JPS6315500B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is designed to easily and economically handle the heat load generated in the indoor perimeter zone and interior zone during cooling and heating operations, and to effectively achieve indoor air conditioning. characterized by having done
Related to air conditioners in buildings.

Conventionally, the central system and the unit system are widely known as air conditioning systems for general buildings. However, with the central system, it is usually necessary to install a relatively long duct from the air-conditioning machine room installed in one part of the building to the air-conditioned room, which requires a large amount of transport power and requires a large amount of transport power. The heat loss is large and the energy loss is large. In addition, in a unit system in which small air conditioners such as unitary heat pumps and fan coil units are installed in a distributed manner in the ceiling, there is a wall area near the glass windows, external walls, etc. that forms the boundary between the outdoors and the indoors, that is, a perimeter zone, and Due to the difference in heat load characteristics between the separate areas, that is, the interior zone, an air conditioner for the perimeter zone and an air conditioner for the interior zone are required separately, which not only increases the equipment cost but also makes it difficult for the air in both zones to They mix with each other indoors, causing a mixed loss of heat load. Another method is to install a small air conditioner on the waist wall of the outer wall and blow air directly. Although this method is economical, it cannot adequately deal with the difference in heat load characteristics between the perimeter zone and the interior zone when the depth of the room is large, and in addition, the airflow does not reach the depths of the room. The disadvantage is that it cannot be expected to reach a sufficient level, and the indoor thermal environment is unfavorable.

In order to improve the shortcomings of these known air conditioning systems, the present invention aims to reduce costs by simplifying the system while maintaining a good indoor environment, and also to save energy mainly in transportation power. The purpose is to achieve this goal. In order to achieve this objective, the air conditioner of the present invention treats the skin load by airflow along the window surface or between double-glazed windows in the room, and is installed in a distributed manner in the ceiling near the window. The structure is such that the return air and outside air are cooled and heated by an air conditioner and then returned to the room. By having such a configuration,
Unlike the unit system, the perimeter zone and interior zone can be treated by the same air conditioner, so zoning is no longer necessary, and the configuration of the air conditioner, duct, and fan unit for each span is the same, making it more uniform. When the air conditioner is placed in the perimeter ceiling, the duct only needs to extend straight from the air conditioner to the interior zone, and the duct work for each span is the same, standardizing it and making it possible to produce it in bulk at a factory. In addition, for example, when an air conditioner is combined with an air heat source heat pump unit and a fan unit system, the system can be simplified because no heat source equipment work or piping work is required, which simplifies the construction process. In the central system, the fan power accounted for more than 1/3 of the air conditioning energy consumption, but in the present invention, the fan power has become extremely small due to the unitization, resulting in less mixing loss between the interior zone and the perimeter zone and heat loss in the duct piping. This eliminates energy consumption and reduces energy consumption for air conditioning by about 20 to 30% compared to central systems, resulting in energy savings, thus achieving the intended purpose.

Specific examples of the present invention will be described below.

FIG. 1 shows a specific example of an air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is placed in the ceiling of a perimeter zone in a room. This air conditioner 10 has a known fan coil unit 14 installed in a ceiling 12.
Cold water or hot water is selectively supplied to the fan coil unit as required from a cold/hot water pipe 16 connected to the outside, and outside air is supplied into the unit 14 from an outside air duct 18 communicating with outside air. has been done. A known blower unit 26 as shown in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 55-82240 or No. 57-55336 is arranged on the waist wall of the glass window 24 of the room. A blind 28 is provided inside the glass window 24.
are arranged, glass windows 24 and blinds 28
The lower end of the passage is connected to the blower unit 26 via a slit-shaped outlet, and the upper end is connected to the elongated return air opening 3.
0 to the suction port 2 of the fan coil unit 14.
Leads to 0. For this reason, room air is sucked into the unit 26 from the suction port of the fan unit 26 located below the waist wall, and is blown upward from the outlet of the fan unit 26. The air blown out in this way is directed toward the ceiling 12 along the window surface and attracts the ambient air in the room through the blind 28. At the same time, the rising air flow along the window surface simultaneously handles the heat load on the window surface and heats or The cooled air enters the ceiling through the return air port 30 at the same time as the surrounding air and enters the fan coil unit 14.
The water is sucked into the unit 14 through the suction port 20 of the unit 14. The air sucked in in this way is mixed with the return air and outside air from the outside air duct 18 in the unit 14, and is selectively cooled or heated according to the indoor heat load, and then the fan coil unit is heated. Air is supplied into the room from the air outlet 22 of the unit, which is connected downward and projects from the ceiling 12, preferably along the ceiling surface. The air outlet 22 can also directly supply air to the interior zone by means similar to the air supply duct 60 shown in FIG. Note that it is known that the heat load shielding rate can be improved by closing the blind 28 while the sunlight is strong.

