JPS61238095A - Musical score information conversion method and musical sound reproduction device using this conversion method - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention "Industrial Application Field" This invention relates to musical score information used when, for example, musical score information is superimposed on a television signal and transmitted, and the receiving side plays music separately from the television image. The present invention relates to a conversion method and a musical tone reproduction device using this conversion method.

``Prior art'' The conventional musical tone information transmission method involves converting musical tone information into a digital signal in real time using an A/D converter, transmitting this digital signal by wire or wirelessly, and converting it back into an analog signal on the receiving side. A common method is to reproduce the original musical tone information. As a recording method, musical tone information is converted into a digital signal, this digital signal is recorded on a storage medium, and then this is read out and decoded into an analog signal to reproduce the musical tone information.

Regardless of the method used, conventionally the musical tone signal is A/D converted into a digital signal and then either transmitted or recorded on a storage medium, so the time required for transmission or storage is short. The time is exactly the same as the length of analog information.

As a result, there is a disadvantage that information cannot be transmitted in a shorter time than the actual analog information.

Further, according to the conventional method, if noise is mixed in the transmission line or the continuous output system from the storage medium, the influence of the noise directly deteriorates the sound quality.

In addition, particularly in the case of musical tone information, the method involves A/D conversion, transmission, or storage of information that includes all information from high to low notes, so the amount of information contained at each instant is relatively large. Become. As a result, there are disadvantages in that transmission takes time and the occupied bandwidth required for transmission is relatively wide. Furthermore, when recording on a storage medium, the number of bits of the digital signal increases, so there is also the disadvantage that the storage medium needs to have a large capacity.

In order to eliminate such inconveniences, the present applicant and others previously proposed a musical tone information transmission system in Japanese Patent Application No. 56-209648 J. This musical tone information transmission method is different from the method of A/D converting sounds, and is a method in which a musical score for playing music is converted into digital codes, and this musical score information is divided into each part and transmitted.

In other words, when a wireless transmission method is adopted, a musical score symbol converting device 101 is provided in the transmitting device 100 as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, this musical score symbol conversion device 101 converts each symbol 601, 602, 603 of a musical score for playing music.
, 604-...--612 into predetermined digital codes. In the musical score symbol conversion device 101, the order of conversion into digital codes is performed for each part. In other words, staff A shown in FIG. 5 is the treble part, and staff B is the bass part.

In this example, the melody is played by the treble part shown on staff A, and the rhythm, or accompaniment, is played by the bass part shown on staff B. This example shows two parts, but in reality, depending on the song to be played, the number of staves corresponding to the number of instruments used in that song or the number of chorus parts is prepared, and the notes on each staff are Symbol 601, 6
02.603...---...- are converted into digital codes in order from the beginning. That is, once all staffs A have been converted into digital codes, staff B is then converted into digital codes from the beginning, and this is repeated for the number of parts.

FIG. 6 shows an example of musical score information. The meaning of each symbol in the score information is as follows.

SOT: Identification code indicating the beginning of the song, DLG:
Identification code indicating the byte length of song data, TMP: Identification code specifying the tempo of the song, 5OCI to 5OC1
62 Start code of each part, 5TI-5T16: Note information of each part, STP: Pitch part of note information, STL: Length part of note information, INS: Specification code of instrument sound, EOC: End code of part , EOT: Identification code indicating the end of a piece of music. The musical score information converting device 101 shown in FIG. 4 can have a structure similar to, for example, a keyboard instrument, and sequentially converts musical score symbols into digital signals by operating the keyboard. This sheet music information conversion bag W101
The digital signals outputted from the memory 102 are converted into parallel 8-bit signals, for example, and stored in the memory 102. Memory 102
The musical score information stored in is read out as necessary, converted into a serial signal by a parallel-to-serial converter 103, and further added with an error correction code by an error correction code addition circuit 104 as necessary, and sent to a wireless transmission means 105. For example, the signal is inserted into the vertical retrace period of the television signal and transmitted from the antenna 106 on radio waves.

In the receiving device 200, an antenna 201 receives a radio wave with musical score information, a demodulation circuit 202 demodulates it, an error correction circuit 203 performs error correction processing, and a microcomputer 2
04 to the main storage device 205. In this case, the signals written from the microcomputer 204 to the main storage device 205 are converted into parallel signals and then written.

As shown in FIG. 7, the main storage device 205 has storage areas MI+ Mz, M3+ M4-'--... for each part.
-Ml, is provided, and the musical score information sent from the transmitting side 100 is stored in a storage area for each part, L, ? h, M*-・
-・Stored in Ml6.

