JPS6136519A - Hydraulic clutch apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve response performance by connecting a lubricating-oil feeding passage independently formed in the axial direction in a clutch shaft to the hydraulic chamber of a clutch piston through a communication hole formed into a separating plate. CONSTITUTION:An auxiliary pressure liquid passage 120 is formed in the radial direction inside a separating plate 62. Said auxiliary pressure liquid passage 120 is opened to a communication hole 68 formed onto the separating plate 62, and a seal 122 is fitted for closure onto the outer peripheral part of the auxiliary pressure liquid passage 120. A lubricating-oil feeding passage 98 formed onto a clutch shaft 10 is connected to the hydraulic chambers 64 and 66 on the both sides through a branched passage 114, auxiliary pressure liquid passage 120, and the communication hole 68. Since the hydraulic chambers 64 and 66 can be always kept in the state full of liquid, the clutch pistons 58 and 60 can be immediately driven by the supply of the working-liquid pressure.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a hydraulic clutch device used in an automatic transmission such as a tractor that has a large transmission torque. At initial operation, clutch piston hydraulic pressure reaches τ1x
4JIL This invention relates to a hydraulic clutch bag opening having a structure in which the clutch piston is hydraulically actuated by separating the clutch piston.

(Background of the Invention) Conventionally, as this type of hydraulic clutch device, a hydraulically actuated clutch line groove, etc., disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 46-5645, etc., have been known.

This hydraulically operated clutch mechanism has a clutch piston installed coaxially with the clutch shaft, and a pair of clutch pistons on both sides of the clutch piston that connects and disconnects motion and force transmission between the input gear and the clutch shaft by one hydraulic actuation of the clutch piston. A wet clutch is provided, and the hydraulic pressure chamber in the clutch piston is separated into left and right sides by a separate plate, and valve discs are provided on both sides of multiple communication holes provided in the separate plate that communicate the separated liquid chambers. When hydraulic pressure is supplied to either one of the fluid chambers, the valve disc on the side where the hydraulic pressure is applied closes the communication hole in the separate plate, separating the fluid chambers, and the hydraulic pressure of the clutch piston is applied. The movement creates a state of frictional contact between one wet clutch and transmits power to the clutch shaft.

Furthermore 1. In the hydraulically operated clutch mechanism described in -, an accelerator piston is provided on the inflow side of each fluid chamber of the clutch piston in order to prevent shock and wear caused by sudden clutch engagement caused by applying fluid pressure directly to the clutch piston. , the initial actuation of the accelerator piston when hydraulic pressure is applied moves the valve disc to separate the liquid chamber at the communication hole in the separate plate, and then connects it to the clutch piston through the orifice provided in the accelerator piston. By supplying hydraulic pressure, the smooth hydraulic operation of the clutch piston causes an exponential increase in friction torque when the clutch is engaged, and prevents wear on the clutch disc due to clutch shock or slippage during engagement.

By the way, in such a conventional hydraulic clutch v1M, when the clutch is released, the switching valve is operated to connect the hydraulic pressure chamber of the clutch piston to the train side and set the hydraulic pressure to zero, thereby placing the clutch piston in the neutral position. I'm trying to turn it back into a beast.

However, when the fluid chamber of the clutch piston is opened to the drain, as time passes, the fluid remaining in the fluid chamber of the clutch piston will be drawn out to the drain side due to the level difference, and the next clutch connection will be delayed. When hydraulic pressure is supplied for this purpose, the hydraulic chamber is first filled with liquid, and then hydraulic pressure is applied, resulting in a delay of time II + 1 from the time hydraulic pressure is supplied until the clutch piston starts operating. There was a problem.

(Object of the Invention) The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and is designed to keep the hydraulic pressure chamber of the clutch piston always filled with liquid even in the clutch disengaged state where the hydraulic chamber of the clutch piston is opened to the drain side. An object of the present invention is to provide a highly responsive hydraulic clutch device that can reliably prevent a delay in clutch piston operation when hydraulic pressure is next supplied.

(Structure of the Invention) To achieve this object, the present invention intersects a plurality of drive and driven clutch disks on both sides of the clutch piston coaxially connected to the clutch shaft.

