JPS61296102A - Disposable diaper - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a so-called disposable diaper that does not require a separate diaper cover. For more information on voices, please refer to Infants/Children
The present invention relates to the diaper described above, which can be used by any adult, but is particularly suitable for use by adults who are bedridden due to incontinence or illness.

(Prior Art) In disposable diapers that do not require a separate diaper cover, it is an important issue to prevent the leakage of excrement from the wearer's crotch area. An elastic member is provided that expands and contracts in the length direction of the diaper in order to compress the wearer's thighs and create a seal with the outside. Compression must be even and tight.

However, in general, disposable diapers use absorbent materials with relatively low flexibility as their constituent materials for economical reasons, which impedes the expansion and contraction function of the elastic member.
It is believed that as a result, the sealing function of the elastic member is not fully exhibited.

Therefore, based on this view, as a solution to the problem of the elastic member's elastic member's elastic function being compromised, highly flexible side flaps are formed on the outside of the absorbent body and are spaced a sufficient distance from the outer edge of the absorbent body. A disposable diaper with an elastic member attached to the side flap of the holding part was published in 1973.
No. 40267 also discloses a disposable article in which a part of the exterior member (top sheet and backsea 1-) covering the absorbent body is provided with a flexible part that is not attached to the absorbent body, and an elastic member is attached to the flexible part. Diapers are published in 1978
-10050, respectively.

In addition, as a solution to the problem that the sealing function of the elastic member is obstructed by the movement of the absorber or the wearer's thigh, the opposite side of the back sear 1- is folded back inward, and the free end of the folded part is folded back. Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 59-25741 proposes a disposable diaper in which an elastic member is attached to the absorber so that the elastic member can move freely relative to the absorbent body.

Incidentally, as far as the present inventors know, the above-mentioned known technology is a typical one that shows a solution to the problems in disposable diapers having an elastic member, particularly for making the sealing function of the elastic member effective. Good morning.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, despite the teachings of the above-mentioned known techniques, it is not possible to effectively prevent leakage of excrement, particularly excrement fluid, from the wearer's crotch in a disposable diaper having an elastic member. This is extremely difficult to construct, and is well known to those skilled in the art.

There may be various reasons for this, but according to the research results of the present inventors and the teachings of the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 59-25741, the factors that adversely affect the sealing function of the elastic member are: The shape of the diaper from the waist to the crotch and abdomen, where the diaper should be worn, is in conflict with the shape conditions that the diaper must meet in order to perform its function.

The human body is wide at the hips, extremely narrow at the groin, and suddenly widens again at the abdomen. Generally, this body shape is seen in adults; for example, in an adult, the width of the buttocks touching the bed in a supine position is about 6 times the width of the groin.
~8 times as much, while for infants, the former is about 2 times the latter.
It's double.

Therefore, in the buttocks, it is desirable that the absorbent body of the diaper having a predetermined thickness be formed as wide as possible. This configuration is desirable not only to improve the ability to receive and absorb excrement in the buttocks region, but also to avoid creating an uncomfortable level difference between the lower buttocks and the bed in the supine position.

On the other hand, the absorbent body of the diaper in the crotch area is desirably formed narrowly in order to be positioned as naturally as possible in the crotch area. However, since excrement is concentrated in the diaper in the groin area, the diaper is formed as wide as possible to improve the ability to receive and absorb excrement in the groin area. It is desirable that the sealing function be formed so as to fully exhibit its sealing function.

These contradictory demands can be relatively easily satisfied in flexible cloth diapers that use a diaper cover by gathering the diaper at the crotch area and using the elasticity of the diaper cover to make a close contact. Disposable diapers comprising a rigid absorbent body and a relatively inelastic plastic backsheet 1 are difficult to be satisfied with.

