates R1 and R1 are omitted, and the output of the AND gate A2 is given to the AND gate A4, and the target pressures d=Prp and g=Prn are applied to the comparators 42p and 42n, and the comparators 43n and 43
A first predetermined value e and a second predetermined value f may be given to p. According to this, the valves 15 and 20 are closed when the detected pressure falls within the ranges (1) and (2). Area ■.

Since the rising speed at (2) is low, oversh 1- is suppressed when switching from the expansion period to the contraction period and vice versa.

The compressor 13 includes a brief valve that communicates between the discharge port and the atmosphere at a predetermined pressure higher than the target pressure d.

The decompressor 13 also includes a brief valve that communicates between the intake port and the atmosphere at a predetermined pressure lower than 11 standard pressure g. In the aspect of the second embodiment, these brief valves can be made into solenoid valves and can be used also as the solenoid valves 15 and 20 for pressure regulation.

In this case, the aforementioned "closing/opening of the solenoid valve 15" has the same meaning as "communication/blocking of the discharge port of the compressor 13 to the atmosphere", and "closing/opening of the solenoid valve 20" has the same meaning as "closing/opening the solenoid valve 20" It is synonymous with ``communication/blocking of the mouth to the atmosphere''.

In the above explanation, the pumping device is an artificial heart, but the present invention is directed to the artificial heart l1 which is the controlled object in the above embodiment.
The present invention can be similarly applied to other biological pumping devices and industrial pumping devices that perform the same pumping operation as i111R.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, the capacity of the accumulator can be reduced, and the pumping device (IIR)
Fluctuations in positive/negative pressure supplied to the system are suppressed.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the first invention of the present application. FIG. 2 shows the pulsed pressure regulator circuits 37p and 3 shown in FIG.
FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing the configuration of 7n. The third graph is a graph showing the detected pressure of the pressure sensor 23 shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a time chart showing the output signal waveforms of the pulsed pressure regulator circuits 37p and 37n. FIG. 5a is a flowchart 1- showing the control operation of the CPU 34 shown in FIG. 5b and 5C are flowcharts showing the interrupt processing operation of the CPU 34. FIG. FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an embodiment of the second invention of the present application. FIG. 7 shows the pulsed pressure regulator circuits 37p and 3 shown in FIG.
FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing the configuration of 7n. 10.50: Artificial heart drive device 11R: Old artificial heart II+,: Left artificial heart 12: Tube 1
3: Air compressor (positive pressure fluid source) 14: DC motor 16: Positive pressure accumulator 15: Solenoid valve (positive pressure opening/closing valve device - Fig. 1; Positive pressure regulating valve device - Fig. 6) 17: Solenoid valve (positive pressure Pressure on/off valve device - Fig. 6) 18: Decompressor (negative pressure fluid source) 19: DC motor 21: Negative pressure accumulator 20: Solenoid valve (Negative pressure on/off valve device - Fig. 1; Negative pressure regulating valve device - No. Figure 6) 22: Solenoid valve (negative pressure on/off valve device - No. 6
) 23: Pressure sensor (pressure detection means - Fig. 1; first pressure detection means - Fig. 6) 24: Pressure sensor (second pressure detection means - Fig. 6) 25. 26: Motor driver 27
~30: Solenoid driver 31.32: Signal processing circuit 33: Interface 34: Microprocessor (pressure switching control means) 35: Data selector
36p, 36n: Latch 37ρ, 37n: Pulsing pressure regulation circuit (pressure regulation control means - Figures 1 and 6) 38: Pulse oscillator 39: Inverter 40p, 4O
n: D/A converter 41p-43p, 41n
~43n: Comparator 47p, 47n: Variable resistor
Al~A5: AND GATE l1l-R3 NIOAGE-
1-60: Mask unit 3rd episode 4th zo

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) A positive pressure on/off valve device inserted between the drive chamber of the pumping device and a positive pressure fluid source; A negative pressure on/off valve device inserted between the drive chamber of the pumping device and a negative pressure source; Pressure detection means for detecting fluid pressure in a fluid space for driving the pumping device including a drive chamber of the pumping device from the positive and negative pressure opening/closing valve device; and the pressure detection device during a set contraction period of the pumping device. The positive pressure on-off valve device is continuously opened while the pressure detected by the pump is below a first predetermined value, and when the pressure exceeds the first predetermined value, the positive pressure on-off valve device is opened and closed at a predetermined duty, During the expansion period, while the pressure detected by the pressure detection means is at least a second predetermined value lower than the first predetermined value, the negative pressure on-off valve device is continuously opened, and when the pressure becomes less than the second predetermined value, the negative pressure on-off valve is closed. A pumping drive device comprising: pressure regulation control means for opening and closing the device at a predetermined duty. (2) The pumping drive device according to claim 1, wherein the pumping device is an artificial heart. (3) A positive pressure on-off valve device for supplying positive pressure fluid to the pumping device; a positive pressure fluid source that is located between a positive pressure fluid source and the positive pressure on-off valve device and opens and closes a fluid communication passage therebetween; a positive pressure regulating valve device that adjusts the fluid pressure supplied from the positive pressure switching valve device to the positive pressure switching valve device; a first pressure detection means that detects the fluid pressure between the positive pressure regulating valve device and the positive pressure switching valve device; a pumping device Negative pressure on-off valve device for supplying negative pressure to the negative pressure on-off valve device; located between a negative pressure source and the negative pressure on-off valve device to open and close a fluid passage between them; a negative pressure regulating valve device that adjusts the negative pressure to be supplied; a second pressure detecting means that detects fluid pressure between the negative pressure regulating valve device and the negative pressure opening/closing valve device; The positive pressure regulating valve device is continuously opened while the first predetermined value is below, and when the first predetermined value is exceeded, the positive pressure regulating valve device is opened and closed at a predetermined duty, and the detected pressure of the second pressure detection means is set to the first predetermined value. A pressure regulating control means that continuously opens the negative pressure regulating valve device while it is at least a second smaller predetermined value, and opens and closes the negative pressure regulating valve device at a predetermined duty when the pressure falls below the second predetermined value; and a pumping device; During the set contraction period, the positive pressure on-off valve device is opened and the negative pressure on-off valve device is closed, and during the expansion period, the positive pressure on-off valve device is closed and the negative pressure on-off valve device is opened. A pumping drive device comprising: switching control means; (4) The pumping drive device according to claim (3), wherein the pumping device is an artificial heart.