JPS61210705A - Diversity antenna system of automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve a sensitivity characteristic and a directivity characteristic of the titled system and to use the system for various typed of information communicating equipment by utilizing the antenna provided at a side window glass and either of the antenna provided to a front window glass, a rear window glass or the side window glass as the selecting antenna of the diversity antenna. CONSTITUTION:Either of antennas 14a and/or 14b provided at a side window glass 11a, and either of the antenna provided at a front window glass, a rear window glass or a side window glass, for example, the antennas 14a and/or 14b provided at a side window glass 11b and an antenna 16a provided at a rear window glass 13 are respectively used as the selecting antennas of the diversity antenna. An antenna conductor to constitute an antenna 15a of the front window glass has a high gain for both a VHF and UHF television broadcasting wave bands, and may be made into the pattern so as to work on both VHF and UHF broadcasting wave band. FM and/or AM broadcasting receiving patterns may be added.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION "Field of Industrial Application" The present invention relates to a diversity antenna device most suitable for being mounted on a vehicle.

As a TV receiving antenna device installed in a car, a moving TV image may fluctuate due to direct reception of fading due to so-called standing waves, which is the interference between direct waves from the transmitting antenna and reflected waves from buildings, mountains, the ground, etc. A phenomenon in which the image is out of synchronization and becomes very difficult to see; A phenomenon in which poor reception occurs when the antenna is placed at the trough of a standing wave even when the car is stationary; It is required that the ghost phenomenon that appears double and the so-called flutter phenomenon in which Ghost I roughly moves with time is reduced, and that it is small and lightweight and easy to carry in a car.

As an improved television receiving antenna device for use in a vehicle in this respect, as shown in FIG. Such two antennas 1.2
Space ties using space ties - Antenna devices for city reception are known. However, this type of antenna has a poor appearance and is dangerous because the two antennas 1 and 2, which are made up of several elements, protrude from the top of the vehicle body 3. However, they also generate wind noise when driving at high speeds, are easily damaged by tampering when parked, can get caught in garages, and are expensive. .

On the other hand, with the advent of a highly information-oriented society, access to various types of information via communication media has become necessary at any time and place. These social demands are not unrelated to automobiles as moving spaces, and modern automobiles such as passenger cars are equipped with not only radio broadcast receivers and television broadcast receivers, but also car telephones and personal radios. There is a growing trend to invite various types of information and communication equipment.

[Object of the Invention] The present invention does not have the drawbacks of the TV reception antenna device mounted on a car as described in "-", and also eliminates the TV flutter phenomenon and T.
V Goose 1--: To provide an antenna device for a television receiver mounted on a car that has improved sensitivity characteristics and directivity characteristics with improved Lunar Path noise, etc., and also to provide an antenna device that can be used in various information communication devices. The aim is to provide.

[Structure of the Invention] The present invention was invented as a result of studies on the above object, and the gist thereof is to provide at least one antenna provided on a side window glass of an automobile, a front window glass, and a rear window glass of an automobile. At least one antenna provided on at least one of the side window glass, which is located at a different location from the window glass, or the side window glass described in "2," and connected to at least two of the antennas and taken out from the antenna. An automobile die characterized by having a switching circuit for selectively selecting a received signal, <-
This invention relates to a city antenna device.

[Explanation of Examples] Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to the drawings.

2 to 12 are schematic plan views of an automobile incorporating an antenna device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 13 is a circuit diagram showing the overall configuration of the embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 10 is a car, +1. lla and Ilb are side window glass, 12 is front window glass, 13 is rear window glass, 1
4, 14a, 14b are antennas provided on the side window glass, 15, 15a, 15b are antennas provided on the front window glass, IEI, lea, 1E
lb indicates an antenna provided on the rear window glass, and 17 indicates a feeding point for connecting an antenna feeder line to the antenna.