A wet clutch mechanism is provided, and a pair of valve discs are provided facing each other on both sides of a plurality of communication holes arranged and formed in an annular manner in a separate member that separates the hydraulic pressure chamber in the clutch piston from left to right. Each of the discs is provided with an accelerator piston that is initially activated when hydraulic pressure is applied to press the valve disc on the hydraulic pressure side into contact with the frontage of the communication hole of the separating member to separate the hydraulic pressure chambers of the clutch piston,
When the accelerator piston separates the hydraulic chamber, the clutch piston is moved inward by supplying hydraulic pressure through the orifice formed in the accelerator piston, and the wet clutch mechanism a! In a hydraulic clutch device that creates a power transmission state through frictional contact, a 15W1 oil supply fluid passage is provided independently in the axial direction of the clutch shaft, and this fluid passage is connected to a communication hole in a separate plate to connect the hydraulic pressure chamber of the clutch piston. A compensating fluid passageway is formed in the plate to replenish fluid to the clutch piston, and by supplying fluid from this compensating fluid passageway, the hydraulic pressure chamber of the clutch piston can always be filled with fluid even if it is opened to the drain. Embodiment FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention partially in cross section.

First, the structure will be explained. Numeral 10 is a clutch shaft, and both ends thereof are rotatably attached to a casing (not shown) by thrust bearings 12.14. 16.1
Reference numeral 8 denotes an input gear, which is rotatably supported on the clutch shaft 10 by needle bearings 20 and 22. , 24 is an output gear, which is fixed to the clutch shaft 10 by spline fitting.

An input gear 16 rotatably provided on the clutch shaft 10
A hydraulic clutch device of the present invention is provided between and 18,
This hydraulic clutch device has a central clutch piston mechanism 2.
6 and wet clutch mechanisms 28 and 30 provided on both sides thereof.

To explain the wet clutch mechanism with respect to the wet clutch Ij1 structure 28 on the left side, a cup-shaped drum 3 is connected to the input gear 16.
2 is fixed, and a plurality of drive clutches 511!36 are installed on the inner peripheral spline 34 of the drum 32.
Inside the I! drum 38 has a spline fit to the clutch shaft 10. A plurality of driven clutch discs 42 are arranged on the outer peripheral spline 40 of the drum 38, and the driven clutches 1142 are arranged alternately with respect to the drive clutch discs 36.

The structure of such a wet clutch mechanism is the same for the wet clutch mechanism 30 on the right side, and a plurality of drive clutches 148 are arranged on the inner circumferential spline 46 of the drum 44 wound around the input key 718. A drum 50 fixed to the clutch shaft 10 by spline fitting is provided, and a plurality of driven clutch discs 54 are connected to the outer circumferential spline 52 of the drum 50 as a drive clutch! ! ! 48 are arranged alternately.

Next, the clutch piston mechanism 26 provided between the wet clutch mechanisms 28 and 30 will be explained.

First, the clutch pistons 58 and 60, which connect and disconnect the wet clutch mechanisms 28 and 30 on both sides, are made as an integral MII structure by combining two piston housings, and the clutch pistons 58 and 60 are oriented axially with respect to the clutch shaft 10. Assembled so that it can slide freely. A separate plate 62 is installed inside the piston housing equipped with the clutch pistons 58 and 60 to restrict the movement of the clutch shaft 10 in the axial direction and to be rotatable.
A plurality of communication holes 68 are formed in the separate plate 62 in an annular shape.

Valve discs 70 are located on both sides of the separate plate 62.
．． 72 is provided, and the valve disc 70° 72 is supported at both ends of a dual guide bin 74 that is slidably fitted in the separate plate 62 in the axial direction. The hydraulic pressure chambers 64 and 66 on both sides are partitioned off by seating a valve disk 70 or 72 in the section. An accelerator piston 76° 78 is located on the clutch shaft 1o side of the hydraulic chambers 64, 66 of the clutch piston 58, 60).
21 movably provided, accelerator piston 76.7
A hydraulic chamber 80,82 is formed inside the hydraulic chamber 80.
．． 82 communicates with the hydraulic chamber 64.66 of the clutch piston via an orifice 84.86 formed in the seven accelerator piston 76.78.

Additionally, a guide bin 88 is provided on the outer surface of the clutch piston 58, 60 incorporating the accelerator piston 76, 78.
．． 90 is implanted, and the guide bins 88.90 are fitted into respective guide holes 92.94 of the drum 38.50 in the opposing wet clutch mechanism 28.30, and the clutch piston 58.60 is moved in the axial direction by hydraulic pressure. Move to
I am trying to guide the movement.

