JPS62242164A - Semiautomatic transmission for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make automatic gear shifting for both high and low two speeds performable as well as to aim at improvement in power capacity and fuel consumption owing to multistage promotion, by making an input inner shaft, directly transmitting power to a manual transmission, so as to be connected to an input outer shaft transmitting the power by way of a hydraulic coupling via an overdrive mechanism. CONSTITUTION:When gear trains G1-G4 of a manual transmission 3 are selected, a clutch 15 and a brake mechanism 33 are released by interlocking with a shift lever, making them come into neutral, thus these gear trains are selected. And, immediately after this changeover, power is inputted into an input outer shaft 17 from the front of the transmission 3 via a turbine runner 13, a clutch 15 and a one-way clutch 14, and transmitted to these gear trains G1-G4, but when transmission efficiency of a hydraulic coupling 2 goes up and a rotation speed of the input outer shaft 17 exceeds the specified value, the power is transmitted to the outer shaft 17 from the rear of the transmission 3 via an input inner shaft 16 and an overdrive mechanism 5, thus automatic gear shifting is made performable. Therefore, the overdrive mechanism is added to the transmission for forward four speeds whereby gear shifting for forward eight speeds becomes possible, thus improvement in power capacity and fuel consumption is promotable.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a semi-automatic transmission for a vehicle, which includes a fluid coupling that automates a starting operation and a transmission that manually switches gears.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, semi-automatic transmissions for vehicles, which are made by connecting a manual transmission to an engine via a fluid coupling, automatically perform starting operations using the fluid coupling, and change gears using the manual transmission.
This is done manually depending on the driver's intention or driving conditions.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

Conventional semi-automatic transmissions for vehicles have had a problem in that the driver has to frequently change gears while driving in order to adjust the gear position to each situation.

Furthermore, if the number of gears is increased in order to improve power performance or fuel efficiency, the transmission itself becomes larger, and the driver has to perform gear shifting operations frequently. As a result, this has been a major hindrance to improving power performance or fuel efficiency.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a semi-automatic transmission for a vehicle that can simplify gear shifting operations and improve power performance and fuel efficiency.

[Means for solving problems]

To this end, the semi-automatic transmission for a vehicle of the present invention is a semi-automatic transmission for a vehicle in which a manual transmission is connected to a fluid coupling. An input outer shaft is provided for transmitting data via a coupling, and the fluid coupling is provided with a clutch and a one-way clutch connected to the input outer shaft of the manual transmission, and the input inner shaft is overdriven by a brake mechanism. By connecting it to the input outer shaft through the 89 mechanism, it is possible to automatically shift gears in two stages, high and low, using an overdrive mechanism.

[Action and effect of the invention]

In the present invention, immediately after the gear train is switched, engine power is input from the front of the manual transmission 3 through the input outer shaft and transmitted to each gear train. The transmission efficiency between
When the rotational speed of the input outer shaft exceeds a predetermined value, engine power is transmitted from the rear of the manual transmission to the input outer shaft via the input inner shaft and overdrive mechanism, enabling automatic gear shifting. At the same time, since the one-way clutch allows over-rotation of the input outer shaft, it is possible to shift gears with less shock.

Therefore, by automating a part of the gear shifting operation using a one-way clutch and overdrive mechanism, the complexity of gear shifting operations can be reduced, and since there are two power input lines to the manual transmission, the number of gears can be doubled. In addition, even if one of the power input lines breaks down, the vehicle can be driven using the other power input line. In addition, by increasing the number of gears, it is possible to improve power performance and fuel efficiency, and by adopting an existing gear mechanism in a conventional semi-automatic transmission, it is possible to significantly reduce design costs. can. Furthermore, since a fluid coupling is used, smooth starting and shifting with less shock are possible.

〔Example〕

Examples will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a specific configuration example of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing another specific configuration example of FIG. 1. Look at the cross section.

In the figure, 1 is the engine, 2 is the fluid coupling, 3 is the manual transmission,
5 is an overdrive mechanism, 6 is a differential gear, 7 is a drive wheel, 9 is a crankshaft, 10 is a front cover, 11 is a rear cover, 12 is a pump impeller, 13 is a turbine runner, 14 is a one-way clutch, 15 is a clutch, 16 is Input inner shaft, 17 is input outer shaft, 19 is transmission case, 20
is the input shaft, 21 is the input gear of the differential, 22 is the boka gear, 2
3 is an output shaft, 25 is a first switching clutch, 26 is a second switching clutch, 27 is a driving gear, 29 is a driven gear, 30 is a shift gear, 31 is a planetary gear device, 33 is a brake mechanism,
34 is a piston, 35 is a sun gear, 36 is a pinion, 3
7 is a ring gear, 39 is a carrier, 40 is a rotating ring,
G1, G2, G3, G4, and GR indicate gear trains.

1 and 2, the semi-automatic transmission for a vehicle of the present invention connects an engine 1 to a manual transmission 3 via a fluid coupling 2.
The overdrive mechanism 5 is connected to the manual transmission 3, and the output from the manual transmission 3 is transmitted to the drive wheels 7.7 of the vehicle via the differential gear 6.

