JPS62502962A - Conversion method - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Conversion method The present invention relates to a process for the partial combustion of hydrocarbons to produce useful products. It is.

For example, a readily available feedstock such as natural gas can be converted into, for example, a higher hydrocarbon. more industrially useful production such as hydrogen, unsaturated hydrocarbons, synthesis gas and methanol It is desirable to convert it into a physical object. The present invention provides operational flexibility for this type of purpose modification. This is related to the exchange method.

Therefore, according to the present invention, (a) gaseous fuel or oxygen-containing scum is placed in a perforated cone; Oxygen-containing gas or (b) the fuel/oxygen-containing scum composition is 1 knot of fuel, (C ) igniting the resulting mixture to react; and (d) withdrawing the products of this step. A method for converting hydrocarbons is provided.

The fuel is preferably natural scum, liquid petroleum gas, residual fuel, liquid-containing dispersed solid fuel. Wherever necessary, the oxygen-containing gas should be pure oxygen, oxygen-enriched air, or air. I can do it. The reactants are preferably preheated before introduction into the reactor.

The reactor of this method comprises an outer housing surrounding a perforated cone. This housing The plug has a hole located downstream of the cone, for example, for radially injected water. The product can be rapidly cooled to retain all higher hydrocarbons. Sara quenching the product with gaseous or liquid hydrocarbons to increase the yield of higher hydrocarbons. You can also do so. That is, the final production of the method according to the invention using a quenching step Can control things.

Reactor construction materials include metals such as stainless steel and ceramics However, depending on the temperature and conditions of reactor operation, the perforated cone is preferably ε1[ is a field with the next row extending along a radial line from .epsilon. Next row is straight It may also be a curved arrangement. The cross-sectional area of the hole is from the throat to the mouth of the cone. can be increased even further. The hole dimensions depend on the required production volume and reactor pressure drop. (The pressure drop is approximately 2 to 3.5% of the pressure in the system to -Id'A) be).

These holes can have various shapes such as circular, square, diamond-shaped, oval, etc. It can be done.

Preferably, the nozzle comprises a plurality of outlets, each outlet preferably containing fuel or oxygen. The gas is directed between the next rows, particularly preferably one outlet is connected to a particular next row. Relate to a column.

The nozzle can be cooled with a steam or water line, for example.

A reactor arrangement suitable for use in the present invention is described in British Patent Application No. 1575641. Disclosed in the official gazette.

At atmospheric pressure, a suitable fuel-rich composition will result in complete combustion to carbon dioxide and water. (1.1 to 5 times the fuel/oxygen ratio to stoichiometric ratio), but within these ranges can be expanded if operation is successfully demonstrated at system pressures higher than atmospheric pressure. This composition varies depending on the fuel used. Commercially available reactor systems are probably up to 100 bar. It will be operated at high pressures.

Generally speaking, hydrogen or water vapor can be used as a hydrocarbon fuel or as an oxygen-containing gas or both. There is no doubt that we can supply this together with our customers.

The products of the reaction vary depending on the reactants or conditions, cooling, etc., and - carbon oxide and It can include hydrogen, water, carbon dioxide, methane, and higher hydrocarbons.

Multiple reactors can also be used to convert large amounts of fuel.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained by way of example with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawings. .

The reactor is in the form of a cylindrical housing 1 surrounding a perforated cone 2 . the nozzle It is located at the throat of the cone 2 and supplies either oxygen or fuel H to the inside of the cone. Ru. The nozzle is fitted with a tube 3 having a longitudinal axis coaxial with the axis of the housing. I supply it.

In this embodiment, oxygen is supplied to the housing 4 and the tube from the supply pipe (f not shown). It is fed into the annular space 5 between the tube 3 and passes through the hole 9. Intermediate duplex (Fig. (not shown) is connected to a source of water or steam to act as a coolant for nozzle 3. Continue. Connect tube 3 to a fuel supply source (not shown) and apply 1:4 fuel to the nozzle. The water flows out from the outlet 6.

