JPS6240251A - Feed for piglet - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a feed for piglets suppressing diarrhea of baby pigs, keeping healthy state of big, well and improving breeding efficiency, by using protein containing globulin separated from pig and pig blood s part of raw material. CONSTITUTION:Protein containing globulin is fractionated from plasma or serum of pig blood, to give liquid, pasty or dried, powdered globulin protein and a feed for piglets containing no antibiotic or a small amount of antibiotic is blended with at lest >=0.2%, preferably >=1.2% of the globulin protein.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a feed for piglets containing a protein containing globulin separated from pig stock blood (hereinafter referred to as globulin protein) as part of the raw material. .

<Prior Art> According to certain data, the mortality rate of pigs in pig farming until they become adult pigs is as follows. The mortality rate excluding stillbirths is 17%, of which 5% is due to diarrhea, which is thought to be caused by toxigenic E. coli, and the remaining 12% is due to crush death and other diseases.

Even if diarrhea does not lead to death, it may impede the subsequent fattening of pigs, so it is significant in pig farming to prevent diarrhea in pigs.

Particularly during the piglet stage, piglets are born without maternal antibodies and their autoimmune function only develops after 20 days of age. In particular, how much colostrum a piglet drinks and how much of the immune substances (various antibodies from the mother pig) it absorbs into its body from the intestinal tract are the deciding factors in developing a piglet's antibody strength. Therefore, it is important to raise the pigs so that they can suckle properly within 24 to 36 hours after birth, but due to individual differences in first-born pigs, they may not be able to suckle as much as necessary for epidemic prevention purposes during this period. . Depending on the death of the sow or other adverse conditions,
Sometimes the baby is not able to breastfeed enough.

To compensate for such immunological instability during the piglet stage, various antibacterial agents are added to the feed, and many antibiotics are used for treatment and prevention. On the other hand, there are growing concerns about the current situation due to its impact on humans and the natural world.

<Problems to be Solved> As a result of repeated research aimed at developing a feed for pigs that does not use chemical agents such as antibiotics, does not use much □, and has high growth and fattening efficiency, It has been discovered that globulin proteins contained in blood are suitable for these purposes.

That is, hygienically prepared pig plasma or serum is immediately added to
The globulin protein was cooled to below ℃, and the globulin protein was separated using a conventionally known fractionation method, and its performance was investigated in various ways, and it was found that it had the following excellent performance. .

■Feed for piglets (excluding antibiotics that are usually included)
When piglets were given a mixture of 0.7% to 7% dry powder of globulin protein, diarrhea that frequently occurs in piglets from 7 days old to 30 days old was suppressed.

■Piglet feed containing dry powder of globulin protein (
Similarly, piglets (1
Toxigenic E. coli (108 cells/m
When 2 to 3 ml of 1) was orally administered per head to artificially promote diarrhea, diarrhea occurred frequently in pigs fed diets that did not contain dry globulin protein powder. The incidence of diarrhea was clearly reduced in pigs fed diets supplemented with globulin protein.

■Using the toxigenic E. coli-desoxycholate agar medium system, test the E. coli growth inhibition potency of dry powder of globulin protein using a modified cup method: 1Lf;
: h Z 7y゛0.4? ajJE'(t;a″P9 QQer, ([ihF] □1 was observed.

The present inventors have constructed the present invention based on this observation, and the present invention aims to effectively utilize pig stock blood, suppress diarrhea in piglets, and improve the health condition of pigs. The purpose is to improve pig breeding efficiency.

Measures to Solve Problems> Plasma or serum mainly contains globulin and albumin, but globulin is divided into three protein groups, α-1β-1T-1, depending on their electrical properties. .

It is known that there are many protein groups that have physiological functions that protect the body from pathogenic microorganisms, depending on the pathogen, but according to the above classification, although some of them are said to be α- and β-globulins, there are only a few. It is recognized that it belongs to a protein group called T-globulin (immunoglobulin). Many methods for fractionating globulin proteins from other proteins have been reported, but since globulins are proteins that easily denature,
Various fractionation methods that do not cause denaturation, such as Cohn fractionation, ammonium sulfate fractionation, phosphoric acid fractionation, polyethylene glycol fractionation, membrane fractionation, ion exchange fractionation, ribanol fractionation, gel filtration Examples include fractionation method and affinity chromatography fractionation method. However, from the viewpoint of manufacturing cost, workability, safety, and the content of globulin protein in the resulting dry powder, it is preferable to use polyethylene glycol [A, Po1son et al, Bioc.
hem Bio-phys, Acta82463 (19
64)], using this method, high purity (75
It is advantageous that polyethylene glycol also has a protein stabilizing effect.