The musical score information taken into the main storage device 205 is sequentially read out in parallel for each part by the microcomputer 204 from the first address. In other words, each storage area is 2Mz, L
...-...-Ml, is read out sequentially, and when the start addresses of all storage areas, ~M, are read out, the second address is read out for each storage area. .

In this way, the information of each part is read out in a time-division manner, and musical tone generation circuits 206A to 206P are assigned to each part.
sent to.

The musical tone generation circuits 206A to 206P each receive musical score information for each part, decode the musical score information, and convert it into a musical tone signal having the timbre of each part.

In this way, each musical tone signal conversion circuit 206A to 206P
A musical tone signal is output from the mixer 2 according to the musical score information.
After being synthesized in step 07, the signals are amplified in a low frequency amplifier 208 and emitted as sound from a speaker 209.

By using this method of transmitting musical score information and converting it into musical sound signals, the time required to transmit musical score information can be transmitted in a much shorter time than the actual performance time of the piece. Therefore, a large amount of musical tone information can be transmitted in a short period of time. Furthermore, when storing the music on a recording medium, there is an advantage that a large number of songs can be stored in a memory with a small capacity.

``Problems to be Solved by the Invention'' By the way, according to the above-described musical sound reproduction device, the musical piece to be reproduced on the receiving side is reproduced according to the musical score information that is sent. For this reason, if the musical score symbol conversion device 101 converts the musical score into digital codes, if the display of the musical score is directly converted into digital codes, the music played on the receiving side will be a performance that is faithful to the musical score. In other words, the inconvenience arises that the performance becomes mechanical and expressionless without the addition of artificial performance techniques.

For this reason, when converting musical scores into digital codes, it is only necessary to add artificial performance techniques into the conversion process, but when such a conversion process is performed, the conversion process is complicated. Not practical.

In other words, it is necessary to perform the conversion work by specifying the timing of the generation of each note, which is unique to the performer.

"Means for Solving the Problem" In the method of converting musical scores into digital codes and transmitting them, the present invention includes a first code for starting control to shift the sound generation timing earlier or later than the regular timing, and a first code for starting control to shift the sound generation timing earlier or later than the regular timing, and By adding and transmitting a second code that ends the control to shift the signal, and detecting the first code on the receiving side,
The generation timing of the sound to be reproduced is controlled to be shifted from the normal timing, and this control is terminated by detecting the second code, and by this control, it is possible to add an expression similar to an artificial performance. This is what I did.

According to this invention, there is no need to shift the timing of sound generation for each piece of musical score data, so it is possible to create songs with artificial expressions without having to take much effort when converting musical scores into digital codes. can be reproduced.

"Embodiment" FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the musical score conversion method according to the present invention. FIGS. 1A, B, and C show musical score information obtained by converting the musical scores of the first part 5oct, the second part 5OC2, and the third part 5OC3 into digital codes. In the figure, DLL,
DL2 and DL3 indicate codes for performing control to delay the reproduced sound from the normal timing. This example shows a case where the delay time is set in three stages. In other words, DL
I is the first delay control code, OL2 is the second delay control code, D
L3 is the third delay control code.

These first. Second. Third delay control code DL 1 , D
L2°DL3 is defined such that the delay time is increased stepwise from the normal timing, for example, in the order of 0.1 milliseconds, 0.2 milliseconds, and 0.3 milliseconds.

In the figure, FWI, FW2, and FW3 each indicate a control code for advancing the sound generation timing from the normal generation timing. This control code is also FWI, Fl.

For example, in the order of FW3, the time is specified to advance by 0.1 milliseconds, 0.2 milliseconds, and 0.3 milliseconds from the normal timing, so that the time becomes a stepwise larger value.

In the figure, KiJ indicates a release command code for canceling the control state based on these control codes.

The illustrated example shows a state in which the delay control code DLL is inserted before the bar S1 in the musical score information of the first part 5OCI, and the release command code KIJ is inserted after the bar St.

In this way, the delay control code DLI and the release command code KIJ
By inserting , the sound from measure S to S2 is reproduced so that the sound generation timing is delayed by, for example, 0.1 milliseconds from the normal timing.

Next, in the diagram, move forward to measure S and go to 1N! 11 code FWI is inserted and a release command code KIJ is inserted after bar S4. By inserting the advance control code FWI and the release command code KIJ in this way, the sequence is changed from measure S to S4.
Until then, the sound generation timing is advanced by, for example, 0.1 milliseconds from the normal timing, and the sound is reproduced.

