JPS61201982A - Marine hose - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention is applicable as a hose in, for example, crude oil tanker loading and unloading, especially in the so-called oil extraction method loading and unloading using undersea pipes and hoses. The present invention relates to a marine hose suitable for.

(Prior art) For example, cargo handling work using the oil removal method at a multi-point mooring perspective where tanker F is moored at multiple points is as illustrated in FIG.
One end of a hose line 8 formed by sequentially connecting a plurality of marine hoses 2 is connected to a tanker 1 moored at multiple points,
The other end is generally connected to a submarine pipe 4 embedded and fixed in the seabed. In order to prevent the hose line 8 from becoming insufficient in length, the hose line 8 is normally connected to the seabed 5.
It has a slack portion 8a of considerable length that is grounded.

The marine hose 2 that has been widely used for tanker cargo handling is shown in Figure 4 (a).
), the inner tube rubber layer 6, the fiber cord reinforcement layer 7, the thick rubber layer 8, the steel cord reinforcement layer 9, the fiber cord reinforcement layer 10, and the outer rubber are arranged sequentially from the inner circumferential side. As shown in the cross-sectional view in FIG. 4 (1)), this layer 11 also includes an inner tube rubber layer 6 and a fiber cord reinforcing layer, which are arranged sequentially from the inner circumferential side. , a rubber layer IB in which hard steel wires 12 are embedded, a fiber cord reinforcing layer 10 and an outer rubber layer 1.
There are some that are configured with 1.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) However, each of these marine hoses 2 has a relatively large underwater weight, and in order to increase the rigidity of the hose 2 in the radial direction, each of these marine hoses 2 is reinforced with steel cord. Because the hose line 8 is reinforced with the layer 9 and the hard steel wire 12, for example, when it is routed by a work boat (not shown) to connect the hose line 8 to the tanker 1 as shown in FIG. When the tanker l moves due to tides, wind, changes in loaded weight, etc. after the hose line 8 is connected, the slack portion 8b of the hose line 8 that becomes particularly looped on the seabed 5 is due to the large weight of the hose 2 underwater. The loop cannot be reversed; in other words, the bending and torsional rigidity of the hose itself is offset by its underwater weight.
The reversal of the loop based on its rigidity is inhibited, and as a result, the problem of a decrease in the loop diameter due to the tension acting on the hose line 8 and a kink of the hose occurs. In the configuration shown, once the marine hose 2 is kinked, the hard steel wire 1
Due to the plastic deformation in step 2, the hose cannot return to its original shape, and even with the hose having the configuration shown in Fig. 4(a), it is difficult to return to its original shape in such a case. there were.

Furthermore, the large underwater weight of the marine hose 2 increases the frictional resistance of the hose line 8 against the seabed 6, so that when an external force such as tension, compression, or bending is applied to the hose line 8, the hose line 8 is There is a problem in that a portion that cannot withstand the external force is locally deformed and stress is concentrated there.

The present invention advantageously solves the problems of the prior art, and by reducing the underwater weight of the hose, the loop can be reversed at the slack portion of the hose line, thereby preventing the occurrence of kinks, and reducing the slack in the hose line. To provide a marine hose that prevents concentration of stress when an external force is applied to a part, and furthermore, allows the hose to self-return to its original shape even if a kink occurs, and has significantly increased durability. It is.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The marine hose of the present invention is provided with two fiber reinforcing layers, an inner and an outer layer, on the outside of an inner rubber layer, and an outer rubber layer on the outside of these reinforcing layers. An air chamber is provided between the two fiber reinforced layers.

Preferably, the outer rubber layer is recessed at a position outside the air chamber, and preferably the outer fiber reinforced layer is slackened at a portion corresponding to the air chamber.

(Function) In this marine hose, the air chamber formed between the fiber reinforcement layers gives the hose a large buoyancy and effectively reduces its underwater weight, so even if the hose is formed into a loop underwater, the loop will shrink. Due to its own stiffness with diameter, the hose is able to reverse the loop and unravel the loop, so that the hose does not kink.

