JPS6217352Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] This invention temporarily closes the external opening of a ballast discharge pipe in ships such as oil tankers and chemical tankers in order to prevent fluids such as oil and water from leaking out from the opening. The present invention relates to a ballast discharge pipe closing device for ships.

Generally, one end of a high-level ballast discharge pipe in a ship such as an oil tanker or a chemical tanker communicates with a pump room in the ship's hull, and the other end passes through a partition plate that separates the pump room from the fuel tank room and passes through the fuel tank room. It opens from the side shell plate to the outside of the ship, and a closing valve is interposed in the middle of the ballast discharge pipe in the pump room, and when discharging the ballast, the closing valve is opened and the ballast is discharged outside the ship. That's what I do.

However, even when the closing valve is closed, fuel oil may leak from the closing valve itself due to corrosion caused by seawater, or the fuel oil may be discharged from the ballast from a defective part of the ballast discharge pipe in the fuel tank room. Oily water may inadvertently leak into the seawater from the external opening of the ballast discharge pipe due to leakage into the pipe. Even if the amount of oil leakage is small, it is not allowed within a port or on the coast due to legal regulations.

Therefore, in order to prevent the leakage of oil and water to the sea side in such ports, etc., conventionally, the external opening of the ballast discharge pipe was closed with a wooden plug, or with adhesive or cement. An emergency measure was taken to temporarily close the system. However, in this case, depending on the ship's stagnant state, the opening may be located below the water surface, requiring a diver to perform underwater work, which requires a lot of time and effort to install and remove the plug. It was hot. In addition, with the conventional type, it is not possible to know the state and cause of leakage into the ballast discharge pipe, and furthermore, it is impossible to fundamentally extract the leaked fluid that has filled the ballast discharge pipe, so the above plug was removed. However, there was also the drawback that the leaked fluid flowed into the sea.

Therefore, the present invention has been developed in view of the above, and is designed to more reliably and conveniently temporarily close the opening of the ballast discharge pipe to prevent fluids such as oil and water from leaking out of the opening outside the hull. In order to improve the occluding effect and to facilitate installation and removal,
Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to completely extract leakage fluid from the ballast discharge pipe, and thereby to detect the state of leakage.

To achieve this purpose, the configuration of the present invention temporarily blocks the external opening of the ballast discharge pipe, which has one end communicating with the pump chamber of the hull and the other end opening outside the hull at the side skin plate. The closure device comprises an inflatable cylindrical bag formed with an outer diameter that can be fitted into the external opening of the hull, and extends through the bag from one end surface to the other end surface in the center direction. A blocking plug having a first communicating thin tube whose end is formed to open opposite to the bottom of the inner wall of the ballast discharge pipe and a second communicating thin tube that also penetrates toward the center of the bag body, and one end surface of the blocking plug. a first supply/discharge hose that is communicatively connected to the inside of the bag body, a second supply/discharge hose that is communicatively connected to one end of the first communicating thin tube at one end surface of the blockage plug, and the blockage plug. comprising an air supply hose connected to the second communicating thin tube at one end surface so as to be communicable, and a switching control device connected to the other end of each of the hoses to switch and control supply and discharge of compressed air to each hose, When it is necessary to close the above-mentioned external hull opening, a blocking plug is inserted into the opening, and the switching control device is operated to supply compressed air to the first supply/discharge hose and inflate the bag body, thereby sealing the opening airtight. At the same time, compressed air is supplied to the air supply hose to pressurize the inside of the ballast discharge pipe through the second communication thin tube, and leak fluid from the ballast discharge pipe is removed through the first communication thin tube and the second supply/discharge hose. On the other hand, when blockage is not required, compressed air is supplied to the second supply and discharge hose or the air supply hose or the air supply hose to warm up the inside of the ballast discharge pipe via the first or second communication thin pipe when no blockage is required. At the same time as pressure,
By discharging the compressed air inside the bag through a first supply/discharge hose and contracting the bag, the blocking plug can be automatically taken out from the opening to the outside. be.

