JPS6170268A - Oscillation motion device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an oscillation motion device using trammel means in which paired members with opposite ends are connected to a rigid connecting rod.

[Description of prior art]

It has long been known that a wide variety of engines, including four-stroke internal combustion engines, are used in various equipment such as automobiles, trucks, ships, and airplanes. It has also been known for a long time that two-stroke internal combustion engines are used in lawn mowers, snow blowers, motorcycles, and the like.

Scotchoke and oval trammels are known means for converting oscillating motion of a first member into oscillating motion of a second member.

U.S. Pat. No. 3,583,155 discloses an engine in which a free piston cooperates with a driven piston in an elongated gas passage.

U.S. Pat. No. 3,786,790 discloses an internal combustion engine in which a pair of pistons are coupled for simultaneous reciprocating motion.

U.S. Pat. No. 2,807,249 discloses an engine with two two-stroke cylinders arranged in a straight line opposite each other using a standard crank-to-helm transmission.

U.S. Pat. No. 1,287,797 discloses an internal combustion engine with paired pistons arranged opposite each other.

French Patent No. 996.687 discloses an internal combustion engine using a counterweighted planetary gear mechanism and non-articulated connecting rods, with opposed pistons.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,485,768 discloses an engine using Scotch chokes and having means for changing the trajectory of the slider to the piston stroke and compression ratio of the engine.

U.S. Pat. No. 2,137,730 discloses an engine that uses a crank disk and has opposed pistons.

Although a wide variety of motion conversion devices and engines are currently in use, and other motion conversion devices have been identified, there continues to be a need for improvements in oscillation motion devices.

[Summary of the invention]

The present invention meets the above needs. oscillatory motion
Apparatus ) is preferably such that the first reciprocating wood is substantially orthogonal to the second rod. The first trammel gear is rotatably attached to the first rod and the second rod. The trammel gear rotates in response to the reciprocating movement of the rod. The output gear rotates in response to the rotation of the trammel gear.

When used in engines, two pairs of shillings facing each other
A piston that performs reciprocating motion is provided inside. Each of the piston pairs is connected by at least one non-articulating rigid connecting rod, which connecting rod is preferably substantially perpendicular to the connecting rod connecting the other piston pair. The trammel means is preferably oval in shape and preferably connects on the center line of each connecting rod. As a result, the reciprocating motion of the piston is directly transmitted to the trammel link means to perform rotational motion. The output means operates in conjunction with the trammel link, and the rotation of the trammel link directly becomes the rotational output of the output means.

When used in an engine, in a standard engine with a rotating crank mechanism, periodic forces are applied to the side wall during the combustion process, but in the case of the present invention, the cylinder and ring are moved by the action of bearings attached to the engine block. Less wear.

In one embodiment, a rigid connecting rod is connected to a pair of pistons, and a separate trammel is connected to one connecting rod and to another connecting rod attached to the other pair of pistons. Take-off can be made possible through these two or more separate output members.

[Purpose of the invention]

The present invention aims to reveal an improved oscillation motion device capable of converting motion into a usable output.

The object of the present invention is to clarify an engine using such a three-oscillation motion device.

The present invention aims to provide an improved lightweight and reliable internal combustion engine.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an internal combustion engine with reduced contact surface wear (and improved durability).

The present invention provides a moving engine component that effectively eliminates the forces generated by the engine's moving components, thereby minimizing vibration and allowing the use of lighter engine blocks and crankcases. The purpose is to clarify.

The present invention discloses an internal combustion engine with a minimum number of moving parts, increased efficiency, high horsepower to weight ratio, and a substantially flat profile for use in engine compartments. The purpose is to clarify.

These and other objects of the invention will become more apparent from the following description of the invention based on examples.

[Description of preferred embodiment]

Although the present invention is suitable for use in many devices that perform oscillation motion through the cooperative action of two members that intersect with each other, an explanation will be given here regarding an engine, which is one of the preferred applications.

Engines include, for example, steam-type, pneumatic-type, and hydraulic-type engines, but here, an internal combustion engine will be explained. Regarding embodiments of the invention, it will be understood that for embodiments other than the engine, elements other than the piston are fixed to the rod. Since these elements do not change the mechanical operation of the present invention, they will be collectively referred to as "pistons" here even though they do not function as pistons in the sheet metal technology sense.