In this way, the other parts 5OC2 and 5OC3 also have the delay control code DL2. DL3 and advance control code F2. FW3
By inserting a cancellation command code KIJ after that, it is possible to control the measure to which that control code is attached so that the sound generation timing is advanced or delayed according to the control code.

These delay control codes DLI, DL2, DL3 and advance control codes FWI, FW2 . The insertion point of FW3 can be determined based on, for example, the performance of a talented musician or orchestra.

FIG. 2 shows a musical sound reproducing device using the musical score conversion method according to the present invention. In the figure, 201 is a receiving antenna, 202 is a demodulation circuit, 203 is an error correction processing circuit, 204 is a microcomputer, and 205 is a storage device for storing musical score data. Main storage device, 206A to 206P are musical tone signal generation circuits for each part, 207 is a mixer, 208 is a low frequency amplifier,
209 each indicates a speaker.

The musical tone reproduction device according to the present invention includes each musical tone signal generating circuit 20.
Clock pulse frequency to change the frequency of clock pulse in the clock pulse supply route given 6a to 206p 211a, 2118.211c, - ・ - ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ --111
P is provided, and this clock frequency variable means 211A, 2
118. The frequency of the clock pulse given to the musical tone signal generation circuits 206A to 206P by 211C--211P is the control code DLL.

DL2. DL3 and FW1, FW2, FW3
The frequency of the clock pulse is changed by the frequency of the clock pulse, so that the generation timing of the musical tone signal generated from the musical tone signal generating circuits 206A to 206P is shifted from the normal timing.

In this embodiment, the clock pulse frequency variable means 211^
211P is configured by a variable frequency divider.

As the variable frequency divider, for example, a Brisev counter can be used. For example, when using a decimal preset counter, if the tone length STL of a quarter note is 160, by presetting rl 60J during normal operation, the clock pulse CP sent from the microcomputer 204 can be reduced to 1/160. The signal is divided into frequencies and applied to musical tone signal generation circuits 206A to 206P. If the frequency of the clock pulse CP is, for example, 10 KHz, the frequency of the clock pulse applied to the musical tone signal generating circuits 206A to 206P is 62.5 Hz, and the timing of generating the quarter note musical tone signal is every 16 milliseconds. The note length part ST of the note information is sent to the preset counter via the pass line 212.
L and control codes DLI, DL2゜DL3 and FWI, F
W2. FW3 and the note length part STL control code OLI~DL3, F141~FW of these note information.
A value of 3 is preset in the preset counter, and the frequency division ratio is controlled to change according to this preset value.

In other words, the control code DLI has the numerical value "1" as control information, and the control code DL2 has the numerical value "2",
Assuming that DL3 has the numerical value "3", the numerical value "160" of the note length part STL of the quarter note note information and the control code D
If LI is preset in the preset counter constituting the variable frequency divider 211A, the preset value of the preset counter is changed to "16↓". By changing the preset value of the preset counter to rl 61J, the division ratio of the 1000-decimal preset counter becomes 1/1.
Changes to 61.

Therefore, the frequency division ratio of 1/160 in steady state becomes 1/161
The frequency of the clock pulse given to the musical tone signal generation circuit 206A changes from the frequency division ratio of 1/160 to 1/16.
The frequency divided by a frequency division ratio of 1 changes to 10KH2/161 62.11Hz, and the quarter note musical sound signal generation timing becomes 16°1 millisecond, making the musical sound signal generation timing 0.1 millimeter from the normal state. There will be a second delay.

In addition, the note length part STL and control code DL of the note information of the quarter note
2 is preset in the preset counter 211A, the precent value of the preset counter 211A changes to r162J, and the frequency division ratio changes to 1/162. By changing the frequency division ratio of 0 to 1/162, the frequency of the clock pulse changes. is l0KH2/162 # 61.73H
2, and the musical tone signal generation timing of the musical tone signal generation circuit 206A is delayed by 0.2 milliseconds from the normal timing.

Furthermore, when the note length part STL and control code DL3 of the quarter note note information are preset in the preset counter 211A, the precent counter 211A contains the numerical value r163J.
is preset. As a result, the frequency division ratio of the preset counter 211A changes to 1/163, and the clock frequency becomes 10 KHz/163 #61.35 Hz, which is about 0.3 milliseconds behind the normal timing.