Here, it is preferable that the bag has an appropriate number of annular bands around its outer periphery, since this ensures the cylindrical shape retention when the bag is inflated and enhances the airtight closing effect of the opening outside the hull. .

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on embodiments shown in the drawings.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, 1 is the hull of a ship such as an oil tanker or a chemical tanker, 2 is a pump chamber defined by a partition plate 3 at the center of the cross section of the hull 1, and 4 is the pump chamber 2. 5 is the upper deck. Further, 6 is a ballast discharge pipe whose one end communicates with the inside of the pump chamber 2, and whose other end passes through the partition plate 3, passes through the fuel tank chamber 4, and opens to the outside of the hull 1 at the side outer plate 1a of the hull 1. A closing valve 7 is interposed in the middle of the pump chamber 2 portion of the ballast discharge pipe 6, and the closing valve 7 is normally closed.
The ballast discharge pipe 6 is closed by the closing operation, and when the ballast is discharged, the closing valve 7 is opened to open the ballast discharge pipe 6 and the ballast is discharged.

On the other hand, reference numeral 8 denotes a cylindrical plug installed in the external hull opening 6a of the ballast discharge pipe 6, and the plug 8 has an outer diameter that can be fitted into the opening 6a and has a sealing area. An inflatable cylindrical rubber bag body 9 having an appropriate length necessary to ensure the
and flanges 1 fixed to both end surfaces of the bag body 9.
0, 11, and a first communicating thin tube 12 that connects both flanges 10, 11 and is disposed in the center of the bag body 9 so as to penetrate from one end surface of the bag body 9 to the other end surface in the center direction;
Similarly, it consists of a second communicating thin tube 13 which connects both flanges 10 and 11 and is disposed substantially parallel to the first communicating thin tube 12 and penetrating toward the center of the bag body 9. The one flange 10 (the flange on the side facing the outside of the ship) has a first connection hole 14 communicating with the inside of the bag 9, a second connection hole 15 communicating with one end of the first communication thin tube 12, and the A third connecting hole 16 communicating with one end of the second communicating thin tube 13 is provided, and the other flange 11 (ballast discharge pipe 6
A first communicating hole 17 communicating with the other end of the first communicating thin tube 12 and a second communicating hole 18 communicating with the other end of the second communicating thin tube 13 are provided in the flange on the side facing the inside. The first communication hole 17 is configured to open opposite the inner wall bottom 6b of the ballast discharge pipe 6 via a short pipe 19 made of a pressure-resistant rubber hose or the like. Further, an appropriate number of annular bands 20 (one in the figure) having a built-in sponge are integrally wrapped around the outer peripheral surface of the bag 9 to maintain its cylindrical shape when the bag 9 is inflated. I try to maintain it. Further, the first and second communicating thin tubes 1
2 and 13 serve as the above-mentioned body 9 in addition to serving as a communicating pipe.
It also has the role of keeping the length constant. Furthermore, an annular handle 21 is integrally attached to one of the flanges 10 to facilitate transportation of the plug 8, and a binding device 22 such as a rope or wire is connected to the handle 21. The other end of the binding device 22 is fixed to the upper deck 5 etc. of the hull 1,
This prevents the plug 8 from being washed away and allows the plug 8 to be pulled up after being removed.

