JPS6124208A - Amorphous magnetic material with good magnetic properties - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an amorphous magnetic material mainly used as an iron core for electromagnetic equipment.

(Prior technology) Iron core materials used in electromagnetic equipment such as transformers and rotating machines are required to have good magnetic excitation characteristics and low iron loss, and excitation characteristics particularly require high magnetic flux density. be.

Silicon steel ribbon has traditionally been used as a material that satisfies these conditions, but in recent years, amorphous alloy ribbon has been manufactured by ultra-quenching from a liquid. It is attracting attention as an iron core material for transformers, etc. Such amorphous alloy ribbon has high electrical resistance and thin plate thickness, so it has excellent iron loss characteristics, and is 1.
Iron loss decreases to /2~115. However, the iron loss of the amorphous alloy ribbon is still higher than the theoretically required value, and various efforts are being made to further reduce the iron loss.

Needless to say, the magnetic properties of an amorphous alloy ribbon depend on its composition, and the saturation magnetization is determined, and the iron loss value is also determined by appropriate heat treatment.

However, on the other hand, it is known that magnetic properties are affected by the surface shape, and iron loss etc. are influenced by surface striped waves. Iron loss is separated into hysteresis loss and eddy current loss, and magnetic properties are An analysis has been made. For example, iron loss can be reduced by artificially scribing waves on the surface to subdivide the magnetic domains and reduce eddy current loss. However, there are problems with this method of improving magnetism.Although it is possible to reduce eddy current loss among iron losses, it is easily distorted by scribing, etc., resulting in large hysteresis loss, and total iron loss. is not much improved. As a countermeasure to this problem, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-6319 uses heat treatment to remove the distortion and prevent the increase in hysteresis loss, but such distortion cannot be completely eliminated. In addition to the above-mentioned disadvantages, such processing such as marking requires equipment for processing, leading to high costs. Therefore, it would be very preferable if good magnetic properties could be obtained without such treatment.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention provides a material that can reduce core loss without scribing the surface of an amorphous material.

That is, the present invention relates to an amorphous magnetic material characterized in that good magnetic properties are obtained by limiting the surface shape of the amorphous material.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The amorphous magnetic material of the present invention will be described in detail below.

The present invention is applied to an amorphous magnetic material used in a magnetic core. Magnetic iron cores are used in transformers used at commercial frequencies,
Includes the iron core of rotating machines, transformers used in high frequency ranges, and iron cores of rotating machines. Amorphous magnetic materials are generally made by spraying a high-temperature molten alloy onto a roll or the like and then rapidly cooling it. The surface shape of the amorphous material produced during this quenching process is determined, and materials with various surface roughness are produced. This may result in the formation of waves or striped waves.

Here, the striped waves of the present invention are about 0.5 cm on the surface of the amorphous material.
- Large and small roughness areas at ~10m pitch,
The strength of striped waves refers to the degree of the difference between the areas with large and small roughness as described above. The direction of the striped wave is expressed by the direction of periodic changes such as roughness.

Materials with striped waves generally exhibit low iron loss when excited in the longitudinal direction, and especially when iron loss is separated, it is clear that the eddy current loss is considerably reduced compared to materials with weak striped waves. It became. This is because the striped waves subdivide the magnetic domains of the material, and the strength of the striped waves can reduce eddy current loss, leading to a reduction in iron loss. Even if the direction of the striped waves is formed at a certain angle with respect to the length direction, 90
If the angle is not close to 0, the effect of magnetic domain refining will be achieved and it is within the scope of the present invention. The reduction of eddy current loss by this striped wave is effective not only at commercial frequencies, but also at high frequencies, it has an even greater effect on low iron loss.

The above-mentioned amorphous magnetic material with striped waves exhibits low core loss, but in order to be used as a magnetic material, in addition to this, it is preferable to have a high magnetic flux density, and for that purpose, a non-crystalline magnetic material is required. It is necessary that the surface roughness of the crystalline material is small.

In order to obtain good magnetic properties, the amorphous magnetic material of the present invention preferably has a completely amorphous structure, but even if it is partially crystallized, it has good magnetic properties and can be used as an iron core material for transformers. It doesn't matter if you can use it.

In the present invention, it is necessary to measure the surface shape.

