JPS63225739A - Vibration isolating device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a vibration isolating effect and a damping effect and improve the industrial utility, by using a damper formed of a material maintaining a large viscous effect in a vibration isolating device for absorbing vibration to be transmitted to a vibration receiving body such as an equipment or a structure. CONSTITUTION:This vibration isolating device is constructed of a vibration isolating rubber and a damper arranged in parallel to each other. The vibration isolating rubber is formed by alternately laminating a plurality of hard plates having a rigidity and soft plates having a viscoelasticity. The damper is primarily formed of a viscoelastic material having physical properties such that a hysteresis ratio (h50) at 25 deg.C upon 50% tensile deformation is 0.2 or more, and a storage modulus of elasticity (E) dynamically measured at a frequency of 5 Hz with a strain of 0.01 % at a temperature of 25 deg.C ranges 1 <= E<=2X10<4> (kg/cm<2>). According to such a laminated structure, the soft layers are deformed (shearing deformation) at the maximum by the vibration. As a result, a large damping effect can be exhibited.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Field of application in industry] The present invention is a damper (damping device) that absorbs vibration or EWJJC energy transmitted to a vibrating body such as a device or structure. ) and seismic isolation rubber are provided in parallel, and this invention relates to an improvement of a seismic isolation device that has both a seismic isolation effect and a damping effect.

[Prior Art] Dampers are conventionally known as devices that reduce vibrations caused by earthquakes and the like that are applied to equipment, structures, and the like. Dampers absorb vibration energy by utilizing the energy absorption ability of the materials that make up the damper, and include those that utilize the plastic effect of metals such as lead and others, and those that utilize the viscous effect of oil and other materials. It is broadly divided into those that have.

On the other hand, structures in which a plurality of steel plates and rubber plates are alternately laminated (seismic isolation rubber) have recently been attracting attention as support members that satisfy vibration isolation during earthquakes.

When such seismic isolation rubber is interposed between a rigid building such as concrete and the foundation foundation, it is soft in the lateral direction, that is, has a small shear rigidity, so it can change the natural period of the building from the earthquake period. It has a shifting effect, which greatly reduces the acceleration that buildings receive from earthquakes.

A major feature of such seismic isolation rubber is that it undergoes elastic deformation to return to its original position after being deformed by an earthquake.Moreover, in order to minimize the sinking of the building due to the creep phenomenon of the seismic isolation rubber, Furthermore, the energy absorption capacity (damping effect) of the seismic isolation rubber itself is extremely small. For this reason, conventionally, seismic isolation rubber has been constructed using a rubber material that has a small hysteresis loss as a material characteristic.

However, with such a seismic isolation system that uses only low-attenuation seismic isolation rubber, the gradual lateral sway of the building during an earthquake remains for a long time even after the earthquake subsides, so the amount of lateral sway is large. In addition to damage to the seismic isolation rubber itself,
There is a risk of collision between the building and other structures and destruction of equipment such as wood pipes, gas pipes, and wiring.

Conventionally, in order to reduce this rolling displacement as quickly as possible, a method has been adopted in which a plastic damper made of a soft metal or the like that undergoes plastic deformation immediately upon application of an earthquake force is used in combination.

For example, by creating a hollow part inside the seismic isolation rubber, filling this part with lead, and using plastic deformation during an earthquake to impart a damping effect to the seismic isolation rubber, the seismic isolation effect and the damper (damping effect) can be created. ) is proposed.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In conventional dampers that utilize a plastic effect, there is a problem in that in a region where the deformation is small, elastic deformation occurs, so that the damping effect hardly appears.

On the other hand, with dampers that utilize the viscous effect of oil, etc., in order to obtain a large damping effect, it is necessary to increase the size of the equipment, and in addition, there are problems such as handling of the oil and difficulty in molding it as a product. There is a point. Moreover, maintenance and maintenance work during long-term use is complicated, and maintenance management is not easy.

In addition, in such a conventional seismic isolation device incorporating a plastic damper, although the seismic energy absorption function is increased, a new resonance phenomenon occurs in the high frequency region due to the high elasticity of the plastic damper.

In addition, when using seismic isolation rubber containing lead, when the seismic isolation rubber is greatly deformed during a major earthquake, the hard steel plate will damage the lead, and the damaged lead will further damage soft plates such as rubber, so the seismic isolation rubber It is easy to cause the entire structure to break.

Furthermore, damaged lead can easily break due to repeated large deformations.