Figure 2 shows the valve disc 72 according to the ■-■ cross section of Figure 1.
The valve disk 72 has a radial plate shape facing the communication holes 68 formed at six locations on the separate plate 62, and the valve plate 94 has holes 92 on the side of the separate plate 62. The hole 92 is closed on the outside of the valve plate 94, and the communicating hole 68 of the valve plate 94 is placed in the open position t!
A reaction force plate 96 for redirecting heat is cooled, and is supported on the side of the separate plate 62 by dual guide bins 74 provided at three locations.

Next, to explain the fluid passages provided inside the clutch shaft 10, as is clear from FIG. Liquid passage 100 that supplies pressure
and a fluid passage 102 that supplies working fluid pressure to the clutch piston 60 are formed independently, and the fluid pressure supplied to these fluid passages 98, 100, 102 from the outside is as follows:
This is done by a hydraulic coupling part 104 numbered on the left side of the clutch shaft 10 in FIG.

Regarding the liquid passage formed in the clutch shift V-shift 10, the first
The figure shows the rIJ lubricating oil supply liquid passage 98 in cross section.
A branch passage 106.108 supplies lubricating oil to the needle bearing 20.22 of the input gear 16.18, and this branch passage rs106.108 has an orifice 110.1.
12 is provided to maintain the pressure of the lubricating oil supply liquid passage 98 at the coal chamber pressure. Further, the m lubricant supply liquid passage 98 is connected to the clutch piston mechanism 2 by a branch passage 114.
It communicates with the inner peripheral portion of the separate plate 62 at 6.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a liquid passage in the separate plate 62 that is continuous with the branch passage 114 of the lubricating oil supply liquid passage 98, and a compensating liquid passage 120 is formed in the radial direction inside the separate plate 62. This pressure-compensating fluid passage 120 opens into a communication hole 68 formed in the separate plate 62, and the pressure-compensating fluid passage 120 is formed as a through hole from the outside by drilling.
The lubricating oil supply liquid passage 98 is connected to the branch passage 114 . It is connected to hydraulic pressure chambers 64 and 66 on both sides via a pressure compensation fluid passage 120 and a communication hole 68. This separate plate: Compensating fluid passage 1 formed in G2
20 is in communication with one of the three communication holes 68 provided in the separate plate 62, as is clear from FIG. The liquid can be supplied through the gap between the shaft hole of the separate plate 62 and the shaft 10.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be explained.

Figure 1 shows the hydraulic chamber 64.6 of the clutch piston 58.60.
6 is shown in a disengaged state where the clutch is connected to the train side via a switching valve (not shown).

In this state, for example, if actuation vJ hydraulic pressure is supplied to the clutch piston 58 side through the liquid passage 100 of the clutch shaft 10 (see Fig. 2) by actuation of the switching valve, this working hydraulic pressure will first be applied to the accelerator piston. 76 hydraulic type 8
0 and move the clutch piston 58 to the left to create a drive clutch in the wet clutch mechanism 28! 836
At the same time, the accelerator piston 76 is moved to the right and the communication hole 68 of the separate plate 62 is opened by the valve disc 70.
I chain and separate hydraulic chambers 64 and 66. Subsequently, the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic chamber 64 rises toward the working hydraulic pressure through the orifices 84 of the accelerator screws 1 to 76, increasing the pressing force of the wet clutch mechanism 28 by the clutch piston 58, and the clutch disc When the frictional contact force exceeds the power transmitted from the input key 716, a clutch connected state is obtained, and the power from the input gear 16 is transmitted to the output gear 24 via the wet clutch mechanism 28 and the clutch shaft 10.

Next, by returning the switching valve to the neutral position, the liquid passage 100
When connected to the drain side, the hydraulic pressure chamber 80 of the accelerator piston 76 and the hydraulic pressure chamber 64 of the clutch piston 58 are opened to the drain side, and the clutch piston 58 is pushed back to the neutral position by a return spring (not shown), and the connected state is established. Disconnect the wet clutch mechanism 28 according to the condition.

With the latch pistons 58 and 60 returned to their neutral positions, the hydraulic pressure chambers 64 and 66 are
Since it is connected to the drain side through 02, the liquid in the hydraulic pressure chambers 64 and 66 reaches a level and is handled to the train side 1f.

