JPS6160191B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a fiber having a fiber end that is sharply tapered toward the tip, and a method for manufacturing a textile product using the fiber. Hereinafter, the fiber itself will also be referred to as a textile product.
(The meaning of the textile product in the claims is also the same.) Fibers whose tips are thin and pointed are already known. The meaning of "pointed" includes something sharp like a needle, but it also means something with a rounded point,
Although there are differences in degree of sharpness such as trapezoidal shape, all of these are included. Various methods have been proposed for producing such fibers.
For example, when spinning, the take-up speed is changed to a high density, the fiber is drawn to create a thick and thin part, and the thin part is cut or torn. ) is gradually immersed deeply to make the tip thinner, and in order to further increase efficiency, a thick tow is made by rolling up many fibers, wrapped in paper or film, and cut into rounds (this method roughly reduces the length of the fibers). ), put it in a solvent and comb the tip,
There are various methods, such as removing paper or film to obtain staples with a pointed end on at least one side (the other being a cut end or a pointed end), but these methods are already in the form of staples (mainly raw materials before product processing). It is a sharp object, textile, knitting〓〓〓〓〓
It is difficult to sharpen the ends of fibers after making them into highly processed products, such as non-woven fabrics or spun yarns, unless you use something like a brush with a very fine napped tip. Next processing,
There has never been a processing method that allows the fiber to be cut at any point in the middle and to make the cut end of the fiber sharp, no matter where it is in the product. An object of the present invention is to provide a new method for producing a textile product in which the fiber is sharply tapered at any point during high-level processing of the fiber. The present invention provides a new method in which the cut end of a staple or a textile product made from the same can be formed into a sharp taper shape toward the tip even if the fiber is cut at an arbitrary location. purpose. In addition, even if the entire fabric, such as the fabric in progress, is treated, the purpose can be achieved without using complicated or impossible methods such as ensuring that the chemical adheres only to the fiber ends. It is also an aim of the present invention to provide a method that can form a sharp tapered shape toward the tip of the fiber. Furthermore, in the present invention, the portion other than the sharp end is combined with other components to become a thicker fibrous material, or
A plurality of fine fibers each having a sharp end are tied together into a thicker bundle at a portion other than the sharp end to form a fiber, thereby providing a fiber product with improved feel such as stiffer raised hair and a slimy feel. purpose. The aim is also to create color effects based on the difference in dyeing between the sharp edges and other parts. Other objects will become more apparent from the description below. The present invention has been finally achieved as a result of various studies over many years for the above-mentioned purposes. The gist of the present invention is as follows. (1) It is a multicomponent fiber consisting of at least three components ABC, and the AB joint unit has a fine fiber generation type structure in which fine fibers consisting of A can be generated by removing the B component, and furthermore, the AB joint unit It has a structure in which component C surrounds one or more units, and each ABC component has different solubility or degradability, and component C remains in one drug solution, and is more active than component B or component A. Component C does not dissolve or decompose fiber products containing fiber ends of multicomponent fibers made of polymers that are more easily dissolved or decomposed, but component A and B are dissolved or decomposed, and component B is Treated with a chemical solution that can dissolve or decompose more than the ingredients,
While removing the B component at the fiber tip, the A component is removed at the same time.
