JPS6149117A - Compression ignition engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To largely reduce graphite contained in exhaust gas by providing a gasification chamber communicated to a combustion chamber in response to the action of a valve body, a fuel feed means feeding a liquid fuel to the gasification chamber, and a heating means arranged in the gasification chamber. CONSTITUTION:A main combustion chamber A and a pre-combustion chamber B are communicated via a jet nozzle 8. A heater 18 is formed in a gasification chamber C. An activation chamber D having a ring-like hollow section is formed with the shaft section 15a and valve body 15b of a gasifying valve 15 and a valve receiving member 10. The liquid fuel is gasified in the gasification chamber C by heating it with the heater 18, and an air-fuel mixture is formed. Then, the mixture is guided to the combustion chambers A, B by opening the valve body 15b. Accordingly, graphite contained in the exhaust gas can be largely reduced.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION a. Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a compression ignition engine such as a diesel engine.

b. Prior Art The types of compression ignition engines are broadly classified into direct injection type, pre-combustion chamber type, swirl chamber type, and air chamber type. However, in both combustion methods, liquid fuel is injected directly into the combustion chamber, etc., so before the injected liquid fuel is sufficiently vaporized and a uniform gas mixture with air is formed. As a result, unburned hydrocarbons are generated in the combustion chamber through a chemical reaction, and black smoke is emitted from the compression ignition engine, resulting in poor combustion efficiency.
Moreover, it was a contributing factor to air pollution.

C0 Purpose of the Invention The present invention was invented in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and its purpose is to form in advance a uniform gas mixture of supplied fuel and air in an environment at a temperature lower than the ignition temperature. To provide a compression ignition engine which enables operation under optimum conditions by configuring a lever to guide a mixture gas into a combustion chamber and greatly reduces black smoke contained in exhaust gas. It is in.

d1 Structure of the Invention The features of the present invention are: A. A valve body provided in association with a combustion chamber; B. A vaporization chamber selectively communicated with the combustion chamber in accordance with the operation of the valve body. C1: a fuel supply means for supplying liquid fuel to the vaporization chamber, and D: a heating means disposed inside the vaporization chamber, and the liquid fuel supplied from the fuel supply means is vaporized. After the gas mixture is vaporized in the chamber by being heated by the heating means to form a gas mixture with air, the gas mixture is guided to the combustion chamber by moving the valve body forward.

e. Embodiment FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a compression ignition engine to which the present invention is applied.
and a head section 3.

A main combustion chamber A is formed in the cylinder body 4 of the cylinder portion 2, and a pre-combustion chamber B is formed in the head body 6 of the head portion 3. And the above-mentioned main combustion chamber A and pre-combustion chamber B
and are communicated with each other via an ejection port 8 formed in the head main body 6.

The henode main body 6 is also provided with an opening 9 that communicates with the pre-combustion chamber B, and a cap-shaped valve receiver is provided within this opening 9 with a member 10.
are arranged in a mating manner. That is, this valve receiver is member 10
A flange portion 10a formed in the flange portion 10a is placed on the step portion 12 of the head body 6 via a gasket 11, and is screwed and fixed to the head body 6 with a ring-shaped screw member 13.

In the above-mentioned valve receiver, a sleeve-shaped guide member 14 is fitted into the member 10, and the shaft portion 15a of the vaporization valve 15 is slidable in the longitudinal direction (vertical direction) within this guide member 11. It is arranged through. In addition, in Figure 1, 1
6 is a ring fitted onto the circumferential surface of the shaft portion 15a.

Further, the vaporization valve 15 includes the shaft portion 15a, a valve body 15b integrally formed on the lower end of the shaft portion 15a, and the shaft portion 15a.
The cam receiver attached to the upper end of a is made up of a temporary 17. A heater 18 is disposed within the shaft portion 15a, and a lead wire 19 of the heater is drawn out to the outside. Further, a hollow vaporization chamber C is formed at one end of the shaft portion 15a on the side of the valve body 15b, and the above-mentioned heater 18 is extended inside the vaporization chamber C. Further, the vaporization chamber C includes a recess 15c formed in the valve body 15b.
A plurality of fins 20 are provided correspondingly.

On the other hand, the vaporization valve 15 has spring bearing members 21a and 21.
It is always urged upward by the compression coil spring 22 disposed between the valve body tsb, and when the valve body tsb moves upward, the valve seat is pressed against the member 1
It is configured to be firmly engaged with the receiving surface 10b of 0.

As the valve body 15b moves upward, an active chamber consisting of a ring-shaped hollow part is formed by the shaft part 15b and the valve body 15b of the vaporization valve 15, and the valve seat member 10. There is.

Further, a fuel supply valve 24 is disposed in the head main body 6, and a fuel supply portion 25 of this valve 24 is disposed within the activation chamber. A communication port 26 is formed in a portion of the shaft portion 15a corresponding to the fuel supply portion 25, and the vaporization chamber C and the activation chamber communicate with each other via the communication port 26. Further, a communication hole 26 is provided around the shaft portion 15a.
Separately, a plurality of small-diameter communication holes 27 are formed that communicate with the vaporization chamber C and the activation chamber.

