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JPS6232122B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPS6232122B2
JPS6232122B2 JP57159470A JP15947082A JPS6232122B2 JP S6232122 B2 JPS6232122 B2 JP S6232122B2 JP 57159470 A JP57159470 A JP 57159470A JP 15947082 A JP15947082 A JP 15947082A JP S6232122 B2 JPS6232122 B2 JP S6232122B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
hydrogen
silicon
particles
pressure
particle size
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP57159470A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS5950001A (en
Inventor
Akio Hiraki
Takeshi Imura
Hoki Haba
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Meidensha Electric Manufacturing Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Meidensha Electric Manufacturing Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Meidensha Electric Manufacturing Co Ltd filed Critical Meidensha Electric Manufacturing Co Ltd
Priority to JP57159470A priority Critical patent/JPS5950001A/en
Publication of JPS5950001A publication Critical patent/JPS5950001A/en
Publication of JPS6232122B2 publication Critical patent/JPS6232122B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32Hydrogen storage

Landscapes

  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Silicon Compounds (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明は新規な水素吸蔵物質および該物質の製
造方法に関する。 珪素よりなる水素吸蔵物質については既に種々
の研究開発がなされており、例えば特願昭56―
70200号明細書には珪素表面に水素スパツタリン
グを行つて、四配位珪素格子とこれを取り囲む
SiH2または/およびSH3の殻からなり、この珪素
格子内に水素を吸蔵した物質を珪素表面に沈着生
成させる方法が記載されている。また特願昭57―
13125号明細書にはモノシランを圧力0.1〜10Torr
の下でグロー放電または反応性スパツタリングに
より冷却した基質上に、―(SiH2o―結合鎖およ
び四配位珪素格子を有し30〜70原子%の水素を吸
蔵している水素吸蔵物質を基質上に沈着させる方
法が記載されている。これらの物質中に吸蔵され
ている水素は四配位珪素格子内の空隙中に珪素と
化学結合していない遊離状態の水素として約5重
量%の量で存在する。 しかしながら、このような水素吸蔵構造をとつ
ている物質では、吸蔵水素を加熱により放出した
後、再び水素を吸蔵させることは極めて困難であ
る。例えばIBM社の特開昭56―45801号(ヨーロ
ツパ特許第25858A1号)公報の記載によれば、吸
蔵水素を放出させた後のアモルフアスシリコンを
水素プラズマ処理して13原子%(約0.5重量%)
の水素を再吸蔵させているに過ぎない。このよう
な低い水素再吸蔵量では実用に供することはでき
ない。また別法としてジーメンス社の特開昭55―
85401号(米国特許第4265720号)公報には、アモ
ルフアスシリコンの膜の上にPtまたはPdの膜を
設けて水素の再吸蔵を行うことが開示されている
が、これらの貴金属を使用することは経費の面で
問題があり、特に大量の水素吸蔵物質を使用する
場合には適用することができない。 本発明は上記のような従来の水素吸蔵物質より
も水素吸蔵量が大きくかつ再吸蔵能の優れた水素
吸蔵物質およびその製造方法を提供するものであ
る。 本発明による水素吸蔵物質はモノシランをグロ
ー放電処理し、水冷された基板上に生成された粒
径約2500Å(250nm)の粉末からなり(第1
図)、この粉末の個々の粒子は第2図の透過電子
顕微鏡写真および第3図の電子線回折図により粒
径約40〜数100Å(約4〜数10nm)の超微シリコ
ン微結晶粒子の集合体である。そしてこの1個の
超微粒子は電子線回折像から結晶質であることが
わかる。またこの超微粒子の赤外吸収スペクトル
図(第4図)から結合している水素は大部分を占
める―(Si=H2o―,=Si=H2の他に、ごく少量
の―Si≡H3の基団の形で存在していることがわ
かる。(社団法人電気学会、1982年7月13日、電
子デバイス、新・省エネルギー合同研究会資料、
資料番号EDD―82―54,ESC―82―37参照) 以上の超微細構造を有するSi―H化合物を加熱
し、放出された水素をガスクロマトグラフイーに
より定量したところ5重量%の水素が吸蔵されて
いることがわかつた。一方、赤外吸収スペクトル
から求められた水素の量はたかだか5原子%
(0.2重量%)であるから、5−0.2=4.8重量%の
水素は遊離水素の形態で物質中に存在しているも
のと考えられる。本発明によれば、上記超微粒子
よりなる水素含有珪素物質を圧力容器内に収容
し、温度32〜350℃で0〜4Kg/cm2(ゲージ圧)
の水素圧力下で水素を吸蔵させると38〜53重量%
の水素が吸蔵されることがわかつた。このように
吸蔵された水素は超微粒子の表面に吸着されてい
るものと、または珪素・水素基団のメツシユ間に
閉ぢ込められているものとがあり、実験の結果は
多量の水素が液体水素に近い状態で吸蔵されてい
ることを示している。 以下の実施例によつて本発明を更に詳しく説明
する。 実施例 第5図の装置を用いて次のように操作した。シ
ランガスボンベ3および必要により水素ガスボン
ベ4からそれぞれ流量制御器(MFC)を介して
反応室6にシランガスおよび水素ガスを供給す
る。一方、高周波電源1によりマツチングボツク
ス2を介して上部電極7に10Wの電力を供給す
る。上部電極7と水冷されている基板8との間で
行われるグロー放電によりモノシラン単独または
モノシランと水素との混合ガスが分解して超微粒
子構造を有する珪素・水素化合物が基板上および
反応室壁に沈着し、その生成量は1時間に約33g
であつた。なお反応室内の圧力は1.3×10-3
圧、ガス流量は10c.c./分であつた。 こうして得られた珪素・水素化合物を次に第6
図に示す装置で処理した。すなわち、反応容器1
4内に上記の珪素・水素化合物15を収容し、水
素ボンベ11から水素を反応容器に供給し、水素
圧4Kg/cm2で1〜3時間保持した。温度は室温
(32℃)から超微粒子間の界面の活性化の為に加
熱器13により350℃までとした(なお、350℃を
越すと―Si=H2基団は変化しないが―Si≡H3
加熱分解により―(SiH2o―とH2になるがそれ
以上の問題を生じない)。充分な量の水素が吸蔵
された後に、水素の供給を止め、反応容器内を大
気圧にし、予め1.3×10-5気圧にしてある真空容
器16内に反応容器内の水素を採取し、四方弁1
