JPS63102818A - Method of machining crankshaft pin - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make it possible to facilitate the disposal of chips with no torsional load being exerted to a crankshaft, by arranging cutters on both diametrically opposite sides of the crankshaft, by making these cutters face to the pin parts, respectively, and by rotating the cutters in directions reverse to each other. CONSTITUTION:A cutter 10 set on one side of a crankshaft W and a cutter 20 on the other side thereof are rotated in direction reverse to each other to machine parts 20 having a phase difference of 180 deg. therebetween, at both diametrically opposite sides of the crankshaft W, simultaneously. Accordingly, torsional loads produced in the crankshaft W in the rotating directions of the cutters 10, 20 during cutting are canceled out with each other, and therefore no useless torsional load is exerted to the crankshaft W. Further, since the cutters 10, 20 are arranged on both sides of the crankshaft W, chips produced during cutting scatter in one and the same direction even though the rotating directions of the cutters 10, 20 are reverse to each other. Accordingly, it is possible to facilitate the disposal of chips.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a method of machining a crankshaft pin.

(Prior art) Conventionally, after forging and forming a crankshaft used in automobiles, etc., when finish machining the area around the pin that connects to the connecting rod, the crankshaft is rotatable to one side in the radial direction, and the predetermined part to be machined is Many processing machines are used that are equipped with a cutter that can move forward and backward in the direction of the pin.

FIG. 7 shows a conventional device for machining the pin portion of a crankshaft, which is equipped with two cutters, and the crankshaft is rotatably gripped at both ends by chuck devices (100) and (101). Rotary cutters (102) and (103) are arranged on the negative side of (W), and these cutters (102) and (103) are feed screws (104).

By rotation of (105), it can freely move forward and backward in the direction of the pin portions (Wal) and (Wa2) of the crank shirt (W).

The crankshaft (W) +7) pin part (Wal), (Wa
Processing method 2) first rotates the crankshaft (Ill) and moves the predetermined pin parts (Wa'l) and ('Wa2) to the farthest position from the cutters (102) and (103).
That is, after fixing the crankshaft (W) by placing the cutter (102) on the opposite side of the cutter (103), the cutter (102) is placed as conceptually shown in FIG.

While rotating (103), the pin part (Wal), (Wa2
), and then rotate the crankshaft to rotate the pin parts (wal) and (Wa2) around the journal part, and cutters (102) and (10
3) cutters (102) and (103) while rotating.
) is the pin part (Wal).

Move the pin part (Wal) forward and backward along the outer periphery of (Wa2).
.

The area around (Wa2) is being processed.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In the above conventional technology, the rotating cutters (102) and (103) are connected to the pin portion (Wal) of the crankshaft (W) from the − side of the crankshaft (W). , (WB2)
5 to process the crankshaft (W) by pressing
A torsional load due to cutting is applied in the direction of rotation of the screws (102), (103) whose both ends are held by chuck devices (100) and (101). Therefore, the crankshaft (W
) and cause chattering vibrations on the cutting surface.Especially when two cutters are installed as shown in Figure 7, the cutting speed is twice as high as when using one cutter. The problem was severe due to the torsional load.

Furthermore, if the two cutters installed on one side of the crankshaft are rotated in opposite directions, the torsional loads described above will be canceled out, but the scattering direction of the chips generated during cutting will be, for example, up and down. This was not desirable for the device because it was bidirectional as shown in FIG.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to provide a crankshaft that does not generate unnecessary torsional loads on the crankshaft and that facilitates the disposal of chips generated during cutting. To provide a method for processing a shaft pin.

(Means for solving the problem) The method for solving the above problem is as follows:
In a method of machining the pin portions of a crankshaft having pin portions with a 0 degree phase difference using a rotary cutter, each cutter is disposed on both sides in the radial direction of the crankshaft, and the cutters are processed with a 180 degree phase difference. The cutters, which are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the crankshaft, are rotated in opposite directions, and the crankshaft is rotated to remove the pin part to be machined from the cutter. After positioning the cutter on the farthest side, the cutter is advanced and retreated from both sides of the crankshaft to process each pin portion at the same time.