In the present invention, the side window glass 11 may be provided with one antenna, two independent antennas, or three or more independent antennas.

lla in Figure 2, lla, llb in Figure 3, 11a in Figure 5, lla in Figure 6, 11a in Figure 8, 11
This is an example of the window glass shown in Fig.
Figure c7) lla, llb, 11a in Figure 7, c in Figure 9
7) lla, Figure 10 c7) lla, lla in Figure 12
, llb is an example of a side window glass provided with two antennas +4a and 14b. There are various types of side window glass in automobiles, such as the front door, rear door, rear side, and opera lights.Although it can be installed on any side window glass, it is important that the antenna on the side window glass is always activated. 1- It is preferable to provide the side window glass that does not open and close downward, that is, the fixed type rear side 1, the hinged type rear side, or the opera light.

The antenna patterns of the antennas 14a and 14b provided on the side window glasses Ila and llb are determined to have the optimum gain, omnidirectionality or desired directivity as antennas depending on the shape of the car, the dimensions and shape of the glass plate, etc., especially for television broadcasting. A pattern is selected that provides omnidirectional or desired directivity and sufficient gain when receiving radio waves in the frequency band and, if necessary, in the FM and/or AM radio broadcasting frequency band. This side window glass antenna +4
It is particularly preferable that a and 14b be provided at predetermined positions of the side window crow 11 as a combination of linear and band-shaped elements. This side window glass antenna +
The antenna conductors composing 4a and +4b have high gain for both VHF and UHF television broadcast waves,
The antenna conductor may be patterned so as to co-operate with both VHF and UHF television broadcast waves, or the antenna conductor may be divided into a part that mainly receives VHF television broadcast waves and a part that mainly receives UHF television broadcast waves. The pattern may be such that both UHF TV broadcast waves are received, or the part that receives VHF and UHF TV broadcast waves and the V
The pattern may be divided into a part that mainly receives HF broadcast waves and a part that receives both VHF and UHF broadcast waves. Furthermore, the antenna conductor allows FM and/or A
In order to suitably receive the M radio broadcasting frequency band, the two patterns can be used together.
A pattern for receiving FM and/or AM broadcasting may be added.

In addition, at least one of the antennas provided on the side window glass is used for receiving AM radio broadcasts, for receiving FM radio broadcasts, for receiving AM-FM radio broadcasts, for receiving and/or transmitting car telephone calls, for receiving and/or transmitting personal radio broadcasts. It may be installed as an antenna for transmitting, etc., and used exclusively for that purpose.

Further, in the present invention, the Freon 1 window glass 12 may be provided with one antenna, two independent antennas, or three or more independent antennas. good. 12 in Figures 5 and 11 is 1
Freon with two antennas 15a; ・It is on the window glass side, 12 in Figure 6.7 is two antennas + 5a, 15
Al in the example of Freon 1 window glass with b.

In addition, in the present invention, the antenna pattern of the antennas 15a and 15b provided on the Freon 1 window glass 12 of a car is determined by the optimum gain, omnidirectionality, or desired directivity as the antenna depending on the size of the car, the size and shape of the glass plate, etc. frequency, especially television broadcasting frequency bands, and if necessary, FM
And/or a pattern is selected that provides omnidirectional or desired directivity and sufficient gain when receiving radio waves in the AM radio broadcasting frequency band. In addition, the antenna installed on the front window glass shows a high gain in the part where the directivity of the antenna installed on the side window glass or the antenna installed on the rear window glass (described later) decreases. The pattern may be designed to have a directional characteristic that complements the performance of the antenna provided in the antenna.

The antenna conductors constituting the windshield antennas 15a and 15b have a high gain for both VHF and UHF television broadcast waves, and are patterned to co-operate with both VHF and UHF television broadcast wave bands. Alternatively, the antenna conductor may be divided into a part that mainly receives VHF TV broadcast waves and a part that mainly passively receives UHF TV waves, and the antenna conductor can be patterned to receive both VHF and U) IF child TV transmission waves. You can also use VHF and UH.
It is also possible to create a pattern in which it is divided into a part that receives F TV broadcast waves and a part that mainly receives VHF broadcast waves, and receives both VHF and UHF broadcast waves. In addition, the antenna conductor may also be configured to use the pattern described in 1- above so that the FM and/or AM radio broadcasting frequency band can also be suitably received. You may also add a pattern.