[Means and actions for solving the problems] The present invention is free from the above-mentioned problems of the conventional methods. (1) It is made of a material that maintains as large a viscous effect as possible, and (2) The viscous effect (damping effect) of the material is maximized. ■ Easy to mold and process ■ Easy to handle ■ Therefore, we provide an improved seismic isolation device that combines seismic isolation and damping effects using an ideal viscous damper that can significantly reduce costs. (1) Hysteresis ratio at 50% tensile deformation at 25°C (h IIo) is 0.2 or more (if) Frequency 5Hz, distortion 0.01%, temperature 25℃
The storage modulus (E) dynamically measured at The gist of the present invention is a seismic isolation device characterized in that a damper and a damper are provided in parallel.

The inventors of the present invention have conducted extensive research into an ideal viscous damper that overcomes the drawbacks of conventional viscous dampers and has the characteristics described in (1) to (3). There are suitable ranges for Mooney viscosity, storage modulus, etc., and if the damper is made of a viscoelastic material that satisfies these characteristics, the object of the present invention can be satisfied, and such dampers and The present invention was completed based on the discovery that a seismic isolation device in which seismic rubber is arranged in parallel reduces the vibrations transmitted to a building, making it possible to support the building with good stability and reliably for a long period of time. .

The present invention will be explained in detail below.

The damper used in the seismic isolation device of the present invention is as follows (1
), (li) It is mainly composed of a viscoelastic material having the physical properties of (li).

(i) Hysteresis ratio (hso) at 25°C and 50% tensile deformation is 0.2 or more, preferably 0.3 or more,
In addition, at a tensile speed of 200 mm/min, h. is the fifth
It is given by the area ratio of ABHO in the stress-strain curve shown in the figure.

(11) Frequency 5Hz, distortion 0.01%, temperature 25℃
Storage modulus (E) dynamically measured at 1≦E≦2X
10'(kg/cm"), preferably 1 or more and 1X10' (kg/cm2) or less, more preferably 1 or more and 5x104 (kg/cm2) or less, particularly preferably 1 or more and 2x103 (kg/cm2) below.

Further, the elongation of the viscoelastic material at tensile breakage is preferably 1% or more, more preferably 5% or more, still more preferably 10% or more, particularly preferably 20% or more.

In the present invention, examples of the viscoelastic material of the damper include unvulcanized rubber, vulcanized rubber, resins having the above-mentioned characteristics, plastic substances, and the like.

In the present invention, the viscoelastic material is preferably unvulcanized rubber, vulcanized rubber, or similar substances having the above-mentioned hysteresis ratio and elastic modulus characteristics, such as ethylene propylene rubber (EPR, EPDM). , nitrile rubber (NBR), butyl rubber, halogenated butyl rubber, chloroprene rubber (CR), natural rubber (NR), isoprene rubber (IR), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR),
General rubber such as butadiene rubber (BR), acrylic rubber, ethylene 1 acetate rubber (EVA), polyurethane, special rubber such as silicone rubber, fluororubber, ethylene acrylic rubber, polyester elastomer, epichlorohydrin rubber, chlorinated polyethylene, or thermoplastic elastomer etc. In addition, when the viscoelastic material is unvulcanized rubber, the Mooney viscosity ML+-4 at 100°C is 10
It is preferable that it is above.

These rubber materials may be used alone or in a blend of two or more types, and these rubber materials may contain various fillers, tackifiers, lubricants, anti-aging agents, plasticizers, and softeners. It is also possible to impart hardness, loss characteristics, and durability according to the intended purpose by mixing common compounding agents such as additives, low molecular weight polymers, and oils into the rubber material. In particular, in order to maintain specified performance over a long period of time, appropriate stabilizers such as anti-aging agents, polymerization inhibitors, and scorch inhibitors are added to the above rubber materials, or the polymer itself is hydrogenated or otherwise modified. It is extremely effective to achieve stabilization by

In addition, when adhering the viscoelastic material and other constituent materials,
Generally, it is advantageous to use adhesion using the tackiness of a viscoelastic material, but for adhesion using this tackiness, it is also possible to introduce a network of necessary chemical or physical bonds into the bonded portion.

As the viscoelastic material of the present invention, in addition to unvulcanized rubber and vulcanized rubber having the above characteristics, the following substances having the above characteristics can also be used.

For example, polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, ABS, polyvinyl chloride, polymethyl methacrylate,
Thermoplastic resins such as polycarbonate, polyacetal, nylon, chlorinated polyether, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyfluorinated-chlorinated ethylene, polyfluorinated ethylene propylene, acetyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, polyvinylidene, vinyl butyral, polypropylene oxide, and these resins In addition, plastics such as thermosetting resins such as engineered poxy resins and unsaturated polyesters, or plastics such as modified rubbers, and the following fillers as necessary for these plastics, Examples include those containing plasticizers, softeners, tackifiers, oligomer lubricants, anti-aging agents, low molecular weight polymer oils, and the like. The above plastics may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

■ Fillers: Scale-like inorganic fillers such as clay, diatomaceous earth, carbon black, silica, talc, barium sulfate, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, metal oxides, mica, graphite, aluminum hydroxide, various metal powders,
Wood chips, glass powder, ceramic powder, granular or powder solid fillers such as granular or powdered polymers, and various other natural or artificial short fibers and long fibers (e.g., straw, hair, glass fiber, metal fiber, and other various types) Fillers for rubber or resin, such as polymer fibers, etc.

