JPS6116504A - Multistable electromagnet operating device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the titled device of simple structure, small sized, strongly-build structure, handiness, low cost and energy-saving characteristics by a method wherein a movable piece and a fixed piece having the specific pitch number are provided opposing each other in such a manner that they can be mechanically displaced between them through the intermediary of a gap. CONSTITUTION:A movable piece 1 of magnetic substance has magnetic poles 1a and 1b, a fixed piece 2 has magnetic poles 2a, 2b and 2c, said two pieces are provided opposing each other through the intermediary of gaps 3. The pitches of pole arrangement of the movable piece 1 and the fixed piece 2 are in the relation of 180 deg./120 deg.=3/2. When a current is applied to electric windings 4a, 4b and 4c in the direction as shown in the diagram at the first mechanically stabilized state position (a), the movable piece 1 rotates in clockwise direction, it is displaced in the second mechanically stabilized state position (b), and it is held in that position after the current application is finished. The movable piece 1 returns to the position (a) applying current to the windings of the pole-facing position (c) as shown in he diagram. Three mechanically stabilized state positions can be operated in a freely reversible manner by selecting the pulse polarity of the current to be applied. However, the above is not applied to the case where an integral number is obtained when the even numbered pitch number of the movable piece is devided by the odd-numbered pitch number of the fixed piece 2.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention maintains a large number of mechanically stable states, and further reversibly electrically manipulates the displacement between the mechanically stable points, and the valve stem, The present invention relates to a multistable electromagnetic operating device used in a positioning mechanism such as an XY plotter.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, multistable electromagnetic operating devices are shown in Figs. 3(a) and (b).
There are SAWYER linear motors shown in ), (c), and (d). Magnetic poles 1a arranged at a uniform pitch
, lb,...1g, the movable piece 1x has a gap of 3
Magnetic poles 2a, 2b' of fixed pieces 2x, 2y via
, 2c, and 2d, and the fixed pieces 2X and 2y are fixed and connected by magnetic pole surfaces of different polarities of the permanent magnet 5. Also, both magnetic poles 2a and 2b, 2 of each fixed piece 2x, 2y
The distance between c and 2d is the magnetic pole pitch of movable piece IX (n +
0.5) times, the fixed pieces 2X and 2y are located at an interval of (n10%)X (pitch of the movable piece IX). In this linear motor, electric windings 4a and 4b, 4c and 4d are connected in series so that they have opposite polarities. When the electric windings 4a and 4b are energized in the direction shown in FIG. 3(a), the magnetic flux between the magnetic poles 1a and 2a is strengthened, and at the magnetic pole 2b, the magnetic flux due to the permanent magnet and the magnetic flux due to the electric windings 4a and 4b are mutually It cancels out and stabilizes at the position shown in Figure 3(a).

At this time, the magnetic attraction forces of the electromagnets 8i2c and 2d of the fixed piece 2y are balanced. Next, when the current shown in FIG. 3('b) is passed through the electric windings 4c and 4d, the magnetic flux of the magnetic pole 2d of the fixed piece 2y is enhanced and canceled by the magnetic pole 2C, resulting in the position shown in FIG. 3(b), In other words, the fixed piece 2 is fixed to the movable piece IX.
y is displaced by the pitch of the movable piece lx. Next, the third
If the current shown in Figure (C) is applied, the pitch will be roughly displaced.

As is clear from the above explanation, the driving force for displacement of the hybrid PM type linear step motor, which is a conventional multi-stable electromagnetic operating device, acts only on the first pole of the four magnetic poles of the fixed piece, so the required drive is The drawback is that the device becomes large in comparison to the force required.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

The present invention has been proposed in order to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, and an object of the present invention is to provide a multistable electromagnetic operating device that has a simpler structure, is compact, sturdy, lightweight, inexpensive, and has energy-saving characteristics.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on embodiments with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 1(a), (b), (c), and (d) are explanatory diagrams of a first embodiment of the present invention applied to a rotating electric motor. 1st
As shown in FIG. 1(d), which is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. DC magnetic flux acts on the movable piece magnetic body 1, and the movable piece magnetic body 1 is rotatably fitted to the fixed piece 2 by the shaft 7, the bearing 18, and the non-magnetic body 19. The movable piece 1, which is a magnetic material, has two first magnetic poles 1a and lb at two first pitches, and the fixed piece 2, which is a magnetic material, has three first magnetic poles 1a and 1b at two first pitches. 2 magnetic poles 2
a, 2b, and 2c, and are arranged opposite to each other with a gap 3 in between to enable mechanical displacement therebetween. The pitch of the magnetic pole arrangement of the movable piece 1 and the fixed piece 2 has a relationship of 180°/120°=372.

Electric @ wire 4 that magnetizes the magnetic poles 2a, 2b, 2c of the fixed piece 2
a, 4b, and 4c are wound. Although the magnetic pole face of the permanent magnet 5 with one force is fixed to the fixed piece 2, it may be fixed to the movable piece l.

〔motion〕

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained.

At the magnetic pole surface positions of the movable piece 1 and the fixed piece 2 shown in FIG. 4
If b and 4c are energized in the direction shown, the movable piece 1 will move as shown in Figure 1 (
a), and is displaced to the magnetic pole facing position shown in FIG. 1(b), that is, the second mechanically stable state position, and is maintained at this position even after the energization ends. Similarly, when the electric windings 4a, 4b, and 4c are energized in the illustrated direction at the magnetic pole facing position shown in FIG. 1(b), the magnetic pole facing position shown in FIG. 1(C), that is,
Displaced to a third mechanical steady state position. Next, Figure 1 (c
), the electric windings 4a and 4b of FIG. 1(c)
, 4c returns to the first mechanically stable state position, which is the illustrated magnetic pole facing position in FIG. 1(a). For this purpose, three mechanically stable state positions are set for the electric winding 4a.

