JPS6219756Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed explanation of the idea] The mud shield method has been adopted as a method for excavating tunnel holes in soft ground in cities.

In this construction method, if the excavated ground contains cobblestones or gravel, the shield excavator is installed with a bulkhead a as shown in Figure 1.
The tank is divided into an atmospheric pressure chamber A on the tunnel entrance side and a mud water pressure chamber B on the face side, and mud water is pumped from the ground mud tank b to the mud pressure chamber B via a water supply pump c, while the tip cutter d The earth and sand e excavated by the sludge pump is transported as slurry through the sludge pipe f, and the large-diameter gravel is classified or crushed by the gravel removal device g installed in the atmospheric pressure chamber A. It is transported outside the mine by h.

In such a method, the diameter of the gravel to be carried out is limited by the dimensions of the mud removal pipe f, and therefore, if the diameter of the pipe is increased with only the passage of gravel taken into consideration, the equipment will become extremely large-scale. That is, when gravel is transported through a pipe, the pipe becomes clogged when the flow rate drops below a certain level. Therefore, when the pipe diameter is increased, it is necessary to circulate a correspondingly large amount of muddy water, and generally, when the pipe diameter is doubled, it is necessary to circulate four times the volume of muddy water.
Construction costs are high.

In addition, installing a gravel classification device in the mud pressure chamber inside the excavator has a limited capacity due to space constraints.
Moreover, the work of transporting the classified large-diameter gravel reduces construction efficiency.

This project was proposed in view of these circumstances, and consists of installing a bulkhead inside the excavator to separate it into a front mud pressure chamber and a rear atmospheric pressure chamber, and installing a watertight gate in the mud pressure chamber. A watertight hopper for discharging excavated soil from the face is provided, and the watertight hopper is equipped with a screen disposed directly below the watertight gate and a hydraulic geocrusher disposed in contact with the rear of the screen, so that the partition wall relates to a shield type tunnel excavator characterized in that it is equipped with a manhole that opens into the watertight hopper, the purpose of which is to rationally process large-diameter gravel and efficiently drill a tunnel hole. An object of the present invention is to provide an improved mud water type shield type tunnel excavator capable of excavating through the ground.

In this case, as mentioned above, in the watertight hopper for excavated soil discharging from the face, which is installed in the mud pressure chamber separated by a partition wall inside the excavator, a watertight gate is installed in the hopper. Since the screen is placed in the center, the working capacity of the screen is maximized. Further, since a hydraulic crusher is disposed in contact with the rear of the screen in the watertight hopper, the cobbles separated by the screen can enter the crusher without being caught on the way.

In this way, the small-diameter gravel crushed by the crusher and the small-grained earth and sand that passed through the screen are discharged backward through the same sludge pipe with the help of gravity and the flow of muddy water. be.

Therefore, when a geo crusher is operated in a mud pressure chamber, pulsation is transmitted to the face and there is a risk of making the face unstable, but since the crusher is built in a watertight hopper, it is possible to prevent the pulsation from directly reaching the face. In addition, since the crusher is composed of a hydraulic jaw crusher, the number of times the jaw moves is reduced, the influence of pulsation on the face is reduced, and the processing capacity is reduced by using a powerful hydraulic jack. It is possible to prevent the pulsation from increasing without causing any problems.
In addition, by using a hydraulic geocrusher as the crusher, the device can be made more compact and more efficient gravel crushing can be carried out.Furthermore, the gravel intake opening is large, making it possible to crush all types of gravel from large diameters to small diameters. is to be carried out.

According to the present invention, the watertight hopper is equipped with a watertight gate, and the front bulkhead is provided with a manhole that opens into the hopper, so that when the hydraulic jaw crusher in the watertight hopper is replaced or repaired. To do this, the input port of the watertight hopper is watertightly closed using the watertight gate to isolate the inside of the hopper from groundwater pressure in the mud pressure chamber, and the manhole provided in the bulkhead is opened to allow the inside of the watertight hopper to be closed. The pressure is set to atmospheric pressure, and the crusher can be removed from the same hopper and replaced or repaired.