(Function) According to the above method, the rotation directions of the cutter on one side of the crankshaft and the cutter on the other side are reversed, and pin portions having a phase difference of 180 degrees on both sides of the crankshaft are simultaneously machined. As a result, the cutting torsional load in the direction of rotation of the cutter generated on the crankshaft is canceled out, and no unnecessary torsional load is generated on the crankshaft.

Furthermore, since the cutters are disposed on both sides of the crankshaft, chips generated by cutting are scattered in the same direction even if the cutters are rotated in opposite directions.

(Embodiment) A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached FIGS. 1 to 6.

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a processing device for crankshaft pins, and FIG. 2 is a side view thereof. In the center of FIG. 1, left and right chuck devices (5) are shown at both ends.

(8) Crankshaft gripped by (Ill)
(hereinafter referred to as the work) are arranged long on the left and right. The zipper on the right! ! (8) is supported by the work head (2) fixed to the device base (1), and the left chuck device (5) is supported by the rails (
4), (4) are supported by a movable tail stock (3), and the left and right chuck devices are supported by a work rotation motor (7) fixed to the work head (2) side on the device base (1). ), and rotatably supports the gripped workpiece (-).

In the front and back direction of the workpiece (trade), two cutters (10) and (20) for machining the pin part (a) of the workpiece (W) are perpendicular to the workpiece (W) and sandwich the workpiece (-). These cutters (10), (
2G) respectively advance and retreat toward the workpiece (W) and move toward the workpiece (W).
Machining the two pin parts (Wa) of the workpiece (Ill)
The pin portions (Wa) of the workpiece (11) are machined one after another by moving in the axial direction of the workpiece (11), that is, in the left-right direction. The cutters (10) and (20) are disk-shaped and have a plurality of cutting tools on the outer periphery, and the rotation of the cutters mills the pin portion (Wa) of the workpiece (11). be.

The devices for moving and driving the front and rear two cutters (10) and (20) in Fig. 1 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the workpiece axis and are exactly the same.
Only the moving/rotating drive device for the cutter (lO) in front of the cutter (lO) will be explained, and the rest will be omitted.

As shown in the side view of the device in Figure 2, the front device base (
1) Approximately in the center of the top, there is a 2゜ wooden rail (11
), (11) are fixedly installed, and the rail (it).

A left/right moving table (12) is placed on (11), which is movable left and right along the rails (11), (11). The left and right moving table (12) has rails (11), (11)
Because it is screwed onto the feed screw shaft of the left-right movement motor (13) fixed to the right side of the right-most equipment base (1),
The left-right moving table (12) can be moved left and right by rotation of a left-right moving motor (13). Also, there is a front-rear rail (14) approximately in the center of this left-right moving table (12).
.

(14) is mounted with a back-and-forth moving table (16) on which a cutter (10), etc. is installed, and on this back-and-forth moving table (1B) is a table fixed to the front end side of the left-right moving table (12). Since the feed screw shaft of the back-and-forth movement motor (17) is screwed, the rotation of the back-and-forth movement motor (17) moves the back and forth movement table (
1B) is movable back and forth along the rails (14), (14). Therefore, the cutter (lO) is left and right.
Together with the forward and backward moving tables (12) and (1B), the workpiece is moved towards the workpiece by the left and right and forward and backward movement motors (13) and (1B), and processing around the pin portion (Wa) is performed.

A cutter drive motor (15) for rotationally driving the cutter (10) is fixed to the longitudinally movable table (16) together with its reduction gear and power transmission device, and is rotated to the left at the front of the longitudinally movable table (16). A freely supported cutter (10) is rotated at a predetermined speed. A flywheel (18) is connected to the right side of the cutter (10), and
A cutter support arm (18) is fixed to the left end of the cutter (10) to rotatably support the cutter (10) and prevent machining runout of the cutter (10). This cutter support arm (19) is attached to the back and forth moving base (IB).
) can be moved back and forth along the wedge-shaped protrusion (lea) on the left side of the cutter (10), and by loosening the locking device fi (19a) and moving it back and forth, the cutter (10) can be attached and removed. It is possible.