In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, the strength R4 of the striped wave and its pitch P1 and surface roughness Rt are defined by a method in which the material is irradiated with light and its specularly reflected light is detected to measure its surface shape. That is, a material 2 is attached to a rotating roll 5 so that its length direction is in the circumferential direction, light 7 is applied to the material, and the specularly reflected light 8 is detected by a light receiver 3. Striped waves and surface roughness were measured by changing the power. The output waveform of the detection circuit is as shown in FIG. 5 in the case of a material in which striped waves are generated. As shown in the figure, let the DC and AC components be I, , I, , respectively, and calculate the output when all the reflected light is received. The strength of the striped waves
pp/Ia and surface roughness R4 were defined as 4F. The pitch of the striped wave can be measured by measuring the period of the alternating current component. Measurement [6] The light source can be of any type as long as it continuously emits constant light, but the light source that is incident on the material should be as close to parallel light as possible, and the spot size should be the same as the striped wave to be measured. It is necessary that the pitch is 1/2 or less of the pitch, and it is preferable that the pitch does not cause distortion or the like to the material and does not change the quality of the material. The incident angle may be any value as long as it does not adversely affect the measurement, but it is preferable that it be as close to perpendicular to the surface of the material as possible. Squeezing to receive specularly reflected light was performed using a 1.6×10 Sufjian.

In measuring such a surface shape, other methods may be used as long as they are compatible with the method described above.

For example, as shown in JIS BO601, if the center line average roughness Ra is measured with a cutoff value of 0.8 ex, it will be 0.
．． The strength of striped waves with a pitch of 8 tttn or more can be measured.

The striped wave in the present invention has the intensity and pitch of the striped wave as Ytf, the pitch P (wn), and the thickness of the material as t (
It is necessary to satisfy the condition given by the following formula for w++).

It represents the soundness, and the plate thickness is measured by the gravimetric method.

In FIG. 1, the vertical axis shows the eddy current loss (hereinafter referred to as We 13/Ok) at a magnetic flux density of 1.3 T and a frequency of 50, and the horizontal axis shows the degree of influence of striped waves. 515
It is clear that 0 is approximately proportional to the degree of influence of the striped wave.

Therefore, the degree of influence of the striped waves is preferably small in order to reduce eddy current loss. However, many of the products manufactured so far have a degree of influence of striped waves of 1.6 x 10' or more, so in order to achieve lower eddy current loss than conventional products, it is necessary to reduce the degree of influence of striped waves to 1. .6 x 10-3 or less.

On the other hand, when the degree of influence of the striped wave is small (in the figure, We
Although ls and Ao are also small, if the pitch is too small, the roughness of the entire surface and the striped waves cannot be distinguished, and it is considered that magnetic domain refinement will not occur. For this reason, Pt2//(0,5+Rf) needs to be equal to or greater than lX10-4. Furthermore, if a material with a higher magnetic flux density is required, it is necessary that R1/l be 2×10 or less depending on the roughness of the surface where the striped waves occur and the plate thickness. This is because, as shown in Figure 2, it is clear that the magnetic flux density (hereinafter referred to as flo, a) of an amorphous magnetic material under a magnetic field of 80 A/m deteriorates in proportion to R1/l. Density BO
To obtain 08, Rz/l must be 2×102.

As described above, the cotton-like waves on the surface of the amorphous magnetic material specified by the present invention reduce eddy current loss and iron loss. In order to generate such striped waves, an appropriate control method is required in the manufacturing method, but in the single roll method, the distance between the nozzle and the roll, the blowing pressure, the peripheral speed of the roll,
This is possible by controlling the pouring temperature. For example, if the pouring temperature is changed, a phenomenon similar to the third condition will occur, and if the pouring temperature is lowered, Rf will increase and the striped waves will become stronger. However, if the pouring temperature is lowered, the striped waves become stronger, but R7 becomes larger and the surface becomes rougher.
Since a decreases, in order to obtain low iron loss and high magnetic flux density, the pouring temperature should be set at 1270℃~j as shown in Figure 5.
By increasing the temperature range to 300°C, Rf is increased,
And R4′! il - It is possible to make it smaller. In this way, the optimal Rf + R6 can be selected depending on the pouring temperature, and products with low iron loss and high magnetic flux density can be realized.

When the amorphous magnetic material shown in the present invention is used as the iron core of a transformer or rotating machine, the reduction in iron loss will be reduced if the excitation direction is at a certain angle with the direction of the striped waves. It is preferable to use it in Further, in order to maximize the characteristics of the amorphous magnetic material of the present invention, it is preferable to perform annealing in a magnetic field in the same direction as the direction of the striped waves.