Dissolving or decomposing a part of the ingredients to sharpen them,
A method for producing a textile product with pointed fiber ends, which comprises then removing the C component. (2) It is a multicomponent fiber consisting of at least three ABC components, and the AB joint unit has a fine fiber generation type structure in which fine fibers consisting of A can be generated by removing the B component, and furthermore, the AB joint unit First, a fiber product containing fiber ends of a multicomponent fiber having a structure in which one or more units is surrounded by C component, and each ABC component is a polymer having different solubility or degradability, is first treated with B. Component B is removed from the tip of the fiber with a chemical solution that can dissolve or decompose only component A, and then treated with a chemical solution that can dissolve or decompose only component A to sharpen at least the tip of component A. A method for producing textile products with pointed fiber ends characterized by removing components. The present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 Y is a vertical cross-sectional view of a bipolar or composite fiber composed of three ABC components, and the AB joint unit has a structure in which one fine fiber composed of the A component can be generated by removing the B component; The surface is as shown in FIG. Component C is not combed, but component A and B are combed, and component B is immersed in a chemical solution that dissolves more of component A than component A. If treated without combing, the result will be as shown in Fig. 2. For example, it is easy to understand if one considers the case where polyesters having different solubility in an alkaline aqueous solution are used as the B component and the A component. The B component gradually melts and reaches the bottom. but,
Since the C component remains undissolved and it is a capillary, it is difficult to comb it all the way to the inside. In fact, it may even be advantageous in the present invention. During this time, component A also dissolves at the same time, but since it is selected to be less soluble than component B, the end (tip), which comes into contact with the alkaline aqueous solution more quickly and facilitates exchange of the immersion liquid, becomes thinner. Of course, the length of A will also become shorter. 〓〓〓〓〓
When alkaline or acidic solutions are used, they are usually washed with the following solvents and usually washed with water. In general, when AB congruent units are combed (dissolved or decomposed), it is preferable to use a unit that appears to dissolve but decomposes because the viscosity does not increase. In this respect, polyesters that are subject to depolymerization even with alkali or acid are preferred. After simultaneously dissolving AB congruence units in this way,
It is generally preferred to add washing. For example, when washing with trichlorethylene to remove the C component after dissolving with alkali, trichlorethylene may be changed by the alkali and become dichloracetylene, which is highly explosive. Therefore, at this time, cleaning, non-acidic treatment, further cleaning, and addition of a stabilizer are preferably carried out. Thereafter, component C is chemically decomposed or dissolved away, or mechanically separated. In the case of mechanical separation, the separated C component is not shown here. The presence of this separated C component (if it remains, it is fibrillated, etc.) does not necessarily impede the effectiveness of the present invention. In this way, the image changes to something like the one shown in FIG. The tip is almost sharp, and the part that is not the root or tip is combined with component B, making it thick and fibrous. Although only the tips are shown in the figure, the fibers are generally long. This B component has various effects, such as being strong and can be dyed into different colors. (like natural fur)
Different dyeing properties produce even more unique color effects. Needless to say, if the tip is sharp, the touch will be soft and smooth, like fur, giving it a luxurious feel. Therefore, it is optimal as a fiber for artificial fur, as a wool-like fiber, as a hair-like fiber, and as a feather-like fiber. If FIG. 3 is further processed to remove the B component, the result will be as shown in FIG. 4A (almost the same as FIG. 4B shown later). Removal of C component (or by separation of C component)
Furthermore, although the fibers become thinner due to the removal of component B, this does not impede the effectiveness of the present invention. Rather, the space or the reduction in bulk may improve the drapability and suppleness of the nap. Next, we will discuss other methods. Although they look similar at first glance, they are quite different, involve a large number of processes, and have many conditional limitations, but this is another effective method. Although the structure is as shown in FIG. 1, the properties of the polymer are slightly different, and this is the method shown in the gist 2 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the B component is first removed using a chemical that dissolves only the B component without dissolving the A and C components. After that, when treated with a chemical solution that dissolves only the A component, the tip of the A component becomes sharp as shown in FIG. 6 because the tip is more easily diffused due to the diffusion phenomenon due to the presence of the C component. Thus, when the C component is removed, the result is as shown in FIG. Furthermore, when the B component is removed, the result becomes as shown in FIG. 4B. As isolates, Figure 4 A and B can be considered the same. The difference in this process is that only the B component is removed first. Therefore, selection of combinations of ABC components becomes difficult. However, unlike the method shown in gist 1 of the present invention, in the process shown in FIG. 6, the chemical solution for component A soaks in all at once without waiting for component B to dissolve one after another. Of course, this is the case unless air is included. In general, since the tip is the only part that is extremely thin, it is unlikely to be disturbed by heat or vibration. Next, it will be shown that once the basic principle of the present invention is understood, the present invention can be applied to other forms of ternary-component fibers and multi-component fibers of four or more components. For example, it will be appreciated that other configurations of tricomponent fibers may be applied to all other typical multicomponent fiber products of FIGS. 8-13. There may be multiple tips (10th, 11th, 12th,
(Fig. 13), the way the point becomes distorted (Fig. 1)
0, 12), and it is not limited to round tips (Fig. 9, 12).