The blending ratio of filler is 30 to 2 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of rubber.
The amount is preferably 50 parts by weight.

In addition, as short fibers, general short fibers such as glass, plastic, and natural products are used. These short fibers also include special short fiber reinforcements such as The above thermoplastic polymer is preferably blended with short fibers chemically bonded to rubber, such as a reinforced rubber composition in which short fibers are grafted via an initial condensate of a phenol formaldehyde resin. The fine short fibers have a melting point of 190 to 235°C, preferably 190 to 235°C.
225°C, particularly preferably 200°C to 220°C,
Nylon such as nylon 6, nylon 610, nylon 12, nylon 611, nylon 612, polyurea such as polyhebutamethylene urea, polyundecamethylene urea, and thermoplastic polymers having -CONH- groups in their polymer molecules such as polyurethane; In particular, it is preferably made of nylon, has an average diameter of 0.05 to 0.8 μm, has a circular cross section, has a shortest fiber length of preferably 0 μm or more, and has molecules arranged in the direction of the fiber axis. Preferably, it is embedded in the form of fine short fibers.

■ Softeners: Softeners for various rubbers or resins, such as aromatic, naphthene, and paraffin.

The preferred blending ratio of the softener is 5 to 150 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of rubber.

■ Plasticizers: Various ester plasticizers such as phthalate esters, phthalate mixed group esters, aliphatic dibasic acid esters, glycol esters, fatty acid esters, phosphate esters, stearate esters, epoxy plasticizers, and other plastics. Plasticizers or NBR plasticizers such as phthalate-based, adipate-based, separate-based, phosphate-based, polyether-based, and polyester-based plasticizers.

The preferred blending ratio of the plasticizer is 5 to 150 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of rubber.

■ Tackifiers: Various tackifiers (tackifiers) such as coumaron resin, coumaron-indene resin, phenol terpene resin, petroleum hydrocarbons, and rosin derivatives.

The preferred blending ratio of the tackifier is 1 to 50 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of rubber.

■ Oligomers: Klauethyl, fluorine-containing oligomers, polybutene, xylene resin, chlorinated rubber, polyethylene wax, petroleum resin, rosin ester rubber, polyalkylene glycol diacrylate, liquid rubber (polybutadiene, styrene-butadiene rubber, butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber, polychloroprene) etc.), various oligomers such as silicone oligomers and poly-α-olefins.

The preferred blending ratio of the oligomer is 5 to 100 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of rubber.

■ Lubricants: Hydrocarbon lubricants such as paraffin and wax, fatty acid lubricants such as higher fatty acids and oxyfatty acids, fatty acid amide lubricants such as fatty acid amide and alkylene bis fatty acid amide, fatty acid lower alcohol esters, fatty acid polyhydric alcohol esters, and fatty acids. Various lubricants such as ester lubricants such as polyglycol esters, alcohol lubricants such as fatty alcohols, polyhydric alcohols, polyglycols, and polyglycerols, metal soaps, and mixed lubricants.

The preferred blending ratio of the lubricant is 1 to 100 parts by weight of rubber.
~50 parts by weight.

In the present invention, the viscoelastic material includes bitumen,
Natural products such as clay can also be used. However, in the present invention, unvulcanized rubber having the above-mentioned characteristics is most suitable when its properties are comprehensively considered.

By the way, rubber has low restorability in an unvulcanized state, and if left as it is, it will flow over time, so it will no longer be able to maintain its shape over a long period of time.

Therefore, in the damper used in the seismic isolation device of the present invention, if the viscoelastic material is a soft body such as unvulcanized rubber, the inner surface can be coated with vulcanized rubber or other material. It is preferable to prevent the unvulcanized rubber and the like from flowing to the outside, and also to allow the outer surface of the damper to sufficiently follow usage conditions where the damper is subject to large deformations.

In this case, as the vulcanized rubber used for the coating (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "coating rubber"), all the rubbers used as the above-mentioned unvulcanized rubber can be used. That is, the unvulcanized rubber used for the viscoelastic material inside the damper and the vulcanized rubber used for the coating layer may be the same rubber type or materials with similar compounding compositions, but of course, they may be completely different types. It's okay.