(Example) An example will be shown in which an alloy having a composition of Feao, s B12 Si7.5 (numbers indicate atomic percentages) was ultra-quenched by an all-single roll method. When manufacturing amorphous magnetic materials, the pouring temperature is 1340°C, 1280°C, and 1260°C.
The other two conditions were: nozzle-roll interval 0.13 m, blowing pressure 0.2 h/cm', nozzle slit interval 0.6 tPyR, and roll circumferential speed 23 m/cm.

In measuring the surface shape of amorphous magnetic materials, He-N
An e-laser was used as the light source, and the reflected light was detected by a phototransistor set at a distance of 15 m from the sample. The spot size of the laser beam is approximately 0.3 m, and the photo
The area of the light receiving surface of the transistor is o, 36J. The sample was mounted on a 100 mm diameter roll rotating at 10 revolutions per second.

After that, annealing was carried out at 375°C for 30 minutes in a magnetic field of 150 seconds at a frequency of 50 Hz and a magnetic flux density of 163T to measure the iron loss (hereinafter referred to as W15.AO), Bo, and k, as well as the total iron loss measurement with direct current. And the eddy current loss We
The results are shown in Table 1. A, B, and C are pouring temperature 1340
℃, the striped waves are weak, the pitch is large, and the material is outside the scope of the present invention; D, E, and F are for the case of 1260℃, the striped waves are strong, the pitch is small, and the material is outside the scope of the present invention. The material of (1), G, H, and I are at 1280°C, have strong striped waves and small pitch, and have small surface roughness, which corresponds to the M range (2) of the present invention. It is a material that Materials A, B, and C have weak striped waves, large pitches, iron loss W1Vf3a of 100 m or more, and among them, eddy current loss We13/45n is 46 to 69 m-A. On the other hand, materials D, E, and F have strong striped waves, small pitches, and iron loss W13/'i0 of 65 to 80.
mWA9, eddy current loss We 15/sO is 22-37mv
It is IAg. However.

Since the materials E and F have RL/l above 2xlOLa, B O and B are 1.5T or less. On the other hand, G
, )(,I material is P t2/(0,5+ RO is 1.
6810-' or less and RJt is 2x10 or less, so 13o, a is 1.53T or more, W1
3/! jo shows a high magnetic flux density of 80 m WAI and low iron loss.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, the amorphous magnetic material of the present invention exhibits low core loss or low core loss and high magnetic flux density, and is excellent as a magnetic core material. Further, since the present invention is obtained from the surface shape, it will not be damaged by heat treatment unlike in the case of marking. Further, the amorphous magnetic material of the present invention has extremely high practical value since it does not require any separate equipment for processing such as marking.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 shows the relationship between the influence of striped waves and eddy current loss, and Figure 2 shows the relationship between the surface roughness R/ and the plate thickness t of the amorphous magnetic material.
A diagram showing the relationship between the magnetic flux density BO,11 at a magnetic field strength of 80 A/m, Figure 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the manufacturing melt pouring temperature, the strength of striped waves, and the surface roughness, and Figure 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the manufacturing melting temperature and the strength of striped waves and surface roughness. This is an explanatory diagram of a device for measuring striped waves and surface roughness on the surface of a highly magnetic material, in which 1 is a He-Ne laser, 2 is a sample whose surface shape is to be measured, and 7 is a device that comes out of the mount M1 and goes to sample 2. Incident laser light, 8
is the reflected light reflected from the surface of the sample 2, 3 is a light receiver that receives the reflected light, 4 is a detection circuit that converts the received reflected light into an electrical signal and outputs it as a voltage, and 5 is the one that sets the sample. 5 is a diagram showing the voltage waveform output from the detection circuit 4. The roll 6 is a motor that rotates the roll at a constant rotation speed.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) An amorphous magnetic material having good magnetic properties, characterized in that the striped waves on the surface of the amorphous magnetic material satisfy the conditions given by the following equation. 1×10^-^4<[P_t^2/(0.5+R_f)
]<1.6×10^-^3 where P is the pitch of the striped wave (
mm), t is the plate thickness (mm), and R_f is the strength of the striped wave. (2) An amorphous magnetic material having good magnetic properties, characterized in that the striped waves and roughness of the surface of the amorphous magnetic material satisfy the conditions given by the following formula. 1×10^-^4<[P_t^2/(0.5+R_f)
]<1.6×10^-^3, R_l/t<2×10^2
Here, P, t, and R_f have the above-mentioned meanings, and R_l indicates surface roughness.