10, 12) and that multiple pieces can be made at once (Figs. 8, 9, 13). The present invention includes all of these types, each with their own particular advantages. 〓〓〓〓〓
In the present invention, the ABC component can be selected from all kinds of polymers. That is, once a person knows the secret of the present invention, he or she can create an infinite number of combinations by researching and improving the literature on all kinds of polymers. Just because it's not mentioned here doesn't mean it's excluded. Although it may have some advantages and disadvantages, it does not create a new invention, but can be said to be a natural consequence of the present invention. Polyester and copolymers, such as polyethylene terephthalate and copolymers, polybutylene terephthalate and copolymers, are preferably used as the AB component. In addition, if you include C components, polyester types, nylon 6, 610, 66, 11, 12, PACM
Polyamide including copolymers, polyacrylonitrile, copolymers, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyfluorinated vinyl compounds, polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinyl alcohol,
There are many types of polyvinyl copolymers such as polyvinyl acetate, copolymers thereof, polyolefins such as copolymers with polyethylene, polypropylene, and vinyl monomers, polyether compounds, polyurethane compounds, and polyurea compounds. Note that when the B component is removed, the C component becomes hollow at that portion. In that case, generally C
Components are often selected to be easily removable unless mechanically fibrillated, and therefore are often brittle polymers. Therefore, when the B component is removed, the C component may also be bent, cut, or cracked, but this does not necessarily impede the present invention. Also, there is a crack in the C component, and from that part the B
There are times when a component remover gets mixed in and makes it difficult to achieve the objective.
At that time, it is better to select ingredients that are difficult to crack, but for example, when the melting point is low, a kind of sealing effect can be imparted by adding heat treatment. In addition, in the case of the method of gist 1 of the present invention, the chemical solution that dissolves both AB components does not dissolve the C component, and the B component dissolves into A.
Any material may be used as long as it has the property of melting larger than the ingredients. This varies depending on the composition of each ABC component, so it may be selected appropriately depending on the composition. In addition, in the case of the method shown in gist 2 of the present invention, the chemical solution for dissolving component B may be any chemical as long as it does not dissolve component A and component C, and the chemical solution for sharpening component A may dissolve component A. Any chemical solution may be used as long as it does not dissolve the , B, and C components. In either method, the removal or fibrillation of the C component may be performed by dissolving only the C component, or by using a chemical that dissolves the C component and the B component, or by kneading, pounding, squeezing, or other mechanical stress. may be added to destroy or remove the C component or to fibrillate it. A few specific preferred combinations are as follows.

[Table] 〓〓〓〓〓

【table】

[Table] In addition, there is not only one type of each component of ABC, but also two or more types of A component such as a ₁ , a ₂ , a ₃ , a ₄ ......, etc., and similarly two or more types of B component. Although it is of course possible to use a multicomponent fiber of four or more components consisting of two or more types of C components, a three-component fiber is usually preferred industrially because the process is simple and it is economically preferable. There are many. The textile products in the present invention include all textile products such as fibers themselves, knitted fabrics, non-woven fabrics, and spun yarns, but in particular, various napped products (electrostatic It is useful for hair-planted products (including flocked products) and raised products. It is preferable to cut the fibers to create fiber ends as well as possible. If the cut is done incorrectly, for example, component C may cover the cut end, making it undesirable for the drug to penetrate.
Ru. The removal of component B and the degree of erosion of component A can be controlled arbitrarily by adjusting the concentration of the chemical solution, time, temperature, stirring, etc., so it can be taken out and examined from time to time during processing. During alkaline treatment, the concentration changes from moment to moment, so it is preferable to check accordingly. The present invention is an epoch-making technology that can easily taper the ends of fibers into a cloth or the like, and has high industrial value. Although the present invention is applicable to all fabrics, it is most preferred for napped fabrics. It is extremely preferable for providing fur-like naps, feather-like naps, cashmere-like naps, bikuyuna-like naps, shearling-like naps, mink-like naps, and angora-like naps. In addition to this, brushes, brushes, brushes, carpets,
It can be applied to all kinds of things such as artificial grass, spun yarn, and nonwoven fabric. For dyeing, all known dyeing techniques, especially for those with a raised look, can be applied. In the present invention, the tip is sharpened, and two types of polymers, AB components, remain in the area other than the tip, so dyeing can be done in a wide variety of ways.