By the way, looking at the diapers disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-40267 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 54-10050, when the absorbent body in the crotch area of the diaper is not narrowly formed, the crotch area is narrower than the wearer's. The absorbent body is strongly compressed and gathered in the crotch area against the rigidity of the absorbent body, and due to the rigidity of the absorbent body bent into an irregular shape, complex stress, folds, and wrinkles occur, and the elastic member also applies stress accordingly. As a result, the contact force against the body becomes uneven and unstable, and the elastic member does not work effectively, that is, at right angles to the surface of contact with the skin. In general, the stiffness of the absorbent body is
Either by itself or in response to the movement of the wearer, the elastic member is moved away from or brought into unstable contact with the area to which it should be in close contact. Therefore, the sealing function of the elastic member is not fully exhibited. Furthermore, in the case where the absorbent body of the diaper is narrowly formed in the crotch area, if a relatively large amount of excrement, especially excrement liquid, is excreted, the absorbent body does not have the required absorption capacity and speed, causing leakage. In this aspect, if the crotch area is formed to be larger than a certain width, substantially the same drawbacks as in the above aspect will occur.

On the other hand, the diaper disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 59-25741 is aimed at solving problems similar to those of the two known techniques mentioned above, and can be given a negative evaluation. However, the opposite sides of the backsheet are folded inward, and the distance between the inner free ends of the folded parts (the elastic member is attached to the free ends) is equal to the distance between the center part (inseam area) of the absorbent body. It is said that it is preferable that the width be formed to substantially match the width. Therefore, in order to improve the ability to absorb excrement, it is restricted to make the diaper wide in the crotch area, and this diaper essentially has the drawbacks of the known diapers in which the crotch area is narrow.

Furthermore, adult diapers require a sufficiently large absorption capacity in the crotch area and a sufficiently high absorption rate, since the amount and rate of excretion per adult diaper is incomparably larger than that of infants. Furthermore, since adults have larger individual differences in body size and body shape than infants, it is necessary to be highly adaptable to these differences. However, this problem has not been effectively solved by the above-mentioned known techniques and other known techniques related to disposable diapers. Therefore, even if the diaper exhibits relatively good performance when the wearer is used in an upright position, it may exhibit extremely unstable performance when used in the supine or lateral position, especially in the latter position. .

As can be understood from the description of the above-mentioned known technology, the solution for ensuring that the elastic member fully exhibits the sealing function when wearing a disposable diaper is mainly based on the rigidity of the absorber relative to the elastic member. The goal has been to create a structure that prevents movement and motion from having a negative impact. It is no exaggeration to say that this is common knowledge or a fixed idea regarding disposable diapers having elastic members.

The present invention, contrary to such conventional common sense or fixed idea,
The above-mentioned problem can be solved by configuring the elastic member to be directly or indirectly fixedly disposed on the upper part of the absorbent body at an interval narrower than the width between the widthwise opposite side edges of the absorbent body in the crotch region. The purpose is to solve the problem.

Therefore, according to the present invention, there is provided an improved disposable product that can improve the fit, sealability, and adaptability to individual differences in physique and body shape in the crotch area of the wearer, thereby increasing the leakage prevention of excrement. Diapers can be provided.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The gist of the present invention is to provide at least an absorbent body, an impermeable backsea 1- on which the absorbent body is placed, and In the disposable diaper, the disposable diaper includes a stretchable elastic part which is arranged in the area and forms a gather in the arrangement part, and which is integrally connected to the opposite side in the width direction of the backsheet, and extends inward in the same direction from the opposite side in the width direction of the absorbent body. an impermeable side seam 1- which is located at a predetermined distance from the two parts of the absorber so that the central region of the upper part is not covered over a predetermined width, and is fixed at the longitudinal end; The diaper is characterized in that the side sheet is provided with the stretchable elastic part on the inner side in the width direction, and the stretchable elastic part is fixed to the second part of the absorbent body in a stretched state. .

Further, the present invention will be explained based on the illustrated embodiments as follows.

As shown in FIG. 1, the diaper has first and second tape fasteners 11a and llb extending outward from the waist in the rear region, and the first and second tape fasteners 1]a.

It is assembled by fixing the free end of 11b to the front region. First and second tape fasteners 11a.

As 11b, a known pressure-sensitive adhesive tape is used.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the diaper includes water permeable sheets 1 to 12, an impermeable back sheet 13, and an absorbent body 14 enclosed between the two sheets 1. . The absorbent core 14 of the diaper shown in FIG. 2 is formed in a rectangular shape, and the absorbent core 14 of the diaper shown in FIG. 3 has four portions 14a formed so that the crotch region is narrow.