Also, the device base (1) below the attachment of the workpiece (11) is provided with chip holes (Ia), (Ia), and the chip holes (ta)
.

A chi and a conveyor (30) are provided below (1a), and a workpiece (W) cut by a cutter (10) is cut.
The chips pass through the chip holes (la) and (Ia), and are automatically transferred to the chip box (on the side of the machine) by the chip compare (30).
31). The lower part of the device is placed in a pit (40) to adjust the working height by one worker, and a lid member (41) is placed on the bit (40) around the device.

The operation of this embodiment will be explained below.

This device is controlled by NC program control, and the shape of the workpiece (W), for example, the shape of the workpiece (W).
) from the journal part (wb) center to the pin part (W&)
The distance from and cutters (10) and (2) correspondingly.
G) moves back and forth, left and right to the workpiece (Wano 1:" 7
Control sale is performed so that part (Wa) is processed.

In addition, the workpiece destination) is 6 as shown in Figures 3 and 4.
It is a crankshaft of a cylinder engine, and its first pin part (WAL), second pin part (WA2), and third pin part (WAL),
Wa3), the 4th pin part (Wa4), and the 5th and 2nd"\
.

The pinot part (Wa5) and the sixth pin part (Wa6) are each shifted in phase by 180 degrees around the journal part (wb), and the phase between each pin part (Wa) is shifted by 80 degrees. . When processing a workpiece (W) with this device, two cutters (10) and (20) are used to process the workpiece (W).
Since the pin parts (Wa) are arranged so as to sandwich the pin parts (Wa), the pin parts (Wa) whose phases are shifted by 180 degrees are machined at the same time. The width of the cutters (10) and (20) is the same as the pin part (
The length of the cutter (Wa) is equal to the length of the cutter (Wa).
The centers of 10) and (20) and the center of the journal part (wb) of the workpiece (W) are on the same horizontal line.

First, the workpiece (W) is lowered from the top of the left and right chuck devices (5) and (6) in Fig. 1, and both ends of the workpiece (W) are gripped by the left and right chuck devices a (5) and (8). to fix the workpiece (W) on the device. In this case, circumferential positioning of the workpiece is done using the keyway, etc. at the end of the workpiece as a reference, and all phases of the pin part relative to this reference are memorized in the device. .Work C'
lJ) is different from the specified length, the locking device (
3a), Loosen (3a) and move the tailstock (3) using the handle (32) to adjust. work(
When W) is gripped by the chuck devices (5) and (8), the work rotation motor (7) rotates the chuck devices (5) and (1).
3) are rotated by a predetermined angle and the first and second pin parts (Wal) are to be lowered as shown in FIG.

(A2) is placed at the farthest position from the cutters (10) and (20), and then the workpiece (W) is fixed.

The cutters (10) and (20) are equipped with a left-right moving motor (13).
).

(23), the first and second pin parts (Zal), (W
a2) and are rotated in opposite directions by cutter drive motors (15) and (25). The cutters (10) and (20) move the workpiece (W) by the back and forth movement motors (17) and (27).
The processing pins (Wal) and (Wa2) advance toward the fifth
Workpiece (W) is processed as shown in Figures a to f (7). A to f in Fig. 5 are the cutters (10) of the first pin part (Wal).
The cutter (10) rotates and advances to the side of the first pin part (Wa 1 ), as shown by a, and cuts the workpiece (Wal) that supports the first pin part (Wal). After machining both inner sides of the arm part (Wc) of W), the workpiece (W) is rotated by the workpiece rotation motor (7) as shown in b to f, and the cutter (10) also moves its pin according to the rotation. It moves forward and backward while rotating so as to touch the outer periphery of the pin portion (Wa 1 ), and processes the outer periphery of the pin portion (Wa 1 ) and both inner sides of the arm portion (Wc) so that the hatched portions in the figure are erased. In this case, the second pin part (Wa2) is machined by the cutter (20) at the same time from the direction completely opposite to that of the first pin part (Wa1), so it is parallel to the workpiece (W) as shown in Fig. 6. A cutter that acts on (
10).

The cutting loads F and F of (20) cancel each other out, and no unnecessary bending moment or the like is applied to the workpiece (crocodile).