One-way control code FW1. FW2. Assuming that FW3 has r-IJ r-2J r-3J as control values, these control codes FWI, FW2, F
When W3 is preset to the preset counter 211^, the frequency division ratio of the preset counter 211A changes from the steady state of 17160 to 1/159, 1/158, and 1/1.
Changes to 57. As a result, the frequency of the clock pulse given to the musical tone signal generation circuit 206A is 10KHz/15
9 # 62.89t(z, 10KHz/158”
l 63.29H2, 10KHz/157”+63
．． 691 (z), and a musical tone signal is generated at a timing that is advanced by 0.1 milliseconds from the signal generation timing in the steady state.

In either case, this is performed only for the note information following the control code. In other words, the result of this control is as shown in FIG. FIG. 3A is an uncontrolled state. FIG. 3B shows the sound generation timing when the control is performed. In other words, if the control code FWI is given to the note information to be produced at timing Tt, the note to be produced at T2 will be produced with a shift of T2'', and each subsequent note will be produced with a shift forward by Δt. If the control end command code KIJ is attached to the note information of a sound to be produced at timing T, then this sound will be produced at the regular timing T@, and the following sounds will be returned to the regular timing.

The end command code KIJ has, for example, the previous delay control value or advance control value as a control value, and the preset counter 211A subtracts this control value from the value r160J of the note length section STL of the note information in the case of a quarter note. ~211P, the frequency division ratio of each preset counter is 1.
/160- (delay control value or advance control value), and the steady state is returned from the next note information.

“Effects of the Invention” As described above, according to the musical score information conversion method according to the present invention, predetermined control codes DL L”, DL 2 , D
By inserting L 3 and 11, FW2, and FW3 before the data of the measure where you want to speed up or delay the timing of musical sound generation, it is possible to control the advance timing and delay timing of the data of the measures that follow. . Then, the control state can be canceled by the termination code KIJ. Therefore, the conversion work can be much simpler than when converting a musical score into digital codes while providing advance or delay timing with respect to each negative sign of the musical score.

Moreover, by the simple operation of adding control codes in this way, it is possible to reproduce music with artificial expressions, and the effect is extremely great in practical use.

"Modified Embodiment of the Invention" In the above description, the clock pulse frequency variable means 211A to 2
Although the case where a preset counter is used as 1LP has been described, for example, control codes DLL, DL2. DL3 and FWI
, FW2. It is configured by a combination of a D/A converter that converts the digital value of FW3 into an analog voltage, and a voltage controlled oscillator whose oscillation frequency is controlled by the analog voltage converted by this D/A converter. may be attached to each of the musical tone signal generating circuits 206A to 206P, and the operation timing of each of the musical tone signal generating circuits 206A to 206P may be controlled by the output signal of the voltage controlled oscillator.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the musical score conversion method according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram for explaining a musical sound reproduction device using the musical score conversion method, and FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the sound generation timing at the regular timing. 4 is a block diagram to explain the entire score information transmission device, FIG. 5 is a diagram to explain the score information conversion method, and FIG. 6 is a timing chart to explain the shifted state. FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the format of musical score information, and is a diagram for explaining the internal structure of a main storage device used in a receiving device of a musical score information transmission device. DLI, DL2, DL3: delay control code, F
WI, FA2゜FA3: Advance control code, KIJ: Control release code, 201: Receiving antenna, 202: Demodulation circuit, 2
03: Error correction processing circuit, 204: Microcomputer, 205: Main memory, 206A to 206P: Musical tone generation circuit, 207: Mixer, 20th: Low frequency amplifier,
209: Speaker, 211A to 211P: Clock frequency variable means, 212: Bus line.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) In a musical sound reproduction method that converts a musical score into digital code and decodes this digitally encoded musical score information to reproduce musical sound signals, the timing of sound generation is determined according to the digitally encoded musical score information as necessary. A music score information conversion method that adds a first code for starting control to shift the timing of a musical score forward or backward from a normal timing, and a second code for ending this control. (2) In a musical sound reproduction method that converts a musical score into a digital code and decodes this digitally encoded musical score information to reproduce a musical tone signal, the timing of sound generation is added to the digitally encoded musical score information as necessary. a first code that starts control to shift the timing forward or backward from the normal timing;
By adding a second code that terminates the control and detecting this first code during playback, control is performed to shift the sound generation timing forward or backward from the normal timing, and by detecting the second code, the control is performed. A musical sound reproducing apparatus using the musical score information conversion method according to claim 1, which is configured to terminate the musical score information conversion method.