1-Wheel sheet I2, back sheet 1-13, absorber 14
are made of materials such as those used in conventional disposable diapers; generally, the top sheet 1-12 is made of non-woven fabric, porous plastic film, etc., and the back sheet 13 is made of absorbent material such as plastic film, waterproof non-woven fabric, etc. 14
A material based on fluff pulp, preferably one in which superabsorbent polymer particles are mixed, is used. The absorbent body 14 is covered with tissue paper or a hydrophobic mesh sheet from the upper surface to the lower surfaces on both sides, and is preferably formed as a substantially integrated molded product when the diaper is completed. configured to exist. However, the present invention does not particularly care about the materials of these constituent members.

In the diaper shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the widthwise opposite sides of the backsheet 13 are folded back between the lower surface of the top sheet 12 and the upper surface of the absorbent body 14 on both widthwise opposite sides. J
Water impermeability = 12 = side seas 1 to 1.5a, 15b extending like a seam. 6th
7, the top sheet 12 and the back sheet 3 are integrally joined on both sides facing each other in the width direction, and the bottom surface of the top sheet 12 and the top surface of the absorbent body 14 are a water-impermeable side sheet 15c extending to
It has 1.5d. Side seats 15c, 15d
For example, it is made of the same material as the back sheet 13. Side seal l"15a, 15b, 15c,
15d is bonded and fixed to the backsheet 13 and/or the topsheet 12 at its longitudinal ends.

The side sheets 15a and 15c shown in FIGS. 4 and 6 have elastic members 1.6a and 16c that are made of a plurality of rubber threads and extend and contract along their inner edges in the width direction (in the present invention, these elastic members are referred to as elastic portions). ) is attached in the stretched state by an adhesive means such as a melt-type adhesive. Side seat 15b shown in FIGS. 5 and 7
, 1.5d is made of a thin highly flexible plastic film that is thermoplastic and exhibits elasticity when heat treated, and an elastic portion 16 that is made elastic by applying the treatment to the inner edge in the width direction.
b, 1.6d is given.

Plastic films having such properties have been proposed as elastic members for conventional disposable diapers, such as those disclosed in JP-A-59-144601 and US Pat. No. 3,8
19,401, 3,912,565, etc. can be used. In addition, as a means for imparting elasticity to the portions of the side sheets 15a, 15b, 1.5c, and 15d, it is possible to apply a melt-type adhesive that exhibits elasticity in a cured state to the portions. Not even.

Side seats 15a, 1.5b, 1.5c
, an elastic portion 16a provided on the inner edge of 15d, ]6
b, 16c, and 1.6d are fixed to the upper surface of the absorbent body 14 or the lower surface of the top sheet 2 in a stretched state. In the case of elastic members 1.6a, 16c that are separate from the side seams h15a, 15c, the fixing means includes the elastic member 16a.
, 16c to the side sheets 15a, 15c, or a separately prepared adhesive is used, and on the other hand, when the side sheets I.15b, 15d and the elastic parts 16b, 16d are made of the same material. , a separately prepared adhesive is used.

In this way, the elastic part is firmly attached to the immovable part of the diaper.
If it is constant, from the conventional common sense or fixed idea mentioned above, the elastic portion will not be able to sufficiently exert the contractile force due to the rigidity of the absorbent body and the non-stretchability of the side sheet or the top sheet. Some readers may have doubts that this is not the case, but such doubts can be resolved by using a material that can sufficiently exert a contractile force against the rigidity of the absorbent body as the elastic member. can.

Incidentally, if superabsorbent polymer particles are used in addition to fluff pulp as the absorbent body, the absorbent body can be constructed to be relatively thin and have low rigidity, as will be understood from what will be described later. According to the present invention, since the elastic portion is located at the base of the thigh, which is relatively less affected by the wearer's body movements, the elastic portion is made of a material that does not have a very strong contractile force. However, it can still perform the required functions.

In the diaper shown in FIG. 8, an impermeable side sheet 15e is located on the top surface of the top sheet 12,
An elastic member 16e is attached to the inner edge of the elastic member 16e and is fixed to the upper surface of the elastic member 16e. It goes without saying that this embodiment can also be constructed as shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, after being modified as necessary.