As described later, the present invention rotates a first member by the oscillation motion of a link member, and rotates a second output member in response to the rotation of the first member.

The first member and the second member may have any shape as long as they can appropriately and efficiently transmit rotational motion. Such members can be, for example, gears that are directly engaged, or they can be connected indirectly using toothed belts. These members may also be formed by connecting pulleys or sprockets using suitable belts, chains or other means. Note that the above-mentioned members are collectively referred to as "gears" herein, regardless of whether or not they have teeth or are formed into a tooth shape. do. It will be appreciated that both gears act as linkage means connecting the connecting rods and also act as a source of rotational power.

FIG. 1 shows an internal combustion engine with an engine block/crankcase (2). The engine block/crankcase (2) is preferably rectangular in shape in order to allow the connecting rods to intersect and to obtain the desired free rotational movement. Generally, a pair of rectangular side plates (not shown) are attached to a rectangular frame to form a closed rectangular block as a whole. It should be noted that the shape may be formed differently depending on the accessory elements used with the carrot, such as for mounting the engine.

Four cylinders protrude outward from the engine block/crankcase (2), each equipped with a reciprocating piston and a reciprocating piston. The pistons OO■ are aligned substantially in a straight line and are connected to each other by a substantially rigid connecting rod having an axis A at the center. Similarly, the piston (14
) 181 are arranged substantially on a straight line and connected to each other by a substantially rigid piston rod (2) having an axis B at the center. It will be appreciated that axis A and axis B are substantially orthogonal.

Trammel gear ■ Connecting rod (to) through pivot bin ■
It is connected to freely rotate. The pin (support) is the center axis A
It is preferable to install it on or in the immediate vicinity. Note that for convenience of explanation, the teeth of the gear are not shown here. The trammel gear ■ is further connected to the connecting rod ■ via a pivot pin (341), and it is desirable that the pin □□□ be on the axis B. The distance between the bottle ■ and the circle (distance between centers) is Preferably it is about % of the piston stroke length.

Although the engine of the present invention can function as a two-stroke or four-stroke engine, the fuels used in these engines vary widely and the details of their selection, introduction, combustion, etc., and the appropriate valve arrangement, The order of operation is believed to be obvious to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

When the combustible fuel mixture is ignited in each cylinder, the piston of that cylinder will move towards the trammel gear (1). Each piston moves according to a predetermined sequence (clockwise or counterclockwise), thereby rotating the trammel gear circle and connecting rod (24) (2
The movement of 6) is converted into the rotational movement of the trammel gear (2).

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, an output gear (teeth not shown) is rotatably mounted on the output shaft and is fitted with a suitable bearing (not shown) at an eccentric position of the shaft.
It is supported using a shaft.

The output shaft (the blade is connected to the trammel gear ■ by an endless toothed belt (401). By arranging the tramel gear ■ and the output gear (36) in this shape,
The example output shaft rotates in response to the rotation of the trammel gear (2). The output shaft example is attached to an eccentric position of the gear (36) and acts in combination with the movement of the trammel gear (2). In one embodiment of the invention, a trammel gear (grooves are provided around the periphery of the trammel gear and the output gear markings to act like a pulley in conjunction with an endless belt) is used to connect the sprocket to the sprocket using another transmission means such as a chain. Can be operated with type trammel gear.

FIG. 2 shows a sectional view showing details of the device. The side plate ω is the wall of the engine block/crankcase (2). The trammel gear ■ is generally formed in the shape of a disc and is connected to the connecting rod ■ by a pivot pin (341).The trammel gear ■ is further connected to the connecting rod □□□ by a pivot pin (321).

Both pivot pins (32) are preferably arranged on the longitudinal axis A1B or very close to it, and these pins convert the reciprocating motion of the connecting rod 1241 into the rotational motion of the trammel gear field. .

FIG. 3 shows the state in which the connecting rod and the opposing piston are connected and act together. In this example, the engine block is equipped with a wall t601162).

The piston is a nearly rigid connecting rod that is attached to both ends of the connecting rod. The linear bearing ■ passes through the wall of the engine block and is supported by the pillow block 1. Similarly, the linear bearing Toru passes through the wall of the engine block. (Penetrates @ and is supported by the Pillow Block faction.