Since the globulin protein obtained by the above fractionation is in liquid or paste form, it may be dried and powdered if necessary. In the drying and powdering method, temperature is an important factor, as is the handling of globulin proteins during fractionation. Any method that is less likely to cause protein denaturation can be employed.

To mix globulin into piglet feed that does not contain antibiotics, you can mix liquid or paste globulin protein into the feed and feed it to piglets, or you can feed globulin protein in dry powder form. May be added to.

In order to confirm the effect of inhibiting the growth of E. coli by the globulin protein of the present invention, an inhibition test was conducted as follows.

Escherichia coli solution (saline solution; Escherichia coli 0101 K) adjusted to an appropriate concentration in a sterile petri dish.
99. Escheri-chia coli 0149
K88) is added thereto, and a deoxycholate agar medium cooled to 45 to 50°C is added thereto to a thickness of 411 cm to prepare a pour medium. Holes with a diameter of 5 mm were made in 6 places in this medium, and 50 μp each of control and test solutions adjusted to 5 concentrations were added to the holes, and cultured at 37°C for 24 hours.
The inhibition width was measured. The test concentrations are globulin protein 1000.2000, 4000, 8000.1600
0 ppm was used.

Test Results As is clear from the above tests, the globulin protein of the present invention inhibits the growth of E. coli at a concentration of 0.2%, and
．． It exhibited a clear effect of inhibiting the growth of E. coli at a concentration of around 4%.

<Effects> Furthermore, a piglet rearing test was conducted using piglet feed containing the globulin protein of the present invention.
Diarrhea that frequently occurs in piglets (from 0 days old to 25 days old) is significantly suppressed, and the piglets are fed a piglet feed that does not contain globulin protein and does not contain antibacterial agents or antibiotics. It showed better health condition and growth rate than that of the plant.

Considering the E. coli suppression test mentioned above and the administration test to piglets, the mixing ratio of globulin protein in piglet feed needs to be at least 0.2% concentration, and 1.2% concentration or more. It is desirable that there be.

If the mixing ratio of globulin protein is less than 0.2%, the effects of the present invention cannot be achieved, but the higher the concentration, the better the effects of the present invention.

It should be noted that the feed for piglets in the present invention is of course one that does not contain any antibiotics, but also one that does not contain much antibiotics, that is, the amount of antibiotics contained is so small that it can be ignored. It also includes things that can be seen.

The present invention will be further explained using examples. - [Example-1
Fractionation of globulin proteins using the polyethylene glycol method] An anticoagulant is added to fresh blood collected from conventionally bred adult pigs.
40 kg of blood plasma prepared in a conventional manner was rapidly cooled to below 10°C, and polyethylene glycol (average molecular weight: 40°C) was added to the plasma.
00-6000) was added to a concentration of 4%, stirred and dissolved, fibrinogen was precipitated, and centrifuged to remove (
6000 x g, 5 minutes). Supernatant liquid approx. 40 kg iFibrinogen paste approx. 0.8 kg' (moisture 56%
) Polyethylene glycol (
(average molecular weight 4,000 to 6,000) was added to give a concentration of 10.7%, a globulin fraction was precipitated, and when this was processed in a centrifuge (10,000 x g, 10 minutes), a paste-like precipitate of about 2° I got 4 kg.

゛The moisture content of the globulin protein that is the precipitate is 58%, and the protein content in the dry solid content of this product is 85-85%.
It was 90% (calculated from Kjeldahl analysis). Furthermore, electrophoretic analysis using a cellulose acetate membrane revealed that the protein composition of this precipitate was as follows.

T-globulin 50-55% α-globulin + β-globulin 26-30% albumin
The concentration of polyethylene glycol during fractionation of 11-16% globulin protein was 10.7%.
Although this level is suitable, it can be set between about 5% and 15% depending on the purpose. That is, when it is 10.7% or less, a protein mixture with a high γ-globulin content is obtained, which is preferable, but the yield is low.On the other hand, when it is 10.7% or more, the yield is high, but albumin There is a problem that the contamination rate becomes high.

Also, the polyethylene glycol concentration percentages stated herein are relative to undiluted or unconcentrated plasma. If concentrated or diluted plasma is used as a raw material, the set concentration of polyethylene glycol may be adjusted as appropriate.

The globulin protein paste obtained here was dried and powdered using a vacuum microwave dryer. The product temperature during the drying process is 2
At temperatures below 0°C, the moisture content of the final dried product was below 5%.

It is desirable to use proteins such as W-group casein such as lactose as a drying aid in order to increase the degree of dryness, make it water-soluble, and make it easier to powderize it, as well as to protect the globulin protein from the decomposition action of digestive enzymes. .