The fluid coupling 2 has a front cover 10 to a rear cover 11 connected to the crankshaft 9 of the engine 1, and a pump impeller 12 is disposed on the inner wall of the rear cover 11, and a pump impeller 12 is disposed opposite to the pump impeller 12. A turbine runner 13 is arranged. Further, the turbine runner 13 transmits power to the input outer shaft 17 of the manual transmission 3, which will be described later, via a clutch 15 that is automatically controlled by hydraulic pressure and a one-way clutch 14 that allows the input outer shaft 17 to over-rotate with respect to the turbine runner 13. In addition, the front cover 10 is coupled to the damper 18.1.
8, the input inner wheel 16 of the manual transmission 3 is connected to the input inner wheel 16 for power transmission.

The manual transmission 3 is configured, for example, as a two-shaft parallel gear mechanism with four forward speeds and one reverse speed. 20
and an output gear 22 that meshes with the input gear 21 of the differential gear 6.
A forward gear train G1, G2, G3, G4 and a reverse gear train are provided between the input shaft 20 and the output shaft 23 in parallel with each other. GR
The input shaft 20 is composed of an input inner ring 16 and an input outer shaft 17 fitted on the outside of the input inner shaft 16. Further, a synchromesh type first switching clutch 25 is provided between the first and second gear trains G1.62 on the output shaft 23, and a synchromesh type first switching clutch 25 is provided between the third and fourth gear trains G3 and A synchromesh type second switching clutch 26 is provided between G4, and each switching clutch 25.2
Each gear train G1, G2, G3, and G4 is selected by a switching operation by a shift fork (not shown) of No. 6.

Further, the reverse gear train GR is a drive gear 27 on the input shaft 20.
and a driven gear 2 integrally formed with the first switching clutch 25.
9 and an intermediate shift gear 30 (FIG. 1), and when the shift gear 30 is switched to the right reverse position in the drawing, the drive gear 27 and the driven gear 29 are connected via the shift gear 30. It is configured.

The overdrive mechanism 5 includes a planetary gear device 31 and a brake mechanism 33. A carrier 39 of the planetary gear device 31 is spline-coupled to the input inner ring 16 of the manual transmission 3, and a pinion gear 36 is connected to the carrier 39.
is pivotally supported, and the pinion gear 36 is connected to the sun gear 35.
and is meshed with the ring gear 37. The sun gear 35 is rotatably supported by the input inner ring 16, and a rotary ring 40 is spline-coupled to the outer periphery of the sun gear 35, and a brake actuated by the piston 34 is attached to the outer periphery of the rotary ring 40. A mechanism 33 is provided, and the sun gear 35 is configured to be fixed or rotatable by engaging and releasing the brake mechanism 33. On the other hand, a ring gear 37 that meshes with a pinion 36 of a planetary gear unit 31 is coupled to the input outer shaft 17 of the manual transmission 3 .

The clutch 15 and brake mechanism 33 described above are automatically controlled by a hydraulic control device, and, for example, the hydraulic pressure is controlled by an electronic control device.

Next, the operation of the present invention having the above configuration will be explained. The power of the engine 1 is transmitted through the front cover 10 and the damper 18 to the manual transmission M! However, when the clutch 15 is released and the sun gear 35 is released due to the brake mechanism 33 not operating, the signal is in a neutral state. When starting the vehicle, the clutch 15 of the fluid coupling 2 is engaged, and
A single forward gear train G1 is selected by the first switching clutch 25 of the manual transmission 3, and the brake mechanism 33 is not operated and the sun gear 35 is released. Therefore,
The power of the engine 1 is transmitted to the fluid coupling 2 via the crankshaft 9.
The rotation of the pump impeller 12 is then transmitted to the turbine runner 13, which rotates the input outer shaft 17 of the manual transmission 3 connected to the turbine runner 13. The signal is output to an output shaft 23 including an output gear 22 via a single forward gear train G1. On the other hand, the power of engine 1 is generated by front cover 1.
0, input inner shaft 16 of manual transmission 3 via damper 18
However, since the brake mechanism 33 of the overdrive mechanism 5 is not operating, the planetary gear unit 3
1 sun gear 35 is released, and the input inner ring 16
The rotation is not transmitted to the ring gear 37 and is not transmitted to the input outer shaft 17.

Next, when the brake mechanism 33 of the overdrive mechanism 5 is activated and the sun gear 35 is fixed, the rotation of the input inner shaft 16 is transmitted to the ring gear 37 via the carrier 39 and pinion 36 of the ML gear device 31. The speed is increased depending on the relationship between the numbers of gears of the pinion 36 and the ring gear 37, and is transmitted to the input outer shaft 17. At this time, the rotational speed of the input outer shaft 17 exceeds the rotational speed of the turbine runner 13, and the one-way clutch 14 is disengaged, allowing smooth gear shifting.