The piston (6411(t))
The connecting rod (@) easily reciprocates in response to the movement of the cylinder, thereby minimizing wear inside the cylinder.

The bearing bin is formed with a protrusion that can be accommodated in an opening of a trammel gear (not shown). Bearing pin■
is fixed to the connecting rod using a suitable mechanical fastener, such as a split ring clamp.

As shown in FIG. 4, the trammel gear (teeth not shown) is generally circular in shape.

As shown, the trammel gear is provided with a pair of openings into which the pivot bins are fitted. Note that the opening (A) does not necessarily have to pass through the center of the tramel gear (3).

For example, they may be provided on both sides of the gear at equal distances from the center. Further, the trammel gear can have a shape other than circular if necessary. The output gear (G) shown in FIG. 5 is circular and has a protruding shaft (3). Gear (To)
can have a shape other than circular if necessary.

As shown in Fig. 6, the trammel gear and the output gear (to) are connected by an endless toothed belt (), so the output gear can be adjusted by the rotational movement of the trammel gear which corresponds to the reciprocating movement of the piston. A rotation is performed.

It will be appreciated that the oscillation motion device of the present invention provides various advantages not available with conventional structures. First and foremost, the device has few moving parts, making it economical to manufacture and maintain, and durable. Furthermore, the fact that durability is improved when used in engines is based on the following fact. That is, unlike conventional internal combustion engines in which a crank-connecting rod device driving the piston is coupled, thereby periodically applying non-uniform forces to the cylinder wall and the piston, the present invention uses only a reciprocating motion. Therefore, such uneven loads are not applied. It is desirable that the engine has a high horsepower to weight ratio, preferably greater than 1. The engine's profile is so low that it can be used in two-stroke environments as well as four-stroke environments. Furthermore, the component forces of the moving parts cancel each other out, reducing vibration.

Other embodiments of the invention are shown in FIGS. 7 and 8.

In the embodiment described above, one rigid connecting rod may be connected to each piston pair, or the pistons shown in FIGS.
The illustrated embodiment is a modification of this. The wall of the engine block +101 (102) has a piston (10
4) A pair of rigid connecting rods (11
0) (112) are formed at a constant interval. Incidentally, as in the first embodiment, by making the central portion of the connecting rod substantially flat, the relative movement of this portion can be performed efficiently. Single rigid connecting rod (11
4) are generally perpendicular to the connecting rods (110) (112) and are connected to a pair of pistons (not shown). A pair of trammel gears (116) and (118) are provided, and the trammel gear (116) is connected by a pin (126) (located behind the pin (128) in this figure).
It is rotatably connected to the shaft of the connecting rod (114). This part of the device functions in exactly the same way as in the previous embodiment.

Further, the second trammel gear (118) has a pin (128).
) concatenated by! ! It is rotatably connected to the shaft of R (114). The pin (128) is fitted onto the connecting rod (114) at a certain distance from the pin (126). Since the pistons (104) (106) perform reciprocating motion, the trammel gears (116) (118) also rotate in response to the reciprocating motion. (to) each tramel gear (116) (118) (Fig. 1)
A separate output gear is provided. Note that it is preferable that the trammel gear and the trammel gear be provided facing each other with a certain interval therebetween. As a result, tramel gear (116) (
118) are provided with independent rotational outputs.

If desired, a flywheel (not shown) can also be attached to the output shaft to increase the operating efficiency of the engine. Since the trammel gear and output gear generally have sufficient weight, there is no need to provide a flywheel.

FIGS. 9 and 10 show the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 in different positions of the piston. In FIG. 1, the piston 08) is shown in its outermost position, the piston I in its innermost position, and the piston (16) (16) in its intermediate position. In FIG. 1, piston α & is in the ignition process, piston 2 is in the compression process, and piston α is in the exhaust process.

