JPS6147340B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a brake device for a rotating machine. In brake devices installed in electric motors, etc., where braking pressure is applied by spring force and released by electromagnetic force, the gap between the fixed and movable cores of the electromagnet expands due to wear of the friction material, which requires readjustment. Ta. Among conventional brake mechanisms that apply braking using spring force, the electromagnetic force that applies spring force directly to the brake plate and releases it also does not use a lever and directly separates the spring force. Since there is no mechanism, the gap between the fixed and movable cores of the electromagnet expands by the wear of the friction material, and unless readjustment or replacement of the friction material, a large current will continue to flow through the electromagnet winding. There was a risk of burning out the windings of the electromagnet, and there was also a risk that the windings on the motor side, whose rotating parts were fixed by the brake, could also be burned out, making it impossible to release the brake. Furthermore, even if the brake cannot be released, if the gap between the fixed and movable cores of the electromagnet increases, the impact force generated when an attractive force is generated between the two cores will increase, causing damage to the entire brake mechanism. It adversely affects mechanical strength, leading to breakage, and at the same time, the impact force generates very loud noise, causing noise pollution. Therefore, in the past, the electromagnet for the brake had to be made with a large enough margin to sufficiently attract even if the gap between the fixed and movable iron cores became large to some extent, which was uneconomical, and also caused by the impact force at the time of attraction. In order to prevent the brake mechanism from being destroyed, the structure had to be strong enough to withstand this. Further, it is troublesome to adjust the above-mentioned gap between the electromagnets, and a certain degree of skill is required.

The present invention aims to provide a brake device for a rotating machine that is free from the various drawbacks mentioned above, and will be described below with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a portion of an embodiment of the present invention showing the state during brake operation when each part is normal. 1 is a bracket of an electric motor, 2 is a rotating shaft, 3 is a bearing thereof, A boss 8 that supports friction plates 4 and 5 having friction materials 4' and 5' on their friction surfaces so that they can slide only in the axial direction is fixed to one end of the rotating shaft 2 by a stop plate 9 and a stop bolt 10. The friction material 5' of the friction plate 5 has a hole 2 through which a bolt 7 connecting the bracket 1 and the brake cover 19 passes.
8, 29, an intermediate plate 6 and a brake plate 1 capable of sliding in the axial direction guided by the bolt 7;
1, the friction material 4' of the friction plate 4 is sandwiched between the bracket 1 and the intermediate plate 6, and the portion of the bolt 7 sandwiched between the brake plate 11 and the brake cover 19 has a A brake spring 24 (pressing force f ₁ ) is provided. In addition, the brake plate 11 and the movable iron core 30 of the electromagnet
are fixed to the movable core mounting bracket 12 with bolts, etc., and a positioning spring 2
5 (pressing force f ₂ ), the positioning metal fitting 13 is installed so as to be movable in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 2. Next, a fixed core 31 equipped with an excitation winding of an electromagnet and facing the movable core 30 with a gap g ₁ in between is fixed to a fixed core mounting bracket 15, and this fixed core mounting bracket 15 has a hole in its periphery. with a guide pin 2 fixed to the brake cover 19 in the hole.
0 penetrates, so that the pin 20 can slide only in the axial direction. On the other hand, on the center side of the fixed core mounting bracket 15, the pin 20 can slide in the axial direction with respect to the left side of the stopper bracket 18 attached to the brake cover 19. Gap adjustment fittings 17, 1 to maintain the gap g ₂
6 are fixed to each other, and the gap adjustment fitting 16 is fitted to the stopper fitting 18 so that it can slide in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 2, and is screwed to the fixed core mounting fitting 15 so that it can rotate. are fitted together. In addition, a pressing spring 27 (pressing force
f ₃ ) is provided, and the fixed core 31 is pushed toward the movable core 30 by the action of the pressing spring 27, and the positioning bracket 13 is connected to the spring receiver 14 integrally connected to the fixed core 31 and the fixed core mounting bracket 15. Due to the contact, a gap g ₁ is maintained between the movable iron core 30 and the movable iron core 30 . The stopper fitting 18 is provided with a cushioning material such as a disc spring 21 between the stopper fitting 18 and the brake cover 19, and a gap in the axial direction between the stopper fitting 18 and the brake cover 19 is kept constant by a stopper bolt 22 and a stopper nut 23. Furthermore, a torsion spring 26 is provided between the gap adjustment fittings 17, 16 and the spring receiving fitting 14,
Fixed core mounting bracket 15 and clearance adjustment brackets 17, 16
It is designed to generate torsional torque between the The size of the gaps g ₁ and g ₂ is g ₁ > g ₂ , and the spring 2
The magnitude of the pressing forces f ₁ , f ₂ , f ₃ of 4, 25, 27 is f ₁ >
f ₂ > f ₃ .

Next, the operation will be explained. During the braking operation when each part shown in FIG. A gap g ₁ is maintained between them, and a gap g ₂ narrower than g ₁ is provided in the axial direction between the left side of the stopper fitting 18 and the gap adjustment fitting 17.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a portion of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 showing the state when the brake is released when each part is normal. When the brake is released, the electromagnet is excited, and its fixed iron core 31 and movable iron core 30 A suction force is generated between the suction force springs 24, 25,
As shown in FIG.
Gap adjustment fitting 1 through gap g ₂ between the left side of
6 and 17 are screwed together with the fixed core mounting bracket 15, so first, the fixed core part compresses the spring 25, which has a weaker pressing force than the spring 24, via the spring receiver 14 and the positioning bracket 13, and the distance is increased. After moving g ₂ towards the movable iron core, remove the clearance adjustment fitting 1.
7 is stopped by a stopper fitting 18. In this case, the gap between the fixed iron core 31 and the movable iron core 30 is
g ₁ −g ₂ , and an axial gap g ₂ is created between the protrusion at the right end of the positioning metal fitting 13 and the movable core mounting metal fitting 12 . Furthermore, due to the attractive force between the iron cores 31 and 30, the spring 24 is compressed, and the movable iron core 30 moves toward the fixed iron core 31.
1 move until they come into contact with each other, a gap of g ₃ =g ₁ -g ₂ is created between the brake plate 11 and the friction material 5' of the friction plate 5, and the brake release operation is completed. In this case, the movable core mounting bracket 12 moves to the left by g ₁ -g ₂ , so the gap in the axial direction between the positioning bracket 13 and the protrusion at the right end becomes g ₁ .