For example, as shown in Figure 5, a car's Freon I/window glass board 1
The antenna 15a may have a pattern in which one vertically extending antenna wire is provided in the center of the fluorocarbon I/window glass plate 12 as shown in FIG. The antenna 15b may have a pattern in which the antenna +5a is provided with an antenna line extending perpendicularly to the side of the front window crow 12, or the antenna 15b may be provided with an antenna line extending perpendicularly to the side of the front window crow 12, or as shown in FIG. The antenna 15a may have a pattern in which two antenna wires are provided extending perpendicularly to the front window glass 12, and the antenna 15b is provided with antenna wires extending perpendicularly to the side portions of the front window glass 12. The antenna 15a has a pattern in which two symmetrical L-shaped antenna wires are provided on the front window glass 12 as shown in FIG.
It may be.

In the case of a windshield antenna, a band-shaped part provided within 100 Illff1 from the outer periphery of the front window opening and 1165 mm symmetrically to the center line of the windshield so as not to obstruct the driver's forward vision. It is preferable to provide an antenna wire (the wire diameter is 0.25 mm or less, and the number of antenna wires is 2 or less for each part) inside.

Note that at least one of the antennas provided on the windshield is used for receiving AM radio broadcasts, for receiving FM radio broadcasts, for receiving AM-FM radio broadcasts, for receiving and/or making car phone calls, for receiving and/or making personal radio broadcasts. It may also be used as an antenna for transmitting, etc., and used exclusively for that purpose.

Further, in the present invention, the rear window crow 13 may be provided with one antenna, two independent antennas, or three or more independent antennas. .

13 in FIG. 8.9.12 is an example of a rear window glass provided with one antenna [Ba], and 13 in FIG. 10 is an example of a rear window glass provided with two antennas 16a and IBb.

In addition, in the present invention, the antenna patterns of the antennas lea and lBb provided on the rear window glass 13 of the automobile may have the optimum gain, omnidirectionality, or desired directivity as the antenna depending on the shape of the automobile, the dimensions and shape of the glass plate, etc. , especially the television broadcasting frequency band, and if necessary, F
A pattern is selected that provides omnidirectional or desired directivity and sufficient gain when receiving radio waves in the M and/or AM radio broadcasting frequency bands. This one antenna installed on the rear window glass is particularly important for the antenna installed on the rear window glass.
That is, it is preferable to provide a combination of linear elements on the upper part of the glass when it is fitted into an automobile window. The antenna conductor constituting the antenna tea, 16b has a high gain for both VHF and UHF television broadcast waves, and may have a pattern that co-operates with both VHF and UHF television broadcast waves. Alternatively, the antenna conductor may be divided into a part that mainly receives VHF TV broadcast waves and a part that mainly receives UHF TV broadcast waves, and the antenna conductor may be patterned to receive both VHF and UHF TV broadcast waves. UH
It is also possible to create a pattern in which it is divided into a part that receives F TV broadcast waves and a part that mainly receives VHF broadcast waves, and receives both VHF and UHF broadcast waves. In addition, the antenna conductor may also use the above pattern so that it can suitably receive FM and/or AM radio broadcast frequency bands, or it may also have a pattern for receiving FM and/or AM broadcasts. P.S. 11 may be added. In addition, at least one of the antennas installed on the rear window glass can be used for receiving AM radio broadcasts, for receiving FM radio broadcasts, for receiving AM-FM radio broadcasts, for receiving and/or making car telephone calls, for personal radio reception, and for receiving AM-FM radio broadcasts. /Or it may be designed as an antenna for transmitting, etc., and used exclusively for that purpose.

The pattern of the antenna conductor of the antenna 1Eia and IBb on the rear window glass is a symmetrical linear element as shown in the upper part of the electric heating heater for defogging the rear window glass 13 of the automobile shown in FIG. Alternatively, as shown in Figure 8.9.12, it may be a combination of multiple linear elements that are asymmetrical with respect to the longitudinal center line of the vehicle. antenna conductor.