7を介してガスクロマトグラフイー18により水
素を定量した。次に反応容器14を大気にしたま
ま吸蔵温度以上(例えば350℃〜360℃)に加熱
し、珪素・水素化合物から放出される水素を真空
容器16に導き同様にガスクロマトグラフイーで
水素を定量した。この水素の定量操作をも早や水
素の放出が認められなくなるまで繰返して行い、
全吸蔵水素量を定量した。その結果を表1に示
す。
The present invention relates to a novel hydrogen storage material and a method for producing the material. Various research and developments have already been carried out on hydrogen storage materials made of silicon, such as the patent application filed in 1983.
No. 70200 describes hydrogen sputtering on the silicon surface to form a four-coordinated silicon lattice and surrounding it.
A method is described in which a substance consisting of a shell of SiH 2 and/or SH 3 and containing hydrogen in the silicon lattice is deposited on the silicon surface. Also, the special request was made in 1987.
No. 13125 describes monosilane at a pressure of 0.1 to 10 Torr.
A hydrogen storage material having -( SiH2 ) o -bond chains and a four-coordinated silicon lattice and storing 30 to 70 at.% of hydrogen is deposited on a substrate cooled by glow discharge or reactive sputtering under A method for depositing on a substrate is described. The hydrogen occluded in these materials is present in the voids in the four-coordinated silicon lattice in an amount of about 5% by weight as free hydrogen that is not chemically bonded to silicon. However, in a substance having such a hydrogen storage structure, it is extremely difficult to store hydrogen again after releasing the stored hydrogen by heating. For example, according to IBM's Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 56-45801 (European Patent No. 25858A1), amorphous silicon is treated with hydrogen plasma after it has released absorbed hydrogen to produce 13 atomic percent (approximately 0.5 weight percent) )
It merely re-absorbs hydrogen. Such a low hydrogen restorage amount cannot be put to practical use. Another method is Siemens' Unexamined Patent Publication 1973-
Publication No. 85401 (US Pat. No. 4,265,720) discloses that hydrogen is reabsorbed by providing a Pt or Pd film on an amorphous silicon film, but it is not possible to use these noble metals. However, there are problems in terms of cost, and it cannot be applied especially when a large amount of hydrogen storage material is used. The present invention provides a hydrogen storage material that has a larger hydrogen storage capacity and superior restorage ability than the conventional hydrogen storage materials as described above, and a method for producing the same. The hydrogen storage material according to the present invention consists of a powder with a particle size of approximately 2500 Å (250 nm) produced on a water-cooled substrate by glow discharge treatment of monosilane (first
The transmission electron micrograph in Figure 2 and the electron diffraction diagram in Figure 3 show that the individual particles of this powder are ultrafine silicon microcrystal particles with a particle size of about 40 to several 100 Å (about 4 to several tens of nanometers). It is a collective body. Further, it can be seen from the electron beam diffraction image that this single ultrafine particle is crystalline. Also, from the infrared absorption spectrum diagram of this ultrafine particle (Figure 4), the bonded hydrogen accounts for the majority -(Si=H 2 ) o -, =Si=H 2 , and a very small amount of -Si It can be seen that it exists in the form of a foundation of ≡H 3 . (The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan, July 13, 1982, Electronic Devices, New Energy Conservation Joint Study Group Materials,