Various dyeing methods such as disperse dyes, acid dyes, basic dyes, and direct dyes can be used, including double dyeing and same-bath dyeing. Various dyeing methods are possible, including root dyeing, tip dyeing, print dyeing, and finishing dyeing from the back side. In addition, since the parts other than the sharp edges are reinforced with component B, it is possible to make the hair stand stronger, and the component B contains 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid, which is preferable to the total acid component. is 3-10
By using mol% copolymerized polyethylene terephthalate, it is possible to give the nape a slimy feel and improve color development. As mentioned above, since the tip can be sharpened, it is possible to make a nap product that is very similar to natural fur. It is particularly preferable to apply finishing oil and finish brushing. It can be used in all kinds of fields, including clothing, industry, daily life materials, and medicine. Just because it is not mentioned here does not mean that it is excluded; rather, known finishing and dyeing are considered essential. Examples are shown next, but the effectiveness of the present invention is not limited or interpreted to be limited thereby. Rather, it brings about the next application and development. Example 1 A double core sheath type composite fiber as shown in FIG. 1 was spun using an ABC three-component composite spinning machine. The fiber was spun at a spinning temperature of 280° C. so that the denier after stretching 3.2 times would be 10 denier. The composition of ABC3 components at that time was as follows. Component A: 65 parts of polybutylene terephthalate Component B: 15 parts of polyester obtained by copolymerizing polyethylene terephthalate with 5-sodium sulfoiisotal acid component as an acid component at 5 mol% based on the total acid component Component C: 2-ethylhexyl 20 parts of polystyrene copolymerized with acrylate (22wt%) The resulting component fibers were woven into a velvet prepared blanket using nylon 6 fibers as a base material.
A napped fabric with a nape length of approximately 20 mm was made with a cut-off tip. This product was immersed in a 40% caustic soda solution to dissolve component B and sharpen the tip of component A. I dipped it into the solution over and over again, checked the AB components while taking samples, stopped at the sharp points, and washed thoroughly many times. After that, it was washed with trichlorethylene solution. This fabric was made of polybutylene terephthalate with a nylon base and pointed naps, giving it a fur-like appearance. Example 2 Using an ABC three-component composite spinning machine, two
We performed heavy core sheath type spinning. The fiber was spun at a spinning temperature of 280° C. so that the denier after stretching 3.2 times would be 10 denier. The composition of ABC3 components at that time was as follows. Component A: 65 parts of polybutylene terephthalate Component B: 15 parts of nylon 6 Component C: 20 parts of polyethylene The thus obtained component fibers are used as a base material to prepare velvet using polybutylene terephthalate fibers.
Weaved into a blanket, the nape length is approximately 20 cm with the tip cut off.
I made a raised fabric of mm. This product was immersed in formic acid to dissolve the B component at the tip. Afterwards, it was treated with a 10% NaOH hot aqueous solution. As a result, the A component at the tip became sharper, the ground yarn became thinner, and the drapability improved. After that, it was washed with water and dried. Next, this sheet was treated with hot toluene,
Component C was removed. This was a fur-lined blanket made of polybutylene terephthalate with pointed naps.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1Y to FIG. 7 are mainly longitudinal cross-sectional views for explaining changes in the tip of the fiber according to the present invention. FIG. 1X is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 8th
13 are model diagrams of other fiber cross sections to which the present invention is applied. 〓〓〓〓〓

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A multi-component fiber consisting of at least three ABC components, where the AB congruent unit is formed by removing the B component.
It has a fine fiber generation type structure in which fine fibers consisting of A can be generated, and further has a structure in which one or more of the AB congruent unit is surrounded by C component, and
Each ABC component has a different solubility or decomposition property, and in one chemical solution, component C remains, and component B dissolves or decomposes to a greater extent than component A, which is the fiber end of a multicomponent fiber consisting of a polymer. Component C does not dissolve or decompose, but A component and B component dissolve or decompose, and B
The component is treated with a chemical solution that can dissolve or decompose more than the A component to remove the B component at the tip of the fiber and at the same time dissolve or decompose a part of the A component to sharpen it, and then remove the C component. A method for producing textile products with pointed fiber ends. 2. It is a multi-component fiber consisting of at least three ABC components, and if the AB joint unit is removed from the B component,
It has a fine fiber generation type structure in which fine fibers consisting of A can be generated, and further has a structure in which one or more of the AB congruent unit is surrounded by C component, and
Each ABC component is a textile product containing the fiber ends of multicomponent fibers made of polymers with different solubility or degradability. First, component B is removed from the tip of the fiber using a chemical solution that can dissolve or decompose only component B. A method for manufacturing a textile product with sharp fiber ends, characterized in that the tips of at least the A component are sharpened by treatment with a chemical solution capable of dissolving or decomposing only the A component, and then the C component is removed. .