In the present invention, an energizing heater for defogging can be provided below the antenna lea on the upper part of the rear window glass 13. For example, as shown in Figs. 8 to 10.12, this defogging electric heating heater 18 is a line i10 formed approximately parallel to the rear window glass with an interval of 2 cm to 4 CI11 in the lateral direction of LL. .5mm~
A cloudy screen having a large number of heater wires 18 of about 2 mm, a bus bar 20 connected to the heater wires for supplying power to the group of heater wires 18, and a terminal 21 for connecting a power lead wire to the bus bar 20. Electric heating heater for removal [8] is given as a typical example, but the present invention is of course not limited to these.

The positional relationship between the energizing heater for defogging (1) provided on the rear window glass and the antenna is such that the energizing heater for defogging does not affect the antenna in terms of direct current or high frequency. They may be separated by a sufficient distance, for example, 2 cm or more, or the energizing heater for removal may be actively used to improve the desired directivity or gain of television broadcast waves, or to improve the gain of radio broadcast waves. For example, the antenna and the energizing heater for defogging are placed close to each other so that the antenna can be used, for example, -□1 o, tcj++J ~1. Arranged at intervals of ocm,
The antenna 16 may be connected to a high frequency, or the antenna 16 may be connected to an energizing heater 18 for defogging. In the example shown in Figure 8.10, the antenna lea
, 16b and the energizing heating heater 18 for defogging are connected to 2c.
This is an example of a type in which they are spaced apart by m to 5 cm.

The example shown in FIG.
and antenna lea are placed close to each other with a spacing of 0.1 cm to 1.0 cm to obtain a gain direction for TV broadcast waves and/or radio broadcast waves, or for TV broadcast waves and/or FM broadcast waves. This is an example in which a defogging current heater is used as a part of the antenna in order to obtain the desired directivity for the antenna. 12th
In the example shown in the figure, the defogging energizing heater 18 and the antenna IEta provided above are connected in a direct current manner so that the gain and directivity for television broadcast and/or radio broadcast waves are symmetrical. This is an example of a glass antenna. In this case, when used for AM, it is necessary to add a choke Co11 to each of the electric 1#-1sLF wires of the defogging energizing heater 18.

The conductive antenna conductor constituting the antenna provided on the side window glass, front window glass, rear window glass, etc. in the present invention is made of a conductive metal powder (for example, silver), a low-melting glass frit, a vehicle, and other desired components. Examples include printed wires formed by mixing and suspending a conductive paste in a predetermined pattern on a glass surface, firing, and further plating if necessary, or thin conductive metal wires. When using this conductive metal wire, the metal wire is wired on the surface of the laminated interlayer film, and the wire is sandwiched between two glass plates and used as a laminated glass.

In particular, in the case of a windshield antenna, as mentioned above, the antenna conductor is
．． In the present invention, a laminated glass type windshield antenna is manufactured by using thin metal wires of 25 mm or less, wiring them to a laminated interlayer film, and sandwiching them between two glass plates. At least one antenna provided on the front window glass, at least one antenna provided on at least one of the rear window glass and the side window glass is used as a selection antenna of the diversity antenna. Second
In the example shown in the figure, the antenna 14a provided on the side window glass Ila, and the antenna 14a and/or 14b provided on the side window crow Antenna 1 installed in
4a and the antenna 14 installed on the side window glass llb
In the example shown in FIG. 4, the side window glass ll
The antenna 14a and/or 14b provided on the side window glass llb and the antenna 14a and/or 14b provided on the side window glass llb.
In the example shown in FIG. 5, the antenna 15a provided on the front window glass 12 and the antenna 14a provided on the side 1ζ window glass 11a, and in the example shown in FIG. The antenna 15a and/or x5b provided on the window glass 12, -, i>- (the antenna 14a provided on the window glass lla, and in the example shown in FIG. In the example shown in FIG. 8, the antenna +5a and/or 15b provided on the side window glass Ila and the antenna 14a and/or +4b provided on the side window glass Ila are also connected to the antenna +4a provided on the side window glass Ila and the antenna +4a provided on the side window glass Ila. 13, and in the example shown in FIG. 9, the antenna 14a and/or +4 provided on the side window glass lla
b, and in the example shown in FIG. 10, the side window crow l
The antenna 14a and/or 14b provided on the side window glass Ila and the antenna +8a and/or 16b provided on the rear window glass 13, and in the example shown in FIG. 11, the antenna 14a provided on the side window glass Ila. In the example shown in FIG. 12, the antenna 14a provided on the side window crow Ilb and the antenna I5a provided on the front window crow 12 are connected to the antenna 14a and/or +4b provided on the side window crow Ila. The antenna 14a and/or +4b provided on the window glass llb and the antenna lea provided on the rear window glass 11 are respectively used as selected antennas of the tie diversity antenna. Of course, it is not limited to the illustrated example, and various combinations of each part can be LIT within the scope of the present invention described in 1-1.
It is also possible to further increase the number of selected antennas.