2 to 4 show a part of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 that has been improved, and are particularly suitable for a room with a long depth. That is, in this example, the air-cooled heat pump unit 32 is arranged within the ceiling 12 as in FIG. The unit 32 takes in and exhausts outside air for a heat source through an outer wall opening 34, takes in outside air into the room, and exhausts surplus air inside the room. The air-cooled heat pump unit 32 has a built-in total heat exchanger 36 as shown in Figures 3a and 3b, and is capable of not only exchanging heat between introduced outside air 38 and surplus air 40, but also exchanges heat between the introduced outside air 38 and surplus air 40 when outside air cooling is possible. A large amount of outside air 38 can be introduced into the room as supply air 44 by operating the air path switching plate 42 as shown in FIG.

A blower unit 26 is installed on the waist wall of the glass window in substantially the same manner as in FIG. 1, and indoor air is sucked in through the suction port of the unit 26 and blown upward from the blowout port.

The blown air is sucked into the air-cooled heat pump unit 32 from the return air port 30 after being heated and cooled by treating the heat load on the window surface in the same manner as in FIG.

During the minimum fresh air operation shown in Figure 3a, the return air 40
A part of the air passes through the total heat exchanger 36, mixes with the outside air 38 for heat source, passes through the outdoor coil 52 and the outdoor fan 54, and is discharged 50 outdoors.

Most of the return air 40 is mixed with the introduced outside air 38 that has passed through the total heat exchanger 36, and then cooled and heated in the indoor coil 56 according to the indoor heat load.
It passes through a humidifier (not shown) and is connected to the indoor fan 58.
After passing through the air supply duct, the air is supplied into the room from the air outlet 62.

As shown in FIG. 4, the air supply duct 60 extends in a substantially perpendicular direction from the air outlet or air supply port of the heat pump unit 32 toward the interior of the room to ventilate the entire room.

Blinds are closed when sunlight is strong to improve heat load shielding.

FIG. 5 is a diagram similar to FIG. 2 showing yet another embodiment.

An air-cooled heat pump unit 64 is installed in the ceiling 12, and takes in and exhausts outside air for a heat source, takes in outside air into the room, and exhausts surplus air inside the room through an outer wall opening 66.

The window has double glass 68 and 70, and a slit-shaped opening 72 is formed at the lower end of the glass 70 on the indoor side to communicate the space between the double glasses and the indoor space.
The top of the space between the double panes is an opening 74,
It is connected to the return air port 76 of the air-cooled heat pump unit 64. Furthermore, a blind 78 is installed inside the space, and is closed when sunlight is strong.

Indoor air is supplied through the opening 72 at the lower end of the indoor glass 70.
The air is introduced into the space between the double panes of glass, heated and cooled by the heat load on the window surface, and then sucked into the air-cooled heat pump unit 64 through the opening at the top.

After the return air and the outdoor air introduced into the room are mixed in the air-cooled heat pump unit 64, the air is cooled, heated, and preferably humidified according to the heat load in the room, and is then sent to an air outlet connected to the air supply port of the air-cooled heat pump unit 64. 80 is supplied into the room.

Figures 6 and 7 are yet another embodiment. In this embodiment, a fan coil unit 82 is installed in the ceiling 12 and takes in outside air and exhausts excess air into the room through an opening 84 in the outside wall.
The fan coil unit 82 is selectively supplied with cold water or hot water from a cold/hot water pipe 85 as in FIG.

The window has double glass 86 and 88, and the bottom and top of the space between the double glasses are open, and are connected to the space in the waist wall and the exhaust inlet 90 of the fan coil unit 82, respectively. . In addition, there are 9 blinds inside the space between the double windows.
2 is installed and closes when sunlight is strong.

A space is created in the waist wall section by an outer panel 94 and an inner panel 96, and an opening (wall inlet) 98 between the lower end of the inner panel 96 and the floor allows this space to be connected to the room. I'm in touch.

The fan coil unit 82 is constructed as shown in FIG. 7, and is capable of discharging air from an exhaust suction port 90 to the outdoors.