(Refer to document numbers EDD-82-54 and ESC-82-37) When the Si-H compound with the above ultrafine structure was heated and the released hydrogen was quantified by gas chromatography, it was found that 5% by weight of hydrogen was occluded. I found out that On the other hand, the amount of hydrogen determined from the infrared absorption spectrum is at most 5 atomic percent.
(0.2% by weight), it is considered that 5 - 0.2 = 4.8% by weight of hydrogen exists in the substance in the form of free hydrogen. According to the present invention, the hydrogen-containing silicon material made of the ultrafine particles is housed in a pressure vessel, and the temperature is 32 to 350°C and 0 to 4 kg/cm 2 (gauge pressure).
When hydrogen is absorbed under hydrogen pressure of 38-53% by weight
It was found that hydrogen can be absorbed. Hydrogen absorbed in this way is either adsorbed on the surface of ultrafine particles or trapped between meshes of silicon and hydrogen groups, and experimental results show that a large amount of hydrogen is absorbed into the liquid. This shows that it is absorbed in a state similar to that of hydrogen. The invention will be explained in more detail by the following examples. Example The apparatus shown in FIG. 5 was operated as follows. Silane gas and hydrogen gas are supplied to the reaction chamber 6 from a silane gas cylinder 3 and, if necessary, a hydrogen gas cylinder 4, respectively, via a flow rate controller (MFC). On the other hand, the high frequency power supply 1 supplies 10 W of power to the upper electrode 7 via the matching box 2. Due to the glow discharge that occurs between the upper electrode 7 and the water-cooled substrate 8, monosilane alone or a mixed gas of monosilane and hydrogen is decomposed, and a silicon-hydrogen compound having an ultrafine particle structure is deposited on the substrate and on the walls of the reaction chamber. It is deposited, and the amount produced is about 33g per hour.
It was hot. The pressure inside the reaction chamber was 1.3×10 −3 atm, and the gas flow rate was 10 c.c./min. The silicon-hydrogen compound thus obtained is then
It was processed using the equipment shown in the figure. That is, reaction vessel 1
The above-mentioned silicon-hydrogen compound 15 was placed in the reaction vessel 4, and hydrogen was supplied from the hydrogen cylinder 11 to the reaction vessel and maintained at a hydrogen pressure of 4 kg/cm 2 for 1 to 3 hours. The temperature was set from room temperature (32°C) to 350°C using a heater 13 in order to activate the interface between ultrafine particles. H 3 becomes - (SiH 2 ) o - and H 2 by thermal decomposition, but it does not cause any further problems). After a sufficient amount of hydrogen has been absorbed, the supply of hydrogen is stopped, the inside of the reaction container is brought to atmospheric pressure, and the hydrogen in the reaction container is collected into the vacuum container 16, which has been previously set to 1.3×10 -5 atmospheres, and Valve 1
Hydrogen was determined by gas chromatography 18 through 7. Next, the reaction vessel 14 was heated to the storage temperature or higher (for example, 350°C to 360°C) while being exposed to the atmosphere, and the hydrogen released from the silicon-hydrogen compound was introduced into the vacuum vessel 16, where hydrogen was similarly determined by gas chromatography. . This hydrogen quantitative operation is repeated until no hydrogen release is observed.
The total amount of absorbed hydrogen was determined. The results are shown in Table 1.