In addition, each gear train G1, G2, G3 in the manual transmission 83
, G4, the clutch 15 and brake mechanism 33 are controlled in conjunction with a shift lever (not shown).
Create a neutral state by releasing
Each gear train G1, G2, G3, and G4 is switched. As mentioned above, immediately after the gear train is switched, the power of the engine 1 is transferred from the front of the manual transmission 3 to the turbine runner 13.
, the input to the input outer shaft 17 via the clutch 15 and the one-way clutch ■4, and each gear train G1, G2, G3,
However, when the transmission efficiency between the pump impeller 12 and the turbine runner 13 in the fluid coupling 2 increases and the rotational speed of the input outer shaft 17 exceeds a predetermined value, the power of the engine 1 is transferred to the input inner shaft. The transmission is transmitted from the rear of the manual transmission 3 to the input outer shaft 17 via the shaft 16 and the overdrive mechanism 5, thereby enabling automatic gear changes. Since the one-way clutch 14 allows over-rotation of the human-powered outer shaft 17 relative to the turbine runner 13, it is possible to shift gears with less shock.

Therefore, by adding an overdrive mechanism to a transmission with four forward speeds, it becomes possible to change the speed with eight forward speeds.

FIG. 3 shows another specific configuration example in FIG. 1. The difference from the specific configuration example in FIG. 2 is that in FIG. Although the piston 34 of the vine brake 33 is disposed within the outer circumferential space of the end portion, in this embodiment, the piston 34 of the vine brake 33
This is a point arranged in the outer circumferential space of No. 1. As a result, the length of the transmission in the axial direction can be shortened, and the entire transmission can be made compact.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, and it goes without saying that various changes can be made. For example, in the above-mentioned embodiment, each gear train G in the manual transmission 3
1, G2, G3, and G4, the power of the engine 1 is input from the front of the manual transmission 3 through the input outer shaft 17, and when the rotational speed of the input outer wheel 16 exceeds a predetermined value, the engine 1 The power is transferred from the rear of the manual transmission 3 to the input outer shaft 17 via the input inner shaft 16 and the overdrive mechanism 5.
The transmission is transmitted to the 8-speed transmission to enable automatic gear shifting, and as a result, 8-speed shifting is possible. However, this shifting method is not limited to the above embodiment, and various combinations of 8-speed shifting methods can be used. Variations are possible.

As is clear from the above description, the present invention provides the following effects.

(b) Part of the gear shifting operation is automated using a one-way clutch and overdrive mechanism, which reduces the complexity of gear shifting operations.

(b) Since there are two power input lines to the manual transmission, the number of gears can be doubled, making multi-speed shifting possible, and even if one power input line fails, the other It can be run using a power input system.

(c) By increasing the number of gears, it is possible to improve power performance and fuel efficiency.

(d) By employing an existing gear mechanism in a conventional semi-automatic transmission, multi-speed shifting is possible, so design costs can be significantly reduced.

(E) Since a fluid coupling is used, smooth starting and shifting with less shock are possible.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a specific configuration example of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing another specific configuration example of FIG. 1. FIG. ■8. ．． Engine, 2... Fluid coupling, 3... Manual transmission 3.5... Overdrive mechanism, 6... Differential gear, 7... Drive wheel, 9... Crankshaft, 10...
・Front cover, 11...Rear cover, 12...
Pump impeller, 13...Turbine runner, 14...
・One-way club. dry, 15...clutch, 16...human power inner shaft, 17.
...Input outer shaft, I9...Transmission case, 20...Input shaft, 21...Differential input gear, 22...Output gear, 23-1. Output shaft, 25... first switching clutch,
26... Second switching clutch, 27... Drive gear, 2
9... Driven gear, 30... Shift gear, 31...
Planetary gear device, 33... Brake mechanism, 34... Piston, 35... Sun gear, 36... Pinion, 3
7...Ring gear, 39...Carrier, 40...
Rotating ring, GI G2, G3, G4, GR...gear train. Applicant: Aisin Warner Co., Ltd. Representative Patent Attorney Hiroki Shirai (2 others) Tuna Hrs Xh inner shaft 1 λ cut shaft

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) In a semi-automatic transmission for a vehicle in which a manual transmission is connected to a fluid coupling, the manual transmission has an input inner shaft that directly transmits power from the engine and an input outer shaft that transmits power via the fluid coupling. In addition, the fluid coupling is provided with a clutch and a one-way clutch connected to the input outer shaft of the manual transmission, and the input inner shaft is connected to the input outer shaft via an overdrive mechanism operated by a brake mechanism. A semi-automatic transmission for a vehicle characterized by being connected. (2) The semi-automatic transmission for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the overdrive mechanism comprises a planetary gear set and a brake mechanism for fixing or releasing a sun gear of the planetary gear set. (3) The semi-automatic transmission for a vehicle according to claim 2, wherein a piston for operating the brake mechanism is disposed in an outer circumferential space of an axial end of the input shaft. (4) The semi-automatic transmission for a vehicle according to claim 2, wherein a piston for operating the brake is disposed in an outer peripheral space of the planetary gear device.