In addition, this hose is reinforced with a fiber reinforcement layer and does not contain steel or other plastically deformable materials, so even if it kinks, it can easily return to its original shape. .

If the outer rubber layer is recessed at a position outside the air chamber, that part will be less susceptible to external damage, and the hose will have greater flexibility when bending. This will be further improved if the outer fiber-reinforced layer is made with a slack hole in the portion corresponding to the air chamber.

(Example) The present invention will be explained below based on illustrated examples.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, in which 21
22 and 28 indicate an inner rubber layer, and 22 and 28 indicate a rubberized fiber-reinforced layer and an intermediate rubber layer, respectively, which are sequentially arranged and fixed on the outer periphery of this inner rubber layer B1.

Here, high hardness thick rubber z4 extruded into a prismatic shape, for example, is spirally wound around the outer periphery of the intermediate rubber 128.
Preferably, the steel cord 1 or the high tensile strength fiber cord layer 25 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the thick rubber z4 to increase the radial rigidity of the high hardness thick rubber z4 and thus of the hose.

Further, here, a rubberized fiber reinforcing layer 26 and an outer rubber layer 27 are sequentially fixed to the outer periphery of the high-tensile fiber cord layer z6 to form a layer between the inner and outer fiber reinforcing layers 22 and 26, more precisely, the intermediate rubber layer 2B. and the fiber reinforcing layer 26, a spiral air chamber 218t is formed between each winding of the high hardness thick rubber '24. Here, the air chamber z8 is arranged at intervals of a predetermined length in the axial direction of the hose in order to prevent the buoyancy provided by the air chamber z8 from completely disappearing even if air leaks from there. It is preferable to divide it into two parts.

Note that the air chamber 28 can also be formed between rings of high hardness thick rubber fixed in a ring shape to the outer periphery of the intermediate rubber layer B8. In this case, the air chamber 28 can be formed between the rings of the hose axis It will be divided into directions. Furthermore, the air chamber 28 can also be formed as a hollow space within a high-hardness thick inner rubber fixed to the intermediate rubber layer 28 in a spiral or ring shape, and the cross-sectional shape is similar to that of the intermediate rubber layer 28 or the fiber reinforced layer 26. It can also be formed by a high-hardness thick-walled rubber having a U-shape and an intermediate rubber layer 28 or a fiber reinforced layer 26.

In addition, here, the air chamber 2 formed by overlapping in Fig.
8 is an intermediate rubber layer 28 and a rubberized fiber reinforcement layer 26
Since the structure is sufficiently airtight and robust, the buoyancy provided by the air chamber 28 will not be significantly impaired even if the marine hose is submerged in water.

FIG. 2 is a graph illustrating this. In order to reduce the underwater weight of the hose, in the case of a marine hose in which a layer of foam material is provided outside the outer rubber layer, the foam material,
In particular, since the shape of the air chamber is greatly deformed by external pressure, in other words water pressure, the foam material rapidly loses its buoyancy as shown by the dashed line in the figure. 1, because it is robust;
Even if the water depth increases, the air chamber 280 body 8t hardly changes, and therefore, as shown by the solid line in the figure, even if the external pressure increases, the rate of decrease in buoyancy does not become so high.

The marine hose constructed in this way can reduce its underwater weight to, for example, about 10% of its weight in the air when the hose is filled with crude oil, due to the buoyancy provided by the air chamber 28. Its rigidity against bending, torsion, etc. is not impaired by the weight of the hose underwater, and therefore, even if the hose is bent into a loop, the radius of curvature of the loop will increase before reaching the lower limit of the radius. Additionally, the rigidity of the hose itself allows the loop to be reversed and unraveled reliably.

On the other hand, a decrease in the underwater weight of the hose results in a decrease in its movement resistance against the seabed, so that the external forces acting on the hoseline when moving it in each direction on the seabed will reduce the overall weight of the hoseline. The stress will be dispersed by deformation, and local stress concentration on the hose line will be prevented.