11 and 12 show another embodiment of the present invention, in which a single trammel gear (one
50) was used. The first part is approximately H-shaped and has rigidity.
The connecting rod means (154) are such that a first rod (158) is attached to pistons (160) (162) arranged in cylinders (164) (166) respectively. The second rod (170) has a piston (172) (
174). Piston (172) (
174) are arranged in the cylinders (180) and (182), respectively, and the first rod (158) and the second rod (
A connecting rod (186) is provided between the connecting rod and the connecting rod (170) to provide rigidity. Trammel gear (150) and approximately H-shaped connecting rod (
154) are rotatably connected to each other by pin means (188).

Second connecting rod means (190) having overall H-shaped rigidity
is substantially perpendicular to the first connecting rod (154).

The second connecting rod means (190) is connected to the third connecting rod (192).
and a piston (196) (198) housed in the cylinder (200) (202) is attached to the third connecting rod. The second connecting rod means (190) has a fourth connecting rod (204) and has a piston (2
06) (208) are attached to the fourth connecting rod and arranged in the cylinders (212) and (214), respectively. A connecting rod (220) connects the third connecting rod and the fourth connecting rod.
connecting rod (204). Bin means (222
) pass by 11 (220) and tramel gear (15
0).

As shown in other embodiments, the oscillation movement of the first connecting rod means (154) and the second connecting rod means (190) causes the trammel gear (150) to rotate. The teeth (not shown) of the trammel gear (150) are the output gear (230)
The output gear (230) is attached to the output shaft (232) at an eccentric position. Thus, a rotational output is obtained by the oscillating movement of the connecting rod means.

Although the engine block (213) shown in FIG. 11 is rectangular, it is generally desirable to use a square block. However, it goes without saying that any shape may be used as long as the engine parts can move freely.

FIG. 11 shows the state when all the pistons are in intermediate positions of each stroke. In the case of a four-stroke engine, when one of a pair of pistons is on the ignition stroke, the other is on the exhaust stroke. The order of the strokes can be freely determined either clockwise or counterclockwise.

When the present invention is applied to an engine, linear motion is restricted, so the cylinder resists the impact action of the piston.

The wall does not have to undergo excessive impact action. The inertial forces of combustion are absorbed by linear bearings in the side walls, and the piston and cylinder walls are not subject to the destructive forces that would normally occur in a reciprocating engine. Therefore, the components of the combustion chamber are only required to be resistant to compression forces, and are not required to have tensile strength, compression, or bending forces. Ceramic materials can be used when forces other than compressive forces are small. Ceramink materials have limited ability to withstand such incompressible forces, but have superior high temperature and wear properties compared to other materials such as steel and aluminum.

The piston and connecting rod of the present invention are capable of linear oscillation movement in substantially one plane. In this regard, contrast with conventional engines in which the crank series connecting rod system exerts periodic non-uniform forces on the cylinder wall and piston. In the case of the present invention,
An advantage is that ceramic materials can be used. In conventional engines, ceramic materials cannot be used because of their poor strength and wear resistance.

However, the present invention has the advantage that the cylinder can be made of ceramic, or alternatively can be lined with ceramic material to form a ceramic sleeve or coating.

This lining can be used with steel cylinders. By using ceramic in this manner, engine vibration, wear, and ring pressure loss can be reduced, and oxide generation can be reduced even when the engine is operated at higher temperatures. piston,
The head and valve can also be made from ceramic.

A wide variety of ceramic materials can be used in the present invention. Among the materials considered suitable, silicon nitride and silicon carbide materials are specifically mentioned. Other suitable materials include those sold under the trade name [SyλIon J].

The piston firing order is clockwise (1
4, 20, 18, 16) or counterclockwise (14,
16, 18, 20) may be used.

In FIG. 9, the piston (141 is in the ignition stroke, the piston mark is in the compression stroke, and the piston (■) is in the exhaust stroke.Similarly, in FIG.
61 is in the ignition stroke, the piston (the top is in the compression stroke and the piston (141 is in the exhaust stroke).

