JPS61143291A - Foundation improving ship - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To feed a foundation improver material stably and efficiently while preventing the hull from rocking, by attaching an improver material feed leader to the foundation rockably in an opening part of the plane sight rectangular- form hull, while rocking it at the specified water area, and engaging a tip spud with the bottom of the water. CONSTITUTION:An improver material feed leader 4' is attached to a central opening part of a plane sight rectangular-form hull 3' free of rocking motion by a bearing 18. The leader 4' is moved up to the specified working water area in horizontality, and the hull 3' is moored with a mooring rope 48 at the working water area, while the leader 4' is rocked, driving a tip spud 41 in to the bottom of the water, and engaged tight at the specified position. Feed of foundation improver materials including powder cement, etc., takes place via the leader 4'. Engagement of the hull during operation is carried out with certainty, thus the improver material is efficiently feedable in a stable state.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Industrial application field> The disclosed technology can be applied to the ground beneath the water surface of the sea, rivers, lakes, etc.
It belongs to the field of structural technology for construction vessels equipped with a separate structure for supplying improvement materials such as powder cement and improving the ground.

Therefore, the invention of this application is equipped with a leader that slides a shirt 1 that feeds an improvement material such as powder cement from above the water surface to the ground under the water surface of the sea, rivers, lakes, etc. This invention relates to a soil improvement ship equipped with an actuating device for the leader, and in particular, the hull is shaped like a bow or double-hulled, and has an opening to the water surface in the center, and a It has a pair of bearings, and a rectangular frame-shaped leader is pivotally supported on the bearings so as to be able to rotate freely with respect to a vertical surface, and the ground penetration part at the tip of the leader is connected to the water surface through the opening part. A luffing device is installed between the leader and the ship's hull, and when navigating on water to the desired improvement area, the leader is lowered horizontally to the ship's hull to raise the height of the device. The shaft should be made sufficiently low to lower the center of gravity.
Improved materials are sent into the ground from the improved material plant through a specified shaft to improve the ground.Furthermore, an inclined posture device is interposed between the hull and the leader to prevent the shaft from moving. This invention relates to a soil improvement ship that is capable of performing diagonal improvement work at a predetermined angle with respect to the ground while maintaining it at a predetermined inclination.

<Prior art> As is well known, improvement work on soft ground is widely carried out, but when large-scale ground improvement is carried out by reclamation in lakes and coastal areas with large areas, it is necessary to Unlike ground improvement, there are various restrictions and conditions.

However, in recent years, land-based ground improvement areas have become fewer and underwater ground improvement areas have been expanded based on national land planning, etc., and the above-mentioned constraints and conditions have been eliminated, making it possible for smooth ground improvement to be carried out accurately and quickly. It's starting to be sought after.

For example, in ground improvement on land, injection methods that use water glass-based chemicals are widely used from the perspective of pollution problems, but there are problems with groundwater in the ground, and cement injection is more effective than liquid-based chemical injection. The so-called injection agitation method, etc., in which a powdered improvement material such as methane is pneumatically transported into the ground, mixed with the soil, and agitated to promote reaction with groundwater and coagulate, has been rapidly developed.

Ground improvement technology on land is currently transitioning from liquid-based chemical injection methods to injection agitation methods; Ground improvement technology that feeds improvement materials such as powdered cement has potential to be more compatible than injection-based ground improvement technology, and as a result, there is a strong demand for its introduction.

Therefore, it has become desirable to further develop and expand underwater ground improvement technology that meets the expanding needs as described above.

As a matter of course, in this type of underwater ground improvement, a construction barge or other boat is towed to the improvement area, or is self-propelled, takes the anchor, and pulls the shaft from the hull into the water. In principle, the method is to descend to the ground, penetrate the ground below the water surface, and supply improvement materials from the ship at a specified rate.

Therefore, the mode of soil improvement using a soil improvement boat that has been generally adopted up to now will be briefly explained with reference to Figures 23 and 24.
Alternatively, the hull 3 may be positioned by self-propulsion, anchored and set in a predetermined position, and a guide casing 5 may be attached to a tower-type leader 4 fixed in advance on the hull 3. The sub-leader 6 is extended downward into the water in a comb-like manner, and a soft layer 7 such as sludge is added along the sub-leader 6.
inserting a shaft 9 with a penetrating device 8 into the
A predetermined improvement material is penetrated into the ground, and a predetermined improvement material is fed from an improvement material tank 12 into the ground 10 via the guide shaft 5 and a shaft 9 to perform predetermined soil improvement.