Furthermore, reference numeral 23 denotes a first supply/discharge hose made of a pressure-resistant rubber hose or the like connected to the first connection hole 14 at one end surface (the end surface facing the outside) of the closure plug 8 so as to communicate with the inside of the bag body 9. , 24 is a second supply/discharge hose, such as a pressure-resistant rubber hose, which is connected to one end of the first communicating thin tube 12 at one end face of the blocking plug 8 to communicate with the second connecting hole 15; 25 is a second supply/discharge hose of the blocking plug 8; The second communicating thin tube 1 at one end surface
An air supply hose made of a pressure-resistant rubber hose or the like is connected to the third connection hole 16 so as to be able to communicate with one end of each hose 23 to 25, and the other end of each of the hoses 23 to 25 is connected to a portable hose placed on the upper deck 5. It is connected to the switching control device 26. The switching control device 26 includes an air supply pipe 27 connected to one end of the compressed air source (not shown).
, a pressure reducing valve 28 connected to the other end of the air supply pipe 27, and first to third branch pipes 29 branched from the pressure reducing valve 28 and connected to each hose 23 to 25, respectively.
~ 31, a main on-off valve 32 interposed in the middle of the first branch pipe 29, and a main on-off valve 32 branched from the rear of the main on-off valve 32 of the first branch pipe 29 and opened to the atmosphere via the first on-off valve 33. the atmosphere opening pipe 34 and the first branch pipe 2
A first pressure gauge 35 is installed upright after the branch part of the air release pipe 34 of No. 9, and the air source side communication port 36a, the hose side communication port 36b, and the air source side communication port 36b are interposed in the middle of the second branch pipe 30, and the air release pipe 34 is connected to the air source side communication port 36b. A three-way switching valve 36 having a port 36c, and an atmosphere opening port 36c of the three-way switching valve 36.
a recovery pipe 38 connected to the recovery pipe 38 whose other end opens into a recovery container 37 such as a drum, and a second pressure gauge 39 interposed behind the three-way switching valve 36 of the second branch pipe 30;
and a second on-off valve 40 interposed in the middle of the third branch pipe 31, and when the main on-off valve 32 is opened, the first on-off valve 33 is closed, and the three-way switching valve 3
6 into a state where the air source side communication port 36a is closed and the hose side communication port 36b and the atmosphere release port 36c are in communication, and by opening the second on-off valve 40, the appropriate pressure is maintained by the pressure reducing valve 28. Compressed air from a compressed air source whose pressure has been reduced to The exhaust hose 24 is communicated with the recovery container 37 via the second branch pipe 30 and the recovery pipe 38, and when the main on-off valve 32 is closed, the first on-off valve 33 is opened and the three-way switching valve 36 is opened to the atmosphere. Mouth 3
6c is closed, the air source side communication port 36a and the hose side communication port 36b are in communication, and the second on-off valve 40 is closed, so that the pressure reducing valve 28 is closed.
Compressed air from a compressed air source whose pressure has been reduced by It is configured to communicate with the atmosphere through the.

As described above, when it is necessary to close the external hull opening 6a of the ballast discharge pipe 6, the closing plug 8 is inserted into the opening 6a.
, and by operating the switching control device 26 to the main on-off valve 32 open state switching position, the first supply/discharge hose 23
The bag body 9 is expanded radially outward by supplying compressed air to airtightly close the opening 6a, and compressed air is supplied to the air supply hose 25 to inflate the bag body 9 radially outward. Ballast discharge pipe 6
The inside is pressurized and the leaked fluid in the ballast discharge pipe 6 is extracted to the external recovery container 37 via the short pipe 19, the first communication thin pipe 12 and the second supply/discharge hose 24, and when the blockage is not required, the switching control device 26 By operating the main on-off valve 32 to the closed state switching position, compressed air is supplied to the second supply/discharge hose 24 and the first communication thin tube 12 is
By pressurizing the inside of the ballast discharge pipe 6 through the ballast discharge pipe 6 and discharging the compressed air inside the bag 9 to the atmosphere through the first supply/discharge hose 23, the bag 9 is contracted radially inward. , the closure plug 8 is configured to be automatically removable to the outside of the hull 1 through the opening 6a. In addition, 41-43 are connection joints, respectively.

