JPS61163073A - Tricycle driving car for travelling on wasteland - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION A. Technical Field The present invention relates to a three-wheel drive vehicle for running on rough terrain, which is equipped with balloon tires on one front wheel and two rear steering wheels, and all three wheels are rotated by the driving force of a power unit.

Conventional technology Conventionally, this type of three-wheel drive vehicle for traveling on rough terrain (hereinafter referred to as three-wheel drive vehicle) has two rear driving wheels and one front steering wheel, which are connected via a swing arm system and a telescopic front fork, respectively. It is common for the vehicle to be suspended. (
Special patent application No. 211645, 1982)
No. 009138) (Special request, No. 1983-013660)
···etc.

By the way, if a telescopic front fork is used for the single wheel in front of the steering wheel, the support function will become unstable as it will sag on uneven ground or rough roads, and the steering performance will be significantly impaired.

Furthermore, since the power transmission member to the front wheel is mounted on the front fork, the moment of inertia is large and the vehicle is heavy. Therefore, a large steering moment is required and it is difficult to follow the undulations of the road surface.

C. Purpose The present invention solves these various problems, provides stable maneuverability and shock absorbing performance especially on rough terrain, and also connects the power transmission member to the front steering wheel to the vehicle body frame and supporting side. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a three-wheel drive vehicle that can drive with smooth steering operations even on rough roads by improving the steering response.

In order to achieve this objective, the present invention is based on the premise that balloon tires are mounted on all wheels to create a three-wheel drive system suitable for driving on rough roads. A steering device and a front wheel are suspended through a single driven shaft at the front end of a swing arm equipped with an arm, and the front wheel and the driven shaft are connected through a constant velocity joint, and also serves as a support member. The gist of this is that a power transmission member is disposed along the swing arm to transmit the driving force of the power unit to one wheel in front of the steering wheel while providing progressive damping characteristics.

2. EXAMPLE A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a three-wheel drive vehicle according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view showing the power transmission system of the three-wheel drive vehicle, and FIG.
The figure is a front cross-sectional view taken along line E in FIG.

As shown in Fig. 1, the vehicle body frame F includes a front pivot bracket 2 and a rear pivot bracket 3 connected to both hanging ends of a main frame 1 made of an arc-shaped tube, and a bottom frame 4 disposed below the main frame 1. The fuel tank 12 is arranged in the upper part of the fuel tank 12.

A head pipe 5 inclined rearward as appropriate is provided above the front part of the main frame 1, and is supported by upper tubes 6 and 7 extending diagonally rearward. Inside this head pipe 5, there is a
For example, a rotary vane type hydraulic steering operation unit (not shown) is installed inside, and generates hydraulic pressure in proportion to the steering angle of the steering handle 8.
The support side, which will be described later, is connected to a steering system so that a steering action can be performed.

9 is a seat rail, 1o is a subtube connected to the rear of the vehicle body frame F side, and a passenger seat 11 is attached to the upper part.

As is well known, the rear swing arm 13 has two rear wheels Wr1. Wrz and driven sprocket 2o
After the shaft is fixed, the driven shaft 17 is rotatably supported.

The engine E of the power unit P has a horizontally mounted crankshaft, and is housed within the vehicle body frame F, and the mission mechanism M connected to the rear and the countershaft forming the output shaft 18 thereof are also horizontally mounted, with the shaft end protruding to the outside. Two integrally molded output sprockets 22 and 23 are connected by splines, and a transmission chain 19 is suspended between the output sprocket 23 and the driven sprocket 2o to drive the two rear wheels W r + and Wrz. .

On the other hand, in the front of the output sprocket 22 that drives the single front wheel Wf equipped with the balloon tire 21, in the conventional power unit, A, C, and G are disposed protruding from the front side. There were problems such as interference when extending the chino, but as a means to solve this problem, in the present invention, the end of the crankshaft 24 is extended to the outside by a width corresponding to the intermediate transmission chino 27 compared to the conventional type. As a result, a tunnel 26 is formed between the side wall of the crankcase 25 and A, C, and G, and an intermediate transmission chino 27, which is a power transmission member to the front wheel Wf, is passed through the space inside the tunnel 26.

And a pair of left and right front pivot brackets) 2
In 2', a horizontal drive shaft 29 is rotatably supported via a bearing 28, and a sprocket 30 which is fixed to the shaft is connected to the power unit P side by hanging the above-mentioned intermediate transmission chino 27. be. Further, the drive shaft 29 projects outward from the sides of both front pivot brackets 2.2', and also serves as a pivot for a front swing arm 33, which will be described below.

The front swing arm 33 has two arms, which are substantially symmetrical, with the distal end sandwiched in the middle. It can swing vertically around a bearing 35 serving as a pivot, and is suspended and supported by a link type shock absorber 36.

As shown in FIG. 3, the steering device 39 and drive device 40 of the single front steering wheel Wf have a front driven shaft 42 equipped with a driven sprocket 38 on one side via bearings 41 inside the front ends of two front swing arms 33. are rotatably installed in a transverse manner, and each is supported by passing through the front driven shaft 42.

The support arm 43, which is the main part of the three steering devices, has a bearing 44 at its inner axis and is supported by the front driven shaft 427 with a 70-ring as described above. A desired caster angle θ is set between them, and a torque link 46 is interposed between them to connect and support them so that they can freely swing up and down.