<Problem to be solved by the invention> However, although the leader 4 and other facilities provided on the hull 3 are attached with sufficient rigidity, the sub-leader extended underwater has the above-mentioned problem. However, since it is a so-called cantilever one-way type, it is not possible to have a sufficient configuration.
Therefore, theoretically, it extends vertically from leader 4,
Although the shaft 9 and the penetration device 8 are used to statically penetrate the ground improvement material and feed the improvement material, the soil improvement ship 2 itself has a considerable weight, and the inertia is large and the anchor Even though it was removed, The Breeder 〇 and Ship 2 were damaged due to shaking due to the influence of waves during work and vibration of various equipment during construction.
The relative position of the pile changes due to rocking and vibration, and as a result, there is a drawback that accurate improved piles, etc. cannot be made, and in particular, the construction accuracy becomes poor because it is not possible to confirm it underwater. was there.

On the other hand, the leader 4 assembled and fixed on the hull 3 has a considerable height, and in particular, in the improved ship 2 for large-scale construction, the height is extremely large, and the improved material plant 1
1 and the operation part 13, etc., because it is incomparably larger, the center of gravity is quite high, and it has the disadvantage of being extremely unstable, causing a lot of sway when towing or traveling. There is the disadvantage of high costs, and furthermore, the docking and hull assembly is a process in which the leader is towed or self-propelled from the quay to the designated improvement area. The downside was that its height was limited due to the risk of interfering with port facilities.

As a result, the scale of underwater ground improvement work, which was originally intended to be carried out, was restricted, which was an undesirable constraint that caused a significant delay compared to land-based construction.

In addition, even when building an improved ship 2 of a desired size that can withstand these restrictions and adverse conditions, the leader is quite expensive, so not only construction but also so-called high-altitude work is required during maintenance, inspection, etc. This is unavoidable and involves danger, and it also has the disadvantage that it is difficult to ensure perfect accuracy in supporting work at high places.

Furthermore, in addition to the constraints of working at heights, there was also the negative point of reduced efficiency in that many parts of the work could not be performed simultaneously, resulting in poor work efficiency.

In addition, an invention disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-168733 has been developed in which the arm is rotated up and down relative to the ship's hull to remove seabed soil. The construction vibrator is moved up and down by coating a leader that crosses the hull above and below it, but the improved ship did not have a leader on the hull, making it difficult to use.

The purpose of the invention of this application is to meet the extremely high demand based on the above-mentioned prior art, and even though the construction technology for the original ground has been developed with many advantages, it is simply an obstruction to the leader for the ship's hull. Because of these conditions, the problems of the soil improvement ship that are constraining these conditions will be considered a technical issue to be solved, and during construction, we will ensure that the leader has sufficient rigidity not only on the hull but also on the part that extends into the water. The leader should be able to carry out essential ground improvement reliably and accurately, and be sufficiently low and stable when towing or self-propelling to the target improvement area. A field in which underwater ground improvement technology is used in the construction industry by ensuring that traveling does not cause any trouble to bridges or coastal facilities, making it easier to construct ships, maintain and inspect them, and make it easier to carry out incidental work on quays. The aim is to provide an excellent ground improvement vessel that will benefit the public.