In this device, the indoor air sucked into the waist wall space from the wall suction port 98 is further
6 and 88, where it is heated and cooled by the heat load on the window surface.
The air is sucked into the unit 82 and exhausted to the outside through the exhaust port 102 by the exhaust fan 100.

Return air port 106 provided in the descending ceiling portion 104
Indoor air sucked in from the fan coil unit 82 is introduced into the fan coil unit 82 from the return air port 108 of the fan coil unit 82, passes through the outside air inlet 110 from the outer wall opening 84, and is introduced into the fan coil unit 82. After mixing with outside air, it is cooled and heated by the cold/hot water coil 112 according to the heat load, humidified by a humidifier (not shown), and then cooled and heated by the air supply fan 114 to the air supply port. The air is blown into the room through the air outlet 116 and the air outlet 118. Since the blower outlet 118 is preferably provided so as to blow toward the opposite side of the window, the air blown from the blower outlet 118 is not directly sucked in through the wall suction port 98 or the return air port 106.

FIGS. 8 and 9 show yet another specific example. In this specific example, an empty heat pump unit 120
is installed in the ceiling 12, and takes in and exhausts outside air for a heat source and discharges surplus air through an outer wall opening 122.

As shown in FIG. 9, the air-cooled heat pump unit 120 has an inlet for surplus air 124 and an exhaust fan 126, and supplies the surplus air 124 to the upstream or downstream side of the outdoor coil 130 using a switching damper 128. Is possible. The surplus air 124 is supplied to the downstream side of the outdoor coil 130 in the summer when the temperature of the surplus air 124 is lower than the outside air 132.
This is the case when the temperature is higher than . In other cases, it is supplied upstream of the outdoor coil 130.

The window is double glazed and has substantially the same construction as the embodiment of FIG. The bottom and top of the space between the double panes are open, allowing access to the waist wall space and the air-cooled heat pump unit 1, respectively.
20 surplus air suction ports.

An outside air outlet 136 connected to an outside air duct 134 is provided on the ceiling 12 of the room to supply fresh air into the room. The outside air duct 134 is connected to an outside air processing air conditioner (not shown).
The outside air introduced into the building is adjusted in temperature and humidity and purified by the air conditioner, and then passed through the outside air duct 1.
34 to each chamber.

The indoor air sucked into the space in the waist wall from the wall suction port 98 is further guided to the space between the double-glazed windows.
After being heated and cooled by the heat load on the window surface, the surplus air 124 of the air-cooled heat pump unit 120 is sucked into the air-cooled heat pump unit 120 from the suction port, and the outside air for the heat source is drawn into the air-cooled heat pump unit 120 by the exhaust fan 126. Joins 132 and connects to outdoor coil 1
30, and is discharged through the outdoor fan 138.

Return air port 106 provided in the descending ceiling portion 104
Indoor air sucked in from the air-cooled heat pump
The air is introduced into the air-cooled heat pump unit 120 from the return air port 108 of the unit 120, and after being cooled and heated by the indoor coil 140 according to the indoor load, the indoor fan 142 returns the air to the air supply port and the blower. It is blown into the room through the outlet 118.
Since the air outlet 118 is provided so as to blow toward the opposite side of the window, the blown air is not directly sucked in from the wall suction port 98 or the return air port 106.

The applicant has disclosed three types of air conditioners here. The first is (1) a blower unit 26 that is installed under the window and blows the drawn indoor air along the windowpane, and (2) a flow path for the air from the blower unit that is formed between the windowpane. blind 28
(3) a blind box return air port 30 that is connected to the air conditioner and sucks air from the blower unit and indoor air; (4) a return air port 30 that cools and heats the return air and outside air from the return air port and supplies it indoors. In-ceiling air conditioner 1
4, 32, and (5) ceiling outlets 22, 62 that supply air from the air conditioner into the room (Figs. 1 and 2). The second is (6) guiding the indoor air sucked in from the bottom to the air conditioner in the ceiling,
Double-glazed windows 68, 70 with blinds and air channels inside; (7) an in-ceiling air conditioner similar to that described in (4) above; and (8) a similar to that described in (5) above. This air conditioning equipment consists of a ceiling air outlet (Figure 5).
The third is (9) double-glazed windows 86, 88 that have blinds and air channels inside that guide the indoor air sucked in from the bottom to the air conditioner's exhaust inlet in the ceiling.
(10) A ceiling return air port 106 that sucks indoor air near the window and guides it to the return air intake port of the air conditioner; (11) Cools and heats the return air and outside air from the return air port and supplies the air indoors. This is an air conditioning system consisting of an in-ceiling air conditioner 82, 102 that discharges exhaust gas from the double-glazed windows outdoors, and (12) a ceiling air outlet 118 similar to that described in (1) above. 6 and 8). However, these do not have a limiting meaning, and each element can be used interchangeably. for example,
It is also possible to arrange the blower unit 26 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 near the wall inlet of other embodiments. This can strengthen the suction force of the fans 54, 58, 100, 126 shown in FIGS. 3a, 7, and 9, for example, and has the effect of significantly increasing the ventilation capacity. Furthermore, the air supply duct shown in FIG. 2 can be used in either embodiment as required.
It is possible to enhance the ventilation effect in the interior zone. Also, depending on the structure of the building or its geographical conditions, the air conditioner could be housed within the ceiling of the interior zone. In addition, in Figures 1 and 6, a fan coil unit connected to a cold/hot water pipe is used as an air conditioner, and in Figures 2, 5, and 8, an air source heat pump unit is used, but if necessary, the air conditioner can be connected to a cooling water pipe. It is also possible to increase heat exchange efficiency by using a connected water heat source heat pump unit. In addition, outside air can be introduced through an opening in the exterior wall near the air conditioner (for example, Figures 2, 5, and 6), or outside air can be introduced into the building in a concentrated manner at a location away from the air conditioner, and then from there through a duct. or introducing it into an air conditioner through the ceiling (for example, Fig. 1);
The disclosure discloses using a device separate from the air conditioner to blow air into the room without going through the air conditioner (for example, FIG. 8), but these methods can also function in combination with other methods. In all of the above specific examples, the air conditioner is installed in the ceiling and separated from the building's outer wall, but it is also possible to install the air conditioner so that it is integrated with the outer wall of the building. Machine installation is simpler and safer.
It is definitely possible. This also applies to the blower unit, and by installing the blower unit in advance so that it is integrated with the outer wall, construction work can be simplified and floor space can be saved. Further, in order to further reduce the energy consumption of the air conditioner, it is desirable to arrange at least one supply air temperature detection device for each air conditioner near the boundary between the interior zone and the perimeter zone. For example, in the case of a fan coil unit, this allows air side coil bypass control,
To control the water volume and inlet water temperature, and in the case of a heat pump unit, turn on the compressor.
- Can perform OFF control, rotation speed control, etc.

In the present invention, in FIGS. 1 and 2, the indoor return air passage is composed of an outdoor glass and a blind, while in FIGS. 5, 6, and 8, the indoor return air passage is composed of an outdoor glass and an indoor glass, and the blind is Although it is housed between both glasses, this does not have any limiting meaning, and if necessary for the design, the indoor glass can be used in the former.
In the latter case, it is also possible to freely replace the indoor glass with blinds.

By having the above-described configuration, the present invention can provide excellent technical effects as described below.

(1) In order to eliminate the economic disadvantage of dividing the room into an interior zone and a perimeter zone and using multiple air conditioning units, the interior zone and perimeter zone of the room can be divided into A good indoor environment can be obtained in both the area and the perimeter zone.

(2) Since the air conditioner is installed in the ceiling near the window,
There is no need for a special air conditioner room like in the central system, and when using an air heat source heat pump air conditioner, there is no need for any machine room including a heat source machine room, allowing for effective use of building floor space.

(3) Since the air conditioners are installed separately, they can be operated individually only in the areas where they are needed, reducing energy loss.

(4) Return air ducts are almost unnecessary, and there may be no supply air ducts, or just the depth of the room, reducing pressure loss in the ducts, significantly reducing fan power and saving energy.

(5) Duct work will be reduced and construction will be easier.

(6) When using an air-cooled heat pump unit, it is possible to eliminate the need for piping and duct work other than drain pipes, resulting in significant labor savings in construction.

(7) If part of the return air to the air conditioner or all of the air that passes through the double-glazed windows is discharged outside the building, the capacity of the heat source equipment can be reduced and the annual load on the equipment will also be reduced.

