JPS6256002A - Microwave 180× hybrid - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To eliminate the need for a through hole of an integrated circuit substrate by using a Range coupler for a part of a 270 deg. phase shifter. CONSTITUTION:In inputting a signal from a terminal 1, the signal power is bisected to a 1/4 wavelength line 5 and the Range coupler 11. The input signal to a terminal 11-1 of the coupler 11 is propagated to terminals 11-2, 11-3 at a phase delay of 90 deg., 0 deg. and since the terminals 11-2, 11-3 are grounded, the signals are reflected totally and a phase rotation of 180 deg. is caused by the full reflection, then the total phase delay of the reflected waves is respectively 270 deg., 180 deg.. The reflected wave is propagated to a terminal 11-4 at a phase delay of 0 deg. by coupler lines 12-1, 12-3 and the reflected wave from the terminal 11-3 is propagated to the terminal 11-4 at a phase delay of 90 deg., then the reflected wave is propagated to the terminal 11-4 at a phase delay of 270 deg. and the signals are synthesized in phase. Thus, no through hole is required to the substrate.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a 180° hybrid suitable for microwave integrated circuits.

(Conventional technology) An example of a conventional 180' hybrid is shown in FIG.

In Figure 2, 1.2.3.4 is 18 (1' hybrid four-terminal, 5.6.7 is 1/4 wavelength line, 8 is coupled line, and 9.10 is ground. This circuit is , 1/4 wavelength line 5.6.7 operates as a 90° phase shifter, and the coupled line 8 operates as a 270° phase shifter.

The whole structure constitutes a 180° hybrid.

However, this 180° hybrid has the following two drawbacks.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) - It is necessary to make a through hole in the integrated circuit board in order to ground the point 9 inside the 180° hybrid.

■To set the terminal impedance of 4 terminals 1.2, 3.4 of 180' hybrid to 50Ω, 1/4 wavelength line 5
, 6.7 and the video impedance of the coupled line 8 need to be 70Ω. for example,
When forming a 180° hybrid with an operating frequency of 7 GHz using a microstrip line on a GaAs substrate with a substrate thickness of 0.15 mm, the coupled line 8 has a coupling length of 4I and a coupling spacing of 1.
It becomes less than μm. This dimension is not easy to achieve using conventional photoetching and metal deposition processes.The purpose of the present invention is to eliminate these drawbacks and to provide a single IC suitable for microwave integrated circuits.
Our goal is to provide an 80° hybrid.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The microwave 180° hybrid of the present invention is characterized by using a Lange coupler in the 270° phase shifter portion.

There is no need for through holes in the integrated circuit board, which were previously required.
Another difference from conventional circuits is that the circuit is configured with a line coupling interval that can be easily realized on an integrated circuit board.

(Function) Since the outer terminal is grounded using a Lange coupler, a through hole in the integrated circuit board is not required, and therefore a hybrid suitable for integrated circuits can be obtained.

(Example) Figure 1 shows an example of the present invention, and 1, 2.3.4 are 1
80° hybrid 4-terminal, 5.6.7 is 1/4 wavelength line, 9, 10 is ground, 11 is Lange coupler, 11-1
．． 11-2.11-3.11-4 are the four terminals of the Lange combiner. This circuit is a 1/4 wavelength line 5.6.7
operates as a 90° phase shifter, and the Lange coupler 11 operates as a 90° phase shifter.
It operates as a 0' phase shifter and constitutes a 180' hybrid as a whole.

Next, the operation will be explained. When a signal is input from the terminal, the signal power is divided into two equal parts between the 1/4 wavelength line 5 and the Lange coupler 11. The input signal at the terminal 11-1 of the Lange combiner 11 propagates to the terminals 11-2 and 11-3 with a phase delay of 90° and 0°, respectively, but these terminals 11-2.
Since 11-3 is grounded, it is totally reflected, and the total reflection causes a phase rotation of 180'', so the total phase delay of the reflected waves is 270° and 180°, respectively.
The reflected wave from -2 is propagated to 11-4 by the coupled lines 12-1 and 12-3 with a phase delay of 0'', and the reflected wave from 11-3 is propagated to 11-4 with a phase delay of 90@. For,
Both of these reflected waves have a phase delay of 2 at terminal 11-4.
It is propagated at 70° and in-phase synthesized. on the other hand.

Since the 1/4 wavelength line 5 is a 90'' phase shifter, the phase delay at terminal 2 is 90°. Therefore, the signal from terminal 1 is 270° - 90a = 180° at terminal 2 and terminal 4.
A phase difference occurs, and the opposite phase is distributed between both terminals. Further, the signal from the terminal 3 propagates through the 1/4 wavelength lines 6 and 7 and is distributed to the terminals 2 and 4 in phase. That is, one circuit operates as a 180° hybrid.

In order to set the 4-terminal impedance of the 180° hybrid of the present invention to 50Ω, the terminals 11-1 of the Lange coupler 11,
It is necessary to set the video impedance between terminals 11-4 to about 70Ω. For example, a microstrip circuit with an operating frequency of 7GH is mounted on a gallium arsenide substrate with a substrate thickness of 150μm.
When forming a 180° hybrid of z, the dimensions of the Lange coupler are a bond length of 4 m and a bond spacing of 64 μm, which does not require particularly high precision in the gold deposition process. In addition, grounding 9 and 1 necessary for the 180° hybrid of the present invention
By locating these grounds 9 and 10 at the edges of the board, there is no need to drill through holes in the board since both 0's are outside the circuit. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to construct a 180[deg.] hybrid using a normal precision gold deposition process without drilling through holes in the integrated circuit board.

(Explanation of Effects) The microwave 180" hybrid of the present invention explained above can be constructed on a substrate without using a particularly high-precision manufacturing process, and there is no need to make a through hole in the substrate, so it can be integrated into an integrated circuit. When the microwave 180° hybrid of the present invention is applied to microwave integrated circuits such as balance mixers and modulators, an improvement in manufacturing yield can be expected6.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 shows an example of the 1800 hybrid according to the present invention, and Fig. 2 shows an example of a conventional 180'' hybrid. 1.2.3.4...4 terminals of 180° hybrid 5
．． 6.7...1/4 wavelength line 8...Coupled line 9.10...Ground 11...Lange coupling 11-1.11. -2.11-3.11-4...West terminal of Lange coupler

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a microwave 180° hybrid in which three quarter-wavelength lines and a coupler are sequentially coupled in a loop, and each coupling point serves as four input/output terminals, the coupler is a four-terminal Lange coupler. A microwave 180° hybrid characterized in that of the four terminals of the Lange coupler, the outer two terminals that are not coupled to the 1/4 wavelength line are grounded.