The present invention will be described below with reference to illustrated embodiments.

1 is the shield body of the shield excavator,
The shield jack 2 attached to the main body 1 is extended and its spreader 3 presses the segment 4 assembled at the rear inside the shield main body 1, and the shield main body 1 moves forward by taking a reaction force on the segment 4. It's becoming like that.

A partition wall 5 is disposed in the shield body 1, and the partition wall 5 divides the shield body 1 into a rear atmospheric pressure chamber A and a front mud water pressure chamber B.

Reference numeral 6 denotes a cutlet ace, which is driven and rotated by an oil motor 7 attached to the shield body 1 via a pinion 8 and a gear 9. A cutter bit 10 attached to the cutlet ace 6
The earth and sand at the face are now excavated by the excavation method. On the other hand, the radial load of the bearing supporting the cutter face 6 is supported by the bearing 11, and the thrust load from the front is supported by the bearing 12. In addition, the mud water pressure chamber B and the atmospheric pressure chamber A are sealed with sealing material 1.
It is sealed by 3.

A watertight hopper 14 for charging excavated soil to the face is disposed in the mud pressure chamber B, and the excavated soil is charged into the hopper 14. A screen 15 and a hydraulic crusher 16 are built into the hopper 14, and the hopper 14 is further connected to a gravel processing device 18 such as a crusher or classifier disposed in the atmospheric pressure chamber A via a mud removal pipe 17. There is.

The gravel treatment device 18 is connected to a mud water tank 21 installed on the ground via a mud removal pipe 20 equipped with a mud drainage pump 19 , and from the tank 21 a mud water supply pipe 23 equipped with a water supply pump 22 is connected. Mud water is forced to be fed to the mud water pressure chamber B through the mud water pressure chamber B. The gravel processing device 18 and the inside of the hopper 14 are connected by a mud water circulation pipe 25 in which a mud water circulation pump 24 is interposed.

The hopper 14 is provided with a watertight gate 27 that is moved forward and backward by a jack 26 provided on the shield body 1 to open and close the input port of the hopper 14, and furthermore, the partition wall 5 is provided with a watertight gate 27 that opens into the hopper 14. A manhole 28 is provided.

Therefore, among the excavated soil C fed into the hopper 14, the earth, sand, and small-diameter gravel that can pass through the mud removal pipe 17 pass through the screen 15, fall within the hopper 14, and flow backward through the mud removal pipe 17. transported to.

Large-diameter gravel that does not pass through the screen 15 falls into a hydraulic geo-crusher 16, is crushed into small-diameter gravel, and is conveyed rearward via a mud removal pipe 17.

As mentioned above, the gravel processing device 1 is
The excavated earth and sand and coarsely crushed gravel conveyed to 8 are conveyed to the ground via a sludge pipe 20 by a sludge pump 19.

Since the mud removal pipe 17 also transports coarsely crushed gravel, it needs to have a large diameter. Therefore, in order to maintain the required flow rate for transporting gravel through the pipe, the gravel processing device 18
The muddy water is pumped through the muddy water circulation pipe 25 by the muddy water circulation pump 24 to the hopper 14 and the gravel processing device 18.
It circulates between

In addition, if the amount of large-diameter gravel in the excavated earth and sand is small, the hydraulic geo crusher 16 in the hopper 14
Since it is possible to crush large-diameter gravel into small-diameter gravel that can be transported outside the mine via a pipe, the underground gravel processing device 18, muddy water circulation pump 24, and muddy water circulation pipe 25 are used.
becomes unnecessary.

If it becomes necessary to repair or replace the hydraulic jaw crusher 16 in the hopper 14, extend the jack 26 by applying a reaction force to the shield body 1, and move the watertight gate 27 to the left in FIG. Hotupa 1
4, the underground water pressure in the mud water pressure chamber B is cut off, the manhole 28 in the partition wall 5 is opened, and the inside of the hopper 14 is set to atmospheric pressure, and the hydraulic hydraulic crusher is taken out from the hopper 14 and repaired or replaced.