(8) Cold drafts that occur near windows in winter can be almost completely prevented.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram similar to FIG. 1 showing the second embodiment, and FIG.
Figures a and 3b are operational diagrams showing the air-cooled heat pump unit in Figure 2 during minimum outside air operation and outside air cooling; Figure 4 is a schematic plan view showing the duct in Figure 2;
5 is a diagram similar to FIG. 1 showing the third embodiment, FIG. 6 is a diagram similar to FIG. 1 showing the fourth embodiment, and FIG.
The figure is an enlarged explanatory view of the fan coil unit shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing the fifth embodiment, and Fig. 9 is an enlarged explanatory view of the air-cooled heat pump unit shown in Fig. 8. be. Explanation of symbols 10: Air conditioner, 12: Ceiling, 1
4: Fan coil unit, 16: Cold and hot water pipe,
18: Outside air duct, 20: Suction port, 22: Air outlet, 24: Glass window, 26: Air blower unit, 2
8: Blind, 30: Return air port, 32: Air cooling heat pump unit, 34: External wall opening, 36:
Total heat exchanger, 38: outside air, 40: return air, 42: air path switching board, 44, 46: supply air, 48, 50: exhaust, 52: outdoor coil, 54: outdoor fan,
56: Indoor coil, 58: Indoor fan, 6
0: Air supply duct, 62: Air outlet, 64: Air cooling heat pump unit, 66: Outer wall opening, 68,
70: Glass, 78: Blind, 80: Air outlet, 82: Fan coil unit, 86,8
8: Glass, 100: Exhaust fan, 106: Return air port, 118: Air outlet, 120: Air cooling heat pump unit, 136: Outside air outlet.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An air conditioner is installed in the ceiling of a room, and return air from the room is forcibly sucked into the ceiling through a ceiling opening provided near the top of a glass window and guided to the air conditioner. Also, an air conditioner characterized in that air cooled and heated by the air conditioner is supplied indoors according to the heating and cooling load in the room. 2. The air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein an air supply duct extending toward an interior zone is connected to the air conditioner, and air is supplied into the room from an air supply port provided in the duct. 3. Install an air supply vent that opens into the room in the ceiling below the air conditioner, connect the air supply vent to the air supply vent of the air conditioner, and supply air to the interior of the room through the air supply vent provided in the ceiling. An air conditioner according to claim 1, which blows out air. 4. The air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the air conditioner is a fan coil unit connected to cold and hot water pipes. 5. The air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the air conditioner is an air source heat pump unit. 6. The air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the air conditioner is a water heat source heat pump unit connected to a cooling water pipe. 7. The air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein outside air is introduced into the room via an air conditioner. 8. The air conditioner according to claim 7, wherein outside air is introduced into the air conditioner through an opening in an outer wall near the air conditioner. 9. The air conditioner according to claim 7, wherein outside air is introduced into the building in a concentrated manner away from the air conditioner, and from there is introduced into each air conditioner through a duct or inside the ceiling. . 10. The air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein outside air is introduced into the room through a separate outdoor conditioner and then blown into the room without going through an air conditioner. 11. The air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein part or all of the return air from the room can be discharged to the outside of the building through an opening in the outer wall near the air conditioner. 12. The air conditioner according to claim 7, wherein the air conditioner includes a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between introduced outside air and exhaust air. 13. The air conditioner according to claim 12, which allows outside air to be introduced indoors without going through a heat exchanger. 14. The air conditioner according to claim 5, wherein exhaust gas from the room is discharged outside the building after passing through an outdoor heat exchanger. 15 A blower unit with an outlet that sucks indoor air from near the floor and blows it upward along the window glass is installed on the waist wall of the glass window, and a blower unit is installed on the ceiling near the glass window that blows indoor air along the glass window. The air conditioner according to claim 1, having an air vent. 16. The air conditioner according to claim 15, wherein the return air port also serves as a blind box. 17 The glass window has a multilayer structure, a blind is installed in the space formed by the indoor glass and the outdoor glass, an opening is provided at the lower end of the space, and indoor air is sucked through the opening, The air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein air flows upward through the space and passes through a return air port provided at the upper end of the space. 18 The glass window has a multi-layered structure, and a blind is installed in the space formed by the indoor glass and the outdoor glass, and an opening is provided at the lower end of the space, and surplus indoor air is sucked through the opening. Claim 1, further comprising an exhaust device in which excess indoor air flows upward through the space, passes through an opening at the upper end of the space connected to the exhaust side of the air conditioner, and is discharged to the outside of the building. The air conditioner described. 19. The air conditioner according to claim 17 or 18, wherein an opening is formed at the lower end of the indoor glass. 20 The lower end of the space formed by the indoor glass and the outdoor glass communicates with the space in the waist wall, and the space in the waist wall has an opening on the indoor side near the floor surface. An air conditioner according to claim 17 or 18.