Next, to describe the operating procedure and function of the above embodiment, when there is oil water leaking outside from the ballast discharge pipe 6 immediately after a vessel such as a tanker enters port, and it is necessary to close the external opening 6a of the vessel. Insert the plug 8 into the opening 6a. In that case, the plug 8 normally has an opening 6a.
Since the outer diameter is smaller than the diameter of the opening 6a, it can be inserted extremely easily.Therefore, even if the opening 6a is below the water surface, if it is at a shallow position, a diver etc. do not need. Also,
At that time, in advance, the first to third connection holes 14 of the plug 8 are
~16 and the first ~ of the switching control device 26 on the upper deck 5
The third branch pipes 29 to 31 are connected to the hoses 23 to 25, respectively.
Furthermore, a compressed air source (not shown) is connected to the air supply pipe 27 of the switching control device 26. Here, since a compressed air pipe is usually laid on the upper deck 5, it is possible to easily connect to a compressed air source by making a branch connection from there.

In this state, the first on-off valve 33 is closed in the switching control device 26, the three-way switching valve 36 is set in a state where the hose side communication port 36b and the atmosphere opening port 36c are in communication, and the pressure reducing valve 28 is set properly. After setting the pressure, the main on-off valve 32 is opened. As a result, compressed air reduced to an appropriate pressure is transferred to the first branch pipe 2.
9 and the first supply/discharge hose 23 into the bag body 9 of the plug 8, the bag body 9 expands radially outward, and together with the cylindrical shape retaining action of the annular band 20, the ballast in close contact with the external hull opening 6a of the discharge pipe 6;
Since the opening 6a is completely airtightly closed, leakage of oil and water from the opening 6a can be reliably prevented.

Next, after the blocking plug 8 is installed, the second on-off valve 4 is opened.
By opening the ballast discharge pipe 6 appropriately, the compressed air is supplied from the third branch pipe 31 to the ballast discharge pipe 6 via the air supply hose 25 and the second communication thin pipe 13, and the inside of the ballast discharge pipe 6 is heated. Press. As a result, leakage of oil and water to the ballast discharge pipe 6 is carried out through the short pipe 19, the first communication thin pipe 12, and the second supply/discharge hose 2.
4, the three-way switching valve 36, overflows from the collection pipe 38, and is collected into the collection container 37. At this time, since the short pipe 19 provided at the other end of the first communication thin pipe 12 is open facing the inner wall bottom 6b of the ballast discharge pipe 6, all leaked oil and water in the ballast discharge pipe 6 can be completely removed. It can be extracted into a collection container 37. Further, depending on the overflow condition of the leaked oil and water, it is possible to detect the degree of intrusion of fuel oil from the fuel tank chamber 4 into the ballast discharge pipe 6 or the degree of leakage from the closing valve 7 in the pump chamber 2.

On the other hand, if the blocking plug 8 is to be removed immediately before or after a vessel such as a tanker departs from port, as it is no longer necessary to block the external opening 6a of the ballast discharge pipe 6, the three-way switching valve 36 is switched to the air by the switching control device 26. The source side communication port 36a and the hose side communication port 36b are switched to communicate with each other, and the compressed air is transferred to the second branch pipe 3.
0 to the second supply/discharge hose 24 and the first communication thin tube 1
2 into the ballast discharge pipe 6. In this state, the pressure inside the bag body 9 and the pressure inside the ballast discharge pipe 6 are equal to each other, so the plug 8 itself remains in its original position. At this time, the second on-off valve 40 is opened to supply compressed air from the third branch pipe 31 as well, so that it flows into the ballast discharge pipe 6 via the air supply hose 25 and the second communication pipe 13. You can also do this.

Next, after closing the main on-off valve 32, the first on-off valve 33 is slightly opened while checking the indicated pressure of the first pressure gauge 35 to reduce the pressure inside the bag body 9, and then the first on-off valve 33 is opened slightly. 33 is closed. As a result, the bag 9 contracts inward in the radial direction, the pressing force of the outer periphery of the bag 9 and the annular band 20 against the inner wall of the outer hull opening 6a decreases, and the plug 8 closes inside the ballast discharge pipe 6. It is pushed by air pressure and automatically moves outward, and is finally pushed out of the hull 1. This can be detected by an extreme drop in the indicated pressure of the second pressure gauge 39, and of course, the binding tool 2
2 or by visually observing the plug 8 itself. Thereafter, the closure plug 8 may be pulled up to the upper deck 5 using the binding tool 22. Therefore, the removal work of the blockage plug 8 can be performed automatically without requiring any human intervention, saving the time and effort of lowering the rope ladder, floating the work boat, or bothering the diver. In addition, costs can be saved. In addition, this blockage plug 8
When removing the ballast discharge pipe 6, as described above,
Since the leaked oil water is completely removed and does not exist inside the tank, leaked oil water is prevented from flowing into the sea, and seawater pollution can be prevented.