Moreover, this marine hose has a fiber reinforcement layer of 22°26,
In some cases, it is reinforced with a high-tensile fiber cord layer z5 in addition to these, and since none of these layers undergoes plastic deformation, even if it kinks, it can easily return to its original shape. I can do it. Here, if the steel cord layer 25 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the high-hardness thick-walled rubber 24, even if the hose is crushed, the steel coat will not bend and buckle. It is possible to improve the return property.

Also, at the outside position of the air chamber 28 of the marine hose,
When the outer rubber layer B7 is provided with a spiral concave portion 1a as shown in FIG. can support the load by
This is the hollow part 2? a, and thus damage to the air chamber z8 is effectively prevented. On the other hand, when the hose is bent, the recessed portion 27ai also functions as an extension type on the outside of the bend, so it can also contribute to improving the flexibility of the hose.

Furthermore, in order to further improve the flexibility of the hose, a slack portion 26a, which also has a spiral shape, is provided in the outer fiber reinforced layer 26 at a position corresponding to the air chamber 28.
, and the slack portion 26a is formed into the above-mentioned recessed portion 27.
It is preferable to act as an extension type together with a or alone.

In addition, as described above, it goes without saying that the underwater weight of the marine hose can be changed as appropriate depending on the selection of the width, height, and length of the air chamber 28. Further, even if the intermediate rubber layer 28t of the illustrated example is omitted, the same effects as described above can be obtained.

(Comparative Example) Below is a comparative example of the loop reversal situation and kink self-recovery situation between the marine hose according to the present invention and the conventional marine hose shown in Fig. 4. The middle rubber N is omitted from the hose shown in Figure 1, and the width and height of the inner rubber are set to 45' WLm and 20 mm, respectively, and the winding interval is 20 mm.
As a result, the air chamber ratio was set to 25 inches of the total volume.

In the conventional hose hose shown in Figure 1 (a), the thickness of the thick rubber layer 8 is 18 mB, and in the hose shown in Figure 4 (bl), the layer thickness of the rubber layer 18 in which hard steel wire is embedded is 18 mB. l Omm.

Other specifications of each hose are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 Test method 1) Loop reversal situation Using a scale model of the hose shown in Table 1, an aquarium experiment was conducted assuming a specific perspective. In addition, we modeled the perspective layout and the amount of movement of the tanker, and observed the condition of the hose line when the tanker moved around arbitrarily. The rear of the cow was measured.

2) Kink self-recovery situation Using a model hose of 200 mm diameter, conduct a bending test in which a bending load is applied to both ends of the hose. After bending the hose until it kinks, remove the bending load and check the recovery situation!
It was celebrated.

Furthermore, here, a vacuum test (685
mmHy) to confirm that it does not collapse.

Test results Table 2 shows the results obtained by the above method.

Table 2 D: Hose diameter (effect of the invention) As is clear from the above test results, according to this invention,
In particular, by providing a strong air chamber between the two inner and outer fiber reinforcing layers, it is possible to ensure the reversal of the loop and to effectively prevent the occurrence of kinks. Self-healing properties can be sufficiently and effectively enhanced.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, the second factor is a graph showing the rate of decrease in buoyancy, Fig. 8 is a perspective view showing how the marine hose is used, and Fig. 4 is a sectional view showing a conventional example. be. 21... Inner surface rubber layer 22. 26... Fiber reinforced layer 24... High hardness thick rubber 26a... Sagging portion 27... Outer surface rubber/1127 a... Hollow portion 28... Air Patent applicant: Bridgestone Co., Ltd. l! (%)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A hose comprising an inner rubber layer, two inner and outer fiber reinforcing layers provided outside the inner rubber layer, and an outer rubber layer provided further outside these fiber reinforcing layers. A marine hose comprising an air chamber provided between the two fiber reinforcing layers. 2. The marine hose according to claim 1, wherein the outer rubber layer is recessed at a position outside the air chamber. 3. The marine hose according to claim 1, wherein the outer fiber reinforcing layer is slackened at a portion corresponding to the air chamber.