However, from the viewpoint of durability for long-term use of the damper of the present invention, it is preferable that the coating rubber has excellent weather resistance, such as butyl rubber, acrylic rubber, polyurethane, silicone rubber, fluororubber, Polysulfide rubber, ethylene propylene rubber (ERP and EPDM), Hypalon, chlorinated polyethylene, ethylene vinyl acetate, epichlorohydrin rubber, chloroprene rubber, etc. are preferred; among these, butyl rubber, polyurethane, ethylene propylene rubber, Hypalon, chlorinated polyethylene , ethylene vinyl acetate rubber, and chloroprene rubber are effective in terms of weather resistance.

These rubber materials may be used alone or in a blend of two or more. Also, commercially available rubbers such as natural rubber, isoprene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber may be used to improve elongation and other physical properties. , butadiene rubber, nitrile rubber, etc. Furthermore, these rubber materials may be mixed with compounding agents commonly used in rubber materials, such as various fillers, anti-aging agents, plasticizers, softeners, oils, and the like.

In particular, 10 to 40 parts by weight of cyclopentadiene or dicyclopentadiene resin per 100 parts by weight of the rubber material;
Further, by adding 5 to 20 parts by weight of rosin, fracture properties, adhesion to metals, etc. are greatly improved, which is extremely advantageous.

Furthermore, in order to improve weather resistance and the like, the damper may be coated with a different substance such as various protective agents on its exposed surface.

Specific embodiments of the damper used in the seismic isolation device of the present invention include, for example, the following.

(2) A laminate consisting of a plurality of rigid hardwood plates and a soft layer made of a viscoelastic material having the above-mentioned physical properties interposed between them, and the outer peripheral surface of the soft body is covered with vulcanized rubber.

II. A soft body made of a viscoelastic material having the above-mentioned physical properties and a solid substance embedded in the viscoelastic material, and the outer circumferential surface of the soft body is covered with vulcanized rubber.

(m) A soft body made of only a viscoelastic material having the above-mentioned physical properties, whose outer peripheral surface is covered with vulcanized rubber.

(2) A soft body made of a composite of at least one skeleton of a net-like structure, a wave-like structure, a honeycomb-like structure, and a fabric and a viscoelastic material having the above-mentioned physical properties, and the outer circumferential surface of the soft body is coated with vulcanized rubber.

In this case, as a specific configuration, for example, one manufactured as follows can be mentioned.

■−■　The skeleton body and the viscoelastic material are integrated under pressure.

■−■ Alternately stack the skeleton and viscoelastic material.

■-〇 The skeleton body and the viscoelastic material are integrated under pressure, and the skeleton body and/or the viscoelastic material are alternately stacked.

■-■ Combine the materials produced in the above steps ■-■ to O by further laminating a plate-like material or a wire-like material.

V: In the embodiments (1) to (2) above, the outer circumferential surface portion is not covered with vulcanized rubber.

Of course, in the present invention, the structure of the damper is not limited to the above-mentioned 1-V. For example, the covering rubber is not necessarily required, and the damper may be sandwiched between solid surfaces, When using it in an outer container,
No particular rubber coating is required.

The seismic isolation device of the present invention is made by alternately bonding together the damper of the present invention mainly composed of such a viscoelastic material and a plurality of rigid plates having rigidity and soft plates having viscoelastic properties. Seismic isolation rubber is installed in parallel.

In the seismic isolation device of the present invention, the damper may have any shape as long as it can effectively utilize the energy loss during shearing or bending deformation as a damping effect, and is not restricted in shape in any way, but generally A columnar body is suitable for this.

In addition, in the present invention, the damper is used in combination with the seismic isolation rubber, but the arrangement of both may be such that the seismic isolation rubber and the damper are arranged in parallel between the building and the foundation, or the seismic isolation rubber and the damper are arranged in parallel between the building and the foundation. A cylindrical space may be provided in the center, and a damper may be enclosed within this space.

In the seismic isolation device of the present invention, the material of the hard plate of the seismic isolation rubber is metal, ceramics, plastics, FRP.
, polyurethane, wood, paper board, slate board, decorative board, etc. can be used.

In addition, "soft plates" include various types of vulcanized rubber, unvulcanized rubber,
Various materials can be used, including organic materials such as plastics, foams of these materials, inorganic materials such as asphalt and clay, and mixed materials thereof.

The shapes of these hard plates and soft plates may be circular, rectangular, or polygonal such as pentagonal or hexagonal.

Further, the seismic isolation rubber can also be improved by coating its outer surface with the above-mentioned coating rubber material with excellent weather resistance for the purpose of improving weather resistance.

Since such a seismic isolation device of the present invention has a damper effect as well as a seismic isolation effect, shaking when an earthquake occurs is absorbed by the seismic isolation structure, and the degree of shaking transmitted to the building is reduced.

[Example] Examples will be described below with reference to the drawings.

First, an example of a damper used in the present invention will be described.

