JPS62223254A - Agricultural vinyl chloride resin film - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an agricultural vinyl chloride resin film which does not cause formation of mist or fog in greenhouses and contains no conventional ultraviolet absorber. CONSTITUTION:An agricultural vinyl chloride resin film which allows at least 50% of light having a wavelength of 350nm to be transmitted and does not cause formation of mist and/or fog in greenhouses. Pref. at least one pt.wt. nonionic surfactant, at least 0.02pt.wt. dust-proofing, fog-proofing fluorine compd. and at least 0.2pt.wt. hindered amine light stabilizer are incorporated in the film. When the film is used, ultraviolet light transmittance is increased and mist and/or fog are/is prevented from being formed. Thus, the film is effective in improving the growth, quality and yield of garden crops.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention The present invention relates to the improvement of polyvinyl chloride films for agricultural use, and improves the growth, quality, and yield of horticultural crops by increasing the transmittance of ultraviolet rays and suppressing the occurrence of coriander and/or fog. The present invention provides a horticultural covering material that is effective for.

Conventionally, polyvinyl chloride-based covering materials have been widely used for greenhouse cultivation and tunnel cultivation due to their excellent heat retention, transparency, and weather resistance. It has become common practice to use ultraviolet absorbers for the purpose of improving the weather resistance.

In addition, the research on controlling crop growth, disease, etc. by selecting the wavelength of light was conducted under the title ``Comprehensive Research on Technologies for Efficient Utilization of Natural Energy in Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries in 1978.'' Although it is reported in (Research Report on the Development of Technology for Selective Use of Light Quality Useful for Plants) published by the Light Ray Selective Utilization Technology Research Association, the effects of the ultraviolet transmitting film are not disclosed except for use on eggplants.

In addition, as a patent covering this, the Japanese Patent Publication No.53-473
83. Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-59725 describes that removing ultraviolet rays is effective in suppressing diseases and improving the growth of nine crops.

In addition, the transmission of ultraviolet rays activates andocyanin photosynthesis in eggplants, which is good for the growth of eggplants.
28860, but this only describes the effects on eggplant cultivation.

The present invention is an ultraviolet-transparent agricultural polyvinyl chloride film that transmits more than 50% of light at a wavelength of 3,500 m, and does not use ultraviolet absorbers conventionally used to impart weather resistance, but instead uses hindered amines with low ultraviolet absorption performance. By using a light stabilizer, the film has the effect of transmitting ultraviolet rays without reducing weather resistance, and by using a fluorine-based compound that has the effect of suppressing penetration, it suppresses the occurrence of dew in the morning. This improves the environment inside the greenhouse by allowing in sufficient sunlight in the morning and evening, which is important for plant growth, and at the same time preventing the greenhouse from becoming overly humid.

Next, the present invention will be specifically explained using examples.

(Table 1) G-Sorb 130 Made by Shiraishi Calcium Kogyo (K) Ultraviolet absorber S-393 Made by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd. Fluorine-based oligomer DS-401 Made by Daikine Fluorine-based surfactant L-577 Made by Argus Argus Inc. Hindered amine photostabilizer The formulations shown in Table 1 were mixed and kneaded in a conventional manner, and a film of 0.1 mm thickness was prepared using a calendar roll.The weather resistance, anti-rust properties, and light transmittance at 350 nm are shown in Table 1.

Net melon, Kirari using Examples (1) and (3).

Cultivation tests were conducted on υ′ sweet potatoes and green peppers, and the following effects were observed.

1. Difficult to lengthen 2. Leaf shape is small and thick 3. 1. Room temperature rises quickly 4. Room temperature is higher than conventional film 5. Leaf damage caused by over-humidity is very low 6. Diseases caused by over-humidity are reduced 7. Fruit coloring is good 8. Harvesting waves Looking at the effects of each crop, which yielded less on average, the effects were as follows.

Usage example 1 Net melon (variety Earl's melon) The momentum of the first book was good.

2nd crop The fruits were slightly fatter than 1, 4 and 9 → 1.5Kg/per piece (100g heavier per piece).

3rd production The tree is firm and the fruit is heavy, Netsu] - Both type 1 were good, and the effect of the film was clearly recognized.

(Note) Melons have been cultivated in glass greenhouses for a long time, and films have traditionally been used to cut UV rays to match the light transmission properties of glass.By transmitting UV rays, good results can be achieved. What we have achieved is a violation of conventional wisdom.

Usage example 2 Kirari (variety, Kamya No. 2) ・There was no occurrence of gray mold or end rot.

・The fruit was dark in color and did not bloom.

・Harvesting was less uneven and yields were higher.

Use example 3: Sweet potato (variety: Tosa Beni) - Harvest time was 10 days earlier than in conventional farming where the potatoes were planted at the same time.

・Yield was approximately 20% higher.

Usage example 4 green pepper ・The peaks of the harvested saikuru were long, and they began to bloom immediately after harvest.

・There were few ineffective leaves.

・There was no sunburn on the fruit.

(Note) With conventional film, if the sun suddenly shines on a cloudy day, the fruit will burn.

(blister) ・Yield was approximately 20% higher.

Among the crops used, melons have been cultivated in glass greenhouses for a long time, and when using films, films with this property, that is, the ability to suppress ultraviolet rays, are used. Until now, it had not been discovered that UV-transparent films were suitable for cultivation.

Next, when green peppers are exposed to strong sunlight, such as in early spring, when the sun suddenly shines from a cloudy sky, the green pepper fruits can be damaged using conventional film.
Blisters. To prevent the phenomenon of so-called sunburn, the film was sprinkled with paint, slaked lime, etc. to block light during times of strong sunlight. No burnout phenomenon occurred, and a phenomenon that broke conventional wisdom was observed.

As mentioned above, the ultraviolet transmitting film of the present invention has many favorable effects on the growth of crops, which is contrary to the conventional wisdom, and is a practical invention for agricultural polyvinyl chloride.

Patent applicant: Okamoto Co., Ltd.
Masa Hayakawa
Name゛-(1,,-

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) An agricultural vinyl chloride resin film that transmits 50% or more of light with a wavelength of 350 nm and suppresses fog and/or fog generation in a greenhouse. (2) The description in (1), which contains at least 1 part by weight or more of a nonionic surfactant and 0.02 part by weight or more of a fog-proofing fluorine compound and 0.2 part by weight or more of a hindered amine light stabilizer. agricultural vinyl chloride resin film.