【表】 なお、別法として水素吸蔵操作終了後、反応容
器内を大気圧にし、反応容器内をN2ガスで置換
し、次いで吸蔵温度以上(例えば350℃〜360℃)
に加熱して放出される水素の定量を行つたが、吸
蔵水素の定量値は表1の結果と同じであつた。 表1の結果から明らかなように、超微粉珪素水
素化合物に水素圧を0〜4Kg/cm2として水素を吸
蔵させるときに、温度に余り依存することなく、
38〜53重量%の水素が吸蔵されることがわかる。
また吸蔵された水素は単なる加熱により定量的に
使用することができ、水素の放出を終つた珪素・
水素化合物は再び水素吸蔵に付することができ、
吸蔵・放出を10000回繰返しても水素吸蔵特性に
変化はなく、本発明による水素吸蔵物質の寿命は
殆んど無限大である。 本発明の水素吸蔵物質は低い電力消費量で製造
され、単に圧力水素ガスを使用するだけで極めて
多量の水素を吸蔵することができ、また吸蔵され
ている水素は液体水素に近い状態で吸蔵されてい
るので従来の水素貯蔵金属化合物に比較して航空
機、船舶、自動車などの交通機関の水素燃料供給
源として極めて有用である。
[Table] As an alternative method, after the hydrogen storage operation is completed, the inside of the reaction vessel is brought to atmospheric pressure, the inside of the reaction vessel is replaced with N 2 gas, and then the temperature is raised above the storage temperature (e.g. 350°C to 360°C).
The amount of hydrogen released by heating was determined, and the quantitative value of occluded hydrogen was the same as the results shown in Table 1. As is clear from the results in Table 1, when hydrogen is stored in an ultrafine silicon-hydrogen compound at a hydrogen pressure of 0 to 4 Kg/cm 2 , it is possible to store hydrogen without much dependence on temperature.
It can be seen that 38-53% by weight of hydrogen is occluded.
In addition, the occluded hydrogen can be used quantitatively by simple heating, and silicon that has finished releasing hydrogen can be used.
Hydrogen compounds can be subjected to hydrogen storage again,
There is no change in the hydrogen storage properties even after occlusion and desorption is repeated 10,000 times, and the life of the hydrogen storage material according to the present invention is almost infinite. The hydrogen storage material of the present invention is produced with low power consumption, can store extremely large amounts of hydrogen simply by using pressurized hydrogen gas, and the stored hydrogen is stored in a state close to liquid hydrogen. Therefore, compared to conventional hydrogen storage metal compounds, it is extremely useful as a hydrogen fuel source for transportation such as aircraft, ships, and automobiles.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図および第2図は本発明による水素吸蔵物
質の電子顕微鏡写真、第3図は該物質の電子線回
折図、第4図は該物質の赤外吸収スペクトル図、
第5図は該物質を製造するための概要を説明する
図、そして第6図は該物質の水素吸蔵を行うため
の概要を説明する図である。 図中符号:1……高周波電源、2……マツチン
グボツクス、3……シランガスボンベ、4……水
素ガスボンベ、6……反応室、7……上部電極、
8……基板、11……水素ボンベ、14……反応
容器、13……加熱器、15……珪素・水素化合
物、16……真空容器、18……ガスクロマトグ
ラフイー。
1 and 2 are electron micrographs of the hydrogen storage material according to the present invention, FIG. 3 is an electron diffraction diagram of the material, and FIG. 4 is an infrared absorption spectrum diagram of the material.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the outline of manufacturing the substance, and FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the outline of hydrogen storage of the substance. Codes in the figure: 1... High frequency power supply, 2... Matching box, 3... Silane gas cylinder, 4... Hydrogen gas cylinder, 6... Reaction chamber, 7... Upper electrode,
8...Substrate, 11...Hydrogen cylinder, 14...Reaction container, 13...Heater, 15...Silicon/hydrogen compound, 16...Vacuum container, 18...Gas chromatography.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 シリコン微結晶粒子の表面のシリコン原子と
―(SiH2o―、=Si=H2または―Si≡H3の形で水
素が共有結合している粒径4〜数10nmのシリコ
ン微結晶粒子の集合した粒径約250nmの粉末から