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a damper 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, that is, according to the embodiment I. As shown in the figure, the damper 1 of this embodiment is made by alternately laminating soft layers made of a viscoelastic material 2 having the above-mentioned characteristics (i) to (ti) and hard plates 3 having rigidity such as steel plates. The laminate is composed of a laminate and a vulcanized rubber covering the laminate, that is, a covering rubber 4.

The hard plates 3a and 3b forming the top and bottom surfaces of the damper also serve as flanges.

In such a laminated structure, the soft layer undergoes maximum deformation (shear deformation) due to vibration, resulting in a large damping effect. Therefore, by adopting such a structure, it is possible to express the damping effect more efficiently and to make the damper much more compact than the conventional oil-type viscous damper.

In the damper 1 of this embodiment, the shape, volume ratio, number of laminated layers, etc. of the soft layer of the viscoelastic material 2 and the hard plate 3 are determined by the spring constant, which is required according to the actual usage conditions of the damper. It can be freely selected taking into account attenuation effects and the like. The minimum unit has a structure in which one soft layer is sandwiched between two hard plates.

The thickness of the covering rubber 4 is appropriately selected depending on the size of the damper and the purpose of use, but is usually 1 mm or more and 100 mm.
The following is desirable.

In addition, the material of the hard plate 3 includes metal, ceramics,
Plastics, FRP, polyurethane, wood, paperboard,
Slate boards, decorative boards, etc. can be used.

FIGS. 2 and 3 relate to other embodiments of the present invention, namely the above! ! It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the damper 1 of this aspect. As shown in the figure, the damper 1 of this embodiment has a solid substance such as a spherical body 5 or a columnar body 6 enclosed in a soft body made of a viscoelastic material 2, and the outer surface of this soft body is made of vulcanized rubber. Covered with 4.

3a and 3b are flanges.

By encapsulating such a solid substance,
The contact between the viscoelastic material 2 and the solid substance provides a large deformation effect and a good damping effect.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the damper 1 according to another embodiment of the present invention, that is, the damper 1 according to the embodiment I2. As shown in the figure, the damper 1 of this embodiment is composed of a soft body made only of a viscoelastic material 2 and a vulcanized rubber 4 covering the soft body. 3a and 3b are flanges.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the shape of the spherical body 5 does not necessarily have to be a perfect sphere, but may be just spherical. Further, the size does not necessarily have to be uniform, and it may be better to have an appropriate particle size distribution as necessary.

The diameter (or average diameter) D of the spherical body 5 varies depending on the scale of the damper and the materials of the spherical body 5 and the viscoelastic material 2.
Usually 0.1≦D≦10 (mm), preferably 1≦D≦10 (mm).

Further, it is preferable to encapsulate the spherical bodies 5 so that the volume of the viscoelastic material 2 is VL% and the volume of the spherical bodies 5 is vR.

As the solid material, as shown in FIG. 3, a columnar body 6 having a circular cross section can be used, and other solid materials such as a spheroid or an oblate sphere can also be used.

These solid substances such as the spherical bodies 5 and columnar bodies 6 are preferably enclosed in a uniformly dispersed state in the soft body, and the interior may be hollow to adjust the specific gravity.

The solid substance may be a wall that increases the contact area with the viscoelastic material, ie, a partition member that partitions the soft body to form cells.

In this case, the partition member is preferably one in which a collection of vertically elongated cells is formed in the soft body of the damper, as shown in FIGS. 6(a) to 6(e). Figure 6 (a
) to (e) are perspective views showing examples of partition members, in which (a
) is concentric, (b) is radial, (c) is (a) and (b)
), (d) has a cylindrical partition member, and (8) has a spiral partition member 8. In addition, Fig. 6(a) to (6
), the outermost cylinder indicates the inner wall of the vulcanized rubber of the damper.

As the partition member, it is also possible to use a honeycomb-shaped partition member, but it is preferable to use a partition member that is symmetrical with respect to the central axis of the soft body in order to equalize stress during an earthquake.

The partition members shown in FIGS. 6(a) to 6(e) are preferably fixed to the damper or the flange, but the ends that contact the flange or the ends that contact the inner wall of the vulcanized rubber of the damper, etc. It is not necessary that all of the parts are fixed; for example, in the case of Fig. 6(a), some partition members are fixed only at the upper end, and some partition members are fixed only at the lower end. may be changed alternately.

The material of the solid substance such as the spherical body, columnar body or cell forming partition member is not particularly limited, but includes, for example, metal, ceramics, glass, FRP, plastics, polyurethane, high hardness rubber, wood, rock, and sand. , gravel, etc. are suitable. In addition to these materials, rubber materials, paper, leather, etc. having relatively low hardness can also be used for the partition member.