However, in the present invention, the clutch shaft 10 is connected to the communication hole 68 of the separate plate 62 separating the hydraulic pressure chambers 64, 66, as shown in FIG. Lubricating oil is supplied to the hydraulic pressure chambers 64.66 from the I11 lubricating oil supply liquid passage 98 and the branch passage 114 through the pressure compensation liquid passage 120 formed inside the separate plate 62. Even if the pressure chambers 64 and 66 are connected to the drain side, the fluid pressure chambers 64 and 66 can always be kept filled with fluid by replenishing the fluid from the compensating fluid passage 120.

Therefore, when hydraulic pressure is supplied to the hydraulic pressure chamber 64 or 66 next time, the hydraulic pressure can be immediately applied to the hydraulic pressure chamber 64 or 66 which is filled with liquid, and the hydraulic pressure chamber 64 or 66 can be immediately applied with hydraulic pressure. ．．
The responsiveness of the hydraulic clutch device can be improved without causing a time delay for filling the fluid in the hydraulic clutch device 66.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, a flil lubricating oil supply fluid passage is independently provided in the axial direction of the clutch shaft, and this fluid passage is connected to the communication hole of the separate plate to connect the clutch piston. A compensating fluid passage that replenishes fluid into the hydraulic pressure chamber of the clutch piston is formed in the plate, and fluid is supplied from this compensating fluid passage to constantly replenish the fluid even if the hydraulic pressure chamber of the clutch piston is opened to the drain side. Even if the hydraulic pressure chamber of the clutch piston is opened to the drain side when the clutch is disengaged and fluid is drained,
Fluid is replenished from the compensating fluid passage, and the hydraulic pressure chamber of the clutch piston can be kept constantly filled with fluid.
Since it is not necessary to send fluid to fill the hydraulic pressure chamber of the clutch piston when supplying hydraulic pressure, the 9 latch piston can be driven directly by supplying hydraulic pressure, and the clutch is connected. It is possible to improve the responsiveness for carrying out operations.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram partially showing an embodiment of the present invention in cross section, Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line ■-■ in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 shows the clutch piston mechanism shown in Fig. 1 taken out. FIG. 10: Clutch shaft 12.14 Ni last bearing 16.1″8: Input gear 20.22: Needle bearing 24: Output gear 26: Clutch piston mechanism 28.30: Wet clutch mechanism 32.38.44.50 Ni drum 34 .46: Inner circumference spline 36.48 Drive clutch disk 40.52: Outer circumference spline 42.54: Driven clutch disk 58.60: Clutch piston 62: Separate plate 64.66.80.82: Hydraulic pressure chamber 68: Communication Hole 70.72 + Valve disc 74: Dual guide bin 76.78 Near accelerator piston 84.86: Orifice 88.90 Ni guide bin 92: Hole 94: Valve plate 96 Double cup plate 98: 1lll Oil supply liquid passage 100.102: Liquid Passage 104: Hydraulic coupling part 106.108.114: Branch passage 110.112 = Orifice 120: Compensation fluid passage 122: Seal

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A wet clutch mechanism is provided in which a plurality of drive and driven clutch discs are alternately arranged on both sides of a clutch piston coaxially arranged on the clutch shaft, and a separate member that separates the hydraulic pressure chamber in the clutch piston into left and right sides has an annular shape. A pair of valve disks are provided opposite to each other on both sides of a plurality of communication holes arranged and formed in the separate member, and when hydraulic pressure is applied to each of the valve disks, the valve disks on the side where hydraulic pressure is applied are initially activated to move the valve disks on the side where the hydraulic pressure is applied to the communication holes of the separate member. An accelerator piston is provided that presses against the opening to separate a hydraulic chamber of the clutch piston, and after the accelerator piston separates the hydraulic chamber, hydraulic pressure is supplied through an orifice formed in the accelerator piston to move the clutch piston in one direction. In the hydraulic clutch device that moves to create a power transmission state by frictional contact of the wet clutch mechanism, a lubricant supply liquid passage is independently formed in the axial direction within the clutch shaft, and the liquid passage is connected to the separate part. A hydraulic clutch device characterized in that a compensating fluid passage is formed in the plate to connect to a communication hole in the plate and replenish fluid to a hydraulic chamber of a clutch piston.