13 and 14 show another embodiment of the invention. In this example, a rigid first connecting rod (280) is disposed within the engine block (318), and a pair of pistons (320X330) are attached to opposite ends of the first connecting rod, the pistons being connected to the cylinder. (322x332) respectively. The rigid second connecting rod (2
Pistons (324) (334) are attached to the pistons (84). Pistons (324) (334) oscillate within cylinders (326) (336), respectively. The trammel gear (290) is rotatably attached to the connecting rod (280) by pin means (296) and to the connecting rod (284) by pin means (294), respectively. The oscilloscope movement of the connecting rods (280) (284) causes the trammel gear (290) to rotate. The center (292) of the tramel gear (290) is the connecting rod (280)
It is located at a certain distance from the intersection (293) of the axes (284) and (293). Preferably, the trammel gear (290) has a journal bearing surface (not shown) that contracts with the inner surface of the ring gear (300). The ring gear has an opening for receiving the trammel gear (290). The outer teeth of the ring gear (300) are connected to the output gear (
304) (307) (309) (311), and the output shaft (30
6) (308), (310), and (312) are attached, respectively. In response to the rotation of the trammel gear (290), the output shaft (
306) rotates.

4 output gears (304) (307) (309)
Although (311) is planetary coupled to ring gear (300), it will be appreciated that the number of output gears can be varied as desired.

15 to 18 show desirable shapes of the trammel gear of the present invention. In Figure 15, the block (40
0) is similar in shape to that in FIG. 1 and is equipped with a suitable cylinder and piston (not shown). First connecting rod (4
06) includes a yoke (410) provided with an opening (408).

The second connecting rod (416) is generally perpendicular to the first connecting rod (406) and defines an opening (418) in the yoke (420). Opening (40B) by oscillation movement due to joint action of connecting rods (410) (420)
The oscillation movement (41B) is performed. ) (The yoke (420) can be the same as the yoke (410) shown in FIG. 18.) The trammel gear (426) in FIGS. 16 and 17 has a center (434) and a pair of protruding shafts ( 430) (432), and the protruding axes project in opposite directions. In the illustrated embodiment, the centers of the protruding axes (430) and (432) are centered at the center (43).
A predetermined interval is provided from 4). Protruding shaft (430) (
432) each of the yoke openings (408) (418
) and rotates freely in the bearing (
(not shown) is desirable. The connecting rod (406) accommodates the rotation of the trammel gear (426) by means of yokes (410) and (420) provided at appropriate relative positions.
The oscillation movement of (416) is the yoke (410)
(420) and the protruding shafts (430) (432). Output gear (440) has a center (442) and is attached to an output shaft (446). Output gear (440) teeth (not shown) and trammel gear (426)
The teeth (not shown) interlock with each other. The output shaft (446) rotates due to the rotation of the output gear (440).

It will be appreciated that the present invention discloses an oscillating motion device that is compact, highly efficient, durable and easy to maintain.

When used in an engine, a high horsepower to weight ratio can be obtained. The present invention can convert linear oscillation motion, which can be considered to be within one plane, into rotational motion.

The oscillation motion device of the present invention can be used for various purposes, and many forms are possible even when used around an engine. In one embodiment when used around an engine, referring to FIG. 1, the engine block or crankcase (2) has a depth of about 6 to 2 inches, and a length and width of about 6 to 12 inches. It is desirable that the length and width be the same. The overall size of the engine block (2) and sill projections are approximately 6 to 2 inches deep and approximately 18 to 26 inches in length and width. The weight of the engine and support equipment is approximately 80-150 pounds. The horsepower to weight ratio is about 1-4 without increasing the combustion stroke.

For convenience of explanation, the method of using the device according to the present invention has been described for the case where oscillation motion is changed to rotational motion, but it is also possible to convert rotational input into oscillation output, as in the case of, for example, a pump. It is.

In order to simplify the description, the case where the device of the present invention is used in an engine has been described here, but the mechanism of the present invention is applicable not only to engines but also to any device such as a pump device or the like where the mechanism of the present invention is advantageous. can also be used.

In this explanation, pins are used to connect the members, but experts in the field may use other mechanical coupling means as long as they allow the specified free movement. It would be obvious to For example, a bearing yoke can be used.

The rigid connecting rod shown here is generally straight, but for reasons such as saving space, it can be formed in a generally U-shaped off-center configuration to accommodate a trammel gear. The offset size can be determined depending on the desired oscillation motion.

Although the trammel gears described herein are circular, it will be appreciated that they may be oval, oval, nautilus, or any other suitable shape to serve a function such as a relay crank.

Although the device of the present invention is a 2 cent connecting rod connected to a trammel gear, additional connecting rods may be provided off-center relative to each other and attached to the trammel gear.