As representatively shown in FIG. 2, opposing side seats 1
5a, that is, the width WI of the central region of the upper surface of the absorber 14 that is not covered with the side sheet 15a is 50 to 320.
m, preferably 100 to 300 strokes, and the width between the inner edge and outer edge of the side sheet 15a, that is, the effective width W2 of the side sheet 1-1.5a, is preferably 15n+m or more. As shown in FIG. 2, the side sheet 15a is preferably provided over the entire length of the diaper, but it is sufficient if it is provided at least in the crotch area, and preferably the elastic member 16a is also provided in the crotch area. provided.

The top sheet 12 and the back sheet 13 are joined together at their outer peripheral edges by means such as hot-melt adhesive or welding, and the absorbent body 14 is also relatively attached to the back sheet 13 and/or the top sheet 12 by the above-mentioned means. Being fixed immovably is the same as in conventional disposable diapers.

(Function) In the diaper of the present invention, the elastic portion (represented by reference numeral 16a) extends over the side sheet (
As described above, it is attached to the inner edge of the absorbent body (represented by reference numeral 15a) and is fixed to the upper part of the absorbent body 14. Therefore, when putting the diaper on the wearer,
The line portion of the absorbent body 14 to which the elastic portion 16a is fixed is strongly drawn toward the body by the contractile force of the elastic portion 16a, and moves from the thigh to the base of the thigh. On the other hand, the portions outside the elastic line portion strongly press against the thigh during the movement process, so that the diaper, especially the front crotch area of the absorber 14, forms an approximately Ω-shape with the elastic line portion as a ridge. (See Figure 12).

The outer portion, which is bent in this way and pressed against the thigh, exhibits a good sealing function in conjunction with the elastic wire portion, and this is maintained stably and moves loosely with the movement of the body. Never.

(Example) As shown in FIGS. 9 to 11, an absorbent body 22 is formed by covering a mat-like fluff pulp (floc-like or pulverized pulp) mat 20 from the upper surface to both lower surfaces with water-permeable sheets 1-21. , the absorber 22 is covered from the lower surface to the upper surfaces of both sides with an impermeable backsheet 1-23, and the folded portions of the backsheets 1 to 24 are used as side sheets 24, and the inner edges of the side sheets are covered with Hola 1-melt adhesive 25. A diaper of the present invention was produced by attaching the elastic member 26 and covering the upper surface with a water-permeable 1-Tubushi-1-27.

The elastic member 26 connects the lower surface of the absorber 22 to the back sheet 23.
At the stage where the upper surfaces of both sides of the absorbent body 22 were covered with the side sheets 24, the entire upper surface of the absorbent body 22 was pressed at 7 kg/d to be fixed to the upper surface of the absorbent body 22 using the adhesive 25. Also, the absorbent body 22 and the back sheet 23. Banksy 1-23 and top sheet 27 were bonded together using Hora 1-Mel 1-Kei adhesive 28.

In addition, in Figure 9, the diaper has a W+ of 260■W.
2 is 40 strokes (Example 1), Wl is 200 mm-W
2 is 70 fields 1 (Example 2), Wl is 140■, W2 is 1
00M (Example 3).

On the other hand, as Comparative Example 1, as shown in FIG. 13, conditions were substantially the same as those of the diaper of the present invention, except that the side sheet 24 was not provided and the width of the 1-tube sheet and back sheet was 400nw+. A diaper was made.

In addition, as a comparative example 2, as shown in Fig. 14, the central part of the absorber was formed into an hourglass shape, and the narrowest width was 240 m.
A diaper was produced under substantially the same conditions as the diaper of the present invention except for the following points.

Other structural conditions of the Examples and Comparative Examples were as follows.

Absorber: Size 740 x 340mm, weight 250/
m, stiffness length 6.2 g-cm, width 6.2 g-cm by taper method (JTSP8125) Back sheet: size 800 x 350 nwn (however, not including the width of the sight sheet), 30 μ thick polyethylene film top sheet : Size 800 x 3/lonwn, weight 25 g/rtr, binder-free nonwoven fabric made of polyester fibers and sweat-absorbing polyester fibers 19 = Elastic member: Thread-like rubber cut into 45 cm length at an elongation rate of 300% and used for making diapers. Synthetic rubber 5R-45 (number/15) manufactured by Nippon Elastic Co., Ltd. 4 on one side The performance of the above examples and the above comparative examples was as shown in the following table.