Here, examples of the rubber material include vulcanized rubber, which is a rubber material used for the above-mentioned viscoelastic material.

Examples of plastics include thermoplastics such as polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, ABS, polyvinyl chloride, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, polyacetal, nylon, chlorinated polyether, polytetrafluoroethylene, acetyl cellulose, and ethyl cellulose. , phenolic resin, area resin,
Thermosetting plastics such as unsaturated polyesters, epoxy resins, alkyd resins, and melamine resins are suitable.

As the FRP, FRP made by reinforcing the above-mentioned rubber or plastic with various fibers or fillers is also suitable.

The solid substance does not necessarily have to be made of one type of material, and may be made by combining some of the above materials. For example, a combination of metal and rubber, plastic and rubber, etc. may be used.

In order to manufacture such a damper of the present invention, for example, to manufacture the damper shown in FIG. A more preferable method is to attach the cover rubber 4 to the outer circumferential surface of the laminate of the soft layer and the hard plate with an unvulcanized state, and then vulcanize it. One example is a method of bonding and integrating the two.

In this case, the vulcanization method may be a vulcanization method using ordinary heating, or a vulcanization method using an electron beam, radiation, ultrasonic waves, or the like. Of course, low temperature vulcanization can also be used.

In addition, when vulcanization adhesion, etc., if the internal viscoelastic material and coating rubber do not have sufficient tackiness or adhesion, a third rubber layer with good adhesion to both may be interposed between the two. Alternatively, additives may be added to the internal viscoelastic material and/or coating rubber to improve adhesion.

The vulcanized rubber 4 for coating is usually provided on the outside of the laminate of the soft layer of viscoelastic material 2 and the hard plate 3, as shown in FIG. Or for other manufacturing reasons, it may be made to extend into the covering rubber 4 at the end of the hard plate 3, as shown in FIG.

The same method as above can be used to manufacture dampers such as those shown in Figures 2 to 4, but in this case, the damper body is made of covered rubber, and the damper body is made independently of the damper body. It is desirable to create a special pack containing a viscoelastic material and a solid substance, and to insert this bag into the vulcanized rubber body.

That is, one flange 3a is provided with a female screw hole 9 as shown in FIG. 7, and a plug 9a that is screwed into the screw hole 9 is prepared, and a pack 13 containing a viscoelastic material and a solid substance is prepared. After inserting it, it is sealed with a stopper 9a. This pack 13 may be fixed to the inner wall of the vulcanized rubber 4 or the flanges 3a, 3b, or may be simply inserted.

The material forming the back 13 is not particularly limited, but rubber, polyurethane, plastic, FR
Examples include P, paper, leather, metal plate, etc. As the rubber material, plastic, and FRP, those exemplified as the solid material mentioned above can be used.

The bag 13 does not necessarily need to be made of one type of material, and can also be made by combining some of these materials. For example, metal and rubber, plastic and rubber, etc. may be combined.

In this way, when the damper main body and the back are manufactured independently, it is much easier to manufacture the damper body and the back than when they are manufactured as one body, and costs can be reduced. Furthermore, in this case, it is also possible to replace only the pack or only the vulcanized rubber.

By the way, when the damper of the present invention is used under conditions where it is subject to considerable deformation, large local strains occur in the soft layer and coating rubber that contact the edges of the hard plate as shown in Figure 341, resulting in structural failure. There is a possibility that this may occur. Therefore, in order to prevent such a problem, as shown in FIG. 9, a bulge a having a convex cross-sectional arc or arc-like shape is formed on the edge of the hard plate 3 toward the vulcanized rubber coating 4 side. It is advantageous to provide a section where the vulcanized rubber 4 and the flange 3b are in contact with each other and to have an outwardly concave cross-sectional arc or an arc-like shape.

By the way, the damper of the present invention has the configuration (2) above, that is, a composite of at least one skeleton of a network structure, a wavy structure, a honeycomb structure, and a fabric (for example, a stocking-like structure) and a viscoelastic body. There are no particular restrictions on the material of the skeleton, but metals, ceramics,
Examples include natural fibers such as plastics, FRP, polyurethane, cotton, and silk, and synthetic fibers such as polyamide and polyester.

By using the damper of the present invention as a combination of a viscoelastic material and a network structure, etc., a damper with extremely high damping can be obtained.

In other words, a viscous viscoelastic material exhibits a stress-strain curve as shown in Figure 10, and although it can absorb stress for small deformations, its rigidity decreases for large deformations. sufficient strength is not developed.

On the other hand, net-like structures, wave-like structures, honeycomb-like structures, and textiles exhibit stress-strain curves as shown in FIG. 11, and can exhibit large rigidity in large deformations.

Therefore, by combining these, it is possible to provide a damper that maintains the necessary rigidity in a wide range from small to large deformations, has extremely high loss properties, and has a high damping effect.