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a portion of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, showing the state during brake operation when the friction materials 4', 5' of the friction plates 4, 5 are worn by α in thickness. The pressing force f ₃ of the pressing spring 27 that pushes the fixed core mounting bracket 15 to the right is the pressing force f ₂ of the positioning spring 25 that presses the positioning bracket 13 against the spring receiver 14 fixed to the fixed core mounting bracket 15.
, the gap between the fixed and movable cores 31 and 30 is maintained at g 1, but the gap between the fixed and movable cores 31 and 30 is maintained at g ₁ , but the gap between the fixed and movable cores is reduced by the pressing force of the braking spring 24 due to wear of the friction materials 4' and 5'. Since the entire movement moves to the right by α, the gap in the axial direction between the left side of the stopper fitting 18 and the gap adjustment fitting 17 is divided from the original g ₂ to both sides of the stopper fitting 18, and g ₂ = g ₄ + α. Become. Here, the clearance adjusting fittings 16 and 17 are free to move in the axial direction, and are rotated relative to the fixed core mounting fitting 15 by the torsion spring 26 provided between the spring receiving fitting 14, and the friction members 4', Gap α due to wear of 5′
Move in the direction of the stopper fitting 18 so that
The lateral spread with 17 becomes larger, and g ₄ again
g becomes ₂ .

As described above, the brake device for a rotating machine according to the present invention has a simple and appropriate configuration, and can automatically keep the electromagnet that releases the brake fixed and the gap between the movable iron cores constant regardless of the wear of the friction material. Due to wear of the friction material, the above gap became too large, making it impossible for the electromagnet's movable core to be attracted, causing a large current to continue flowing through the electromagnet windings, resulting in burnout, and the brake becoming unable to release, causing the rotating parts to be fixed by the brake. This prevents the windings on the motor side from burning out, and since the gap between the fixed electromagnet and the movable core does not change, it only needs to operate with a small gap, and the electromagnet that releases the brake can be of small capacity. It can be manufactured at a low cost, saves power during use, does not generate large impact force or impact noise when an attractive force is generated between the fixed and movable cores of the electromagnet, and reduces the mechanical impact of the entire brake system. This provides excellent effects such as stable target strength and low noise.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are partial vertical cross-sectional views showing the states of an embodiment of the present invention when the brake is operated and when the brake is released, respectively, when each part is normal;
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a portion of the same embodiment showing the state during brake operation when the friction material has progressed to wear. 2... Rotating shaft of rotating machine, 4, 5... Friction plate,
4', 5'... Friction plate, friction material provided on the friction surfaces of 4 and 5, 11... Braking plate, 12... Movable core mounting bracket, 13... Positioning bracket, 14... Spring holder, 15... Fixed core mounting bracket, 16, 17...
...Gap adjustment fittings fixed to each other, 18...Stopper fitting, 19...Brake cover, 24...Brake spring, 25...Positioning spring, 26...Torsion spring, 27...Pushing spring, 30, 31... ...The movable core and fixed core of an electromagnet.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 The friction plates 4 and 5 attached to the rotating shaft 2 and the friction materials 4' and 5' provided on the friction surfaces of these friction plates are biased in the axial direction by the braking spring 24 in the direction of permanent contact. A movable brake plate 11, a movable core mounting bracket 12 fixed to the brake plate and supporting a movable core 30, and an excitation winding of an electromagnet disposed opposite to the movable core with a small gap _g1 interposed therebetween. A fixed core 31 provided therein, an axially movable stator core mounting bracket 15 supporting the fixed core, and a spring receiver 14 integrally coupled to the fixed core mounting bracket,
The positioning metal fitting 13 is biased by a positioning spring 25 so as to be in constant contact with this spring receiving metal fitting, and is supported by the movable core mounting metal fitting that secures a gap g ₁ between the movable iron core and the fixed iron core, and the brake cover 1
A stopper fitting 18 is provided between the stopper fitting 18, which maintains a constant axial distance from the stopper fitting 9, and the fixed core mounting fitting, and constantly biases the fixed core fitting in the direction of the movable core. A gap adjuster screwed onto the fixed core mounting bracket so as to be movable in the axial direction so that there is a minute gap _g2 in the axial direction between the pressing spring 27 and one side of the stopper bracket before the friction material wears out. metal fittings 16 and 17, and a torsion spring 26 which is provided between the gap adjustment fitting and the spring receiving fitting and which generates torsional torque between the fixed iron core mounting fitting and the gap adjustment fitting, and ₁ and g ₂ are such that g ₁ > g ₂ , and the pressing force f ₁ of the braking spring 24 and the pressing force of the positioning spring 25
A brake device for a rotating machine in which the magnitudes of f ₂ and the pressing force f ₃ of the pressing spring 27 are set in a relationship such that f ₁ > f ₂ > f ₃ .