In the present invention, one or more antennas immersed in a side window glass of a car, and a Freon of the car window glass, a rear window glass, or a part different from the above side window glass. At least one or more antennas installed on at least one of the site window glasses have different locations, different antenna patterns and directions, different positions of feeding points, and different conductors around the window. Due to the difference in foul waves, each has different directivity and sensitivity.
For various polarization plane components, the probability that each antenna will enter the drop point of the electric field and result in low gain is extremely low, and each of the above antennas can be effectively used as an antenna for space diversity reception system 1. It can be made to work. Furthermore, since the intermediate wavelength of wood's VHF television frequency band is approximately 1.5 m,
Each antenna conductor has about 1710 wavelengths, for example 1
It is said that if the antenna conductors are separated by about 5 ca, the antenna conductors will not reach the dip point of the electric field strength at the same time.

In addition, in the present invention, at least one antenna provided on the side window glass and at least one antenna provided on at least one of the front window glass, rear window glass, or side window glass]- For example, three, four, or five antennas may be used as diversity antenna selection antennas, and it is not necessary to use all antenna selection antennas. For example, any one or two of the plurality of antennas listed in L may be used for receiving AM radio broadcasts, antennas for receiving FM radio broadcasts,
It may be used as an antenna for receiving M-FM radio broadcasts, receiving and/or transmitting car telephone calls, receiving and/or transmitting personal i-phones, etc. This method of use makes it possible to support various information communication devices as described above.

In the present invention, a reception signal input from at least one antenna provided on the side window glass and at least one reception signal input from at least one of the front window glass, the rear window glass, or the side window glass are provided. A switching circuit that selectively selects the one with higher gain, the one with less noise, or the one with less distortion among the received signals input from the antenna, and the switching circuit that connects the feeding point of each antenna and the on-board TV receiver of the car. between connecting wires or 1
- Installed at an appropriate location within the television receiver. Further, an amplifier, a matching device, or an element having the functions of both may be inserted between the lead wire extending from the terminal of the antenna and the feeder.

A further explanation will be given with reference to FIG. 4, which is one application example of a five-system tie diversity antenna device according to a specific example of the present invention. Chee? - To improve the omnidirectional nature of the received rebroadcast waves, increase the gain, or reduce noise,
Space diversity involves installing multiple antennas and selectively selecting and using the one with the highest gain among the TV broadcast signals received by the multiple antennas in response to the ever-changing radio wave conditions. Since the antenna system is used, the switching circuit 22 described in 1 compares the magnitude of the gain of the received signals in the television broadcast wave band received by the plurality of antennas installed on the crows of various parts of the car. It is sufficient if the larger signal or alternatively selected signal is sent to the television receiver 23, but of course, the larger signal is also selected for FM radio broadcast waves. Alternatively, the FM radio signals may be selected and sent to the FM radio receiver 25.