The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described for illustrative purposes only, and it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications may be made to the details thereof without departing from the invention as defined in the claims. It will be understood that this can be done.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing one form of the device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of the device in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of the device according to the invention. 4 is a sectional view, FIG. 4 is a plan view of the trammel gear according to the present invention, FIG. 5 is a plan view showing an embodiment of the output gear member according to the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is a plan view showing one embodiment of a combination of the trammel gear and output gear member of the present invention, FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the connecting rod according to the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a sectional view of another embodiment of the link; FIG. 9 is a sectional view of the device of FIG. 1 with the piston in a different position;
The figures are sectional views of the devices shown in Figs. 1 and 9 when the pistons are in different positions, Fig. 11 is a sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 12 is a sectional view taken along line 12-12 in Fig. 11. 13 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 14 is a sectional view taken along line 14-14 in FIG. 13, and FIG.
The figure is a sectional view of still another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
5 is a sectional view of the trammel gear and output gear in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, FIG. 17 is a front view showing a part of the embodiment shown in FIG. 15, and FIG. It is a broken front view. (2)...Engine block +41 +6) (8
1 (1 ■... cylinder + 14) Q6) (18) ■
...Piston Example■...Connecting rod circle...Tramel gear ■(To)...Pivot pin (To)...Output gear (To)...Output shaft Applicant West Virginia University Day G, 2 FIG 3 FIG4 FIG, 5 FIG, 6 FIG, 7 FIG, 8 FIG, I+ FIG 12 FIG, +4 FIG, 15

Claims (11)

[Claims] (1) the first rod means is arranged to be able to oscillate in a first direction; the second rod means is arranged to be able to oscillate in a second direction; and the first trammel gear means. is rotatably attached to the first rod means, the first trammel gear means is rotatably attached to the second rod means, and the oscillation movement due to the cooperative action of the first rod means and the second rod means An oscillation motion device characterized in that the trammel gear means is capable of performing a rotational motion corresponding to the motion. (2) The oscillation motion device according to claim 1, wherein the output gear means is connected to the trammel gear means and rotates in response to rotation of the trammel gear means. (3) The first rod means connects the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod using the first connecting rod member, and the first rod means connects the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod using the first connecting rod member, and the first rod means connects the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod using the first connecting rod member. attached to the trammel gear means, the second rod means connecting the third connecting rod and the fourth connecting rod by a spanbar member; the second rod means attached to the first trammel gear means by pivot means; An oscillation motion device according to claim 1. (4) The first, second, third and fourth connecting rods have respective ends fixed to a piston, and the piston makes an oscillating movement relative to the cylinder. Oscillation movement device. (5) The first connecting rod means includes a first yoke, the second connecting rod means includes a second yoke, and the trammel gear means is rotatably attached to the connecting rod means by the yoke means. An oscillation motion device according to claim 1. (6) The oscillation motion device according to claim 5, wherein the device is an engine. (7) An engine block is provided, the first and third cylinders are arranged substantially on the first axis, the second and fourth cylinders are arranged substantially on the second axis, and the second axis is arranged on the second axis. 1, the first and third pistons are arranged reciprocatingly within the first and third cylinders, respectively, and the rod means is connected to the substantially rigid first connecting rod means and the second connecting rod means. connecting rod means, the generally rigid first connecting rod means being attached to the first and third pistons, the second and fourth pistons being disposed within the second and fourth cylinders, respectively; An engine characterized in that the second connecting rod means is substantially orthogonal to the first connecting rod means, and the second connecting rod means is attached to the second and fourth pistons. (8) the first pivot means connects the first trammel gear means and the first connecting rod means; the second pivot means connects the first trammel gear means and the first connecting rod means;
8. An engine according to claim 7, wherein the trammel gear means and the second connecting rod means are connected. (9) The engine according to claim 8, wherein the first pivot means is spaced apart from the second pivot means by a distance approximately equal to one half of the stroke of the piston. (10) The engine according to claim 7, wherein the ring gear has an opening into which a trammel gear is fitted. (11) The output gear means is arranged near the ring gear,
11. The engine according to claim 10, wherein the output gear means is provided with external teeth.