Next, embodiments of the seismic isolation device of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 are longitudinal sectional views each showing a seismic isolation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The seismic isolation device shown in FIG. 12 includes a seismic isolation rubber 10 in which a plurality of hard plates 11 having rigidity and soft plates 12 having viscoelastic properties are laminated alternately, and a damper 1 as described above.
are arranged in parallel. In the figure, numerals 13 to 16 are flanges, 20 is a building, and 30 is a foundation.

The seismic isolation device shown in FIG. 13 has a cylindrical space provided in the center of a seismic isolation rubber 10, and a damper 1 is enclosed within this space. (In Fig. 13, the same members as in Fig. 12 are shown with the same symbols, and their explanations are omitted.) In the seismic isolation device as shown in Fig. 13, the surrounding vulcanized rubber for seismic isolation rubber Since the damper 1 acts as a coating rubber, there are cases where the soft body of the viscoelastic material does not necessarily need to be coated again with vulcanized rubber. Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the upper and lower parts of the viscoelastic material are attached to the flanges 3a and 3.
If the damper is covered with a thick steel plate called "b", it may not necessarily be necessary to further insert and fix hard plates such as iron plates above and below the damper.

The ratio of the number of seismic isolation rubbers 10 and the damper 1 arranged in the seismic isolation device shown in FIG. 12, the arrangement interval, and the cross-sectional area ratio of the seismic isolation rubber 10 and the damper 1 in the seismic isolation device shown in FIG. 13, etc. is selected as appropriate depending on the purpose of use of the seismic isolation device.

To manufacture such a seismic isolation device of the present invention, first, hard plates and soft plates are alternately laminated and bonded by adhesive or co-vulcanization to produce seismic isolation rubber.

Further, a damper 1 is separately produced and placed in parallel with the seismic isolation rubber 10 to form a seismic isolation device as shown in FIG.

On the other hand, in order to manufacture the seismic isolation device shown in FIG. A method is adopted in which a hard plate with a cavity in the center and a soft plate material are alternately fitted into the first plate and then co-vulcanized.

Incidentally, a seismic isolation device with a built-in damper as shown in FIG. 13 exhibits excellent damping performance in small to large deformations, but may be less effective in damping minute vibrations.

In other words, by creating a cavity inside the seismic isolation rubber and arranging a specific viscoelastic material with excellent hysteresis characteristics as a damper in this part, it is possible to achieve extremely high damping immunity in a wide range from small to large deformations. A seismic device can be obtained, but in this case, even the specific viscoelastic material has a higher modulus of elasticity than the surrounding seismic isolation rubber in the case of minute deformations, the more the damping properties are increased. Of course,
The rate of increase is much smaller than that of plastic bodies made of lead or steel, but in order to exhibit high loss properties, generally speaking,
It has no choice but to have a high elastic modulus.

On the other hand, ICs that require precision processing as required by modern society.
Examples include micro-vibration countermeasures for factories, pioneering plants, laser factories, railways, and houses along roads. In the case of general seismic isolation rubber, since its modulus of elasticity in the lateral direction is low, it exhibits a vibration isolation effect even against these minute vibrations, and exhibits an excellent vibration damping effect.

However, as mentioned above, in the case of seismic isolation rubber in which a viscoelastic material is arranged, the elastic modulus of this viscoelastic material at minute displacements is high, so as a result, the elastic modulus as a seismic isolation device is lower than that of a general rubber isolation device without a viscoelastic material. It will be more expensive than Shin-rubber. For this reason, the damping effect against minute vibrations tends to decrease, making it impossible to satisfy the current required characteristics.

Therefore, in order to prevent the damper from limiting the damping effect of the seismic isolation rubber against such minute vibrations, the seismic isolation device of the present invention is configured as shown in FIG. preferable.

The seismic isolation device shown in FIG. 14 provides a space in the center of a seismic isolation rubber lO made by alternately bonding a plurality of hard plates 11 having rigidity and soft plates 12 having viscoelastic properties. A damper 1 mainly made of a viscoelastic material is arranged in the space, and a material having lower elasticity than the damper (hereinafter referred to as "low elastic material") is placed between the damper 1 and the inner wall of the cavity of the laminated rubber 10. ) 18 is interposed. In addition, in the figure, numerals 13 and 14 are flanges, 2
0 is the building and 30 is the foundation.

As the low elastic material 18, the temperature is 25° C. and 5 Hz.

For the storage modulus E measured dynamically at 0.01% strain, E of the low modulus material is EL% E of the viscoelastic material of damper 1
It is preferable that Ev is more preferably Ev.