It can be operated reversibly by changing the polarity of the current pulses applied to 4b, 4c, and 4d. However, if the even number of first pitches of movable piece 1 is divided by the odd number of second pitches of fixed piece 2 and the result is an integer, and the odd number of first pitches of fixed piece 2 is 3 or more, 1 except for. For example, the first pitch number is 6
is removed because it becomes an integer when divided by the second pitch number 3.

The reason for this is that the magnetic poles of the fixed piece 2 and the movable piece 1 are in a neutral state with respect to each other, and the thrust forces are balanced and the movable piece 1 is no longer driven. It goes without saying that this does not hold true if the number of odd pitches of the fixed piece 2 is 1. In this respect, the same applies to the second embodiment described below.

〔Example〕

Next, FIGS. 2(a), 2(b), and 2(c) show a second embodiment of the present invention in the form of a linear motor.

This will be explained with reference to the explanatory diagram (d). The movable piece l, which is a magnetic material, has convex magnetic poles 1a and l arranged linearly at a uniform pitch.
It is a magnetic material having b, lc, ld... The fixed piece 2 connects the three magnetic poles 2a, 2b, 2c to the magnetic pole 1 of the movable piece 1 through a gap 3 at a pitch of % of the magnetic pole pitch of the movable piece 1.
They are arranged opposite to a, lb, lc, ld, and so on. The movable piece 1 and the fixed piece 2 are configured to be able to mechanically move in parallel to each other.

In addition, the magnetic poles 2a, 2b, 2c of the fixed piece 2 have electric windings 4a.
, 4b, 4c, 4d are wound, and each magnetic pole 2a, 2b, 2
c is excited. Further, a permanent magnet (not shown) fixed to the fixed piece 2 or the movable piece 1 acts on the direct 1 & magnetic flux 8.

〔motion〕

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained.

If the positions of the magnetic poles of the fixed piece 1 and the movable piece 2 are in the relationship shown in FIG. 2(a), there is a position where the magnetic resistance to the magnetomotive force of the permanent magnet is minimal, that is, a first mechanically stable state. Next, in the state shown in FIG. 2(a), if current is applied to the electric windings 4a, 4b, 4c, and 4d in the direction shown in FIG. 2(b), the electric windings 4a, 4b, The magnetic flux 9 due to the energization of 4c and 4d is canceled out by the permanent magnet magnetic flux at the magnetic poles 2a and 2b, and superimposed at the magnetic pole 2C, and as a result, the fixed piece 2 is displaced and stabilized at the position shown in FIG. 2(b) with respect to the movable piece 1. . Even if the illustrated energization shown in FIG. 2(b) is stopped, the second mechanically stable state shown in FIG. 2(b) is maintained. Hereinafter, in the same manner, the fixed piece 2 and the movable piece l are placed in the illustrated positions of FIG. 2(B) and the energization shown in FIG. (C)
The position shown in FIG. 2(d) is the position shown in FIG. 2(d) when energization is applied, that is, the first mechanical stable state is the magnetic pole facing position of the fixed piece 2 and the movable piece 1 shown in FIG. 2(a). The displacement returns to .

As a result, electric windings 4a, 4b, 4c that excite the fixed piece 2
, 4d can be operated to reversibly displace and maintain a number of mechanically stable states in response to the presence or absence of energization and polarity.

It goes without saying that the number of pitches is not limited to those in the first and second embodiments described above.

〔Effect of the invention〕

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects compared to conventional devices.

(1) Since the driving force for displacement acts on the first pole of the three fixed single magnetic poles, the driving force for displacement of the conventional hybrid PM step motor is applied to only one of the four fixed single magnetic poles. The device is small and lightweight, and the structure is simple and inexpensive, making it suitable for mass production.

(2) Since the magnetomotive force of the permanent magnet can be used as thrust, the operating energy required for thrust by the DC motor is very small.

It has excellent properties such as, and can make a great contribution to automatic control and remote operation of mechanical devices.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1(a), (b), (c), and (d) are explanatory diagrams of a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2(a) is an explanatory diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention. (b), (c), and (d) are explanatory diagrams of the second embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 3 (a), cb), and (C). (d) is an explanatory diagram of a conventional bistable electromagnetic operating device. ■...Movable piece 2...Fixed piece 2a, 2b, 2c...Magnetic pole 3...Gap 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d-...For electric winding Application person
Mitsubishi Mining Cement Co., Ltd. Iwasaki Giken Kogyo Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A movable piece made of a magnetic material having a first magnetic pole divided and arranged at an even number of pitches of the same length, and an odd number of 3 or more and not an integer when dividing the above even number. a fixed piece made of a magnetic material that is arranged in segments of the same length at a pitch and has a second magnetic pole facing the first magnetic pole through a gap; an electric winding that excites the second magnetic pole; It consists of a permanent magnet that is fixed to a fixed piece or a movable piece to form a magnetic field in the gap, and the movable piece and the fixed piece are arranged opposite each other through the gap so that they can be mechanically displaced from each other. A multistable electromagnetic operating device.