<Means/effects for solving the problem> In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the structure of the invention of this application, which is summarized in the scope of the above-mentioned patent claims in accordance with the above-mentioned purpose, is to solve the above-mentioned problem. The leader, who takes the highest position on the quay, works in a fixed position with the leader lying down relative to the ship's hull, and performs various tasks simultaneously in a safe and highly efficient manner, thereby achieving underwater ground improvement. When towing or self-propelling the modified Q ship to the target improvement area, the long leader, which also extends over the hull, is laid down on the hull, in other words, the long leader is kept in a low position and the center of gravity is low and stable. It is not affected by wind or waves due to its posture, so there is little shaking, and it can move smoothly without interfering with suspension bridges or port facilities installed at river mouths or inlets. After reaching the target improvement area, anchor the leader to the hull, rotate the leader vertically parallel to the vertical plane via a pair of bearings installed on the hull, and move the leader below the bearings. The structure is designed to have enough rigidity not only in the upper part of the hull, but also in the lower part, so that it is exposed to the water through an open part such as an opening in the hull, and extends downward from the hull at a predetermined position. so that it is right,
Therefore, the shaft is slid down along the leader to penetrate the ground below the water surface, and the improvement material is fed into the ground at a specified point from the improvement material plant on the ship's hull to perform ground improvement such as pile construction. During the process, the upper and lower hull leaders are extended with sufficient rigidity to ensure that the shaft remains penetrating the ground as desired, thus ensuring accurate ground improvement work. Furthermore, a tilting position device interposed between the ship's hull and the leader maintains and fixes the leader in a tilted position at a desired angle with respect to the ship's hull in accordance with the design, thereby preventing slopes such as diagonal piles from submerged ground. We will ensure that panel improvements can be carried out smoothly without any problems, and during this time, depending on the type of work, the bearings may be moved horizontally, vertically, or even while rotating relative to the hull.
] Also, technical measures have been taken to maintain the optimum attitude and position of the leader relative to the ship's hull by replacing the leader.

<Embodiments - Configuration> Next, embodiments of the invention of this application will be described below based on FIGS. 1 to 22. Note that the same parts as those in Figure 1 01-23.2/1 will be described using the same reference numerals.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1.2, 2' is a ground improvement ship that constitutes the gist of the invention of this application, and in this embodiment, it pneumatically transports powdered cement as an improvement material for the ground 10 in seawater. It is used for ground improvement using the latest technology of powder injection stirring method that has been developed so far, and its hull 3' is shaped like a mouth, with an open area approximately in the center. An opening 14 is opened as a section, and around it are an improved material plant 11 equipped with a compressor for transporting powder, etc., cement tanks 12, 12, etc. connected to these by pipes, and an operation section. 13,
A housing 15 for equipment such as an engine is provided.

A pair of rails 16, 16... are laid along the longitudinal direction on both sides of the opening 14 of the hull 3', and rollers 17 are installed on the rails 16, 16 on both sides.
．． 17... bearings 18, 18 are provided so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction.

Further, for each bearing 18, as shown in FIG. 2.8, a hydraulic cylinder 19 is pivotally supported at the tip of its rod via a pin 20, and its rear end is connected between the rails 16 and 16, respectively. Screw holes 21, 21, etc., which are bored in stages at set pitches along the longitudinal direction, are selectively connected and released via screw pins (not shown), and therefore each bearing 18 can be adjusted to move forward and backward in the longitudinal direction along each rail 16 by the inchworm-like action of the hydraulic cylinder 19.

A leader 4' having a rectangular frame shape and having an opening in plan view has a shaft 22.22 integrally fixed to the bearing 18.18, and is rotatable with respect to a vertical plane, that is, can be laid down. It is pivotably supported so that it can stand up freely.

Therefore, the shafts 22.22 are provided at predetermined intermediate positions at both ends of the leader 4', so that when the leader 4' is in an upright position, it is possible to assume a leader position extending above and below the hull 3' into the water. ing.

In this embodiment, as shown in Fig. 1.2, a pair of short pipes 24, 24 with a circular cross section and a predetermined length are combined into one unit via horizontal reinforcing girders 23, 23. 7 lunges 25. Set length leader 4' through 25...
There are arms 26 at both ends of the leader 4'.
．． The overall structure is rectangular, with 26 sections across.

Therefore, by adding or removing each unit via the flanges 25, 25, etc., it is possible to form the leader 4' to a predetermined length when building an improved ship 2' or rearranging the unit. It is being done.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1.2, one side of the leader 4' faces the opening 14, and the arm 26 on the other side is in a horizontally laid down position. It is fixed by a pin 28 to a bracket 27 provided on the hull 3' and cannot be rotated.