On the other side, upper and lower bifurcated upper and lower arms 47 and 48 are formed along the caster angle θ, and a knuckle arm 49 is connected to a pin 50 on the vertical center line of both arms 47 and 48 on the Y axis. It is swingable and rotatably supports a flannon 70 to which a front steering wheel Wf is attached by an inner bearing 71, and is connected to a hydraulic operating section 52 via a tie rod 59 and a pitman arm 60 connected to a rear steering arm 51. The speed joint 53 forming the steering system (11ζ
An outer ring 54 is spline-coupled and fastened and fixed with bolts 55, and an inner ring 56 is connected to the front driven shaft 42.
through which the front driven shaft 42 is spline-coupled.
The rotational torque of the steering wheel W passes through the constant velocity joint 53.
can be transmitted to f.

Note that the bending center of the constant velocity joint 53 is also arranged on the Y axis.

Thus, a power transmission chino 57 is suspended between the front driven shaft 42 and the drive shaft 29 along the front swing arm 33, and power is transmitted.

In the figure, 58 is a driving sprocket fixed to the drive shaft 29 side, and 31 is a disc brake device arranged on the other side of the driven sprocket 38.

In the above configuration, the output shaft 18 rotates with the operation of the power unit (P), and the two rear wheels Wr+, W are connected together with the rear driven shaft 17 via the transmission chain 19 that meshes with the output sprocket 23.
r2 is driven and rotated.

Furthermore, since the output sprocket 22 also rotates at the same time, the drive shaft 29 is driven to rotate via the intermediate transmission chain 27, and the front driven shaft 42 and constant velocity joint 53 are driven and rotated by the transmission chain 57. In addition to the drive wheels, the power unit's driving force can be transmitted to all wheels (three wheels). In the above, the left and right turning angle caused by the steering operation of the steering handle 8 is converted into hydraulic pressure within the head pipe 5, and is transmitted to the hydraulic operation section 52 through the oil passage 63 or 64, and is operated as a forward and backward telescoping motion. Pitman arm 60 and tie rod 5
By swinging the knuckle arm 49 from side to side about the pin 50 via the pin 9, the front wheel Wf is steered in a desired direction. In the above-mentioned left/right steering operation, the center of the pin 50 of the knuckle arm 49 and the bending center Y-axis of the constant velocity joint 53 are aligned, so the knuckle arm 49 and the single front steering wheel Wf are moved left and right with respect to the front driven shaft 42. Even when the front driven shaft 42 swings, the torque on the front driven shaft 42 side can be effectively, reliably and smoothly transmitted to the single steered front wheel Wf without any hindrance while the constant velocity joint 53 follows the bending. be.

In addition, road surface fluctuations can be effectively absorbed and alleviated by the vertical swinging motion of the front and rear swing arms 33°13 and the progressive characteristics of the link type shock absorber 14°36, thus improving drivability, especially on rough terrain with large undulations. It is advantageous for

In particular, the front steering wheel Wf is attached to the inside of the front swing arm 33, which has two arms, and has a swing suspension system, so it has excellent support rigidity against running loads. This means that the distance between the front driven shaft 42 and the front driven shaft 42 can be maintained constant and the tension of the power transmission chain 57 can be maintained constant over a long period of time, making it possible to achieve maintenance-free operation.

In the embodiment, the drive system uses a power transmission chain for all wheels, but a shaft drive system may be adopted instead, and such power transmission means may be applied to motorcycles and other vehicles. is also free.

E. Effects According to this invention as described above, the front steering wheel side and the rear two wheels are each equipped with a swing arm system using an independent link type shock absorber, which provides excellent support rigidity and improves ride comfort while also improving ride comfort. It is also possible to improve drivability on roads and uneven terrain.

In addition, by using an all-wheel transmission chain drive, the power transmission system can be made lighter and simpler, and in particular, the steering system for the single wheel in front of the steering wheel (
By adopting a configuration in which the support member) and drive unit are mounted on a single driven shaft installed between the two swing arms, the center of gravity of the vehicle can be lowered, which dramatically improves cornering characteristics. be able to. Moreover, the load when running is 2
Since the pressure is distributed and received by the real swing arm, there will be no problems such as bending or warping, and of course, there will be no problems such as twisting like with a telescopic front fork, or even problems such as the steering wheel being taken off by thrusting up, thus improving steering stability. can also be significantly improved.

In addition, the tie rod, pitman arm, hydraulic control unit, etc. that make up the steering system are arranged on the swing arm side, so the steering moment can be reduced. It has an anti-dive geometry that can effectively prevent the nose dive that occurs when braking one wheel, and has great effects such as stably maintaining the vehicle body and rider posture during braking. You can also get the effect.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a three-wheel drive vehicle according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view showing a power transmission system of the three-wheel drive vehicle, and FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view showing a power transmission system of the three-wheel drive vehicle. FIG. 1 is a front sectional view taken along the line E in FIG. 1 of a steering front single wheel support unit equipped with a steering device and a drive device. In the drawing, 1 is the main frame, 2 is the front pivot bracket, 3 is the rear pivot bracket, 13 is the rear swing arm, 33 is the front swing arm,
42 is a front driven shaft, 46 is a torque link, 51 is a steering arm, 52 is a hydraulic operating section, 53 is a constant velocity joint, and 59 is a tie rod.

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a three-wheel drive vehicle for driving on rough terrain in which both the front steering wheel and the two rear wheels are rotated by the driving force of a power unit mounted on the vehicle body, each wheel is of a balloon type, and the steering device and the front steering wheel are rotated by the driving force of a power unit mounted on the vehicle body. The shaft is mounted on the inside of the two swing arms extending forward through one front driven shaft, and is connected to the above-mentioned front steering wheel through a constant velocity joint, and the front driven shaft and the power unit are connected to the power unit. A three-wheel drive vehicle for traveling on rough terrain, characterized by being rotatably connected by a transmission member.