Such a low elasticity material 18 may be any material as long as it satisfies the above characteristics, and various rubbers, plastics, and other materials having the above characteristics among those exemplified as the viscoelastic materials mentioned above can be used. . Also,
As the low elasticity material, a foam, a spring body made of metal, plastic, rubber, etc., a blanket, a woven fabric, a wall sack, etc. can also be used. A space may be provided in the low elasticity material layer as necessary.

Furthermore, the low elasticity material 18 does not necessarily need to be provided to cover the side surfaces, upper and lower surfaces of the damper 3, and may be provided only on the side surfaces. Although it is preferable that the damper 1 be enclosed between the damper 1 and the cavity of the laminated rubber 10, it is not necessary to provide the damper 1 and the cavity of the laminated rubber 10, and there may be a portion where the low elastic material is not placed.

In addition, in the seismic isolation device as shown in FIG. 14, the size of the seismic isolation rubber 10, the size of the damper 1, and the low elastic material 18
There is no particular limit to the thickness of the seismic isolation device, and it is selected appropriately depending on the purpose of use of the seismic isolation device. It is desirable that L is preferably, and more preferably.

Further, the ratio of the thickness of the low elastic material 18 of 1° to the diameter of the cavity of the seismic isolation rubber 10 of 1 is preferably 10/11.

To manufacture such a seismic isolation device, for example, a cavity is created in the center of seismic isolation rubber made by laminating hard plates and soft plates alternately and vulcanized, and a pre-formed damper and low A method is adopted in which an elastic material is inserted or a pre-formed damper and a low-elasticity material are alternately sandwiched between a hard plate with a cavity in the center and a soft plate material and then co-vulcanized.

[Effects of the Invention] As detailed above, the damper used in the seismic isolation device of the present invention is mainly composed of a viscoelastic material having specific physical properties, and is superior to the conventional viscous damper using oil. In comparison, it has the following advantages.

■ Temperature dependence, speed dependence, etc. of hysteresis loss characteristics can be selected according to the characteristics of each rubber material.

■ Easy to mold.

■ The product is easy to handle and install.

■ Easy maintenance.

■ Therefore, it is possible to reduce the cost of the product.

■ High damping efficiency, allowing the device to be made more compact.

The damper used in the seismic isolation device of the present invention does not have the drawbacks of a plastic damper, but also has characteristics that are significantly superior to conventional viscous dampers, and its industrial usefulness is extremely high.

Therefore, the seismic isolation device of the present invention is composed of such a damper and a seismic isolation rubber made by laminating alternately a plurality of hard plates having rigidity and soft plates having viscoelasticity. Since it has a damper effect as well as a seismic isolation effect, the shaking at the time of an earthquake is absorbed by the seismic isolation structure, and the degree of shaking transmitted to the building is reduced. Therefore, even in the event of a major earthquake, collisions between buildings and other structures and equipment such as wood pipes, gas pipes, and wiring are prevented from being destroyed.

In addition, the seismic isolation device of the present invention can be fully expected to have excellent effects such as vibration isolation (vibration isolation, vibration suppression) in addition to the seismic isolation effect.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1, 2, 3 and 4 are longitudinal sectional views of a damper according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a graph showing the stress-strain curve of the material, and FIG. a) to (e) are perspective views showing examples of partition members, FIG. 7 is a vertical sectional view showing an example of manufacturing a damper of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a diagram of a damper according to different embodiments of the present invention. FIG. 9 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the flange according to still another embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
Fig. 0 is a stress-strain curve of the viscoelastic material, Fig. 11 is a stress-strain curve of the skeleton, Fig. 12 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a seismic isolation device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 13 is a diagram of the present invention. FIG. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a seismic isolation device according to another embodiment of the invention. FIG. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a seismic isolation device according to another embodiment of the invention. 1... Damper, 2... Viscoelastic material, 3.
...hard plate, 4...vulcanized rubber, 5...spherical body, 6...column body, 8...partition member,
10... Seismic isolation rubber, 11... Hard plate,
12... Soft plate, 13.14.15.16... Flange, 18... Low elastic material. Agent Patent Attorney Tsuyoshi Shigeno Fig. 1 Fig. 2 Fig. 3 Fig. 4 #145 Fig. 6 Fig. 10 Fig. 11 Fig. 13

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A seismic isolation rubber made by alternately laminating a plurality of hard plates with rigidity and soft plates with viscoelastic properties, and a damper mainly composed of a viscoelastic material with the following physical properties are arranged in parallel. A seismic isolation device characterized in that it is provided as a seismic isolation device. (i) Hysteresis ratio (h_5_0) at 50% tensile deformation at 25°C is 0.2 or more (ii) Storage modulus (E) dynamically measured at a frequency of 5Hz, strain of 0.01%, and temperature of 25°C is in the range of 1≦E≦2×10^4 (kg/cm^2).