A stand 29 provided near the center on one side of the opening 14 of the hull 3' is pivoted to a bracket 36 on the upper part of the stand 29, and is made to be able to stand up and fall freely, and to be stopped by a stopper (not shown). A wire 34 from a winch 33 provided at the rear of the stand 29 is connected to the leader 4' through a pulley 32 provided at the upper end of the sub-stand 31 which is maintained in the standing, falling and falling postures. It is locked to the arm 26 on the end side to form a levitation device 35,
By activating the winch 33, the leader 4'
can be pivoted up on the hull 3' via the shaft 22.22 and the bearing 18.18.

A bearing 37.37 is provided along the reinforcing beam 23 on the other end side of the leader 4' and is fixed to a lateral bracket 36 that is slidable along the leader 4'.
...and a rotary set drive device such as a hydraulic motor installed on the arm 26 on the other end side opposite to this $38.3
Shafts 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 8, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 10, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 10, 9, 9, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 11, 11, 11, 12, 11, 11, 11, and 11 are rotatably supported.

At the tip of each shaft 9, stirring blades 39 for ejecting the pneumatically transported powder cement are integrally fixed in a predetermined number of stages and extend laterally, and at the base end thereof, the stirring blades 39 for spouting out the air-transported powder cement are provided. A swivel joint 40 is provided which is connected by an air transport pipe (not shown).

Incidentally, on both sides of the tip of the leader 4', there are spuds 41, 41 which are telescopically telescopic as appropriate, and as shown in Fig. 2, the leader 4' is horizontally laid down with respect to the hull 3'. In this state, the leader 4 is retracted, but when it is erected and ground improvement work is being carried out, it protrudes and pierces the ground 10.
As shown in FIG. 13, the leader 4' is pierced into the ground 10 underwater to maintain a stable standing posture of the leader 4'.

A winch 42 provided on the arm 26 at the other end of the leader 4' stretches a wire 44 between it and a pulley 43 provided on the bracket 36 slidably provided with respect to the leader 4'. When the leader 4' is in the upright state shown in FIG. 13, the shafts 9.9...
It forms a pulling mechanism for the

A wire 47 is stretched between another winch 45 provided at the other end of the bracket 36 and a pulley 46 provided on the arm 26 on the base end side of the leader 4'. As shown in Figure 13, with the leader 4' in the upright position, the ground 1 of the shaft 9.9...
It is said to be a forced penetration mechanism for zero.

<Embodiment - Effect> In the above configuration, when building the improved ship 2', the third
．． As shown in Figure 4, the leader 4' is attached to the hull 3', which has been completed in advance at the quayside of the shipyard, by a small crane installed on the quayside, and the short pipes 24, 24 and the reinforcing girder 2 are attached.
3.23 etc., and the flanges 25.25... etc., horizontally assembled onto the hull 3' in a horizontal position. At the same time, the leader 4' of a predetermined number of stages, that is, a predetermined length is installed. Build.

Of course, during this time, the bearing 1 of the shaft 22, 22 of the leader 4'
8. Assembly to 18 and its roller 17.17...
The setting for the rails 16, 16, etc. is performed in the same manner.

Therefore, since all construction work for assembling these leaders 4' is done in a low position, there is no need for work at heights, work efficiency is improved, and it can be done safely. Since it is easy to perform such operations, accuracy and inspection can be performed accurately.

Each task can be performed simultaneously and efficiently.

Of course, it is also possible to carry out the construction work of the improved material plan 1 11, the operating section 13, the improved material tank 12, etc. at the same time.

In the improved ship 2' constructed in this way, the leader 4' is placed horizontally with respect to the hull 3', as shown in Fig. 3.4, and the arm 26 of the leader 4' is placed horizontally with respect to the hull 3'. It is fixed to the bracket 27 with a bin 28 and transported by water, such as towing or traveling, to the target improvement area.

During this time, as shown in Figure 3.4, that is, Figure 1.2, the leader 4' remains in the attitude at the time of construction and remains horizontal with respect to the hull 3'; Since the sub-stand 31 of the stand 29 is also in a collapsed position and fixed by a stopper (not shown), the height does not exceed the height of the operating part 13, and therefore, it cannot be used on a considerably low bridge such as a suspension bridge at an estuary or an inlet. It is possible to navigate without interfering with other protruding facilities such as decks or cranes in the port, and since the leader 4' is in a horizontal position, the center is extremely low and there is no interference with waves or wind. It is not affected by this, and there is no sway or tilting, and it can be walked safely.Therefore, there is almost no problem even if the speed is increased considerably, and therefore it can be quickly transported by sea to the target improvement area.

When the target improvement area is reached, the spuds 41 and 41 are appropriately anchored with wires 48 and the spuds 41 and 41 are used to improve the ground using the vertical leader 4', as shown in FIG. 5, as will be described in detail later. Pierce against the ground 10,
By keeping the leader 4' in a fixed position, that is, by fixing the improved ship 2' as well, it is almost unaffected by wind and waves.
Also, maintain a stable posture and perform the prescribed ground improvement.

In addition, the ground improvement is not necessarily carried out in a vertical position; depending on the design, the construction may be performed by driving diagonal piles in an oblique position, as shown in Figure 6. In this case, as will be detailed below, the leader 4' is erected and tilted to a predetermined posture, and then the sparad 41 is pierced into the ground 10, and the leader 4' is moved to the predetermined angle by cooperation with the anchor. Ground improvement will be carried out by diagonal construction.

To further explain the principle of the above-mentioned construction, first,
After reaching the improved area and anchoring the improved ship 2' with the wire 48 as shown in FIG. 5, the arm 26 of the leader 4' and the bottle 28 of the bracket 27 are removed and
The sub-stand 31 of the stand 29 installed at the rear of the hull 3' is fixed in a vertical position with a stopper (not shown), as shown by the solid line in FIG. As shown in FIG. 8, the holes on the base end side of the hydraulic cylinders 19 provided are inserted and inserted alternately between the screw holes provided in the hull 3', that is, the hydraulic cylinders 19 are expanded and contracted. By removing and fixing the screw pin each time, each bearing 18 is attached to the hull 3' through a so-called inchworm-like action.
The stirring blades 39 at the tip of each shaft 9 are fully exposed to the opening 14 of the hull 3' so that they can easily enter the opening 14 of the hull 3', and the winch provided at the rear end of the hull 3' 33 causes the wire 34 to pull the arm 26 at one end of the leader 4', so that the leader 4' pivots relative to each bearing 18 via its axis 22. The leader 4' moves to a standing position through continuous operation of the winch 33.
stand up, and when the predetermined angle is reached, if the slope construction shown in FIG. 4', the tilted posture at the set angle is fixed.

In addition, when carrying out construction in the vertical state shown in FIG. penetrate into the ground 10.

Then, by operating the winch 46 provided on the arm 26 on the lower end side of the leader 4', the bracket 36 provided on the upper part is forcibly pulled down along the leader 4 via the pulley 45 and the wire 47, and each shaft is moved down. 9 into the ground 10, and the arm 26 on the lower end side of the ground.
Each shaft 9, that is, the stirring blade 39, is rotated through a rotary complete rotation mechanism 38 such as a hydraulic motor installed in the ground 10 to penetrate and stir the ground 10. When a predetermined depth is reached, the improved material plant 11 extracts the material from the tank 12. The powdered cement is gas-transported by the air from the compressor and passed through each shaft, and is ejected into the ground from the stirring blade 39 rotating at a predetermined depth. At the same time, the winch 45 that had been operating until then is stopped. , upper arm 26 of leader 4'
The other winch 42 provided in Mix and stir the soil and ejected cement while swirling.

During this time, the air transported to the powder cement 1 ascends and dissipates along the shafts 9 via spills (not shown).

Incidentally, the construction can be carried out in exactly the same manner in the inclined construction shown in FIG. 6.

After each shaft 9 has been pulled out from the ground 10, the anchor is released, the improved ship 2' is advanced a predetermined distance, the anchor is taken again, and the above-mentioned two steps are repeated until the ground 10 is lifted.
We will continue to improve the ground for 0.

During this time, since the leader 4' connected to the ground 10 from the hull 3' through the spud 41 during construction has the same rigidity in the upper aerial part and the lower underwater part of the hull 3', Unlike the weak auxiliary leader of the conventional cantilever set mentioned above, it does not accept the rocking of the improved ship 2' due to some waves, and the leader 4' can be kept upright or
It is possible to perform the operations of reliable penetration of each shaft 9, powder cement injection, and stirring while maintaining the inclined position.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the depth in the construction area between the hull 3' and the ground 10 is constant, and in this case, the leader 4' is set at the shipyard in advance to the above-mentioned depth according to the survey. By assembling the unit through the flanges 25 with each short pipe 24 and reinforcing girder 23 to the same length, the shaft 2
This method can be carried out by predetermining the length from 2 to the lower arm 26, that is, the spud 41, but if the depth between the hull 3' and the ground 1o changes or varies. In some cases, the lengths of the shaft 22 and spud 41 must be adjusted depending on the depth at the construction site.

In such a case, for example, if the depth is shallow as shown in Fig. 14 or deep as shown in Fig. 15, each short of the leader 4' should be prepared in advance at the shipyard. pipe 2
This can be solved by adjusting the assembly of the reinforcing girder 23 and the shaft 22 so that the shaft 22 is positioned relative to the bearing 18 at a length corresponding to the corresponding depth.

Of course, the short pipe 24 and the reinforcing girder 23 can be assembled in a horizontal state using a low crane on the quay, as described above, and the accuracy of the assembly can be controlled extremely precisely as described above. This can be done in a horizontal position.

In this aspect, for example, as shown in FIG.
2 and the spud 41 and there is interference with the opening 14 of the hull 3', as described above, each bearing 1
By the operation of the hydraulic cylinders 19 of 8, each of the bearings 18 is moved relative to each screw hole 21 of the hull 3', so that the leader 4' is in an optimal posture with respect to the hull 3' for towing travel. Moreover, by expanding and contracting the hydraulic cylinder 19, the spud 41 and the stirring blades 39 of each shaft 9 can be made to easily face the opening and enter the water.

Of course, in this embodiment, it is possible to adopt a mode in which the shaft 22 is replaced and inserted into a predetermined position of the leader 4' depending on the design.

However, there are cases where it is necessary to adjust the distance between the shaft 22 and the spud 41 steplessly depending on the depth at the site of the improvement area. As shown in the figure, a slider 50 is inserted into the slit 49 of each bearing 18.
A worm 53 provided at the upper end of a shaft 52 that is loosely inserted into the slider 50 of a motor 51 with a reducer provided below the worm 53 is inserted into a rack 54 formed in the slit 49 so as to be slidable up and down. By engaging and operating the motor 51, the slider 50 moves up and down a predetermined minute distance, so that the leader 4' is moved by the bearing 18, 18 via the shaft 22 mounted on the slider 50. Therefore, the distance between the shaft 22 and the spud 41 can be adjusted in response to the depth of the construction environment, and furthermore,
After the spud 41 contacts the ground 10, it can be forced to enter the ground.

Note that this embodiment is applicable to both the upright and inclined positions of the leader 4'.

In this way, the axis 4 of the leader 4' relative to the hull 3'
By adjusting the position of the leader 4', the aerial part and the underwater part of the leader 4' can be made approximately equal, as shown in Fig. 10, without moving the bearing 18 itself up and down. 1
As shown in Figure 1, the aerial part is long and the underwater part is short, and as shown in Figure 12, these can be arranged in an intermediate position, which allows the hull 3' and the ground at the site to be 10, the length of the leader 4' can be adjusted steplessly to correspond to the depth.

However, the stepless adjustment mechanism described above does not have to be used in complicated cases.

The embodiment shown in FIGS. 18 to 20 is a mode in which a tilting position device is attached, and hydraulic cylinders 55 are provided on both sides of the leader 4', and the tip of the iron 56 is connected to the leader 4'. The bottle is pivotably supported on a bracket 57 fixed to the side surface, and the base end side of the hydraulic cylinder 55 is connected to a screw hole 58 of a predetermined bit provided on both sides of the frontage 14 of the hull 3'. By aligning the pin holes 60 of the bracket 59 and screwing them together, as shown in FIG. 19, the leader 4' in the upright state is supported and the winch 33 and wire 34 shown in FIG. The Leader 4'
to be able to maintain a predetermined standing posture with assistance,
In particular, when the height of the aerial part of the hull 3' of the vertical position of the leader 4' is high, it is ensured that the attitude is maintained and the spud 4 is
This is to further ensure the fixed posture according to 1.41.

