JPS61121035A - liquid crystal optical device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a material for an alignment layer such as an alignment film that regulates the alignment of liquid crystals in a twisted nematic liquid crystal display device.

<Prior Art> Conventionally, polyimide or polyamide-based polymer compounds are known as the most stable alignment films.

However, the alignment film requires high-temperature firing or long-term firing at medium temperature in order to remove arsenization. Also,
Selective to necessary areas.

There is a problem in that special coating equipment, aluminum, or special methods are required for application.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> An object of the present invention is to provide an alignment layer that can be applied more selectively than photolithography and has stable alignment performance without using any special coating method. An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal optical device that forms a liquid crystal optical device. Another object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal optical device in which the alignment layer after coating can be cured under low temperature and short treatment conditions.

Means for Solving the Problems> The present invention imparts photosensitivity to a polymer compound using dichromate, enables dearsenization of an alignment layer at low temperatures and in a short time, and also enables easy patterning by photophosphorography. It has been put into practical use.

FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a liquid crystal display device of the present invention. Glass plates such as soda glass, quartz glass, Pyrex glass, or polysal 7on, polyether sulfon, polyester, polyethylene terephthalate,
On the electrode substrates 21 and 22 made of plastic films such as silicone, epoxy urethane, or cellulose acetate, transparent conductive films (such as oxide, tin oxide, indium oxide, etc.) are coated.
or may be partially opaque).
is formed thereon, and an alignment film 2 is formed thereon by a method such as dipping, spinner coating, printing, etc., and is subjected to an alignment treatment using a rubbing mold or the like. The liquid crystal 1 has a predetermined orientation angle (0° #45°, SO ~ 100°, or 270°, 45°
0' etc.)). In the liquid crystal 1, polarizers 51 and 52 are installed on a pair of electrode substrates 21 and 22 with polarization axes oriented in a predetermined direction in accordance with the orientation of the liquid crystal 1.

Although not necessary in the case of a transmission type, a reflector 61 is installed on the lower side in the case of a reflection type. Note that the liquid crystal 1 is a drive circuit 81.
This allows characters, numbers, etc. to be displayed as segments or as a collection of dots.

Note that the liquid crystal optical device of the present invention can be similarly applied to a liquid crystal optical printing device that uses a liquid crystal panel not only for display but also as a light pulp.

In this case, a large number of light transmitting/blocking dot patterns are formed on the liquid crystal panel, and light is irradiated from one side to the drive circuit 8.
The light transmission/blocking dots are controlled by 1, and the light selectively transmitted by the light pulp forms a latent image on the photoreceptor on the photoreceptor drum, and the latent image is fixed and developed on the recording paper. Do the following.

It goes without saying that the present invention can also be applied to liquid crystal devices of DI3M type, PCB type, etc., and the liquid crystal layer may of course be multilayered. Further, the liquid crystal may contain an optically active material such as chiral nematic liquid crystal or cholesteric liquid crystal to further stabilize alignment control.

<Example> Next, the present invention will be explained by showing examples.

Example 1, polyvinyl alcohol (1o wt%)
2 wt % ammonium dichromate was added to the aqueous solution, and the solution was applied onto a glass substrate with a transparent electrode using a spinner, and dried at 70° C. for 20 minutes to form a 100 OA film. A suitable negative photomask was used on the photosensitive polymer film, and after exposure, the film was developed in hot water at ω°C for 1 minute, and after draining, it was dried at 1°O°C for a minute.

Furthermore, the patterned polymer film was lightly rubbed with a cotton cloth to obtain an alignment film.

The two substrates thus obtained were sealed using epoxy resin, nematic liquid crystal was injected, and the injection port was sealed with epoxy resin to produce a liquid crystal display cell. Furthermore, the liquid crystal display cell was sandwiched between two polarizing plates to form a liquid crystal display. The liquid crystal display manufactured in this way has an initial appearance,
Both electro-optical properties were excellent. Further, the liquid crystal display 4 was placed in a closed atmosphere at ℃ for 800 hours, (a) 7℃.
After being left in an atmosphere of 90 SRH for 800 hours, a voltage was applied and driven, and changes in the appearance were observed, but there was no change, and the current characteristics when AC was applied and the current characteristics when DC was applied were 1.5 times lower than the initial value. This was approximately twice as high as that when polyimide or polyamide-based polymer compounds were used for alignment films.

Example 2. Ammonium dichromate (tl-2 wt%) was added to a geranium aqueous solution (Hl wt%), applied onto a transparent glass electrode plate using a spinner, and kept dry at 80'C for 20 minutes to obtain a photosensitive polymer film of 10001. . Example 1 below
A liquid crystal display was manufactured in the same manner as above, and a heat resistance test and a moisture resistance test were conducted. In this case as well, there is no change in appearance, and changes in current characteristics when AC is applied and current characteristics when DC is applied are different from the initial 1.
．． It was about 5 times that of conventional polymer membranes.

Example 8. Ammonium dichromate f2wt% was added to a peptide (10wt%) aqueous solution, and the mixture was coated onto a transparent glass electrode substrate using a roll coater method at 8°C-2.
A photosensitive polymer film of approximately 100 OA was obtained by drying for 0 minutes.

Thereafter, a liquid crystal display was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and a heat resistance test and a moisture resistance test were conducted in the same manner as in Example 1. In this case as well, there was no change in the appearance, and the changes in the current characteristics when AC was applied and the current characteristics when DC was applied were about 1.5 times the initial values.

Example 4. Ammonium real chromate was added to a cellulose-based (5 wt%) aqueous solution, and the mixture was placed on a transparent glass electrode substrate.
Apply with a spinner and dry for 20 minutes at -10°C.
A photosensitive polymer film of 0OA was obtained. Thereafter, a liquid crystal display was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, and a heat resistance test and a moisture resistance test were conducted in the same manner as in Example 1. In this case, there is little change in appearance,
The changes in the current characteristics when AC was applied and the current characteristics when DC was applied were also about 1.5 times the initial values.

These results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 <Effects of the Invention> As explained above, by providing the alignment film material according to the present invention, it is possible to achieve 1. )
To coat the alignment film onto the substrate, it is now possible to use simple coating methods such as spinner coating, roll coating, and spray coating, without using special coating/decoating methods such as printing methods, allowing for mass production. has become easier. 2) Since the material of the alignment film has photosensitivity, selective coating is possible using photolithography, and curing and ultraviolet rays can be used, making it possible to process at low temperatures and in a short period of time, simplifying the manufacturing process. Can be shortened. As described above, the present invention is very useful in providing a liquid crystal optical device with excellent performance at a low cost.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 shows Example 2 of the liquid crystal optical device of the present invention, fist, and alignment film.

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) A liquid crystal optical device in which an alignment layer is formed on an electrode substrate, wherein the alignment layer that regulates the alignment of liquid crystal molecules is a polymer compound made photosensitized by dichromate. optical equipment. (2) The liquid crystal optical device according to claim 1, wherein the polymer compound is polyvinyl alcohol. (3) The liquid crystal optical device according to claim 1, wherein the polymer compound is an animal protein. (4) The liquid crystal optical device according to claim 1, wherein the polymer compound is a cellulose resin.