The cone 2, which can be machined from stainless steel, ceramic material or quartz, is It is provided with a row of holes 9 extending in a radial line (a) from the throat of the hole. these columns has a slightly curved arrangement, and the cross-sectional area of the hole is its dimension from the throat to the mouth of the cone. or increase. In this example, the diameter of the hole is 2-3 mm (Figure 2).

The nozzle includes a plurality of outlets that can direct fuel along the inner surface of the cone. Noz The outlet holes are suitable for directing fuel between rows of holes, each outlet being connected to a row of holes (which do.

The reactor (a) converts the circulating fuel residue (from the nozzle outlet) into acid which passes through the conical hole. or (b’) flowing out from the nozzle outlet. Alternatively, the oxygen-containing gas can be mixed with the fuel passing through the hole in the cone. This fruit Examples are directed to (a) above.

When using the reactor, feed gas as methane is fed into tube 3 and a series of It exits the nozzle outlet as a jet. Oxygen or oxygen-free air is charged for seedlings (not shown) and flows into the annular space 5 through the outlet, thus passing through the hole. and flows into the inside of the cone. The injection angle of methane and oxygen is and oxygen are intimately mixed. This methane/oxygen mixture is then ignited by a spark inside the cone. It is ignited by setting 8. The products of the reaction are extracted downstream of the cone.

Generally, holes 7 in the housing are used to flow cooling steam or water into the reaction zone. can be entered.

FIG. 2 shows the cone 2 in more detail. 10 reference lines 20 are spaced at 36° intervals located at equal intervals. For example, by providing a row of four holes for each reference line, A total of 40 holes are provided in the cone. The cross-sectional area of the hole is from the throat to the mouth of the cone. increases in the direction of . Figure 2(a) is a drawing seen from the inside of the cone, and ``2nd (b) ) The figure is a side view.

The table below shows the use of natural gas as a fuel and oxygen or acid as an oxygen-free waste. The results obtained for the conversion method using element-rich air are shown. of reactant gas No preheating was performed and little or no soot formation occurred.

Tests Nα1-4 show the effect of increasing the oxygen content of the reactant gas, and Test Nos. 5-10 show the formation of C2+ in the product. reactant gas By changing the oxygen content in the produced gas, the C2 +% The relative yields of carbon and hydrogen can be controlled. In addition, we reported on the international cooling study. Notice ANNEX To hr’, Z TNTERNATIONA, L 5EARCH REPORT 0NThe European Patent 0fEice is in no way possible for theseseparticu lars which are mostly given for the Purpose of information.

Claims (13)

[Claims] 1. (a) Passing a gaseous fuel or oxygen-containing gas through a perforated cone to the throat of the cone. (b) mix with oxygen-containing gas or gaseous fuel exiting from a nozzle located at (C) The resulting mixture is ignited and reacted. and (d) withdrawing the products of this step. Method. 2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the gaseous fuel is natural gas or methane. 3. Claim 1, wherein the oxygen-containing gas is pure oxygen, oxygen-rich air, or air. or the method described in paragraph 2. 4. A cone includes an array of holes extending along a radial line from the throat of the cone. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 3. 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the rows are linear or curved. Law. 6. Claim 4 or 5, wherein the cross-sectional area of the hole increases from the throat to the mouth of the cone. The method described in section. 7. According to any one of claims 1 to 6, the nozzle has a plurality of outlets. the method of. 8. Claim wherein each outlet directs fuel or oxygen-containing gas between the rows of holes in the cone. The method described in box 7. 9. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein each outlet is associated with a particular row of holes. 10. Any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the reaction product is rapidly cooled before being withdrawn. Method described in Crab. 11. Supplying hydrogen or steam with fuel and/or oxygen-containing gas The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10. 12. According to any of claims 1 to 11, operating at elevated pressure. How to put it on. 13. The gaseous fuel and/or oxygen-containing gas are pre-heated prior to ignition and reaction. 13. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 12 for heating.