FIG. 3 shows the details of the hydraulic jaw crusher 16, in which a jack mounting bracket 30 and a movable plate reaction force support bracket 31 are respectively disposed above and below the rear end of the reaction force support frame 29 supported by the shield body 1, and the front end A crusher fixing plate 32 is provided.

A movable plate 33 of the crusher is provided opposite to the fixed plate 32, and the lower rear end of the movable plate 33 is rotatable via a pin 35 to a movable plate mounting bracket 34 protruding from the movable plate reaction force support bracket 31. Pins 36 and 37 are freely pivoted between the upper rear end of the movable plate 33 and the jack mounting bracket 30.
A hydraulic jack 38 is connected thereto.

Teeth 32a and 33a for crushing gravel are attached to the opposing surfaces of the fixed plate 32 and the movable plate 33, respectively, and the intervals between the lower ends of the teeth 32a and 33a gradually decrease as they move downward. Curved tooth portions 32b and 33b formed in a curved surface shape are successively provided.

In the crusher, the hydraulic jack 38 normally retracts and the movable plate 33 rotates about the pin 35 in the direction of the hour hand, and as shown in the figure, the movable plate 33 and the fixed plate 3
2 is in an open state at its upper end.

Since the large-diameter gravel thrown into the opening of the crusher is sandwiched between the movable plate 33 and the fixed plate 32, the hydraulic jack 38 is extended and the movable plate 3
3 in the counterclockwise direction about the pin 35, the large-diameter gravel is not only subjected to compressive force by the teeth 32a, 33a of the two plates 32, 33, but also is moved by the movable plate 33. Since the pivoting pin 35 is located below the curved tooth portion 33b, shearing force is applied between the curved tooth 33b and the curved tooth 32b of the fixed plate 32, and the large diameter gravel is effectively The gravel is crushed and falls from the opening at the lower end between the fixed plate 32 and the movable plate 33 as small-diameter gravel that can be transported through a pipe.

Further, when the movable plate 33 is rotated backward from the gravel crushing position by the hydraulic jack 38, the lower end curved tooth 33b of the movable plate 33 and the lower end curved tooth 32b of the fixed plate 32 opposing this move downward. By forming a curved surface in which the distance between the two gradually decreases as the distance increases, small-diameter gravel is prevented from rising up.

As mentioned above, by incorporating the geo crusher together with the hydraulic jack that powers it in the front muddy water chamber, and by making it a device that can be easily taken out as a single unit, it is possible to use a cone crusher and a gear machine that are operated by other rotary power. Compared to a model with a built-in tree crusher, it has increased crushing power for cobblestones, gravel, etc., and can be made smaller, and it is also easy to replace and repair the parts that inevitably wear out. It has special effects, such as:

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical side view of a conventional muddy shield tunnel excavator, FIG. 2 is a vertical side view of an embodiment of the muddy shield tunnel excavator according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a side view of its crusher. 1... Shield body, 5... Bulkhead, 14... Watertight hopper, 16... Hydraulic type jaw crusher, 1
7... Sludge removal pipe, 18... Gravel processing device, 24... Mud water circulation pump, 25... Mud water circulation pipe, 27
...Watertight gate, 28...Manhole, A...Atmospheric pressure chamber, B...Mud water pressure chamber.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A bulkhead is installed inside the excavator to divide it into a front mud pressure chamber and a rear atmospheric pressure chamber, and a watertight hopper equipped with a watertight gate for discharging excavated soil from the face is installed in the mud pressure chamber. The watertight hopper has a built-in screen disposed directly below the watertight gate and a hydraulic jaw crusher disposed in contact with the rear of the screen, and the bulkhead is provided with a manhole that opens into the watertight hopper. A shield type tunnel excavator characterized by: