JPS63142123A - Leveling work of rubble foundation under water - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce the number of staff member as well as raise the efficiency of operation by a method in which the height of rubble foundation in water is automatically measured, and on the basis of the results of the measurement, the rubble foundation under water is leveled off. CONSTITUTION:Detected data from a light position sensor receiving a horizontal beam from a light projector 54 during the rough and main leveling operations are received by the transmitter-receiver 46 of a crane chamber 32. The present height of rubble-mound is obtained from the detected data by an arithmetic unit 40, and on the basis of the present height and the settling amount of the weight, the dropping height of the weight is obtained and displayed on a displayer 44. A winder 34 is controlled by a control board 36 and the weight is dropped.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a construction method for leveling the foundation of underwater rubble using a weight.

[Prior Art] In order to form an underwater rubble foundation, stones (rubble) are first dropped onto the bottom of the water and piled up.

Then, a weight is repeatedly dropped onto the top surface of the piled rubble, thereby roughly leveling the top surface to be approximately flat.

Furthermore, the weight is repeatedly dropped until the top surface of the rubble becomes flat at the planned height, and the top surface is leveled.

Once the underwater rubble foundation has been formed in this way, caissons are installed on it, for example to build a breakwater.

Here, in order to accurately level the upper surface of the rubble piled up in the water, it is necessary to adjust the falling height of the weight according to the height of the upper surface of the rubble.

For this reason, conventionally, the height of the top surface of the rubble has been checked in the following manner during the work of leveling the top surface of the rubble.

First, a tower (protruding part) with its upper end protruding above the water is erected on a weight, and the weight is suspended through this.

Then, the amount of protrusion of the exposed part of the tower above the water is measured using a measuring device installed at a fixed point such as an existing breakwater.

The measurement results were successively communicated from the operator of the measuring device to the operator of the crane for lifting the weight using a transmitter/receiver, and the height of the top surface of the rubble was confirmed from the measurement results.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the past, there was a problem in that a measuring instrument operator in addition to the crane operator was required to measure the height of the top surface of the rubble.

In addition, it takes a long time to measure the height of the top surface of the rubble, and communication between both operators via radio or other means is required each time the weight drop height is adjusted, which reduces work efficiency. Ta.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems,
The purpose is to provide a leveling construction method for underwater rubble foundations that can reduce the number of personnel, improve work efficiency, and automatically measure the height of the top surface of rubble.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention involves dropping and stacking rubble for foundation formation on the water bottom until it exceeds the planned height of the foundation by a predetermined amount, so that the upper part is exposed above the sea. By repeatedly dropping a weight with a tower-like protrusion erected, the top surface of the rubble is roughly leveled to a predetermined height until the top surface of the rubble above the water bottom becomes flat at the height of the foundation h1. In the leveling method for underwater rubble foundations, in which the final leveling is performed by repeatedly dropping a weight, a beam starting station that emits a horizontal beam toward the protrusion of the weight is moved from the protrusion of the weight. At the same time, a sensor for detecting the incident position of the horizontal beam is attached to the protruding part, and the height of the top surface of the rubble is automatically measured based on the detection signal of the sensor, and the basic level of the underwater rubble is determined based on the measurement result. It is characterized by the fact that it performs the following functions.

[Function] The present invention is a foundation leveling method in which the height of an underwater rubble foundation can be automatically measured and the measurement result can be obtained only on the operating side of a weight.

[Effects] The foundation leveling method according to the present invention eliminates the need for personnel to measure the height of the top surface of the rubble, making it possible to efficiently use the personnel required to form the underwater rubble foundation.

Further, according to the present invention, the measurement can be carried out in a short time and the wireless communication is not carried out during adjustment of the weight fall height, so that work efficiency can be significantly improved.

[Example J Hereinafter, the construction method according to the present invention will be explained based on a preferred example.

First, an outline of the basic leveling process, which is the premise of this embodiment, will be explained.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, a caisson 10 for constructing a breakwater is installed on the seabed 12.

The rubble stones 14 forming the foundation of the caisson 10 are dropped onto the seabed 12 as shown in FIG. 2 (A>) and stacked as shown in FIG. 2 (B).

In that case, the height H that exceeds the foundation height 1-1o by a specified amount
Rubble stones 14 are stacked up to 1, and flag bearers 16 are erected on both sides as shown in Figure 6.

The upper parts of these flag bearers 16 protrude from the sea surface, and a flag is attached to the tip. Therefore, the flag bearer 16 can easily confirm the rubble dropping position from the sea.

Furthermore, as the weight 18 shown in FIG. 3 is repeatedly dropped, the upper surface of the rubble 14 on the seabed 12 becomes
As shown in the figure (C>), it is roughly leveled and made approximately flat.

During this rough leveling, the weight 18 shall be kept in a horizontal position when it lands on the bottom, and its position shall be such that the weight 18 is placed on a tower 1 erected on the top of the weight 18 above the sea, as shown in Figure 3. If there is a protruding part, you can roughly judge it from its slope.

Incidentally, the inclination of the portion of the tower 1 that projects above the sea corresponds to the direction of the unevenness of the upper surface of the rubble 14, and the amount of seaward projection of the tower 1 serves as a predetermined standard for measuring the height of the upper surface of the rubble 14.

As shown in Figure 3, the tower 1 is constructed by arranging beams 5 and reinforcement members 6 at appropriate intervals on four pillars 4 that are planted on the top surface of a weight 18. A metal fitting 9 for wire hooking is provided at the upper end portion.

Further, the main body of the weight 18 is made of a rectangular extra-thick steel plate 20, and steel protrusions for compacting the rubble 14 may be arranged at equal intervals on the lower surface of the main body.

In addition, drain holes 24 are formed in the main body, which reduce the falling resistance of the weight 18 and prevent small rubble stones 14 from scattering when the weight 18 lands on the bottom.

Metal fittings 26 are provided at each of the four corners of the upper surface of the extra-thick steel plate 20 for connection to the tower 1, and the weight 18 is suspended from the wire 28 in a horizontal position via the tower 1. There is.

On the other hand, tower 1 in Figure 3 is omitted and Figure 4 (A>
It is also possible to suspend the weight 18 directly by the wire 28 as shown in FIG.

When the upper surface of the rubble 14 is roughly leveled as described above, the weight 18 is repeatedly dropped until the upper surface becomes flat at the planned height HO.

At this time, the height of the upper surface of the rubble 14 is determined from the amount of seaward protrusion of the tower 1, and the height at which the weight 18 falls is adjusted according to the determined height.

When the final leveling of the upper surface of the rubble 14 is completed and the underwater rubble foundation is completed, the caisson 10 is installed on top of it as described above.

In this way, the process of leveling the rubble foundation is proceeded in the order of throwing rubble, rough leveling, and main leveling.

Next, to explain the equipment on the ship, the wire 2
8 is carried out by a winder 34 installed in the crane room 32 of the work boat 30 as shown in FIG. 5, and the winder 34 is installed in the crane room 32 as shown in FIG. It is controlled by a control panel 36.

The load on the winder 34 is detected by a load cell 38 for detecting whether the weight 18 has bottomed out, and the detection signal is supplied to the control panel 36.

Note that a gauge 82 is attached to the boom 80, and the load on the winding machine 34 for detecting the bottoming of the weight 18 is determined by the gauge 82.
The amount of deflection of the boom 80 may be measured and detected.

Further, the control panel 36 is given necessary data from an arithmetic unit 40 constituted by a computer, and a keyboard 42 and a display 44 such as a CRT are connected to the arithmetic unit 40.

It is also preferable that a wired or wireless transmitter/receiver 46 is also connected to the arithmetic unit 40, so that communication can be performed between the transmitter/receiver 46 and the transmitter/receiver 66.

On the other hand, a floodlight 54 is installed on a monitoring platform 70 installed on the sea, and the floodlight 54 is composed of a laser oscillator 56 that emits a laser beam horizontally, and a drive mechanism 58 that rotationally drives the laser oscillator 56. .

The laser beam from the projector 54 is projected onto, for example, two optical position detectors 62 shown in FIG. 1, and the incident position of the laser beam is detected by these.

Therefore, the light receiving element of each optical position detector 62 includes a photodiode or phototransistor array, or a P
SD is used.

Note that each optical position detector 62 may be configured with a mechanism that rotationally drives a light receiving element so that the incident position of the laser beam can be detected at a wide angle.

It is also preferable to use a static scanning type.

These optical position detectors 62 are, for example, the pillars 4 and 4 of the tower 1.
. . and are respectively attached to the sea exposed portion (or the connecting member 19a in FIG. 4).

Furthermore, the above-mentioned transmitter/receiver 66 is attached to the upper end of the tower 1, and each optical position detector 62 is attached to this transmitter/receiver 66.
is connected.

Communication is performed between the transmitter/receiver 66 and the transmitter/receiver 46, and the height of the top surface of the rubble 14 is determined in the arithmetic unit 40 based on required data given via the transmitter/receiver 66.

This embodiment has the above-mentioned configuration, and next, the process order of the construction method according to this embodiment will be explained.

When the dropping of rubble onto the seabed 12 is completed and the power is turned on to the Radhe oscillator 56 and the drive mechanism 58 that constitute the floodlight 54 and the emission of a laser beam begins in a predetermined angular range, the power is also turned on in the arithmetic unit 40. is injected.

Data such as the rough leveling height Hl and the main leveling height Ho of the rubble stone 14 are input to the calculation device 40 from the keyboard 42,
The weight 18 will be dropped once at the position where rough leveling should start.

Further, each of the optical position detectors 62 detects the transmitting/receiving IJ.
Detection data given through 166.46 is taken into the arithmetic unit 40, and based on this, the top surface height of the rubble 14 is determined and displayed.

When the start of rough leveling work is commanded from the keyboard 42, the weight 18 is first raised to a height determined by the height of the upper surface of the rubble 14 required at that time, and then dropped.

At that time, the target height and current height of the rubble stone 14.

At the same time, the amount of inflow due to the falling weight is displayed.

Furthermore, when the falling height of the weight 18 is calculated based on the current height double weight sinking amount and displayed, the arithmetic unit 4
At 0, it is determined whether rough leveling of the top surface of the rubble stone has been completed.

If the rough leveling of the top surface of the rubble is not completed, the above operation will be repeated.

Thereafter, the rough leveling of the top surface of the rubble is completed, and a notification to that effect is given to the arithmetic unit 40 from the keyboard 42.

Note that while waiting until the actual leveling is started, the height of the top surface of the rubble and the planned height Ho of the top surface of the rubble are displayed.

After that, when the keyboard 42 issues a command to the arithmetic unit 40 to start the main leveling work, the weight 18 is first raised to a height determined by the height of the top surface of the rubble 14 that was required at that time, and then the weight 18 is 18 is dropped.

At that time, the bottoming posture of the weight 18 is determined based on the incident position of the laser beam detected by each optical position detector 62, and the posture is displayed, and the planned height HO of the rubble 14 and the current At the same time, the amount of inflow caused by dropping a weight one height is also displayed.

Furthermore, the planned height 10 and the current height of rubble stone 14.

When the falling height of the weight 18 is determined and displayed based on the amount of inflow caused by the weight falling, the arithmetic unit 40 determines whether or not the main leveling of the top surface of the rubble has been completed.

If the main leveling of the top surface of the rubble is not completed, the above operation is repeated, and during this time, the direction of unevenness and the amount of inclination of the top surface of the rubble are quantitatively visually confirmed from the display of the bottoming position of the weight 18, and the weight is 18's falling position can be accurately determined.

Thereafter, the final leveling of the top surface of the rubble is completed, and a notification to that effect is given to the arithmetic unit 40 from the keyboard 42.

As understood from the above description, the optical position detector 62 receives the horizontal beam from the projector 54 during rough leveling and main leveling.
Based on the detection data, the current height of the top surface of the rubble is determined,
Further, the falling height of the weight 18 is automatically determined and displayed based on the current height and the sinking depth of the weight.

Therefore, according to this embodiment, even an unskilled person can operate the crane easily and accurately.

Furthermore, since the attitude of the weight 18 that has landed on the bottom is displayed, the direction of the unevenness of the top surface of the rubble can be accurately confirmed from the display and the attitude of the tower 1.

Therefore, according to this embodiment, even an unskilled person can easily and accurately operate the crane to move the weight 18 to the falling position.

Since the crane operation can be performed easily and accurately in this manner, it is possible to level the top surface of the rubble in a short time.

During this time, the falling height of the weight 18 is automatically determined, so there is no need for personnel to measure it.

Therefore, according to this embodiment, the number of personnel for rough leveling and main leveling operations can be reduced, and as a result, it is possible to greatly improve the efficiency of rough leveling and main leveling operations.

Further, according to this embodiment, since the laser oscillator 56 is rotationally driven and the laser beam is emitted at a wide angle in the horizontal direction, it is not necessary to accurately direct the laser beam in the direction of the tower 1. 54 installation work is facilitated.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is an explanatory diagram of the overall configuration of the measurement system, Figure 2 (8)
, (B), (C), ([)) are explanatory diagrams of the work procedure, Figure 3 is an explanatory diagram of the structure of the tower, Figure 4 is an explanatory diagram of the structure of the weight, and Figure 5 is an explanatory diagram of the onboard equipment. , FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the position where rubble is thrown. 1... Tower 10... Caisson 12... Seabed 14... Rubble 18... Weight 28... Wire 34... Winding separate 36... Control panel 38... Load cell 40 . . . Arithmetic device 42 . ...Transmitter/receiver 70...Monitoring stand.

Claims (1)

[Claims] The rubble for forming the foundation is dropped onto the water bottom and stacked up until it exceeds the planned height of the foundation by a predetermined amount, and the rubble is repeatedly dropped by dropping a weight with an erected protrusion whose upper part is exposed above the sea. Leveling of underwater rubble foundations by roughly leveling the top surface to a predetermined height, and then final leveling by repeatedly dropping a weight until the top surface of the underwater bottom rubble is flat at the planned foundation height. In the construction method, a beam oscillation station that emits a horizontal beam toward the protrusion of the weight is provided at a position away from the protrusion of the weight, and a sensor detects the incident position of the horizontal beam on the protrusion. A method for leveling an underwater rubble foundation, characterized in that the height of the top surface of the rubble is automatically measured based on the detection signal of the sensor, and the foundation is leveled based on the measurement results.