Therefore, in this embodiment, the hull 3' of the leader 4'
In the horizontally lying state, as shown in FIG. 18, a fixed chain 6 is connected between the hydraulic cylinder 55 and the leader 4'.
The hydraulic cylinder 55 in the retracted state is moved by the leader 4
It is possible to keep the lateral position 27 constant in parallel to '.

In addition, an air cylinder or the like is installed between the hydraulic cylinder 55 and the leader 4' (by opening it in a parallel side position, or by opening it in a V-shape and fixing it between it and the hull 3', etc.). The means described above can also be sufficiently adopted.

By doing this, as shown in FIG. 21, the posture of the leader 4' can be reliably fixed in the upright position, and as shown in FIG. Inclined construction in an inclined position can be maintained in a stable condition from beginning to end.

It goes without saying that the embodiment of the invention of this application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment. For example, the embodiment shown in Fig. 18.19 may be combined with the shaft 22 of the leader 4' shown in Fig. 16. Various configurations are possible, such as installing a vertical movement mechanism, installing bearings 18, 18 around the opening 14 of the hull 3', turning the ship along an oval rail, and making the hull a catamaran type. Adoptable.

In addition, it can be applied not only to the ground improvement using powder injection and agitation mentioned above, but also to ground improvement using sand drains, quicklime, etc., and the applicable water area is not only the sea, but also rivers, lakes, and marshes. It is.

<Effects of the Invention> As described above, according to the invention of this application, basically, in a soil improvement ship having a leader used for underwater ground improvement in rivers, underwater lakes, etc., which is in extremely high demand recently, when the leader is being transported by water. It is laid down in a horizontal position parallel to the ship's hull, and can be tilted to the ship's hull or vertically upright at the site of the improvement area, so it is difficult to assemble at shipyards etc. when building or modifying. Construction can be carried out easily and safely using cranes, etc. in a horizontal position with low quay walls, and it can be carried out simultaneously with other works, which has the excellent effect of improving work efficiency. .

In addition, water transportation has the excellent effect of being able to smoothly navigate to designated improvement areas without interfering with suspension bridges or other port facilities built at river mouths or inlets. .

In addition, because the height is low and the center of gravity is low and the posture is stable, it is not affected by rivers and waves, and there is little rocking, making it extremely safe. Therefore, it has the advantage of being extremely effective in shortening the construction period, etc.

Since the length of the leader 4 is not restricted by obstructions to bridges during navigation or safety during construction, it has the effect of providing a degree of freedom in terms of height, that is, length. The excellent effect of reducing costs is achieved due to ease of construction.

In addition, since the length of the leader can be adjusted freely, the length can be infinitely extended regardless of the size of the construction project, making it an excellent product that can also contribute to the development of underwater ground improvement work. The effect is produced.

Furthermore, since the bearings that form the center of rotation of the leader are installed midway between both ends of the leader, the leader in an upright state extends not only above the ship's hull but also below into the sea, thus making it possible for the construction vibrator to slide freely up and down. , it has excellent effects of improving construction efficiency and construction accuracy.

In addition, by providing a lifting device for the leader between the hull and the leader, the above-mentioned lying position of the leader during navigation is guaranteed, and furthermore, the leader can be easily erected at the site. It is played.

In addition, because the hull is equipped with an improved material plant, it is possible to apply the powder injection stirring method and deep mixing method, which uses powder pneumatic transport to transport cement, etc., without using the chemical injection method mentioned above. The effect is produced.

Therefore, unlike the leader whose base is simply able to lie down and stand up relative to the ship's hull, the lower part of the underwater part is also part of the leader's body by rotating and standing up through the shaft. , not only is the upper part of the hull in the air rigid, but the part in the water is equally rigid, and therefore has a strong relationship to the ground, unlike a conventional cantilever set, which is not rigid and unstable. It is possible to reliably maintain the posture of the improvement material transport shaft, which has the excellent effect of allowing ground improvement work to be carried out with high precision as planned, and for example, piles in the ground can be formed accurately. Even if there were some waves or sails during construction, the rigidity of the leader in the water was sufficient, and on the other hand, the improved ship itself could be maintained in a low position on the water surface, which was an excellent effect. Ru.