As explained above, according to the present invention, when the opening of a ballast discharge pipe in a vessel such as a tanker is temporarily blocked with a blocking plug in order to prevent fluid leakage from the opening outside the hull, the blocking plug Since the opening can be completely sealed by increasing the closing effect, it is possible to reliably prevent the leakage of the fluid, and
The above-mentioned plug can be easily installed and removed, and in particular, the removal work can be performed automatically, so the workability can be significantly improved and costs can be reduced. Furthermore, when the above-mentioned blockage plug is installed, the leaked fluid in the ballast discharge pipe can be completely extracted, so when the blockage plug is removed, the leaked fluid can be prevented from flowing into the sea, and the above-mentioned ballast discharge pipe Since the state of leakage can be detected, appropriate treatment and countermeasures can be taken against the cause of the leakage, making it possible to greatly contribute to preventing seawater pollution in ports and coasts.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings illustrate an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall configuration, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a state in which a plug is attached and a system for supplying and discharging compressed air to it. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Hull, 1a... Side outer plate, 2... Pump room, 6... Ballast discharge pipe, 6a... Outer hull opening, 6b... Inner wall bottom, 8... Blocking plug, 9... Bag body , 12... First communicating thin tube, 13... Second communicating thin tube, 19... Short tube, 20... Annular band, 23... First supply/discharge hose, 24... Second supply/discharge hose, 25...
...Air supply hose, 26...Switching control device.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claim for Utility Model Registration] (1) A closing device that temporarily closes an opening outside the hull of a ballast discharge pipe whose one end communicates with the pump chamber of the hull and whose other end opens outside the hull at a side shell plate. It consists of an inflatable cylindrical bag formed with an outer diameter that can be fitted into the external opening of the hull, and penetrates the bag from one end surface to the other end surface in the center direction, and the other end is connected to the above-mentioned body. A blockage plug having a first communication thin tube formed to open opposite to the bottom of the inner wall of the ballast discharge pipe and a second communication thin tube that also penetrates toward the center of the bag; a first supply/discharge hose connected to the inside of the body so as to be able to communicate with the body;
a second supply/discharge hose communicatively connected to one end of the communicating thin tube; an air supply hose communicatively connected to the second communicating thin tube at one end surface of the blocking plug; and connected to the other end of each of the hoses. and a switching control device that switches and controls the supply and discharge of compressed air to each hose, and when it is necessary to close the above-mentioned external hull opening, a blocking plug is inserted into the opening, and the first Compressed air is supplied to the supply/discharge hose to inflate the bag body to airtightly close the opening, and compressed air is supplied to the supply/discharge hose to pressurize the inside of the ballast discharge pipe via the second communicating thin tube. The leaked fluid in the ballast discharge pipe is extracted to the outside through the first communication thin tube and the second supply/discharge hose, while compressed air is supplied to the second supply/discharge hose or the air supply hose by operating the switching control device when no blockage is required. The ballast discharge pipe is pressurized through the first or second communication thin tube, and the compressed air inside the bag is discharged through the first supply/discharge hose to contract the bag. A ballast discharge pipe blocking device for a ship, characterized in that the ballast discharge pipe can be automatically taken out from an opening to the outside. (2) The ballast discharge pipe closing device for a ship according to claim (1), wherein the closing plug has an appropriate number of annular bands around the outer periphery of the bag body.