For absorption tests in the lateral and supine positions, the test diaper was attached to a device that incorporated an artificial excretion mechanism into a human body model made with reference to the body shape of a bedridden elderly person, and the test diaper was tilted at an angle corresponding to the lateral and supine positions of a human body. Artificial urine was injected at a constant rate, and the amount absorbed until leakage occurred was measured. In addition, the numerical value showing the absorption amount test result shows the average of 5 times.

In addition, when wearing the diaper of the example.

As described in the section of the above-mentioned operation and as shown in FIG. 12, the line portion where the elastic member is located is located at the thigh root of the human model and is bent into an approximately Ω shape.

(Effects of the Invention) Since the diaper of the present invention has the above-described structure and function, it can be bent into an approximately Ω shape and pressed against the wearer's thigh base and thigh to provide a sufficient seal. Since it performs its function and maintains its condition stably, it can be used in either the lying or supine position, even if the wearer moves, or even when a relatively large amount of excrement is produced. However, leakage can be effectively prevented. Furthermore, even if there are individual differences in the physique and body shape of the wearer, the absorbent body can be given any size and shape to accommodate these differences and have the required absorption capacity. Therefore, it is particularly useful as a diaper for adults who excrete a larger amount of body fluid than infants and for adults such as bedridden elderly and sick people.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an assembled perspective view of a diaper according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway exploded plan view, FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway exploded plan view showing another embodiment, and FIG. The figure is the second
5, 6, and 7 are sectional views taken along the line 4-4 in FIG. 2, and FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along the line 4-4 in FIG. 9 is a developed plan view showing the embodiment, and FIG. 10 is a 1.0-
FIG. 11 is a partial enlarged sectional view taken along line 10; FIG.
FIG. 2 is a front view showing the diaper of the present invention in a worn state, and FIGS. 13 and 14 are developed plan views of a comparative diaper. 12...Top sheet 13...Back sheet 14
...Absorber 15a (b, c, d, e) - side sheet 16a (b,
c, d, e) - Elastic part Fig. 3 Fig. 4 Fig. 5 Fig. 6 Fig. 7 Fig. 9 Fig. 10 Fig. 11 Fig. 12 Fig. 13 Fig. 14

Claims (9)

[Claims] (1) It includes at least an absorbent body, a water-impermeable backsheet on which the absorbent body is placed, and a stretchable elastic part that is arranged in the length direction of the diaper at opposite positions in the width direction and forms gathers in the arranged part. In the disposable diaper, a central region of the upper part of the absorbent body is integrally connected to the widthwise opposite sides of the backsheet and is located at an opposite position of the upper part of the absorbent body and facing inward in the same direction from the widthwise opposite sides of the absorbent body. has an impermeable side sheet which is positioned so as not to be covered over a predetermined width and is fixed at the end in the length direction, the side sheet is provided with the stretchable elastic part on the inner side in the width direction, and the stretchable elastic part is fixed to the upper part of the absorbent body in its stretched state. (2) having a water-permeable top sheet that covers the top surface of the absorbent body and is joined to the backsheet at least at a peripheral edge, and the side sheet is located between the top surface of the absorbent body and the bottom surface of the top sheet; The diaper according to claim 1. (3) A water-permeable top sheet that covers the upper surface of the absorbent body and is joined to the back sheet at least at a peripheral edge, and the side sheet is located on the upper surface of the top sheet. The diaper described in Section 1. (4) The diaper according to claim 1, wherein the side sheets are provided by folding back widthwise opposite sides of the back sheet. (5) The diaper according to claim 1, wherein the side sheet is formed separately from the back sheet and is integrally joined thereto. (6) The diaper according to claim 1, wherein the absorbent body exists as a substantially integrated molded product whose upper surface is fixedly covered with a water-permeable sheet. (7) The opposing interval of the opposing side sheets or the width of the central region of the absorbent body not covered by the opposing side sheets is at least 50 mm, and the width between the inner edge and outer edge of each side sheet is at least 15 mm. The diaper according to claim 1. (8) The diaper according to claim 1, wherein the stretchable elastic portion is provided by an elastic member stretched over the side sheet. (9) The diaper according to claim 1, wherein the absorbent body is fixed to the backsheet and/or the topsheet.