As a result, problems that would previously have required construction to be stopped even if there was a slight change in the weather have been resolved all at once, and construction can now continue without being affected by weather changes, unless the weather changes dramatically. Excellent effects can be achieved.

By providing a tilting device on at least one side of the hull and the leader, it is possible to stably maintain not only the vertical position of the leader but also the tilted position at the set tilt angle. An excellent effect is achieved in which the slope flII is created and ground improvement in water, where the degree of freedom of construction is originally restricted, is dramatically improved.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 to 22 are detailed explanatory diagrams of the invention of this application,
Fig. 1 is a partially transparent side view of the first embodiment, Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same, Fig. 3 is a schematic side view of the water transportation posture of the improved ship, Fig. 4 is a schematic plan view of the same, and Fig. 5 is the construction area. Fig. 6 is a schematic side view of the leader in the vertical position, Fig. 7 is a schematic perspective front view of the improved ship, Fig. 8 is a plan view of the horizontal movement mechanism of the bearing, and Fig. 9 is a schematic side view of the leader in the inclined position. Partial cross-sectional front view of No. 10
．． Figure 11.12 shows various aspects of the vertical position of the leader with respect to the hull, Figure 13 is a partial cross-sectional front view of the leader in vertical position with its position fixed relative to the ground, and Figure 14.15 corresponds to vibration changes in water depth. The assembly of the leader is shown in the adjustment front view, No. 16.
17 is an enlarged partial sectional view of FIG. 16, FIG. 18 is a plan view of another embodiment equivalent to FIG. 2, and FIG. 19 is a vertical view of the leader. 20 is a perspective view of the hydraulic cylinder, FIG. 21 is a transparent side view of the reader fixed in the vertical position, FIG. 22 is a transparent side view of the reader fixed in the tilted position, and FIG. The figure is a schematic side view of a ground improvement ship based on the prior art, and FIG. 24 is a schematic plan view of the same. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Water surface, 10... Ground, 9... Shaft, 4'... Leader, 33... Operating device, 2'... Ground improvement ship, 14... Open part, 3'
... Hull, 18... Bearing, 35... Lifting device, 11... Improved material plant, 33... Winch, 41.55... Tilting posture device, 55...
Hydraulic cylinder, 41... spud

Claims (10)

[Claims] (1) In a soil improvement ship that is equipped with a leader for a shaft for feeding improvement material into the ground below the water surface and has an actuation device for the leader, the leader is attached to a bearing of the hull that has an opening to the water surface. The shaft is movable in and out, is pivotably supported along a vertical plane, and is further connected to a luffing device for the ship's hull, and is characterized in that an improvement material plant for the shaft is provided in the ship's hull. A ground improvement ship. (2) The soil improvement ship according to claim 1, wherein the bearing is horizontally movable with respect to the hull. (3) The soil improvement ship according to claim 1, wherein the bearing is replaceable. (4) The ground improvement ship according to claim 1, wherein the bearing is rotatably movable with respect to the hull. (5) The soil improvement ship according to claim 1, wherein the shaft is a gas-transporting powder improvement material shaft. (6) The soil improvement ship according to claim 1, wherein the improvement material plant is a gas-transported powder improvement material plant. (7) In a soil improvement ship that is equipped with a leader for a shaft for feeding improvement material into the ground below the water surface and has an actuation device for the leader, the leader is attached to a bearing of the hull that has an opening to the water surface. The shaft is movable in and out, and is pivotably supported along a vertical plane, and is connected to a luffing device for the hull, and an improvement material plant for the shaft is provided in the hull, and the leader and the hull are connected to each other. A ground improvement vessel characterized by having a tilting attitude device interposed on either side of the vessel. (8) The ground improvement according to claim 7, wherein the tilting position device is a hydraulic cylinder, the tip of which is locked to a leader, and the base end of which is detachable from the ship's hull. ship. (9) The soil improvement ship according to claim 8, wherein the attachment position of the base end of the hydraulic cylinder to the hull is adjustable. (10) The soil improvement ship according to claim 7, wherein the tilting attitude device is a spud at the tip of the leader that can move forward and backward.