なり、シリコン微結晶粒子の集合体界面にシリコ
ン原子と結合していない遊離水素を38〜53重量%
含有している水素吸蔵物質。 2 モノシランガスまたはモノシランガスと水素
の混合ガスを圧力1.3×10-3気圧下で、電極間に
高周波電力が供給されたグロー放電により処理
し、水冷された基板上に得られたシリコン微結晶
粒子の表面のシリコン原子と―(SiH2o―、=Si
=H2または―Si≡H3の形で水素が共有結合して
いる粒径4〜数10nmのシリコン微結晶粒子の集
合した粒径約250nmの粉末からなる生成物に温度
32〜350℃で0〜4Kg/cm2(ゲージ圧)の水素圧
力下で、シリコン微結晶粒子の集合体界面にシリ
コン原子と結合していない遊離水素を38〜53重量
%吸蔵させることを特徴とする水素吸蔵物質の製
造方法。
[Scope of Claims] 1. Particles with a particle size of 4 to 4 in which hydrogen is covalently bonded to a silicon atom on the surface of a silicon microcrystal particle in the form of -(SiH 2 ) o -, =Si=H 2 or -Si≡H 3 It consists of a powder with a particle diameter of approximately 250 nm, which is an aggregation of silicon microcrystalline particles several tens of nanometers in size, and contains 38 to 53% by weight of free hydrogen that is not bonded to silicon atoms at the interface of the aggregation of silicon microcrystalline particles.
Contains hydrogen storage substances. 2 Monosilane gas or a mixed gas of monosilane gas and hydrogen was treated under a pressure of 1.3 × 10 -3 atmospheres by glow discharge with high-frequency power supplied between the electrodes, and the surface of silicon microcrystal particles obtained on a water-cooled substrate. silicon atom and - (SiH 2 ) o -, = Si
A product consisting of powder with a particle size of about 250 nm, which is a collection of silicon microcrystal particles with a particle size of 4 to several tens of nanometers, to which hydrogen is covalently bonded in the form of =H 2 or -Si≡H 3 is heated to
It is characterized by occluding 38 to 53% by weight of free hydrogen that is not bonded to silicon atoms at the aggregate interface of silicon microcrystal particles under hydrogen pressure of 0 to 4 Kg/cm 2 (gauge pressure) at 32 to 350°C. A method for producing a hydrogen storage material.
JP57159470A 1982-09-16 1982-09-16 Hydrogen occluding substance and its manufacture Granted JPS5950001A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP57159470A JPS5950001A (en) 1982-09-16 1982-09-16 Hydrogen occluding substance and its manufacture

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP57159470A JPS5950001A (en) 1982-09-16 1982-09-16 Hydrogen occluding substance and its manufacture

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS5950001A JPS5950001A (en) 1984-03-22
JPS6232122B2 true JPS6232122B2 (en) 1987-07-13

Family

ID=15694470

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP57159470A Granted JPS5950001A (en) 1982-09-16 1982-09-16 Hydrogen occluding substance and its manufacture

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS5950001A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63138319U (en) * 1987-03-03 1988-09-12
EP4075224A1 (en) 2021-04-12 2022-10-19 Kubota Corporation Work machine capable of autonomous travel

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5870325B2 (en) * 2006-02-14 2016-02-24 大学共同利用機関法人自然科学研究機構 Initial activation method and hydrogenation method of hydrogen storage metal or alloy

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63138319U (en) * 1987-03-03 1988-09-12
EP4075224A1 (en) 2021-04-12 2022-10-19 Kubota Corporation Work machine capable of autonomous travel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5950001A (en) 1984-03-22

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