On the other hand, the cam receiver provided on the vaporization valve 15 is provided with a rotating cam 28 corresponding to the plate 17, and as the rotating cam 28 rotates, the vaporization valve 15 resists the urging force of the compression coil spring 22. It is designed to be moved downward. At this time, since the pin 29 implanted in the member 21a of the spring receiver is engaged with the guide 'a13b of the guide part 13a integrally molded with the screw member 13 so as to be able to slide in the vertical direction, the vaporization formation is prevented. The valve 15 is configured to be able to move up and down without rotating.

Although not shown in FIG. 1, a piston 30 is slidably disposed in the main combustion chamber A of the cylinder body 4, and the piston 30 and the crankshaft 31 are connected to each other via a stove throat 32. Connected (see Figure 2)
. In FIG. 2, 33 is an intake valve, and 34 is an exhaust valve.

Next, the operation of the compression ignition engine 1 of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG.

First, in Figure 2 (I), the crank angle is O@~1806 (
This shows the operation from top dead center to bottom dead center), in which the intake valve 33 is in the open state and the exhaust valve 34 is in the closed state. On the other hand, the vaporization valve 15 is closed, and liquid fuel is supplied from the fuel supply valve 24 to the activation chamber and the vaporization chamber C. Thus, the liquid fuel supplied into the vaporization chamber C via the activation chamber is heated by the heater 18 and vaporization is started. At this time, in addition to the heat in the pre-combustion chamber B being transmitted to the vaporization chamber C via the fins 20, the vaporization forming valve 1
Since the small-diameter communication port 27 is provided in the shaft portion 15a of No. 5, activation of the supplied fuel is further promoted.

Next, the crank angle between 1800 and 3606 is the second
As shown in Figure I, the intake valve 33, exhaust valve 34, and vaporization valve 15 are each closed to perform the compression process. At this time, the fuel in the vaporization chamber C of the vaporization valve 15 is sufficient. is vaporized to form a suitable gas mixture with air (oxygen) at a crank angle of, for example, 279° to 330'.

Thereafter, just before the crank angle reaches 3606, the vaporization valve 15 is pressed by the rotating cam 28 and becomes open as shown in FIG. Thus, the mixed air, which has been sufficiently vaporized in the vaporization chamber C and the activation chamber, enters the precombustion chamber B and is further injected into the main combustion chamber A through the injection port 8. As a result, the mixed gas is supplied to the compressed heat source in the main combustion chamber A, and combustion starts at around 3606 crank angles.
At the point in time, the vaporization valve 15 is closed again by the cooperation of the rotary cam 28 and the compression coil spring 22, and the combustion process is completed (see FIG. 2 (IV)).

Next, the exhaust valve 34 is opened as shown in FIG. is discharged.

The above-described series of steps are repeated to rotate the crankshaft 31.

According to the compression ignition engine 1 as described above, liquid fuel is sufficiently vaporized in the vaporization chamber C and the activation chamber by the heater 18 to form a gas mixture with air, and this ideal gas mixture is pre-combusted. Since the fuel is supplied to the chamber B and the main combustion chamber A for explosion and expansion, the fuel can be completely combusted and the black smoke contained in the exhaust gas can be significantly reduced.

Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, and various modifications and changes can be made based on the technical idea of the present invention.

For example, the vaporization chamber C may be formed separately from the valve 15, and the vaporization chamber C and the main combustion chamber A may be communicated with each other in response to the opening operation of the valve 15.

Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention vaporizes liquid fuel by heating it with a heating means in a vaporization chamber to form a gas mixture with air, and then transfers the gas mixture to a combustion chamber by opening a valve body. Compared to conventional compression ignition engines that supply liquid fuel directly to the combustion chamber, the ignition delay of the supplied fuel can be ignored even if the compression ratio is relatively low. This makes it possible to reduce black smoke contained in exhaust gas, reduce nitrogen oxides, reduce diesel knock, and make the engine smaller and lighter.

Furthermore, since the compression ignition engine of the present invention can operate in an optimal state, inexpensive fuel such as heavy oil or alcohol can be used as the liquid fuel, which is advantageous in terms of economy.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 and 2 are for explaining an embodiment of a compression ignition engine to which the present invention is applied, and FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the compression ignition engine, and FIGS. ) is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the operating state of the compression ignition engine over time. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Compression ignition engine, 15... Vaporization formation valve, 18... Heater as a heating means, 24...
・Fuel supply valve, 28... rotating cam,
31... Crankshaft, 33... Intake valve,
34...Exhaust valve, A...Main combustion chamber,
B... Pre-combustion chamber, C... Vaporization chamber,
D...Activation chamber.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] A. A valve body provided in relation to the combustion chamber; B. A vaporization chamber selectively communicated with the combustion chamber according to the operation of the valve body; C. The vaporization chamber. D. a heating means disposed inside the vaporization chamber; The compressor is characterized in that the compressor is configured such that after vaporizing the gas mixture with air by heating the compressor, the gas mixture is guided into the combustion chamber and combusted by moving the valve body forward. Ignition engine.