This allows the chuck device (
5) and (8) can also be achieved by using small-sized devices with relatively low gripping force.

Additionally, two cutters (10) as shown in FIG.

The rotation directions of the cutters (20) are opposite to each other, and the two cutters (10) and (20) move symmetrically with respect to the axis of the workpiece (W), so the two cutters (10) and (20)
The torsional loads @S in the circumferential direction of the workpiece generated by cutting the workpiece cancel each other out, preventing unnecessary torsional loads from acting on the workpiece.
It is possible to reduce the torsion caused by machining and the chatter vibration of the cutting surface, and also to reduce the gripping force of the workpiece, and to further miniaturize the chuck devices (5) and (6). Can be done. In addition, the chips generated by the respective cutters (10) and (20) can be scattered in the same direction, that is, below the device, so that they can also be disposed of through the chip holes (LA), (LA) and the chip conveyor ( 30).

Thus, the workpiece (the first and second pin parts (Wal) of fishing.

When the processing of (Wa2) is completed, the cutter (10), (2
0) is separated from the workpiece (W) by the forward and backward movement motors (17) and (27), and the left and right movement motor (17)
), (27), the next third and fourth pin parts (Wa3)
, (Wa4), and as in the case of the first and second pin parts (Wal) and (Wa2) described above, the workpiece (
W) is rotated by a predetermined angle.

The same operations are repeated, such as aligning the phases of the third and fourth pin parts (trade a3) and (Wa0) with the positions of cutters (10) and (20). When the machining of all pin parts (Wa) is completed, The cutters (10) and (20) return to their predetermined positions, and the finished workpiece (W) is transferred to another workpiece (W).
W) can be replaced.

Although the phase of the pin part (Wa) of the workpiece (W) used here is shifted by 180 degrees between specific adjacent ones, it is not limited to this, and even if they are not adjacent to each other, the phase of the pin part (Wa) of the workpiece (W) is shifted by 180 degrees. There is no problem as long as there are pin portions (Wa) whose phases are shifted by 180 degrees.

(Effects of the Invention) As is clear from the above, according to the present invention, the rotation directions of the cutter on one side of the crankshaft and the cutter on the other side are reversed, and the cutter is inserted into the crankshaft from both sides in the radial direction of the crankshaft. move symmetrically to the axis of
Since the pin parts are machined at the same time with a 180 degree phase difference, the cutting torsional loads in the direction of rotation of the cutter that occur on the crankshaft can be canceled out, and the torsion caused by machining on the crankshaft and chatter on the machined surface can be eliminated. Vibration can be reduced. Furthermore, as shown in the embodiments, the gripping force at both ends of the crankshaft can be made relatively small, so the chuck device can be downsized.

Furthermore, since the cutters are arranged on both sides of the crankshaft, even if the cutter rotation direction is reversed, the direction of movement of the cutter due to rotation relative to the crankshaft can be the same, and the cuts generated by each cutter can be made the same. Powder can also be scattered in the same direction, making it easier to dispose of it.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a plan view of the processing device for the pin part of the crankshaft, Fig. 2 is a side view of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a plan view of the crankshaft, and Fig. 4 is a view taken along arrow A-A in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 shows the machining situation of the pin part, Fig. 6 shows the state of simultaneous machining of the pin part by two cutters, and Fig. 7 shows the machining device of the crankshaft pin part according to the prior art. FIG. In one drawing, (10) and (20) are cutters, (W) is a crankshaft, and (Wa) is a pin portion. Figure 7 Wa

Claims (1)

[Claims] A method of machining pin portions of a crankshaft having pin portions that are out of phase by 180 degrees in the circumferential direction using a rotary cutter, wherein cutters are disposed on both sides of the crankshaft in the radial direction, and the cutter are respectively opposed to the pin portions to be machined with a phase difference of 180 degrees, and the cutters disposed so as to face each other on both sides of the crankshaft are rotated in opposite directions, and the crankshaft is rotated, and the A method for machining a crankshaft pin, characterized in that after positioning the pin part to be machined on the farthest side from the cutter, the cutter is moved forward and backward from both sides of the crankshaft to machine each of the pin parts simultaneously.