Next, commercial feed for early suckling piglets (44% animal-based feed,
A special feed containing 34% grains and 22% other foods, excluding antibiotics and antibacterial agents, is used as the basic feed, and is supplemented with globulin protein powder (globulin 7) fractionated using the method described above.
5% albumin, 12% albumin, and 5% moisture) were prepared in a mixing ratio as shown in Table 1 below.

Each pig gave birth to 10 sows) and was fed only breast milk until 7 days of age, and fed a combination of breast milk and the above basal feed from 7 days of age until 11 days of age.

On the 12th day of age, these 20 piglets were divided into 5 categories of 4 piglets each, namely Comparative Example and Invention Examples 1 to 1, as shown in Table 2.
The piglets were divided into 4 groups, and each group had 2 piglets born from each sow, and 2 piglets were born from each sow, so that the total weight of the 4 piglets in each group was approximately equal.

After the 12th day of age, feed only the above feed twice a day without mother's milk.
The animals were reared while increasing their weight to 0 g (they were provided with sufficient water).
.

On the 24th day of age, changes in the physical condition, stool properties, and average body weight of the piglets in each category were examined, and the results are shown in Table 2.

Table 2 In the comparative example where pigs were raised on a basal feed that did not contain antibiotics, half of the pigs had frequent diarrhea over several days, whereas in the inventive example in which globulin protein was added, despite not adding antibiotics. Except for one pig that developed diarrhea in the case where 0.7% was added, the other pigs grew up in good health.

This is reflected in the rate of weight gain, suggesting that globulin proteins, like antibiotics, protect piglets from the various attacks they are exposed to in nature.

Although the above results indicate that globulin proteins are effective against diseases that occur under natural conditions, we next investigated the behavior of globulin proteins against artificially administered pathogens. .

Two strains of pathogenic E. coli (0101, K99; 0149, K2
S) The number of bacteria to be cultured in T-Heart Infusion Broth liquid medium at 37°C for 48 hours is ~.108/m
E). This bacterial solution was orally administered at 2 to 3 mA per pig.

There were four examples: a comparative example in which no globulin protein was added, an example of the invention example in which 1.2% globulin protein was added, an example in which 3.5% globulin protein was added, and an example in which 7% globulin protein was added.

There were 4 pigs in each case, and they were divided using the same considerations as before. The animals were transported on the 12th day of age, and the pathogenic E. coli was administered on the 18th day of age.

The results are shown below.

The antidiarrheal effect of globulin protein was obvious.

Procedural amendment (spontaneous) October 76, 1985 Michibe Uga, Commissioner of the Patent Office1, Indication of the case 1985 Patent Application No. 1793342, Title of invention piglet feed3, Person making the amendment Case Relationship with Patent applicant address: 3-2-1 Bingo-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo Prefecture
Name: Italian Hum Co., Ltd. Address: 4-1 Nihonbashi Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Name:
Ikki Co., Ltd. Address: 5-5-16 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Name (440) Organo Co., Ltd. 4, Agent: 11
3 Address No. 5-16, Hon 5957, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo@'-
Organo Co., Ltd. Name (6376) Patent Attorney Akira Takahashi [-Please correct the following matters in the specification.

1. On page 4, line 12, r
o.

4% concentration.''

2. On page 7, lines 3 and 4, the phrase "deoxycholate agar medium" is corrected to "desoxycholate agar medium."

3. Table 2 and notes on page 14 are corrected as follows.

"Table 2 * Confidence interval with a confidence level of 95%; 4. On the 5th line of page 16, the phrase ``Imported at 12 days of age'' was changed to ``Start feeding the feed from 12 days of age.'' I am corrected.

Written amendment to the above procedure (voluntary) November 11, 1985 Commissioner of the Patent Office Black 1) Ming a @ 1, Indication of the case 1985 Patent Application No. 179334 2, Name of the invention Feed for piglets 3, Make amendments Relationship with the patent case Patent applicant address 3-2-1 Bingo-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo Prefecture
Name: Ito Ham Co., Ltd. Address: 4-1, Nihonbashi Honmachi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Name:
Iwaki Co., Ltd. Address: 5-5-16 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Name:
(440) Organo Co., Ltd. 4, Agent 113 Address 5-5-16 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 7-・
..., 812-5151 Please correct the following items in the statement.

1. On the 7th line from the bottom of No. 9, it says "40 kg of supernatant liquid obtained with 56% water content" is replaced by "40 kg of supernatant liquid obtained with 56% water content".

40 kg of this supernatant liquid.''

2. On page 11, line 9, "W group casein, etc." is corrected to "WM or casein, etc."

8 above 1・ "

Claims (1)

[Claims] A piglet feed characterized in that a protein containing globulin is fractionated from plasma or serum of pig blood, and the protein containing the globulin is mixed into a feed for piglets that does not contain or contains little antibiotics.