In addition, when the television antenna of the present invention is also used as an antenna of the space diversity reception method for receiving FM radio, all of the received signals from the plurality of antennas provided in each window crow can be used. It may be used as a signal for selecting 12, or a part thereof may be used as a signal for selecting. It goes without saying that at least one of the antennas described above can also be used as a secondary antenna for FM radio reception and/or AM radio reception.

If the radio broadcast reception is also used, the switching circuit 22
When the TV/radio selector switch (not shown) is turned on at the TV broadcast reception position, the one with higher gain or the one with less distortion or noise is selected from among the reception values of each antenna. It is connected to the in-vehicle television receiver 23 so that the TV/radio selector switch is set to F.
When the switch is turned on to receive M radio broadcasts,
-1- FM so that the one with higher gain, the one with less multipath distortion, or the one with less noise is selected from at least two of the plurality of received signals.
When it is connected to the radio receiver 25 and the switch is turned on to receive the AM radio broadcast, -''
Any one of the plurality of received signals is connected to the AM radio receiver 24 with or without the switching circuit 22.

Furthermore, in the antenna device of the present invention, in order to increase the reception sensitivity of television broadcast waves and, if necessary, to increase the reception sensitivity of AM broadcast waves and/or FM broadcast waves, the high frequency amplification circuit 26 is installed in each case. It can be connected to any one or more or all of the constituent antennas, for example the antennas provided on each glass. This high frequency amplification circuit may be provided between the feeding point of the antenna and the switching circuit, or alternatively may be provided between the switching circuit and the antenna signal input end of the television receiver. The high frequency amplification circuit may be of a tuned type or a non-tuned type.

Further, if necessary, 0 circuits 27 can be inserted in all or some of the connection lines between the feeding point 17 of each antenna and the switching circuit 22 in order to reduce mismatching loss. Note that, if the high-frequency 1+ circuit 26 is also provided, these matching circuits 27 are preferably provided at a stage before the high-frequency +1 circuit 27 (on the power feeding side).

Further, the antenna in the present invention may be a VHF television broadcast wave,
If the system is designed to be able to receive any two or more of UHF television broadcast waves, AM radio broadcast waves, and FM radio broadcast waves, a distributor 28 can be inserted.

[Effects of the Invention 1] As described above, the antenna device of the present invention provides high gain and excellent omnidirectionality over a wide TV broadcast wave band, and is also effective under various reception conditions while a car is moving. It can sufficiently cope with changes such as fading and flutter phenomena, and has extremely excellent characteristics as an antenna for a television receiver mounted on a car.

Further, according to the vehicle-mounted television antenna device of the present invention, it does not protrude from the surface of the vehicle body, and therefore the antenna device does not protrude from the surface of the vehicle body.
In addition to being preferable from the viewpoint of air resistance and design, there is little risk of the antenna breaking due to mischief, and it is also excellent in safety.Furthermore, since it does not rust, there is little deterioration in performance.

Furthermore, any one or two of the plurality of antennas provided on each window glass can be used for receiving AM radio broadcasts,
For receiving FM radio broadcasts, for receiving AM-FM radio broadcasts,
The antenna device of the present invention can be used in many ways by using it as an antenna for car phone reception and/or transmission, personal wireless reception and/or transmission, and the like.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an automobile in which a conventional television antenna device mounted on an automobile is incorporated, FIGS. 2 to 12 are plan views of an automobile in which the antenna device of the present invention is incorporated, and FIG.
The figure is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of the antenna device of the present invention. 10: Automobile, 11. lla, llb: Side window glass, 12, Front window glass, J, Rear window glass, 14
, 14a, 14b: Antenna installed on the side window glass, 15.15a, 15b: Antenna installed on the 70-ton window glass, 1B, 18a, 18b:
Antenna installed on rear window glass, 17. Feeding point of antenna

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) At least one antenna provided on a side window glass of an automobile, and at least one antenna provided on at least one of a front window glass, a rear window glass, or a side window glass in a different part from the above side window glass. 1. A diversity antenna device for an automobile, comprising one antenna and a switching circuit connected to at least two of the antennas and selectively selecting a received signal extracted from the antenna.